Engineering Mathematics PDF

CHAPTER 1
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
YEAR 2012 ONE MARK
MCQ 1.1 The area enclosed between the straight line y = x and the parabola y = x2
in the x -y plane is
(A) 1/6 (B) 1/4
(C) 1/3 (D) 1/2
MCQ 1.2 Consider the function f (x) = x in the interval 1 # x # 1. At the point
x = 0 , f (x) is
(A) continuous and differentiable
(B) non-continuous and differentiable
(C) continuous and non-differentiable
(D) neither continuous nor differentiable
MCQ 1.3 lim b 1 cos

2 l
x is
x"0 x
(A) 1/4 (B) 1/2
(C) 1 (D) 2
MCQ 1.4 At x = 0, the function f (x) = x3 + 1 has

(A) a maximum value (B) a minimum value
(C) a singularity (D) a point of inflection
MCQ 1.5 For the spherical surface x2 + y2 + z2 = 1, the unit outward normal vector at
the point c 1 , 1 , 0 m is given by
2 2
(A) 1 i+ 1 j (B) 1 i 1 j
2 2 2 2
(C) k (D) 1 i+ 1 j+ 1 k
3 3 3
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PAGE 2 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS CHAP 1
YEAR 2012 TWO MARKS
MCQ 1.6 The inverse Laplace transform of the function F (s) = 1 is given by
s (s + 1)
(A) f (t) = sin t (B) f (t) = et sin t
(C) f (t) = et (D) f (t) = 1 et
5 3
For the matrix A = >
1 3H
MCQ 1.7 , ONE of the normalized eigen vectors given as
J 1N J 1 N
K 2O K O
2O
(A) K O (B) K
KK 3 OO K 1 O
2 K O
L P L 2P
J 3 N J 1 N
K O K O
10 O 5O
(C) K (D) K
K 1 O K 2 O
K O K O
L 10 P L 5P
MCQ 1.8 A box contains 4 red balls and 6 black balls. Three balls are selected randomly
from the box one after another, without replacement. The probability that
the selected set contains one red ball and two black balls is
(A) 1/20 (B) 1/12
(C) 3/10 (D) 1/2
MCQ 1.9 Consider the differential equation x2 (d 2 y/dx 2) + x (dy/dx) 4y = 0 with the
boundary conditions of y (0) = 0 and y (1) = 1. The complete solution of the
differential equation is
(A) x2 (B) sin a x k
2
(C) ex sin a x k (D) ex sin a x k
2 2
MCQ 1.10
x + 2y + z = 4
2x + y + 2z = 5
xy+z = 1
The system of algebraic equations given above has
(A) a unique solution of x = 1, y = 1 and z = 1.
(B) only the two solutions of (x = 1, y = 1, z = 1) and (x = 2, y = 1, z = 0)
(C) infinite number of solutions
(D) no feasible solution
YEAR 2011 ONE MARK
MCQ 1.11 A series expansion for the function sin is

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CHAP 1 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS PAGE 3
(A) 1 + ... (B) + ...

2 4 3 5
2! 4! 3! 5!
(C) 1 + + + + ... (D) + + + ...

2 3 3 5
2! 3! 3! 5!
MCQ 1.12 What is lim sin equal to ?
"0
(A) (B) sin

(C) 0 (D) 1
MCQ 1.13 Eigen values of a real symmetric matrix are always

(A) positive (B) negative
(C) real (D) complex
MCQ 1.14 The product of two complex numbers 1 + i and 2 5i is

(A) 7 3i (B) 3 4i
(C) 3 4i (D) 7 + 3i
#a f (x) dx
a
MCQ 1.15 If f (x) is an even function and a is a positive real number, then
equals
(A) 0 (B) a
(D) 2 # f (x) dx
a
(C) 2a
0
YEAR 2011 TWO MARKS
1 dx , when evaluated by using Simpsons 1/3 rule on two

3
MCQ 1.16 The integral #1
x
equal sub-intervals each of length 1, equals
(A) 1.000 (B) 1.098
(C) 1.111 (D) 1.120
dy
MCQ 1.17 Consider the differential equation = (1 + y2) x . The general solution with
dx
constant c is
2
(A) y = tan x + tan c (B) y = tan2 a x + c k
2 2
(D) y = tan b x + c l
2
(C) y = tan2 a x k + c
2 2
MCQ 1.18 An unbiased coin is tossed five times. The outcome of each toss is either a
head or a tail. The probability of getting at least one head is
(A) 1 (B) 13
32 32
(C) 16 (D) 31
32 32

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MCQ 1.19 Consider the following system of equations

2x1 + x2 + x 3 = 0
x2 x 3 = 0
x1 + x 2 = 0
This system has
(A) a unique solution
(B) no solution
(C) infinite number of solutions
(D) five solutions
YEAR 2010 ONE MARK
MCQ 1.20 The parabolic arc y = x , 1 # x # 2 is revolved around the x -axis. The
volume of the solid of revolution is
(A) /4
(B) /2
(C) 3/4
(D) 3/2
d 3f f d 2f
MCQ 1.21 The Blasius equation, 3 + 2 = 0 , is a
d d2
(A) second order nonlinear ordinary differential equation
(B) third order nonlinear ordinary differential equation
(C) third order linear ordinary differential equation
(D) mixed order nonlinear ordinary differential equation
MCQ 1.22 The value of the integral # 33 1 dx

+ x2
is
(A) (B) /2
(C) /2 (D)
MCQ 1.23 The modulus of the complex number b 3 + 4i l is

1 2i
(A) 5 (B) 5
(C) 1/ 5 (D) 1/5
MCQ 1.24 The function y = 2 3x

(A) is continuous 6x ! R and differentiable 6x ! R
(B) is continuous 6x ! R and differentiable 6x ! R except at x = 3/2
(C) is continuous 6x ! R and differentiable 6x ! R except at x = 2/3
(D) is continuous 6x ! R except x = 3 and differentiable 6x ! R
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YEAR 2010 TWO MARKS
2 2
MCQ 1.25 One of the eigen vectors of the matrix A = > H is
1 3
2 2
(A) > H (B) > H
1 1
4 1
(C) > H (D) > H
1 1
MCQ 1.26 The Laplace transform of a function f (t) is 2 1 . The function f (t) is
s (s + 1)
(A) t 1 + et (B) t + 1 + et
(C) 1 + et (D) 2t + et
MCQ 1.27 A box contains 2 washers, 3 nuts and 4 bolts. Items are drawn from the box
at random one at a time without replacement. The probability of drawing 2
washers first followed by 3 nuts and subsequently the 4 bolts is
(A) 2/315 (B) 1/630
(C) 1/1260 (D) 1/2520
MCQ 1.28 Torque exerted on a flywheel over a cycle is listed in the table. Flywheel
energy (in J per unit cycle) using Simpsons rule is
Angle (Degree) 0 60c 120c 180c 240c 300c 360c

Torque (N-m) 0 1066 323 0 323 355 0
(A) 542 (B) 993
(C) 1444 (D) 1986
YEAR 2009 ONE MARK
3/5 4/5
MCQ 1.29 For a matrix 6M @ = > H, the transpose of the matrix is equal to the
x 3/5
inverse of the matrix, 6M @ = 6M @ . The value of x is given by
T 1
(A) 4 (B) 3
5 5
(C) 3 (D) 4
5 5
MCQ 1.30 The divergence of the vector field 3xzi + 2xyj yz2 k at a point (1, 1, 1) is
equal to
(A) 7 (B) 4
(C) 3 (D) 0
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MCQ 1.31 The inverse Laplace transform of 1/ (s2 + s) is

(A) 1 + et (B) 1 et
(C) 1 et (D) 1 + et
MCQ 1.32 If three coins are tossed simultaneously, the probability of getting at least
one head is
(A) 1/8 (B) 3/8
(C) 1/2 (D) 7/8
YEAR 2009 TWO MARKS
MCQ 1.33 An analytic function of a complex variable z = x + iy is expressed as

f (z) = u (x, y) + iv (x, y) where i = 1 . If u = xy , the expression for v
should be
(x + y) 2 x2 y2
(A) +k (B) +k
2 2
y2 x2 (x y) 2
(C) +k (D) +k
2 2
dy
MCQ 1.34 The solution of x + y = x 4 with the condition y (1) = 6 is
dx 5
4 4
(A) y = x + 1 (B) y = 4x + 4
5 x 5 5x
4 5
(C) y = x + 1 (D) y = x + 1
5 5
MCQ 1.35 A path AB in the form of one quarter of a circle of unit radius is shown
in the figure. Integration of (x + y) 2 on path AB traversed in a counter-
clockwise sense is
(A) 1 (B) + 1
2 2
(C) (D) 1
2
MCQ 1.36 The distance between the origin and the point nearest to it on the surface
z2 = 1 + xy is
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(A) 1 (B) 3
2
(C) 3 (D) 2
MCQ 1.37 The area enclosed between the curves y2 = 4x and x2 = 4y is

(A) 16 (B) 8
3
(C) 32 (D) 16
3
MCQ 1.38 The standard deviation of a uniformly distributed random variable between
0 and 1 is
(A) 1 (B) 1
12 3
(C) 5 (D) 7
12 12
YEAR 2008 ONE MARK
MCQ 1.39 In the Taylor series expansion of ex about x = 2 , the coefficient of (x 2) 4 is

(A) 1/4 ! (B) 2 4 /4!
(C) e2 /4! (D) e 4 /4!
MCQ 1.40 Given that xp + 3x = 0 , and x (0) = 1, xo(0) = 0 , what is x (1) ?

(A) 0.99 (B) 0.16
(C) 0.16 (D) 0.99
The value of lim x 2

1/3
MCQ 1.41
x " 8 (x 8)
(A) 1 (B) 1
16 12
(C) 1 (D) 1
8 4
MCQ 1.42 A coin is tossed 4 times. What is the probability of getting heads exactly 3
times ?
(A) 1 (B) 3
4 8
(C) 1 (D) 3
2 4
R1 2 4VW
S
MCQ 1.43 The matrix S3 0 6W has one eigen value equal to 3. The sum of the
SS1 1 pWW
T
other two eigen valueX is
(A) p (B) p 1
(C) p 2 (D) p 3
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MCQ 1.44 The divergence of the vector field (x y) i + (y x) j + (x + y + z) k is

(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 2 (D) 3
YEAR 2008 TWO MARKS
MCQ 1.45 Consider the shaded triangular region P shown in the figure. What is
## xydxdy ?
P
(A) 1 (B) 2
6 9
(C) 7 (D) 1
16
MCQ 1.46 The directional derivative of the scalar function f (x, y, z) = x2 + 2y2 + z at
the point
P = (1, 1, 2) in the direction of the vector a = 3i 4j is
(A) 4 (B) 2
(C) 1 (D) 1
MCQ 1.47 For what value of a, if any will the following system of equation in x, y and z
have a solution ?
2x + 3y = 4
x+y+z = 4
3x + 2y z = a
(A) Any real number (B) 0
(C) 1 (D) There is no such value
MCQ 1.48 Which of the following integrals is unbounded ?

