LINEAR LAW

PAPER 1

1 x and y are related by the equation

y px 2 qx , where p and q are constants.
A straight line is obtained by plotting
y
against x , as shown in Diagram 1.
x
Calculate the value of p and q. [4 marks]

DIAGRAM 1

p
Answer:
q

2. Diagram 2 shows a straight line graph of

y
against x . Given that y 6 x x 2 ,
x
calculate the value of k and of h .
[3 marks] (2, )

(, 1)

x
O
DIAGRAM 2

Answer: k
 h

3. The variables x and y are related by the

equation y kx 4 , where k is a constant.
(a) Convert the equation to linear form.
(b) Diagram 3 shows the straight line
obtained by plotting log10 y against (2, h)
log10 x .
Find the value of
(i) log10 k
(ii) h . (, 3)
[4 marks]
O DIAGRAM 3

Answer: (a) .
(b) (i)

(ii)
...

4 y 1
y
Diagram 4 shows the graph of against
x x
. Express y in terms of x. x

[3 marks] (4, 13)

(, 3)

1
O
O DIAGRAM 4
x

2
 Answer: .

DIAGRAM 5(a) DIAGRAM 5(b)

Diagram 5(a) shows the curve y = 3 x 2 + 5. Diagram 5(b) shows the straight line graph
obtained when y = 3 x 2 + 5 is expressed in the linear form Y = 5X + c.
Express X and Y in terms of x and /or y [3 marks]

Answer: .

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PAPER 2

6. Table 1 shows the values of two variables x and y related by the equation y ab x 1 ,
where a and b are constants.

x 3 4 5 6 8
y 12.1 6.46 3.47 1.89 0.52

TABLE 1
(a) Draw the graph of log10 y against ( x 1) . [4 marks]

(b) From your graph, find

(i) the value of y when x 7
(ii) the value of a
(iii) the value of b . [6 marks]

7. Table 2 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment.
Variables x and y are related by the equation y = p k x , where p and k are constants.

x 2 4 6 8 10 12
y 3.16 5.50 9.12 16.22 28.84 46.77

TABLE 2
(a) Plot log10 y against x by using a scale of 2 cm to 2 units on the x-axis and 2 cm to
0.2 unit on the log10 y -axis.
Hence, draw the line of best fit. [4 marks]

(b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of

(i) p
(ii) k [6 marks]

8. Table 3 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment.
2
It is known that x and y are related by the equation y pk x , where p and k are constants.

x 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0

y 1.59 1.86 2.40 3.17 4.36 6.76

TABLE 3
(a) Plot log y against x .2

Hence, draw the line of best fit. [5 marks]

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 (b) Use the graph in (a) to find the values of
(i) p
(ii) k . [5 marks]

9. Table 4 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment. The
r
variables x and y are related by the equation y px px , where p and r are constants

x 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 5.5

y 5.5 4.7 5.0 6.5 7.7 8.4

TABLE 4

(a) Plot xy against x 2 , by using a scale of 2 cm to 5 units on both axes.

Hence, draw the line of best fit. [5 marks]

(b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of

(i) p
(ii) r . [5 marks]

10. Table 5 shows the values of two variables, x and y, obtained from an experiment.
The variables x and y are related by the equation y pk x 1 , where p and k are constants

x 1 2 3 4 5 6
y 4.0 5.7 8.7 13.2 20.0 28.8

TABLE 5

(a) Plot log y against (x+1), using a scale of 2 cm to 1 unit on the (x+1)-axis and 2 cm
to 0.2 unit on the log y-axis. Hence, draw the line of best fit.
[5 marks]

(b) Use your graph from (a) to find the value of

(i) p
(ii) k. [5 marks]

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Linear Law

Answer

1. p 2, q 13
2. h 5, k 4
3. (a) log10 y 4 log10 x log10 k
(b) (i) 3
(ii) 11
4 y 5 x2
1
5. X = 2
x
y
Y= 2
x

6.
x -1 2 3 4 5 7
Log10 1.08 0.81 0.54 0.28 -0.28
y

(b) (i) y = 1
(ii) a = 42.66
(iii) b = 0.5337

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7 (a)
x 2 4 6 8 10 12
Log10y 0.50 0.74 0.96 1.21 1.46 1.67

(b) (i) p = 1.920

(ii) k = 1.309

8 (a)

x2 2.25 4.0 6.25 9.0 12.25 16.0

log10 y0.20 0.27 0.38 0.50 0.64 0.83

(b) (i) p 1.259

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 (ii) k 1.109

9(a)
x2 1 4 9 16 25 30.25
xy 5.5 9.4 15 26 38.5 46.2

(b) (i) p 1.37

(ii) r 5.48

10. (a)
x+1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Log y 0.60 0.76 0.94 1.12 1.30 1.46

(b) p = 1.778
k = 1.483

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