/4
(A) #0 tan xdx (B) #0 3 x2 1+ 1 dx
1 1 dx
(C) #0 3xex dx (D) #0 1x
MCQ 1.49 The integral # f (z) dz evaluated around the unit circle on the complex plane
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for f (z) = cos z is

z
(A) 2i (B) 4i
(C) 2i (D) 0
MCQ 1.50 The length of the curve y = 2 x3/2 between x = 0 and x = 1 is

3
(A) 0.27 (B) 0.67
(C) 1 (D) 1.22
1 2 1 1
MCQ 1.51 The eigen vector of the matrix > H are written in the form > H and > H.
0 2 a b
What is a + b ?
(A) 0 (B) 1
2
(C) 1 (D) 2
22 f
MCQ 1.52 Let f = yx . What is at x = 2, y = 1 ?
2x2y
(A) 0 (B) ln 2
(C) 1 (D) 1
ln 2
MCQ 1.53 It is given that y m + 2yl + y = 0, y (0) = 0, y (1) = 0 . What is y (0.5) ?
(A) 0 (B) 0.37
(C) 0.62 (D) 1.13
YEAR 2007 ONE MARK
MCQ 1.54 The minimum value of function y = x2 in the interval [1, 5] is

(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 25 (D) undefined
MCQ 1.55 If a square matrix A is real and symmetric, then the eigen values
(A) are always real (B) are always real and positive
(C) are always real and non-negative (D) occur in complex conjugate
pairs
MCQ 1.56 If (x, y) and (x, y) are functions with continuous second derivatives, then
(x, y) + i (x, y) can be expressed as an analytic function of x + i (i = 1)
, when
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
(A) = , = (B) = , =
2x 2x 2y 2y 2y 2x 2x 2y
22 22 22 22 2 2 2 2
(C) + = + =1 (D) + = + =0
2x2 2y2 2x2 2y2 2x 2y 2x 2y
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22 22 2 2
MCQ 1.57 The partial differential equation + + + = 0 has
2x2 2y2 2x 2y
(A) degree 1 order 2 (B) degree 1 order 1
(C) degree 2 order 1 (D) degree 2 order 2
YEAR 2007 TWO MARKS
MCQ 1.58 If y = x + x + x + x + ......3 , then y ^2 h =

(A) 4 or 1 (B) 4 only
(C) 1 only (D) undefined
MCQ 1.59 The area of a triangle formed by the tips of vectors a, b and c is
(A) 1 (a b) : (a c) (B) 1 (a b) # (a c)
2 2
(C) 1 a # b # c (D) 1 (a # b) : c
2 2
dy
MCQ 1.60 The solution of = y2 with initial value y (0) = 1 bounded in the interval
dx
(A) 3 # x # 3 (B) 3 # x # 1
(C) x < 1, x > 1 (D) 2 # x # 2
MCQ 1.61 If F (s) is the Laplace transform of function f (t), then Laplace transform of
t
#0 f () d is
(A) 1 F (s) (B) 1 F (s) f (0)

s s
(C) sF (s) f (0) (D) # F (s) d s
MCQ 1.62 A calculator has accuracy up to 8 digits after decimal place. The value of
2
#0 sin xdx
when evaluated using the calculator by trapezoidal method with 8 equal
intervals, to 5 significant digits is
(A) 0.00000 (B) 1.0000
(C) 0.00500 (D) 0.00025
MCQ 1.63 Let X and Y be two independent random variables. Which one of the
relations between expectation (E), variance (Var) and covariance (Cov)
given below is FALSE ?
(A) E (XY ) = E (X ) E (Y ) (B) Cv (X, Y ) = 0
(C) Var (X + Y ) = Var (X ) + Var (Y ) (D) E (X 2 Y 2) = (E (X )) 2 (E (Y )) 2

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ex b1 + x + x l
2
2
MCQ 1.64 lim 3 =
x"0 x
(A) 0 (B) 1/6
(C) 1/3 (D) 1
2 1
MCQ 1.65 The number of linearly independent eigen vectors of > H is
0 2
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 2 (D) infinite
YEAR 2006 ONE MARK
MCQ 1.66 Match the items in column I and II.

Column I Column II
P. Gauss-Seidel method 1. Interpolation
Q. Forward Newton-Gauss method 2. Non-linear differential equations
R. Runge-Kutta method 3. Numerical integration
S. Trapezoidal Rule 4. Linear algebraic equations
(A) P-1, Q-4, R-3, S-2 (B) P-1, Q-4, R-2, S-3
(C) P-1. Q-3, R-2, S-4 (D) P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3
dy
+ 2xy = ex with y (0) = 1 is
2
MCQ 1.67 The solution of the differential equation
dx
(A) (1 + x) e+x (B) (1 + x) ex
2 2
(C) (1 x) e+x (D) (1 x) ex

2 2
MCQ 1.68 Let x denote a real number. Find out the INCORRECT statement.
(A) S = {x : x > 3} represents the set of all real numbers greater than 3
(B) S = {x : x2 < 0} represents the empty set.
(C) S = {x : x ! A and x ! B} represents the union of set A and set B .
(D) S = {x : a < x < b} represents the set of all real numbers between a and
b, where a and b are real numbers.
MCQ 1.69 A box contains 20 defective items and 80 non-defective items. If two items
are selected at random without replacement, what will be the probability
that both items are defective ?
(A) 1 (B) 1
5 25
(C) 20 (D) 19
99 495

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YEAR 2006 TWO MARKS
3 2
MCQ 1.70 Eigen values of a matrix S = > H are 5 and 1. What are the eigen
2 3
values of the matrix S 2 = SS ?
(A) 1 and 25 (B) 6 and 4
(C) 5 and 1 (D) 2 and 10
MCQ 1.71 Equation of the line normal to function f (x) = (x 8) 2/3 + 1 at P (0, 5) is
(A) y = 3x 5 (B) y = 3x + 5
(C) 3y = x + 15 (D) 3y = x 15
/3
MCQ 1.72 Assuming i = 1 and t is a real number, #0 eit dt is
(A) 3 + i1 (B) 3 i1
2 2 2 2
(C) 1 + i 3 (D) 1 + i c1 3 m
2 2 2 2
If f (x) = 2x2 7x + 3 , then lim f (x) will be

2
MCQ 1.73
5x 12x 9 x"3
(A) 1/3 (B) 5/18

(C) 0 (D) 2/5
MCQ 1.74 Match the items in column I and II.

Column I Column II
P. Singular matrix 1. Determinant is not defined
Q. Non-square matrix 2. Determinant is always one
R. Real symmetric 3. Determinant is zero
S. Orthogonal matrix 4. Eigenvalues are always real
5. Eigenvalues are not defined
(A) P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-2
(B) P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1
(C) P-3, Q-2, R-5, S-4
(D) P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1
d 2y dy
2 + 4 dx + 3y = 3e , the particular integral is
2x
MCQ 1.75 For
dx
(A) 1 e2x (B) 1 e2x

15 5
(C) 3e2x (D) C1 ex + C2 e3x
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MCQ 1.76 Multiplication of matrices E and F is G . matrices E and G are

Rcos sin 0V R1 0 0V
S W S W
E = S sin cos 0W and G = S0 1 0W
SS 0 0 1WW SS0 0 1WW
T X T X
What is the matrix F ?
Rcos sin 0V R cos cos 0V
S W S W
(A) S sin cos 0W (B) S cos sin 0W
SS 0 0 1WW SS 0 0 1WW
RT cos sin 0XV TR VX
S W S sin cos 0W
(C) S sin cos 0W (D) Scos sin 0W
SS 0 0 1W W S
S 0 0 1WW
T X T X
MCQ 1.77 Consider the continuous random variable with probability density function
f (t) = 1 + t for 1 # t # 0
= 1 t for 0 # t # 1
The standard deviation of the random variable is
(A) 1 (B) 1
3 6
(C) 1 (D) 1
3 6
YEAR 2005 ONE MARK
MCQ 1.78 Stokes theorem connects

(A) a line integral and a surface integral
(B) a surface integral and a volume integral
(C) a line integral and a volume integral
(D) gradient of a function and its surface integral
MCQ 1.79 A lot has 10% defective items. Ten items are chosen randomly from this lot.
The probability that exactly 2 of the chosen items are defective is
(A) 0.0036
(B) 0.1937
(C) 0.2234
(D) 0.3874
#a (sin6 x + sin7 x) dx
a
MCQ 1.80 is equal to
(A) 2 # sin6 x dx (B) 2 # sin7 x dx

a a
0 0
(C) 2 # (sin6 x + sin7 x) dx

a
(D) zero
0

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MCQ 1.81 A is a 3 # 4 real matrix and Ax = b is an inconsistent system of equations.

The highest possible rank of A is
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4
8 2
MCQ 1.82 Changing the order of the integration in the double integral I = #0 #x f (x, y) dydx
q
#r #p
s 4
leads to I = f (x, y) dxdy What is q ?
(A) 4y (B) 16 y2
(C) x (D) 8
YEAR 2005 TWO MARKS
MCQ 1.83 Which one of the following is an eigen vector of the matrix
R V
S5 0 0 0W
S0 5 0 0W
S0 0 2 1W
S W
R V S0 0 3 1W R V
S 1W T X S0W
S 2W S0W
(A) S W (B) S W
S 0W S1W
S 0W S0W
TR VX TR X V
S W 1 S 1W
S 0W S 1W
(C) S W (D) S W
S 0W S 2W
S 2W S 1W
T X T X
MCQ 1.84 With a 1 unit change in b, what is the change in x in the solution of the
system of equations x + y = 2, 1.01x + 0.99y = b ?
(A) zero (B) 2 units
(C) 50 units (D) 100 units
MCQ 1.85 By a change of variable x (u, v) = uv, y (u, v) = v/u is double integral, the
integrand f (x, y) changes to f (uv, v/u) (u, v). Then, (u, v) is
(A) 2v/u (B) 2uv
(C) v2 (D) 1
MCQ 1.86 The right circular cone of largest volume that can be enclosed by a sphere
of 1 m radius has a height of
(A) 1/3 m (B) 2/3 m
(C) 2 2 m (D) 4/3 m

3

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dy 2 ln (x)
MCQ 1.87 If x2 + 2xy = and y (1) = 0 , then what is y (e) ?
dx x
(A) e (B) 1
(C) 1/e (D) 1/e2
MCQ 1.88 The line integral # V :dr of the vector V :(r) = 2xyzi + x2 zj + x2 yk from the
origin to the point P (1, 1, 1)
(A) is 1
(B) is zero
(C) is 1
(D) cannot be determined without specifying the path
MCQ 1.89 Starting from x 0 = 1, one step of Newton-Raphson method in solving the
equation x3 + 3x 7 = 0 gives the next value (x1) as
(A) x1 = 0.5 (B) x1 = 1.406
(C) x1 = 1.5 (D) x1 = 2
MCQ 1.90 A single die is thrown twice. What is the probability that the sum is neither
8 nor 9 ?
(A) 1/9 (B) 5/36
(C) 1/4 (D) 3/4
Common Data For Q. 91 and 92

The complete solution of the ordinary differential equation
d 2y dy
+ p + qy = 0 is y = c1 ex + c2 e3x
dx2 dx
MCQ 1.91 Then p and q are
(A) p = 3, q = 3 (B) p = 3, q = 4
(C) p = 4, q = 3 (D) p = 4, q = 4
MCQ 1.92 Which of the following is a solution of the differential equation

d 2y dy
2 + p dx + (q + 1) y = 0
dx
3x
(A) e (B) xex
(C) xe2x (D) x2 e2x
YEAR 2004 ONE MARK
dy
MCQ 1.93 If x = a ( + sin ) and y = a (1 cos ), then will be equal to
dx

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(A) sin b l (B) cos b l

2 2
(C) tan b l (D) cot b l
2 2
MCQ 1.94 The angle between two unit-magnitude coplanar vectors P (0.866, 0.500, 0)
and Q (0.259, 0.966, 0) will be
(A) 0c (B) 30c
(C) 45c (D) 60c
R1 2 3VW
S
MCQ 1.95 The sum of the eigen values of the matrix given below is S1 5 1W
SS3 1 1WW
T X
(A) 5 (B) 7
(C) 9 (D) 18
YEAR 2004 TWO MARKS
MCQ 1.96 From a pack of regular playing cards, two cards are drawn at random.
What is the probability that both cards will be Kings, if first card in NOT
replaced ?
(A) 1 (B) 1
26 52
(C) 1 (D) 1
169 221
0, for t < a
MCQ 1.97 A delayed unit step function is defined as U (t a) = * Its Laplace
transform is 1 , for t $ a
as
(A) aeas (B) e
s
as as
(C) e (D) e
s a
MCQ 1.98 The values of a function f (x) are tabulated below
x f (x)
0 1
1 2
2 1
3 10
Using Newtons forward difference formula, the cubic polynomial that can
be fitted to the above data, is
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(A) 2x3 + 7x2 6x + 2 (B) 2x3 7x2 + 6x 2

(C) x3 7x2 6x2 + 1 (D) 2x3 7x2 + 6x + 1
MCQ 1.99 The volume of an object expressed in spherical co-ordinates is given by

2 /3 1
V= #0 #0 #0 r2 sin drdd
The value of the integral is

(A) (B)
3 6
(C) 2 (D)
3 4
MCQ 1.100 For which value of x will the matrix given below become singular ?
R 8 x 0V
S W
= S 4 0 2W
SS12 6 0WW
(A) 4 T X (B) 6
(C) 8 (D) 12
YEAR 2003 ONE MARK

2
MCQ 1.101 lim sin x is equal to
x"0 x
(A) 0 (B) 3
(C) 1 (D) 1
MCQ 1.102 The accuracy of Simpsons rule quadrature for a step size h is
(A) O (h2) (B) O (h3)
(C) O (h 4) (D) O (h5)
4 1
For the matrix >
1 4H
MCQ 1.103 the eigen values are
(A) 3 and 3 (B) 3 and 5
(C) 3 and 5 (D) 5 and 0
YEAR 2003 TWO MARKS
MCQ 1.104 Consider the system of simultaneous equations

x + 2y + z = 6
2x + y + 2z = 6
x+y+z = 5

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This system has

(A) unique solution
(B) infinite number of solutions
(C) no solution
(D) exactly two solutions
MCQ 1.105 The area enclosed between the parabola y = x2 and the straight line y = x is
(A) 1/8 (B) 1/6
(C) 1/3 (D) 1/2
dy
MCQ 1.106 The solution of the differential equation + y2 = 0 is
dx
(B) y = x + c
3
(A) y = 1
x+c 3
(C) cex (D) unsolvable as equation is non-
linear
MCQ 1.107 The vector field is F = xi yj (where i and j are unit vector) is
(A) divergence free, but not irrotational
(B) irrotational, but not divergence free
(C) divergence free and irrotational
(D) neither divergence free nor irrational
MCQ 1.108 Laplace transform of the function sin t is

(A) 2 s 2 (B) 2 2
s + s +
(C) 2 s 2 (D) 2 2
s s
MCQ 1.109 A box contains 5 black and 5 red balls. Two balls are randomly picked one
after another form the box, without replacement. The probability for balls
being red is
(A) 1/90 (B) 1/2
(C) 19/90 (D) 2/9
YEAR 2002 ONE MARK
MCQ 1.110 Two dice are thrown. What is the probability that the sum of the numbers
on the two dice is eight?
(A) 5 (B) 5
36 18
(C) 1 (D) 1
4 3
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MCQ 1.111 Which of the following functions is not differentiable in the domain [ 1, 1] ?
(A) f (x) = x2 (B) f (x) = x 1
(C) f (x) = 2 (D) f (x) = maximum ( x, x )
MCQ 1.112 A regression model is used to express a variable Y as a function of another

variable X .This implies that
(A) there is a causal relationship between Y and X
(B) a value of X may be used to estimate a value of Y
(C) values of X exactly determine values of Y
(D) there is no causal relationship between Y and X
YEAR 2002 TWO MARKS
MCQ 1.113 The following set of equations has

3x + 2y + z = 4
xy+z = 2
2x + 2z = 5
(A) no solution (B) a unique solution
(C) multiple solutions (D) an inconsistency
MCQ 1.114 The function f (x, y) = 2x2 + 2xy y3 has

(A) only one stationary point at (0, 0)
(B) two stationary points at (0, 0) and b 1 , 1 l
6 3
(C) two stationary points at (0, 0) and (1, 1)
(D) no stationary point
MCQ 1.115 Manish has to travel from A to D changing buses at stops B and C enroute.
The maximum waiting time at either stop can be 8 min each but any time
of waiting up to 8 min is equally, likely at both places. He can afford up
to 13 min of total waiting time if he is to arrive at D on time. What is the
probability that Manish will arrive late at D ?
(A) 8 (B) 13
13 64
(C) 119 (D) 9
128 128
YEAR 2001 ONE MARK
MCQ 1.116 The divergence of vector i = xi + yj + zk is

(A) i + j + k (B) 3
(C) 0 (D) 1
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MCQ 1.117 Consider the system of equations given below

x+y = 2
2x + 2y = 5
This system has
(A) one solution (B) no solution
(C) infinite solutions (D) four solutions
MCQ 1.118 What is the derivative of f (x) = x at x = 0 ?

(A) 1 (B) 1
(C) 0 (D) Does not exist
MCQ 1.119 The Gauss divergence theorem relates certain

(A) surface integrals to volume integrals
(B) surface integrals to line integrals
(C) vector quantities to other vector quantities
(D) line integrals to volume integrals
YEAR 2001 TWO MARKS
The minimum point of the function f (x) = b x l x is at

3
MCQ 1.120
3
(A) x = 1 (B) x = 1
(C) x = 0 (D) x = 1
3
MCQ 1.121 The rank of a 3 # 3 matrix C (= AB), found by multiplying a non-zero
column matrix A of size 3 # 1 and a non-zero row matrix B of size 1 # 3 , is
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 2 (D) 3
MCQ 1.122 An unbiased coin is tossed three times. The probability that the head turns
up in exactly two cases is
(A) 1 (B) 1
9 8
(C) 2 (D) 3
3 8
**********

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SOLUTION
SOL 1.1 Option (A) is correct.

For y = x straight line and
y = x 2 parabola, curve is as given. The shaded
region is the area, which is bounded by the both curves (common area).
We solve given equation as follows to gett the intersection points :

In y = x2 putting y = x we have x = x2 or
x2 x = 0 & x (x 1) = 0 & x = 0, 1
Then from y = x , for x = 0 & y = 0 and x = 1 & y = 1
Curve y = x2 and y = x intersects at point (0, 0) and (1, 1)
So, the area bounded by both the curves is
x=1 y = x2 x=1 y = x2 x=1 x=1
A= # # dydx = # dx # dy = # dx6y @x2

x
= # (x 2
x) dx
x=0 y=x x=0 y=x x=0 x=0
3 2 1
= :x x D = 1 1 = 1 = 1 unit2 Area is never negative
3 2 0 3 2 6 6
SOL 1.2 Option (C) is correct.

Given f (x) = x (in 1 # x # 1)
For this function the plot is as given below.

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At x = 0 , function is continuous but not differentiable because.

For x > 0 and x < 0
f l (x) = 1 and f l (x) = 1
lim f l(x) = 1 and lim f l(x) = 1
x " 0+ x " 0
R.H.S lim = 1 and L.H.S lim = 1

Therefore it is not differentiable.
SOL 1.3 Option (B) is correct.

(1 cos x)
Let y = lim
x"0 x2
It forms : 0 D condition. Hence by L-Hospital rule
0
d
(1 cos x)
y = lim dx = lim sin x
d 2 x " 0 2x
dx (x )
x"0
Still these gives : 0 D condition, so again applying L-Hospital rule

0
d
(sin x)
y = lim dx
= lim cos x = cos 0 = 1
x"0 2 # dxd (x) x"0 2 2 2
SOL 1.4 Option (D) is correct.

We have f (x) = x3 + 1
f l(x) = 3x2 + 0
Putting f l(x) equal to zero
f l(x) = 0
3x2 + 0 = 0 & x = 0
Now f ll(x) = 6x
At x = 0, fll(0) = 6 # 0 = 0 Hence x = 0 is the point of inflection.

Given : x2 + y2 + z2 = 1
This is a equation of sphere with radius r = 1

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The unit normal vector at point c 1 , 1 , 0 m is OA

2 2
Hence OA = c 1 0 m i + c 1 0 m j + (0 0) k = 1 i + 1 j
2 2 2 2

First using the partial fraction :
A (s + 1) + Bs
F (s) = 1 =A+ B =
s (s + 1) s s + 1 s (s + 1)
1 (A + B) s A
= +
s (s + 1) s (s + 1) s (s + 1)
Comparing the coefficients both the sides,
(A + B) = 0 and A = 1, B = 1
So 1 =1 1
s (s + 1) s s + 1
F (t) = L1 [F (s)]
= L1 ; 1 E = L1 :1 1 D = L1 :1D L1 : 1 D
s (s + 1) s s+1 s s+1
= 1 et

5 3
A =>
3H
Given
1
For finding eigen values, we write the characteristic equation as
A I = 0
5 3
=0
1 3
& (5 ) (3 ) 3 = 0
2 8 + 12 = 0 & = 2, 6
Now from characteristic equation for eigen vector.
6A I @"x , = 60@
For = 2
52 3 X1 0
> H>
1 3 2 X2 H => H
0
3 3 X1 0
& >1 1H>X H = >0H
2
X1 + X 2 = 0 & X1 = X2
1
So eigen vector = * 4
1
Magnitude of eigen vector = (1) 2 + (1) 2 = 2
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R 1 V
S W
S
Normalized eigen vector = S
2W
1W
S W
2
T X
Given : No. of Red balls = 4
No. of Black ball = 6
3 balls are selected randomly one after another, without replacement.
1 red and 2 black balls are will be selected as following
Manners Probability for these sequence

R B B 4 6 5=1
10 # 9 # 8 6
B R B 6 4 5=1
10 # 9 # 8 6
B B R 6 5 4=1
10 # 9 # 8 6
Hence Total probability of selecting 1 red and 2 black ball is

P =1+1+1 = 3=1
6 6 6 6 2

d2y dy
We have x2 2 + x 4y = 0 ...(1)
dx dx
Let x = e then
z
z = log x
dz = 1
dx x
= b lb dz l = 1
dy dy dy
So, we get
dx dz dx x dz
dy
x = Dy where d = D
dx dz
d 2y 1 dy + 1 d dy dz
2 = dx b dx l = dx b x dz l = b l
Again d dy d 1 dy
dx x2 dz x dz dz dx
= 21 + 1 2 dz = 12 c 2 m
dy d 2y d 2 y dy
x dz x dz dx x dz dz
x2 d 2 y
= (D2 D) y = D (D 1) y
dx2
Now substitute in equation (i)
[D (D 1) + D 4] y = 0
(D2 4) y = 0 & D = ! 2
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So the required solution is y = C1 x2 + C2 x2 ...(ii)

From the given limits y (0) = 0 , equation (ii) gives
0 = C1 # 0 + C 2
C2 = 0
And from y (1) = 1, equation (ii) gives
1 = C1 + C 2
C1 = 1
Substitute C1 & C2 in equation (ii), the required solution be
y = x2

For given equation matrix form is as follows
R1 2 1V R4V
S W S W
A = S2 1 2W, B = S5W
SS1 1 1WW SS1WW
The augmented matrix Tis X T X
R1 2 1 : 4V
S W
8A : BB = S2 1 2 : 5W R2 " R2 2R1, R 3 " R 3 R1
SS1 1 1 : 1WW
TR1 2 1 : X4V
S W
+ S0 3 0 : 3W R 3 " R3 R2
SS0 3 0 : 3WW
RT1 2 1 : 4VX
S W
+ S0 3 0 : 3W R2 " R2 / 3
SS0 0 0 : 0WW
RT1 2 1 : 4V X
S W
+ S0 1 0 : 1W
SS0 0 0 : 0WW
T X
This gives rank of A, (A) = 2 and Rank of 8A : BB = 8A : BB = 2
Which is less than the number of unknowns (3)
6A@ = 8A : BB = 2 < 3
Hence, this gives infinite No. of solutions.

sin = + + ......
3 5 7
3 5 7

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Let y = lim sin

"0
d
(sin )
= lim d d = lim cos Applying L-Hospital rule
"0
d () "0 1
= cos 0 =1
1
SOL 1.13 Option (C) is correct

Let a square matrix
x y
A =>
y xH
We know that the characteristic equation for the eigen values is given by
A I = 0
x y
=0
y x
(x ) 2 y2 = 0
(x ) 2 = y2
x =! y & = x ! y
So, eigen values are real if matrix is real and symmetric.

Let, z1 = (1 + i), z2 = (2 5i)
z = z1 # z2 = (1 + i) (2 5i)
= 2 5i + 2i 5i2 = 2 3i + 5 = 7 3i i 2 = 1

For a function, whose limits bounded between a to a and a is a positive
real number. The solution is given by
2 # f (x) dx ;
a
=*
f (x) is even
#a f (x) dx
a
0
0 ; f (x) is odd

1 dx 3
Let, f (x) =
x #1
From this function we get a = 1, b = 3 and n = 3 1 = 2
So, h =ba = 31 = 1
n 2
We make the table from the given function y = f (x) = 1 as follows :
x

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x f (x) = y = 1
x
x=1 y1 = 1 = 1
1
x=2 y2 = 1 = 0.5
2
x=3 y 3 = 1 = 0.333
3
Applying the Simpsons 1/3 rd formula

#1 x1 dx = h3 6(y1 + y3) + 4y2@ = 13 6(1 + 0.333) + 4 # 0.5@
3
= 1 [1.333 + 2] = 3.333 = 1.111

3 3

dy
Given : = (1 + y2) x
dx
dy
= xdx
(1 + y2)
Integrating both the sides, we get
dy
# 1+ y2
= # xdx
2
y = tan b x + c l
2
tan1 y = x + c &
2 2

The probability of getting head p = 1
2
And the probability of getting tail q = 1 1 = 1
2 2
The probability of getting at least one head is
P (x $ 1) = 1 5C 0 (p) 5 (q) 0 = 1 1 # b 1 l b 1 l
5 0
2 2
= 1 15 = 31
2 32

Given system of equations are,
2x1 + x2 + x 3 = 0 ...(i)
x2 x 3 = 0 ...(ii)
x1 + x 2 = 0 ...(iii)
Adding the equation (i) and (ii) we have
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2x1 + 2x2 = 0
x1 + x 2 = 0 ...(iv)
We see that the equation (iii) and (iv) is same and they will meet at infinite
points. Hence this system of equations have infinite number of solutions.

The volume of a solid generated by revolution about x -axis bounded by the
function f (x) and limits between a to b is given by
b
V = #a y2 dx
Given y = x and a = 1, b = 2
( x ) 2 dx = # xdx = :x D = : 4 1 D = 3
2 2 2 2
Therefore, V = #1 1 2 1 2 2 2

d 3f f d 2f
Given: + =0
d3 2 d2
Order is determined by the order of the highest derivation present in it. So,
It is third order equation but it is a nonlinear equation because in linear
equation, the product of f with d 2 f/d2 is not allow.
Therefore, it is a third order non-linear ordinary differential equation.

Let I = # 33 1 dx
+ x2
= 6tan1 x @3
3
= [tan1 (+ 3) tan1 ( 3)]
= a k = tan1 ( ) = tan1 ()
2 2

Let, z = 3 + 4i
1 2i
Divide and multiply z by the conjugate of (1 2i) to convert it in the form
of a + bi we have
(3 + 4i) (1 + 2i)
z = 3 + 4i # 1 + 2i =
1 2i 1 + 2i (1) 2 (2i) 2
= 3 + 10i +2 8i = 3 + 10i 8
2
1 4i 1 ( 4)
= 5 + 10i = 1 + 2i
5
z = ( 1) 2 + (2) 2 = 5 a + ib = a2 + b2
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Z
]2 3x if x < 2
3
]
]
y = f (x) = [0 if x = 2
3
]
]] (2 3x) if x > 2
3
Checking the continuity\of the function.
At x = 2 , Lf (x) = lim f b 2 h l = lim 2 3 b 2 h l
3 h"0 3 h"0 3
= lim 2 2 + 3h = 0
h"0
and Rf (x) = lim f b 2 + h l = lim 3 b 2 + h l 2

h"0 3 h"0 3
= lim 2 + 3h 2 = 0
h"0
Since L lim f (x) = R lim f (x)

h"0 h"0
So, function is continuous 6 x ! R

Now checking the differentiability :
f ^ 23 h h f ^ 23 h 2 3 ^ 23 h h 0
Lf l (x) = lim = lim
h"0 h h"0 h
= lim 2 2 + 3h = lim 3h = 3
h"0 h h"0 h
f ^ 23 + h h f ^ 23 h
and Rf l (x) = lim
h"0 h
3 ^ 23 + h h 2 0
= lim = lim 2 + 3h 2 = 3
h"0 h h"0 h
Since Lf lb 2 l ! Rf lb 2 l, f (x) is not differentiable at x = 2 .
3 3 3

2 2
Let, A => H
1 3
And 1 and 2 are the eigen values of the matrix A.
The characteristic equation is written as
A I = 0
2 2 1 0
> H > H =0
1 3 0 1
2 2
=0 ...(i)
1 3
(2 ) (3 ) 2 = 0
2 5 + 4 = 0 & = 1 & 4
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Putting = 1 in equation (i),
21 2 x1 0 x1
> H>
1 3 1 x2H => H
0
where > H is eigen vector
x2
1 2 x1 0
>1 H>
2 x2H => H
0
x1 + 2x2 = 0 or x1 + 2x2 = 0
Let x2 = K
Then x1 + 2K = 0 & x1 = 2K
So, the eigen vector is
2K 2
> K H or > 1H
2
Since option A> H is in the same ratio of x1 and x2 . Therefore option (A)
1
is an eigen vector.

f (t) is the inverse Laplace
f (t) = L 1 ; 2 1
s (s + 1)E
So,
1 = A + B2 + C
s2 (s + 1) s s s+1
As (1 + s) + B (s + 1) + Cs2
=
s2 (s + 1)
s2 (A + C) + s (A + B) + B
=
s2 (s + 1)
Compare the coefficients of s2, s and constant terms and we get
A + C = 0 ; A + B = 0 and B = 1
Solving above equation, we get A = 1, B = 1 and C = 1
Thus f (t) = L 1 : 1 + 12 + 1 D
s s s+1
= 1 + t + et = t 1 + et L 1 : 1 D = eat
s+a

The box contains :
Number of washers = 2
Number of nuts = 3
Number of bolts = 4

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Total objects = 2 + 3 + 4 = 9
First two washers are drawn from the box which contain 9 items. So the
probability of drawing 2 washers is,
2
P1 = 9C2 == 1 = 7!2! = 2 = 1 n
Cn = 1
C2 9! 9 # 8 # 7! 9 # 8 36
7! 2!
After this box contains only 7 objects and then 3 nuts drawn from it. So the
probability of drawing 3 nuts from the remaining objects is,
3
P2 = 7C 3 = 1 = 4! 3! = 1
C3 7! 7 # 6 # 5 # 4! 35
4! 3!
After this box contain only 4 objects, probability of drawing 4 bolts from
the box,
4
P3 = 4C 4 = 1 = 1
C4 1
Therefore the required probability is,
P = P1 P2 P3 = 1 # 1 # 1 = 1
36 35 1260

Given : h = 60c 0 = 60c
h = 60 # = = 1.047 radians
180 3
From the table, we have
y 0 = 0 , y1 = 1066 , y2 = 323 , y 3 = 0 , y 4 = 323 , y5 = 355 and y6 = 0
From the Simpsons 1/3rd rule the flywheel Energy is,
E = h 6(y 0 + y6) + 4 (y1 + y 3 + y5) + 2 (y2 + y 4)@
3
Substitute the values, we get
E = 1.047 6(0 + 0) + 4 (1066 + 0 355) + 2 ( 323 + 323)@
3
= 1.047 64 # 711 + 2 (0)@ = 993 Nm rad (Joules/cycle)
3

3 4
M => H
5 5
Given : 3
x 5
And [M]T = [M] 1
We know that when 6A@ = 6A@ then it is called orthogonal matrix.

1
6M @T = I
6M @
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6M @T 6M @ = I
Substitute the values of M and M T , we get
> H.>x
3 3 4
x 1 0
H = >0 1H
5 5 5
4 3 3
5 5 5
R 3 3 V
S b # 3 l + x2 b 5 # 5 l + 5 xW
3 4
S 5 5 W = >1 0H
Sb 5 5l 5 b 5 # 5 l + b 5 # 5 lW
S 4 # 3 + 3x 4 4 3 3 W 0 1
T X
25 + x 25 + 5 x
9 2 12 3
1 0
>12 + 3 x 1H =>
0 1H
25 5
Comparing both sides a12 element,
12 + 3 x = 0 " x = 12 5 = 4
25 5 25 # 3 5

Let, V = 3xzi + 2xyj yz2 k
We know divergence vector field of V is given by (4: V)
So, 4: V = c 2 i + 2 j + 2 k m : ^3xzi + 2xyj yz2 k h

2x 2y 2z
4: V = 3z + 2x 2yz
At point P (1, 1, 1)
(4: V) P (1, 1, 1) = 3 # 1 + 2 # 1 2 # 1 # 1 = 3

Let f (s) = L 1 ; 2 1 E
s +s
First, take the function 2 1 and break it by the partial fraction,
s +s
Solve by
* 1 =A+ B 4
1 = 1 1
= 1
s2 + s s (s + 1) s (s + 1)
(s + 1) s s + 1
So, L 1 c 2 1 m = L 1 ;1 1 E = L 1 :1D L 1 : 1 D = 1 et
s +s s (s + 1) s s+1

Total number of cases = 23 = 8
& Possible cases when coins are tossed simultaneously.

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H H H
H H T
H T H
T H H
H T T
T H T
T T H
T T T
From these cases we can see that out of total 8 cases 7 cases contain at least
one head. So, the probability of come at least one head is = 7
8

Given : z = x + iy is a analytic function
f (z) = u (x, y) + iv (x, y)
u = xy ..(i)
Analytic function satisfies the Cauchy-Riemann equation.
2u = 2v and 2u =2v
2x 2y 2y 2x
So from equation (i),
2u = y & 2v = y
2x 2y
2u = x & 2v = x
2y 2x
Let v (x, y) be the conjugate function of u (x, y)
dv = 2v dx + 2v dy = ( x) dx + (y) dy
2x 2y
Integrating both the sides,
# dv = # xdx + # ydy
2
y2
v = x + + k = 1 (y2 x2) + k
2 2 2

dy
Given x + y = x4
dx
dy
dx b x l
+ 1 y = x3 ...(i)
dy
It is a single order differential equation. Compare this with + Py = Q
dx
and we get
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P =1 Q = x3
x
Its solution will be
y (I.F.) = # Q (I.F.) dx + C
# x1 dx
I.F. = e # Pdx = e = e log x = x
e
Complete solution is given by,

5
yx = # x3 # xdx + C = # x4 dx + C = x +C ...(ii)
5
and y (1) = 6 at x = 1 & y = 6 From equation (ii),
5 5
6 1 = 1+C & C = 61 = 1
5# 5 5 5
Then, from equation (ii), we get
5 4
yx = x + 1 & y = x + 1
5 5 x

The equation of circle with unit radius and centre at origin is given by,
x2 + y2 = 1
Finding the integration of (x + y) 2 on path AB traversed in counter-clockwise

sense So using the polar form
Let: x = cos , y = sin , and r = 1
So put the value of x and y and limits in first quadrant between 0 to /2 .
/2
Hence, I = #0 (cos + sin ) 2 d
/2
= #0 (cos2 + sin2 + 2 sin cos ) d
/2
= #0 (1 + sin 2) d
Integrating above equation, we get
= : cos 2 D = ;a cos k b 0 cos 0 lE
/2
2 0 2 2 2

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= b + 1 l b 1 l = + 1
2 2 2 2

The given equation of surface is
z2 = 1 + xy ...(i)
Let P (x, y, z) be the nearest point on the surface (i), then distance from the
origin is
d = (x 0) 2 + (y 0) 2 + (z 0) 2
d 2 = x2 + y2 + z2
z2 = d 2 x2 y2 ...(ii)
From equation (i) and (ii), we get
d 2 x2 y2 = 1 + xy
d 2 = x2 + y2 + xy + 1
Let f (x, y) = d 2 = x2 + y2 + xy + 1 ...(iii)
The f (x, y) be the maximum or minimum according to d 2 maximum or
minimum.
Differentiating equation (iii) w.r.t x and y respectively, we get
2f 2f
= 2x + y or = 2y + x
2x 2y
2f 2f
Applying maxima minima principle and putting and equal to zero,
2x 2y
2f 2f
= 2x + y = 0 or = 2y + x = 0
2x 2y
Solving these equations, we get x = 0 , y = 0
So, x = y = 0 is only one stationary point.
22 f
Now p = 2 =2
2x
22 f
q = =1
2x2y
22 f
r = =2
2y2
or pr q2 = 4 1 = 3 > 0 and r is positive.
So, f (x, y) = d 2 is minimum at (0, 0).
Hence minimum value of d 2 at (0, 0).
d 2 = x2 + y2 + xy + 1 = 1
d = 1 or f (x, y) = 1
So, the nearest point is
z2 = 1 + xy = 1 + 0
& z =! 1

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Given : y2 = 4x and x2 = 4y draw the curves from the given equations,
The shaded area shows the common area. Now finding the intersection
points of the curves.
y2 = 4x = 4 4y = 8 y x= 4y From second curve
Squaring both sides
y 4 = 8 # 8 # y & y (y3 64) = 0
y =4 & 0
Similarly put y = 0 in curve x2 = 4y
x2 = 4 # 0 = 0 & x = 0
And Put y =4
x2 = 4 # 4 = 16 x = 4
So, x = 4, 0
Therefore the intersection points of the curves are (0, 0) and (4, 4).
So the enclosed area is given by
#x
x2
A= (y1 y2) dx
1
Put y1 and y2 from the equation of curves y2 = 4x and x2 = 4y

2
A = # b 4x x l dx
4
0 4
x2
b 2 x 4 l dx = 2 # x dx 4
4 4 1 4
= #0 0
#0 x2 dx
Integrating the equation, we get
3 4
A = 2 :2 x3/2D 1 :x D
4
3 0
4 3 0
3
= 4 # 43/2 1 # 4 = 4 # 8 16 = 16
3 4 3 3 3 3

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The cumulative distribution function
Z0, x#a
]
]x a
f (x) = [ , a<x<b
ba
]]
0, x$b
\
and density function
1 , a#x#b
f (x) = *b a
0, a > x, x > b
/ xf (x) = a +2 b
b
Mean E (x) =
x=a
Variance = x2 f (x) x 2 = x2 f (x) 6xf (x)@2

Substitute the value of f (x)
b b 2
Variance = / x2 1 dx
ba /
) x b a dx 3
1
x=a x=a
b b 2
x3 >) x
2
== G
3 (b a) a 3
2 (b a) aH
(b2 a2) 2
= b a
3 3
3 (b a) 4 (b a) 2
(b a) (b2 + ab + a2) (b + a) 2 (b a) 2
=
3 (b a) 4 (b a) 2
4 (b2 + ab + a2) + 3 (a + b) 2 (b a) 2
= =
12 12
(b a) 2 (b a)
Standard deviation = Variance = =
12 12
Given : b = 1, a = 0
So, standard deviation = 1 0 = 1
12 12

Taylors series expansion of f (x) is given by,
(x a) (x a) 2 (x a) 3
f (x) = f (a) + f l (a) + f m (a) + f lll (a) + ....
1 2 3
f mm (a)
Then from this expansion the coefficient of (x a) 4 is
4
Given a =2
f (x) = ex
f l (x) = ex
f m (x) = ex
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f n (x) = ex
f mm (x) = ex
2
Hence, for a = 2 the coefficient of (x a) 4 is e
4

Given : xp + 3x = 0 and x (0) = 1
(D2 + 3) x = 0 D= d
dt
The auxiliary Equation is written as
m2 + 3 = 0
m =! 3 i = 0 ! 3i
Here the roots are imaginary
m1 = 0 and m2 = 3
Solution is given by
x = em t (A cos m2 t + B sin m2 t)
1
= e0 [A cos 3 t + B sin 3 t]
= [A cos 3 t + B sin 3 t] ...(i)

Given : x (0) = 1 at t = 0 , x = 1
Substituting in equation (i),
1 = [A cos 3 (0) + B sin 3 (0)]= A + 0
A =1
Differentiateing equation (i) w.r.t. t ,
xo = 3 [ A sin 3 t + B cos 3 t] ...(ii)
Given xo(0) = 0 at t = 0 , xo = 0
Substituting in equation (ii), we get
0 = 3 [ A sin 0 + B cos 0]
B =0
Substituting A & B in equation (i)
x = cos 3 t
x (1) = cos 3 = 0.99

f (x) = lim x 2
1/3
Let 0 form
x " 8 (x 8) 0
1
x2/3
= lim 3
Applying L-Hospital rule
x"8 1
Substitute the limits, we get

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f (x) = 1 (8) 2/3 = 1 (23) 2/3 = 1 = 1

3 3 4 # 3 12

In a coin probability of getting Head
p = 1 = No. of Possible cases
2 No. of Total cases
Probability of getting tail
q = 11 = 1
2 2
So the probability of getting Heads exactly three times, when coin is tossed
4 times is
P = 4C 3 (p) 3 (q) 1 = 4C 3 b 1 l b 1 l
3 1
2 2
= 4#1 #1 = 1
8 2 4

R1 2 4V
S W
Let, A = S3 0 6W
SS1 1 pWW
Let the eigen values of this matrix areT 1, 2 &X3
Here one values is given so let 1 = 3
We know that
Sum of eigen values of matrix= Sum of the diagonal element of matrix A
1 + 2 + 3 = 1 + 0 + p
2 + 3 = 1 + p 1 = 1 + p 3 = p 2

We know that the divergence is defined as 4:V
Let V = (x y) i + (y x) j + (x + y + z) k
And 4 = c 2 i + 2 j + 2 km
2x 2y 2z
So, 4:V = c 2 i + 2 j + 2 k m : 6(x y) i + (y x) j + (x + y + z) k @
2x 2y 2z
= 2 (x y) + 2 (y x) + 2 (x + y + z)
2x 2y 2z
= 1+1+1 = 3

Given :

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The equation of line in intercept form is given by

x +y =1 x +y =1
2 1 a b
x + 2y = 2 & x = 2 (1 y)
The limit of x is between 0 to x = 2 (1 y) and y is 0 to 1,
y=1 2 (1 y) y=1
x2 2 (1 y) ydy
Now ##p xydxdy = #y = 0 #x = 0 xydxdy = #y = 0 :2D
0
y=1 4 (1 y) 2
= #y = 0 y; 0E dy
2
y=1 y=1
= #y = 0 2y (1 + y2 2y) dy = #y = 0 2 (y + y3 2y2) dy
Again Integrating and substituting the limits, we get
y 2 y 4 2y 3 1
= 2; +
3 E0
##p xydxdy = 2 :1 + 1 2 0D
2 4 2 4 3
= 2:6 + 3 8D = 2 = 1
12 12 6

Direction derivative of a function f along a vector P is given by
a =grad f : a
a
2f 2f 2f
grad f = c
2z m
where i+ j+ k
2x 2y
f (x, y, z) = x2 + 2y2 + z , a = 3i 4j
3i 4j
a = grad (x2 + 2y2 + z) :
(3) 2 + ( 4) 2
(3i 4j) 6x 16y
= (2xi + 4yj + k) : =
25 5
At point P (1, 1, 2) the direction derivative is
a = 6 # 1 16 # 1 = 10 = 2
5 5

Given : 2x + 3y = 4

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x+y+z = 4
x + 2y z = a
It is a set of non-homogenous equation, so the augmented matrix of this
system is
R V
S2 3 0 : 4W
6A : B@ = S1 1 1 : 4W
SS1 2 1 : aWW
TR X V
S2 3 0 : 4W
+ 0 1 2 :
S 4W R 3 " R 3 + R2 , R2 " 2R2 R1
SS2 3 0 : 4 + aWW
TR V X
S2 3 0 : 4W
+ S0 1 2 : 4W R 3 " R 3 R1
SS0 0 0 : aWW
T X
So, for a unique solution of the system of equations, it must have the condition
[A: B] = [A]
So, when putting a = 0
We get [A: B] = [A]

Here we check all the four options for unbounded condition.
#0 tan xdx = 8log sec x B0/4 = 9log sec 4 log sec 0 C
/4
(A)
= log 2 log 1 = log 2

(B) #0 3 x2 1+ 1 dx = 6tan1 x @3 = tan1 3 tan1 (0) = 0 =
0 2 2
(C) #0 3xex dx
3 3
Let I = #0 xe
3 x
dx = x #e x
dx # :dxd (x) # e x
dx D dx
0 0
3
= 6 xe @ + x 3
0 #e x
dx = 6 xex ex@3
0
= 6 ex (x + 1)@3
0
0
= [0 1] = 1
#0 1 1 x dx = #0 x 1 1 dx =6log (x 1)@10 6log 0 log ( 1)@
1 1
(D)
Both log 0 and log (1) undefined so it is unbounded.

Let I= # f (z) dz and f (z) = cos z
z
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Then I = cos z dz
# cosz z dz = #
z0
...(i)
Given that z = 1 for unit circle. From the Cauchy Integral formula
# zf(z)a dz = 2i f (a) ...(ii)

Compare equation (i) and (ii), we can say that,
a = 0 and f (z) = cos z
Or, f (a) = f (0) = cos 0 = 1
Now from equation (ii) we get
# zf(z)0 dz = 2i # 1 = 2i a=0

Given y = 2 x3/2 ...(i)
3
dy 2
#x ) b dx l + 1 3 dx
x2
We know that the length of curve is given by ...(ii)
1
Differentiate equation(i) w.r.t. x

dy
= 2 # 3 x 2 1 = x1/2 = x
3
dx 3 2
dy
Substitute the limit x1 = 0 to x2 = 1 and in equation (ii), we get
dx
_ ( x ) 2 + 1 i dx =
1 1
L = #0 #0 x + 1 dx
1
= :2 (x + 1) 3/2D = 1.22
3 0

1 2
A =>
0 2H
Let 1 and 2 is the eigen values of the matrix.
For eigen values characteristic matrix is,
A I = 0
1 2 1 0
>0 2H >
0 1H
=0
(1 ) 2
=0 ...(i)
0 (2 )
(1 ) (2 ) = 0 & = 1 & 2
So, Eigen vector corresponding to the = 1 is,
0 2 1
>0 1H>a H = 0
2a + a = 0 & a = 0

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Again for = 2
1 2 1
> 0 0H>b H = 0
1 + 2b = 0 b=1
2
Then sum of a &b & a + b = 0 + 1 = 1
2 2

Given f (x, y) = yx
First partially differentiate the function w.r.t. y
2f
= xyx 1
2y
Again differentiate. it w.r.t. x
22 f
= yx 1 (1) + x ^yx 1 log y h = yx 1 ^x log y + 1h
2x2y
At : x = 2, y = 1
22 f
= (1) 2 1 (2 log 1 + 1) = 1 (2 # 0 + 1) = 1
2x2y

Given : y m + 2yl + y = 0
(D + 2D + 1) y = 0
2
where D = d/dx
The auxiliary equation is
m2 + 2m + 1 = 0
(m + 1) 2 = 0 , m = 1, 1
The roots of auxiliary equation are equal and hence the general solution of
the given differential equation is,
y = (C1 + C2 x) em x = (C1 + C2 x) ex
1
..(i)
Given y (0) = 0 at x = 0, & y = 0
Substitute in equation (i), we get
0 = (C1 + C2 # 0) e0
0 = C1 # 1 & C1 = 0
Again y (1) = 0 , at x = 1 & y = 0
0 = [C1 + C2 # (1)] e1 = [C1 + C2] 1
e
C1 + C 2 = 0 & C 2 = 0
Substitute C1 and C2 in equation (i), we get
y = (0 + 0x) ex = 0
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And y (0.5) = 0

Given : y = x2 ...(i)
and interval [1, 5]
At x=1 &y =1
And at x=5 y = (5) 2 = 25
Here the interval is bounded between 1 and 5
So, the minimum value at this interval is 1.
SOL 1.55 Option (A) is correct

Let square matrix
x y
A =>
y xH
The characteristic equation for the eigen values is given by
A I = 0
x y
=0
y x
(x ) 2 y2 = 0
(x ) 2 = y2
x =! y
= x!y
So, eigen values are real if matrix is real and symmetric.

The Cauchy-Reimann equation, the necessary condition for a function f (z)
to be analytic is
2 2
=
2x 2y
2 2 2 2 2 2
= when , , , exist.
2y 2x 2x 2y 2y 2x

2 2 2 2 2 2
Given : + 2 + + =0
2x 2 2y 2x 2y
Order is determined by the order of the highest derivative present in it.
Degree is determined by the degree of the highest order derivative present in
it after the differential equation is cleared of radicals and fractions.
So, degree = 1 and order = 2
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Given y = x+ x+ x + x + .......3 ...(i)
yx = x+ x + x + ....3
Squaring both the sides,
(y x) 2 = x + x + x + ......3
(y x) 2 = y From equation (i)
y2 + x2 2xy = y ...(ii)
We have to find y (2), put x = 2 in equation (ii),
y2 + 4 4y = y
y2 5y + 4 = 0
(y 4) (y 1) = 0
y = 1, 4
From Equation (i) we see that
For y (2) y = 2+ 2+ 2 + 2 + .....3 > 2
Therefore, y =4
Vector area of TABC ,

A = 1 BC # BA = 1 (c b) # (a b)
2 2
= 1 [c # a c # b b # a + b # b]
2
= 1 [c # a + b # c + a # b]
2
b # b = 0 and c # b = (b # c)
= 1 [(a b) # (a c)]
2

dy dy
Given : = y2 or 2 = dx
dx y
Integrating both the sides

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# dy
y2
= # dx
1 = x + C ...(i)
y
Given y (0) = 1 at x=0 &y=1
Put in equation (i) for the value of C
1 = 0 + C &C = 1
1
From equation (i),
1 = x 1
y
y = 1
x1
For this value of y , x 1 ! 0 or x ! 1
And x < 1 or x > 1

# f (t) dt and (0) = 0 then l (t) = f (t)
t
Let (t) =
0
We know the formula of Laplace transforms of l (t) is

L 6l (t)@ = sL 6 ^ t h@ (0) = sL 6 (t)@ (0) = 0
L 6 (t)@ = 1 L 6l (t)@
s
Substitute the values of (t) and l (t), we get
L ; f (t) dtE = 1 L 6f (t)@
#
t
0 s
# f (t) dtE = s1 F (s)

t
or L;
0

From the Trapezoidal Method
#a f (x) dx = h2 6f (x0) + 2f (x1) + 2f (x2) .....2f (xn 1) + f (xn)@
b
...(i)
Interval h = 2 0 =
8 4
2
Find #0 sin xdx Here f (x) = sin x
Table for the interval of /4 is as follows
Angle 0 3 5 3 7 2
4 2 4 4 2 4
f (x) = sin x 0 0.707 1 0.707 0 0.707 1 0.707 0

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Now from equation(i),

#0 sin xdx = 8 [0 + 2 (0.707 + 1 + 0.707 + 0 0.707 1 0.0707 + 0)]
2
= #0 = 0
8

The X and Y be two independent random variables.
So, E (XY) = E (X) E (Y) (i)
& covariance is defined as
Cov (X, Y) = E (XY) E (X) E (Y)
= E (X) E (Y) E (X) E (Y) From eqn. (i)
=0
For two independent random variables
Var (X + Y) = Var (X) + Var (Y)
and E (X 2 Y 2) = E (X 2) E (Y 2)
So, option (D) is incorrect.

ex b1 + x + x l
2
2 0 form
Let, f (x) = lim
x"0 x 3 0
e (1 + x)
x
0 form
= lim
x"0 3x2 0
= lim e 1
x
0 form
x " 0 6x 0
x 0
= lim e = e = 1
x"0 6 6 6

2 1
Let, A => H
0 2
Let is the eigen value of the given matrix then characteristic matrix is
1 0
A I = 0 Here I = > H = Identity matrix
0 1
2 1
=0
0 2
(2 ) 2 = 0
= 2, 2
So, only one eigen vector.

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Column I
P. Gauss-Seidel method 4. Linear algebraic equation
Q. Forward Newton-Gauss method 1. Interpolation
R. Runge-Kutta method 2. Non-linear differential equation
S. Trapezoidal Rule 3. Numerical integration
So, correct pairs are, P-4, Q-1, R-2, S-3

dy
+ 2xy = ex and y (0) = 1
2
Given :
dx
It is the first order linear differential equation so its solution is
y (I.F.) = # Q (I.F.) dx + C
compare with
# Pdx # 2xdx
So, I. F . = e =e dy
x2 + P (y) = Q
= e2 # xdx = e2 # 2 = ex
2
dx
The complete solution is,
# ex # ex dx + C
2 2 2
yex =
= # dx + C = x + C
y = x +x2 c ...(i)
e
Given y (0) = 1
At x =0 &y=1
1 =C &C=1
1
y = x +x2 1 = (x + 1) ex
2
Then
e

The incorrect statement is, S = {x : x ! A and x ! B} represents the union
of setA and set B .
The above symbol (!) denotes intersection of set A and set B . Therefore
this statement is incorrect.

Total number of items = 100

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Number of defective items = 20

Number of Non-defective items = 80
Then the probability that both items are defective, when 2 items are selected
at random is,
80
20! 20 # 19
20
P = 100C 2 C 0
= 18 ! 2 ! = 2 = 19
C2 100! 100 # 99 495
98!2! 2
Alternate Method :
Here two items are selected without replacement.
Probability of first item being defective is
P1 = 20 = 1
100 5
After drawing one defective item from box, there are 19 defective items in
the 99 remaining items.
Probability that second item is defective,
P2 = 19
899
then probability that both are defective
P = P1 # P2 = 1 # 19 = 19
5 99 495

3 2
Given : S => H
2 3
Eigen values of this matrix is 5 and 1. We can say 1 = 1 2 = 5
Then the eigen value of the matrix
S 2 = S S is 12 , 22
Because. if 1, 2, 3 .... are the eigen values of A, then eigen value of Am are
1m, m2 , m3 ....
Hence matrix S 2 has eigen values (1) 2 and (5) 2 & 1 and 25

Given f (x) = (x 8) 2/3 + 1
The equation of line normal to the function is
(y y1) = m2 (x x1) ...(i)
Slope of tangent at point (0, 5) is
m1 = f l (x) = :2 (x 8) 1/3D
3 (0, 5)
m1 = f l (x) = 2 ( 8) 1/3 = 2 (23) 3 = 1

1
3 3 3

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We know the slope of two perpendicular curves is 1.

m1 m2 = 1
m2 = 1 = 1 = 3
m1 1/3
The equation of line, from equation (i) is
(y 5) = 3 (x 0)
y = 3x + 5

/3 it /3 i/3 0
Let f (x) = #0 eit dt = :e D & e e
i 0 i i
= 1 6e 3 i 1@ = 1 9cos + i sin 1C

i i 3 3
= 1 ;1 + i 3 1E = 1 ; 1 + 3 iE
i 2 2 i 2 2
= 1 # i ; 1 + 3 iE = i ; 1 + 3 iE i2 = 1
i i 2 2 2 2
= i ; 1 3 iE = 1 i 3 i 2 = 3 + 1 i
2 2 2 2 2 2

f (x) = 2x2 7x + 3
2
Given
5x 12x 9
lim f (x) = lim 2x2 7x + 3

2
Then
x"3 x " 3 5x 12x 9
= lim 4x 7 Applying L Hospital rule

x " 3 10x 12
Substitute the limit, we get

lim f (x) = 4 # 3 7 = 12 7 = 5
x"3 10 # 3 12 30 12 18

(P) Singular Matrix " Determinant is zero A = 0
(Q) Non-square matrix " An m # n matrix for which m ! n , is called non-
square matrix. Its determinant is not defined
(R) Real Symmetric Matrix " Eigen values are always real.
(S) Orthogonal Matrix " A square matrix A is said to be orthogonal if
AAT = I
Its determinant is always one.

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d 2y dy
2 + 4 dx + 3y = 3e
2x
Given :
dx
[D2 + 4D + 3] y = 3e2x d =D
dx
The auxiliary Equation is,
m2 + 4m + 3 = 0 & m = 1, 3
Then C.F. = C1 ex + C2 e3x
2x
P.I. = 2 3e = 3e2x Put D = 2
D + 4D + 3 (D + 1) (D + 3)
= 3e2x 2x
= 3e = e
2x
(2 + 1) (2 + 3) 3 # 5 5

Given EF = G where G = I = Identity matrix
Rcos sin 0VW R1 0 0VW
S S
S sin cos 0W # F = S0 1 0W
SS 0 0 1WW SS0 0 1WW
T X T X
We know that the multiplication of a matrix and its inverse be a identity
matrix
AA1 = I
So, we can say that F is the inverse matrix of E
[adj.E]
F = E 1 =
E
Rcos (sin ) 0VT R cos sin 0V
S W S W
adjE = S sin cos 0W = S sin cos 0W
SS 0 0 1WW SS 0 0 1WW
T X T X
E = 6cos # (cos 0)@ 8^ sin h # ^sin 0hB + 0
= cos2 + sin2 = 1
R cos sin 0V
6adj . E @ S W
Hence, F = = S sin cos 0W
E SS 0 0 1WW
T X
The probability density function is,
1+t for 1 # t # 0
f (t) = )
1t for 0 # t # 1
For standard deviation first we have to find the mean and variance of the
function.
0 1
Mean (t ) = #13t f (t) dt = #1 t (1 + t) dt + #0 t (1 t) dt
0 1
= #1 (t + t2) dt + #0 (t t2) dt
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2 3 0 2 3 1
= :t + t D + :t t D = : 1 + 1 D + :1 1 D = 0
2 3 1 2 3 0 2 3 2 3
And variance ^2h = # 33 (t t ) 2 f (t) dt t=0
0 1
= #1 t2 (1 + t) dt + #0 t2 (1 t) dt
0 1
= #1 (t2 + t3) dt + #0 (t2 t3) dt
3 4 0 3 4 1
= :t + t D + :t t D
3 4 1 3 4 0
=: 1 + 1 D + :1 1 0D = 1 + 1 = 1
3 4 3 4 12 12 6
Now, standard deviation
(2) s = 1 = 1
6 6

The Stokes theorem is,
#C F : dr = ##S (4 # F) : ndS = ##S (Curl F) : dS
Here we can see that the line integral # F : dr and surface integral
C
## (Curl F) : ds is related to the stokes theorem.
S

Let, P = defective items
Q = non-defective items
10% items are defective, then probability of defective items
P = 0.1
Probability of non-defective item
Q = 1 0.1 = 0.9
The Probability that exactly 2 of the chosen items are defective is
= 10 C2 (P) 2 (Q) 8 = 10! (0.1) 2 (0.9) 8
8! 2!
= 45 # (0.1) 2 # (0.9) 8 = 0.1937

#a (sin6 x + sin7 x) dx
a
Let f (x) =
#a sin6 xdx + #a sin7 xdx

a a
=
We know that

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0 when f ( x) = f (x); odd function

#a f (x) dx =* a
a
2 # f (x) when f ( x) = f (x); even function

0
Now, here sin6 x is an even function and sin7 x is an odd function. Then,
f (x) = 2 # sin6 xdx + 0 = 2 # sin6 xdx
a a
0 0

We know, from the Echelon form the rank of any matrix is equal to the
Number of non zero rows.
Here order of matrix is 3 # 4 , then, we can say that the Highest possible
rank of this matrix is 3.

8 2
Given I = #0 #/4 f (x, y) dydx
We can draw the graph from the limits of the integration, the limit of y is
from y = x to y = 2 . For x the limit is x = 0 to x = 8
4
Here we change the order of the integration. The limit of x is 0 to 8 but we

have to find the limits in the form of y then x = 0 to x = 4y and limit of y
is 0 to 2
8 2 2 4y q
#0 #x/4 f (x, y) dydx #0 #0 #r #p
s
So = f (x, y) dxdy = f (x, y) dxdy
Comparing the limits and get
r = 0 , s = 2 , p = 0 , q = 4y

R V
S5 0 0 0W
S0 5 0 0W
A =S
1WW
Let,
S0 0 2
S0 0 3 1W
T X
The characteristic equation for eigen values is given by,
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A I = 0
5 0 0 0
0 5 0 0
A= =0
0 0 2 1
0 0 3 1
Solving this, we get
(5 ) (5 ) [(2 ) (1 ) 3] = 0
(5 ) 2 [2 3 + 2 3] = 0
(5 ) 2 (2 3 1) = 0
So, (5 ) 2 = 0 & = 5 , 5 and 2 3 1 = 0
( 3) ! 9 + 4
= = 3 + 13 , 3 13
2 2 2
The eigen values are = 5 , 5, 3 + 13 , 3 13
2 2
R V
Sx1W
Sx2W
Let X1 = S W
Sx 3W
Sx 4W
T X
be the eigen vector for the eigen value = 5
Then, (A I ) X1 = 0
(A 5I ) X1 = 0
R VR V
S0 0 0 0WSx1W
S0 0 0 0WSx2W
S0 =0
S 0 3 1WWSSx 3WW
S0 0 3 4WSx 4W
T XT X
or 3x 3 + x 4 = 0
3x 3 4x 4 = 0
This implies that x 3 = 0 , x 4 = 0
Let x1 = k1 and x2 = k2
R V
Sk1W
Sk2W
So, eigen vector, X1 = S W where k1 , k2 R
S0W
S0W
T X
Given : x+y = 2 ...(i)
1.01x + 0.99y = b , db = 1 unit ...(ii)
We have to find the change in x in the solution of the system. So reduce y

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From the equation (i) and (ii).

Multiply equation (i) by 0.99 and subtract from equation (ii)
1.01x + 0.99y (0.99x + 0.99y) = b 1.98
1.01x 0.99x = b 1.98
0.02x = b 1.98
Differentiating both the sides, we get
0.02dx = db
dx = 1 = 50 unit db = 1
0.02

Given, x (u, v) = uv
dx = v , dx = u
du dv
And y (u, v) = v
u
2y 2y
= v2 =1
2u u 2v u
We know that,
R2x 2x VW
S
2u 2v W
(u, v) = S2y 2y W
S
S2u 2v W
T X
v u
(u, v) = > 2v 1 H = v # 1 u # v = v + v = 2v
a u2 k
u u u u u u
Given : Radius of sphere r = 1

Let, Radius of cone = R
Height of the cone = H
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Finding the relation between the volume and Height of the cone
From OBD , OB 2 = OD 2 + BD 2
1 = (H 1) 2 + R2 = H 2 + 1 2H + R2
R2 + H 2 2H = 0
R2 = 2H H 2 ...(i)
Volume of the cone, V = 1 R 2 H
3
2
Substitute the value of R from equation (i), we get
V = 1 (2H H 2) H = 1 (2H 2 H 3)
3 3
Differentiate V w.r.t to H
dV = 1 [4H 3H 2]
dH 3
Again differentiate d 2 V = 1 [4 6H]

dH 2 3
For minimum and maximum value, using the principal of minima and
maxima.
Put dV = 0
dH
1 [4H 3H 2] = 0
3
H [4 3H] = 0 & H = 0 and H = 4
3
At H = 4 , d 2 V = 1 4 6 4 = 1 [4 8] = 4 < 0 (Maxima)
3 dH 2 3 : # 3D 3 3
2
And at H = 0 , d V2 = 1 [4 0] = 4 > 0 (Minima)
dH 3 3
So, for the largest volume of cone, the value of H should be 4/3

dy 2 ln (x)
Given : x2 + 2xy =
dx x
dy 2y 2 ln (x)
+ =
dx x x3
dy
Comparing this equation with the differential equation + P (y) = Q we
dx
2 ln (x)
have P = 2 and Q =
x x3
The integrating factor is,
2
I.F.= e # Pdx = e # x dx
e2 lnx = e lnx = x2
2

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Complete solution is written as,

y (I.F.) = # Q (I.F.) dx + C
x
y (x2) = # 2 ln
x3
# x dx + C
2
= 2 # ln x # 1 dx + C
x
...(i)
(II) (I)
Integrating the value # ln x # x1 dx Separately
Let, I = # ln x # x1 dx ...(ii)
(I) (II)
= ln x # 1 dx
x # &dx
d (ln x)
# # x dx 0 dx
1
= ln x ln x # x1 # ln xdx From equation(ii)

1 444 2
I
444 3
2I = (ln x) 2
(ln x) 2
or I = ...(iii)
2
Substitute the value from equation (iii) in equation (i),
2 (ln x) 2
y (x2) = +C
2
x2 y = (ln x) 2 + C ...(iv)
Given y (1) = 0 , means at x = 1 &y = 0
then 0 = (ln 1) 2 + C & C = 0

So from equation (iv), we get
x2 y = (ln x) 2
(ln e) 2
Now at x = e , y (e) = 2 = 12
e e

Potential function of v = x2 yz at P (1, 1, 1) is = 12 # 1 # 1 = 1 and at origin
O (0, 0, 0) is 0.
Thus the integral of vector function from origin to the point (1, 1, 1) is
= 6x2 yz @ P 6x2 yz @O
= 10 = 1

Let, f (x) = x3 + 3x 7
From the Newton Rapsons method
f (xn)
xn + 1 = xn ...(i)
f l (xn)

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We have to find the value of x1 , so put n = 0 in equation (i),

f (x 0)
x1 = x 0
f l (x 0)
f (x) = x3 + 3x 7
f (x 0)= 13 + 3 # 1 7 = 1 + 3 7 = 3 x0 = 1
f l (x) = 3x2 + 3
f l (x 0)= 3 # (1) 2 + 3 = 6
( 3)
Then, x1 = 1 = 1 + 3 = 1 + 1 = 3 = 1.5
6 6 2 2

We know a die has 6 faces and 6 numbers so the total number of ways
= 6 # 6 = 36
And total ways in which sum is either 8 or 9 is 9, i.e.
(2, 6), (3, 6) (3, 5) (4, 4) (4, 5) (5, 4) (5, 3) (6, 2) (6, 3)
Total number of tosses when both the 8 or 9 numbers are not come
= 36 9 = 27
Then probability of not coming sum 8 or 9 is, = 27 = 3
36 4

d 2y dy
Given : 2 + p dx + qy = 0
dx
The solution of this equation is given by,
y = c1 emx + c2 enx ...(i)
Here m & n are the roots of ordinary differential equation
Given solution is, y = c1 ex + c2 e3x ...(ii)
Comparing equation (i) and (ii), we get m = 1 and n = 3
Sum of roots, m + n = p
1 3 = p & p = 4
and product of roots, mn = q
( 1) ( 3) = q & q = 3

d 2y dy
Given : 2 + p dx + (q + 1) y = 0
dx
[D2 + pD + (q + 1)] y = 0 d =D
dx
From the previous question, put p = 4 and m = 3
[D2 + 4D + 4] y = 0 ...(i)
The auxilliary equation of equation (i) is written as
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m2 + 4m + 4 = 0 & m = 2, 2
Here the roots of auxiliary equation are same then the solution is
Let c1 = 0
y = (c1 + c2 x) emx = xe2x e o
c2 = 1
Given : x = a ( + sin ), y = a (1 cos )
First differentiate x w.r.t. ,
dx = a [1 + cos ]
d
And differentiate y w.r.t.
dy
= a [0 ( sin )] = a sin
d
We know,
dy
=
dy d = dy/d
dx d # dx dx/d
dy
Substitute the values of and dx
d d
dy 1 sin 2 sin cos
= a sin # = = 2 2
dx a [1 + cos ] 1 + cos 2 cos 2
2
sin
= 2 = tan cos + 1 = 2 cos2
cos 2 2
2
Given : P (0.866, 0.500, 0), so we can write
P = 0.866i + 0.5j + 0k
Q = (0.259, 0.966, 0), so we can write
Q = 0.259i + 0.966j + 0k
For the coplanar vectors
P : Q = P Q cos
P:Q
cos =
P Q
P : Q = (0.866i + 0.5j + 0k) : (0.259i + 0.966j + 0k)
= 0.866 # 0.259 + 0.5 # 0.966
So, cos = 0.866 # 0.259 + 0.5 # 0.966

(0.866) 2 + (0.5) 2 + (0.259) 2 + (0.966) 2
= 0.22429 + 0.483 = 0.70729 = 0.707
0.99 # 1.001 0.99 # 1.001
= cos1 (0.707) = 45c

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R1 2 3V
S W
Let A = S1 5 1W
SS3 1 1WW
T X
We know that the sum of the eigen value of a matrix is equal to the sum of
the diagonal elements of the matrix
So, the sum of eigen values is,
1+5+1 = 7

Given : Total number of cards = 52 and two cards are drawn at random.
Number of kings in playing cards = 4
So the probability that both cards will be king is given by,
4 3 n
P = 52C1 # 51C1 = 4 # 3 = 1 n
Cr =
C1 C1 52 51 221 r nr

0, for t < a
Given : U (t a) = *
1, for t $ a
From the definition of Laplace Transform
L [F (t)] = #0 3est f (t) dt

L 6U (t a)@ = #0 3est U (t a) dt
#0 #a 3est (1) dt = 0 + #a 3est dt
a st
= e (0) +
st 3 as as
L 6U (t a)@ = :e D = 0 :e D = e
s a s s

First we have to make the table from the given data
Take x 0 = 0 and h = 1
Then P = x x0 = x
h

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From Newtons forward Formula

P (P 1) 2 P (P 1) (P 2) 3
f (x) = f (x 0) + P f (0) + f (0) + f (0)
1 2 3
x (x 1) 2 x (x 1) (x 2) 3
= f (0) + xf (0) + f (0) + f (0)
2 6
x (x 1) x (x 1) (x 2)
= 1 + x (1) + ( 2) + (12)
2 6
= 1 + x x (x 1) + 2x (x 1) (x 2)
f (x) = 2x3 7x2 + 6x + 1

2 /3 1
Given : V = #0 #0 #0 r2 sin drdd
First integrating the term of r , we get

/3 /3
2 r3 1 sin dd = 2
:3D
1 sin dd
V = #0 #0 0
#0 #0 3
Integrating the term of , we have
2
V =1 #0 6 cos @0 d
/3
3
= 1
2 1 2 1
3 #0 9cos 3 cos 0C d = 3 #0 :2 1D d
2 2
= 1
3 #0 b 12 ld = 13 # b 12 l #0 d
Now, integrating the term of , we have
V = 1 6@ 20 = 1 [2 0] =
6 6 3

R8 x 0VW
S
Let, A =S 4 0 2W
SS12 6 0WW
T X
For singularity of the matrix A = 0
8 x 0
4 0 2 =0
12 6 0
8 [0 2 # 6] x [0 24] + 0 [24 0] = 0
8 # ( 12) + 24x = 0
96 + 24x = 0 & x = 96 = 4
24

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SOL 1.101 Option (A) is correct

2 2
Let, f (x) = lim sin x = lim sin x # x
x"0 x x"0 x x
= lim b sin x l # x
2
lim sin x = 1
x"0 x x"0 x
= (1) 2 # 0 = 0
Alternative :
2
Let f (x) = lim sin x 0
: 0 formD
x"0 x
f (x) = lim 2 sin x cos x Apply L-Hospital rule
x"0 1
= lim sin 2x = sin 0 = 0
x"0 1 1

Accuracy of Simpsons rule quadrature is O (h5)

4 1
A =>
1 4H
Let,
The characteristic equation for the eigen value is given by,
1 0
I = Identity matrix >
0 1H
A I = 0
4 1 1 0
>1 4H >0 1H = 0
4 1
=0
1 4
(4 ) (4 ) 1 = 0
(4 ) 2 1 = 0
2 8 + 15 = 0
Solving above equation, we get
= 5, 3

Given : x + 2y + z = 6
2x + y + 2z = 6
x+y+z = 5
Comparing to Ax = B ,we get

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R1 2 1V R6V
S W S W
A = S2 1 2W, B = S6W
SS1 1 1WW SS5WW
T X T X
Write the system of simultaneous equations in the form of Augmented
matrix,
R1 2 1 : 6V
S W
6A: B@ = S2 1 2 : 6W R2 " R2 2R1 and R 3 " 2R 3 R2
SS1 1 1 : 5WW
TR1 2 1 : X6V
S W
+ S0 3 0 : 6W R 3 " 3R 3 + R2
SS0 1 0 : 4WW
RT1 2 1 : 6VX
S W
+ S0 3 0 : 6W
SS0 0 0 : 6WW
T X
It is a echelon form of matrix.
Since 6A@ = 2 and 5A: B? = 3
[A] ! [A: B ]
So, the system has no solution and system is inconsistent.

Given : y = x2 and y = x .
The shaded area shows the area, which is bounded by the both curves.
Solving given equation, we get the intersection points as,

In y = x2 putting y = x we have x = x2 or x2 x = 0 which gives x = 0, 1
Then from y = x we can see that curve y = x2 and y = x intersects at point
(0, 0) and (1, 1). So, the area bounded by both the curves is
x=1 y = x2 x=1 y = x2 x=1
A= # # dydx = # dx # dy = # dx6y @
x2
x
x=0 y=x x=0 y=x x=0

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x=1
3 2 1
= # (x 2
x) = :x x D = 1 1 = 1 = 1 unit2
3 2 0 3 2 6 6
x=0
Area is never negative

dy
+ y2 = 0
dx
dy
= y2
dx
dy
2 = dx
y
Integrating both the sides, we have
dy
# 2 = # dx
y
y1 = x + c & y = 1
x+c

Given : F = xi yj
First Check divergency, for divergence,
Grade F = 4:F = ; 2 i + 2 j + 2 k E:6xi yj @ = 1 1 = 0
2x 2y 2z
So we can say that F is divergence free.
Now checking the irrationalit;. For irritation the curl F = 0
Curl F = 4# F = ; 2 i + 2 j + 2 k E # [xi yj]
2x 2y 2z
R V
S i j k W
=S 2 2 2 W = i [0 0] j [0 0] + k [0 0] = 0
S2x 2y 2z W
S x y 0 W
T X
So, vector field is irrotational. We can say that the vector field is divergence
free and irrotational.

Let f (t) = sin t
From the definition of Laplace transformation
L [F (t)] = #0 3est f (t) dt = #0 3est sin tdt
it
eit dt
= #0 3est b e 2i l

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it it
sin t = e e = 1 # (est eit est eit) dt
3
2i 2i 0
= 1 # 6e( s + i) t e (s + i) t@ dt
3
2i 0
Integrating above equation, we get
( s + i) t (s + i) t 3
sin t = 1 = e e
2i s + i (s + i)G
0
( s + i) t (s + i) t 3
= 1 =e +e
2i s + i (s + i)G
0
Substitute the limits, we get
0
sin t = 1 =0 + 0 e e0
( s + i) s + i oG
+ e
2i
= 1 ; s + i + i s E
2i ( s + i) (s + i)
= 1 # 2i = = 2 2
2i (i) 2 s 2 2 s 2 +s
Alternative :
From the definition of Laplace transformation
L [F (t)] = #0 3est sin tdt
eat a sin bt b cos bt a = s and
We know # eat sin btdt = 26 @ e o
a +b 2
b=
st 3
Then, L [sin t] = ; 2e 2 ^ s sin t cos t hE
s + 0
3 0
=; 2 e ( s sin 3 cos 3)E ; 2 e ( s sin 0 cos 0)E
s + 2 s + 2
= 0 2 1 2 [0 ] = 2 1 2 ( )
s + s +
L [sin t] = 2 2
s +

Given : black balls = 5, Red balls = 5, Total balls=10
Here, two balls are picked from the box randomly one after the other without
replacement. So the probability of both the balls are red is
5! 5!
5
C 5
0 # C2
# 3!2! n
P = = #0 ! 5 ! = 1 # 10 = 10 = 2 n Cr =
10
C2 10! 45 45 9 r nr
3!2!
Alternate Method :
Given : Black balls = 5 ,

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Red balls = 5
Total balls = 10
The probability of drawing a red bell,
P1 = 5 = 1
10 2
If ball is not replaced, then box contains 9 balls.
So, probability of drawing the next red ball from the box.
P2 = 4
9
Hence, probability for both the balls being red is,
P = P1 # P2 = 1 # 4 = 2
2 9 9

We know that a dice has 6 faces and 6 numbers so the total number of cases
(outcomes) = 6 # 6 = 36
And total ways in which sum of the numbers on the dices is eight,
(2, 6) (3, 5) (4, 4) (5, 3) (6, 2)
So, the probability that the sum of the numbers eight is,
p = 5
36

We have to draw the graph on x -y axis from the given functions.
x x # 1
f (x) = * 0 x=0
x x$1
It clearly shows that f (x) is differential at x = 1, x = 0 and x = 1,
i.e. in the domain [ 1, 1].
So, (a), (b) and (c) are differential and f (x) is maximum at (x, x).

If the scatter diagram indicates some relationship between two variables X
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and Y , then the dots of the scatter diagram will be concentrated round a
curve. This curve is called the curve of regression.
Regression analysis is used for estimating the unknown values of one variable
corresponding to the known value of another variable.

Given : 3x + 2y + z = 4
xy+z = 2
2x + 2z = 5
The Augmented matrix of the given system of equation is
R 3 2 1 : 4V
S W
6A : B@ = S 1 1 1 : 2W R 3 " R 3 + 2R2 , R2 " R2 R1
SS 2 0 2 : 5WW
T X
R 3 2 1 : 4V
S W
+ S 2 3 0 : 2W
SS 0 2 4 : 9WW
Here 6A : B@ = T6A@ = 3 = n (number
X of unknown)
Then the system of equation has a unique solution.

Given : f (x, y) = 2x2 + 2xy y3
Partially differentiate this function w.r.t x and y ,
2f 2f
= 4x + 2y , = 2x 3y2
2x 2y
For the stationary point of the function, put 2f/2x and 2f/2y equal to zero.
2f
= 4x + 2y = 0 & 2x + y = 0 ...(i)
2x
2f
and = 2x 3y2 = 0 & 2x 3y2 = 0 ...(ii)
2y
From equation (i), y = 2x substitute in equation (ii),
2x 3 ( 2x) 2 = 0
2x 3 # 4x2 = 0
6x2 x = 0 & x = 0 , 1
6
From equation (i),
For x = 0 , y = 2 # (0) = 0
and for x = 1 , y = 2 # 1 = 1
6 6 3
So, two stationary point at (0, 0) and b 1 , 1 l
6 3

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Sample space = (1, 1), (1, 2) ... (1, 8)
(2, 1), (2, 2) f (2, 8)
(3, 1), (3, 2) f (3, 8)
h h h h
(8, 1), (8, 2) f (8, 8)
Total number of sample space = 8 # 8 = 64
Now, the favourable cases when Manish will arrive late at D
= (6, 8), (8, 6)...(8, 8)
Total number of favourable cases = 13
So, Probability = Total number of favourable cases

Totol number of sample space
= 13
64

Divergence is defined as d:r
where r = xi + yj + zk
and d= 2 i+ 2 j+ 2 k
2x 2y 2z
So, d:r = c 2 i + 2 j + 2 k m:(xi + yj + zk)
2x 2y 2z
d:r = 1 + 1 + 1 = 3

Given : x+y = 2
2x + 2y = 5
The Augmented matrix of the given system of equations is
1 1 : 2
6A : B@ = >2 2 : 5H
Applying row operation, R2 " R2 2R1
1 1 : 2
6A : B@ = >0 0 : 1H
[A] = 1 ! 6A : B@ = 2
So, the system has no solution.

Given : f (x) = x

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x if x > 0
f (x) = * 0 if x = 0
x if x < 0
f (0 h) f (0) ( h)
Lf l (x) = lim = lim 0 = 1
h"0 h h"0 h
f (0 + h) f (0)
Rf l (x) = lim = lim h 0 = 1
h"0 h h"0 h
Since Lfl (0) ! Rf l (0)
So, derivative of f (x) at x = 0 does not exist.

The surface integral of the normal component of a vector function F taken
around a closed surface S is equal to the integral of the divergence of F
taken over the volume V enclosed by the surface S .
Mathematically ## F:n dS
S
= ### div Fdv
V
So, Gauss divergence theorem relates surface integrals to volume integrals.

3
Given : f (x) = x x
3
f l (x) = x2 1
f m (x) = 2x
Using the principle of maxima minima and put f l (x) = 0
x2 1 = 0 & x = ! 1
Hence at x = 1, f m (x) = 2 < 0 (Maxima)
at x = 1, f m (x) = 2 > 0 (Minima)
So, f (x) is minimum at x = 1

Ra V
S 1W
Let A = Sb1W, B = 8a2 b2 c2B
SSc WW
1
T X
C = AB
Ra V Ra a a b a1 c2VW
S 1W S1 2 1 2
Let = Sb1W # 8a2 b2 c2B = Sb1 a2 b1 b2 b1 c2W
SSc WW SSc a c b c1 c2WW
1 1 2 1 2
The 3 # 3 minor of this X
T matrix T all the
is zero and 2 # 2X minors are also
zero. So the rank of this matrix is 1.

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6C @ = 1

In a coin probability of getting head p = 1 and probability of getting tail,
2
q = 1 = 1 1
2 2
When unbiased coin is tossed three times, then total possibilities are
H H H
H H T
H T H
T H H
H T T
T T H
T H T
T T T
From these cases, there are three cases, when head comes exactly two times.
So, the probability of getting head exactly two times, when coin is tossed 3
times is,
P = 3C2 (p) 2 (q) 1 = 3 # b 1 l # 1 = 3
2
2 2 8
**********


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CHAPTER 1

YEAR 2012 ONE MARK

MCQ 1.3 lim b 1 cos

MCQ 1.4 At x = 0, the function f (x) = x3 + 1 has

GATE Previous Year Solved Paper For Mechanical Engineering

PAGE 2 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS CHAP 1

YEAR 2012 TWO MARKS

YEAR 2011 ONE MARK

MCQ 1.11 A series expansion for the function sin is

CHAP 1 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS PAGE 3

(A) 1 + ... (B) + ...

(C) 1 + + + + ... (D) + + + ...

(A) (B) sin

MCQ 1.13 Eigen values of a real symmetric matrix are always

MCQ 1.14 The product of two complex numbers 1 + i and 2 5i is

YEAR 2011 TWO MARKS

1 dx , when evaluated by using Simpsons 1/3 rule on two

GATE Previous Year Solved Paper For Mechanical Engineering

PAGE 4 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS CHAP 1

MCQ 1.19 Consider the following system of equations

YEAR 2010 ONE MARK

MCQ 1.22 The value of the integral # 33 1 dx

MCQ 1.23 The modulus of the complex number b 3 + 4i l is

MCQ 1.24 The function y = 2 3x

CHAP 1 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS PAGE 5

YEAR 2010 TWO MARKS

Angle (Degree) 0 60c 120c 180c 240c 300c 360c

YEAR 2009 ONE MARK

PAGE 6 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS CHAP 1

MCQ 1.31 The inverse Laplace transform of 1/ (s2 + s) is

YEAR 2009 TWO MARKS

MCQ 1.33 An analytic function of a complex variable z = x + iy is expressed as

CHAP 1 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS PAGE 7

MCQ 1.37 The area enclosed between the curves y2 = 4x and x2 = 4y is

YEAR 2008 ONE MARK

MCQ 1.39 In the Taylor series expansion of ex about x = 2 , the coefficient of (x 2) 4 is

MCQ 1.40 Given that xp + 3x = 0 , and x (0) = 1, xo(0) = 0 , what is x (1) ?

The value of lim x 2

PAGE 8 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS CHAP 1

MCQ 1.44 The divergence of the vector field (x y) i + (y x) j + (x + y + z) k is

YEAR 2008 TWO MARKS

MCQ 1.48 Which of the following integrals is unbounded ?

CHAP 1 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS PAGE 9

for f (z) = cos z is

MCQ 1.50 The length of the curve y = 2 x3/2 between x = 0 and x = 1 is

YEAR 2007 ONE MARK

MCQ 1.54 The minimum value of function y = x2 in the interval [1, 5] is

PAGE 10 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS CHAP 1

YEAR 2007 TWO MARKS

MCQ 1.58 If y = x + x + x + x + ......3 , then y ^2 h =

(A) 1 F (s) (B) 1 F (s) f (0)

GATE Previous Year Solved Paper For Mechanical Engineering

CHAP 1 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS PAGE 11

YEAR 2006 ONE MARK

MCQ 1.66 Match the items in column I and II.

(C) (1 x) e+x (D) (1 x) ex

GATE Previous Year Solved Paper For Mechanical Engineering

PAGE 12 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS CHAP 1

YEAR 2006 TWO MARKS

If f (x) = 2x2 7x + 3 , then lim f (x) will be

(A) 1/3 (B) 5/18

MCQ 1.74 Match the items in column I and II.

(A) 1 e2x (B) 1 e2x