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    Rima Mikhael
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    12 views17 pages

    Beirut

    Uploaded by

    Rima Mikhael
    b

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 17
    Projective Cities gorda Programre Sucre Y —Reseach ‘News Faculy ABV Beirut: From Cy of Capital to Capital City Projects ‘eamio ft ham > ang oy resin 1 char Se Pe “This thesis ivegies th pte of achiocurs to shapo and scare pial agoncyin the conto oto ci Spactealy ok tthe ol of rentaciain he conictan ofthe cap cy, ar questions yf bat fr * ‘ter the en of he el war coming lo tame wth secavan dont and palcal carton, ard ie ‘racertled by he pala he cee of cap tea eae management company Salers Cconisring he sta’ contnung fae to fom @ Lebenese sitehod, the projet proposes 10 reverse the arecuralncten of nao Bika ~ common considered the poet te cata ry se ~ and ans me ‘caneeucton ofa functonng state 36a process of develop 3 ropona economic alo for the cty a 2 erosucive oben erty os itzanny, The prenian fr sch 8 reveal the isenfeaton and undontaning fw roto’ processes, the ‘smplon and fe ‘sf, ae representational seansns of paws: in ha areecire of capt ‘ins, Polteal power canbe examined afer the a, a sytem oa Spec ply seo eae thefc san -lanoalpojecion af hae arddeloy of sate ‘Ts datnetn becomes nstuanilo rethnk te oa oe ly nat a @conposon of synboke uban peeres bul a an aroused space of nagotiton and decson-maiegn whic We sis net an eberat dete enty bute praca of ves and ts rad a 0 formation ard sustanabity of pail ont. Power i operive in he cy whens representative denn fs spot, ard 8 sonic molto of te space ofthe ey ard pad palcal engagement he lizn thin der elt cong se ‘uilrg on te eorengerary shit nthe devlopnant of capa cos les a5 goverimortceaves and moe os ‘czncenratons of human capil and krewoege, an renereing hs shit In @ Lebenete cortex he projet rpotes i reetine th a fhe capa conte a 2 puble-rvae cura goverment campus, n whch bot he Be g meats | pak pe lo mnt E™ 5Y Up to 1820, Bait na always oped ws & qui-independert yaa win the ego, a sale sesso ih ac ore aks ab tie word han be Mout Lebanon land, Suess trig rs iene Be morpolay ote oty in arent way, bt te prevalent nyo he neds eal, Peg ta tht fan ‘open ans mxedmercante sory “is fomaton of macs Lebanon ove gether varau eke communis wen os tt a previ had ten gooarshcaly anégeltcaly infopencen, Ban, inhabited hstcly by Sunni and Orhosox mechan, dearly tocame th capil of @ much lager tari, eneampassing So Mount Latanan range wrich fal bean home io te Chisien Maronite apd Cruze conus, andthe Inger areas rath and souh whieh Chas ‘eign om he nignbaung countess “Tm Grom of Bait De calf an etry new try gov rit to conphlay eet seo pale ‘sect telioranip, New gfoups migrated tam the bodes ofthe county oth canbe cetng in fst an ntaancad ubaizaton. ger Pe ge {tra sae tin, he incapencence fom French made anata felon cal powers rom thereto he new poe clogs The eeaon ofthe fate feel 1948 and entngenpuon and gas, of ge nurbers of Palestina ino soul pare of Lebanon It the ourdaon for te begining of setoian 1975 bag Inthe eay 1970, he axpubion ofthe Pasian Liertan Orgarizaon Ram Jordan and hi subsequent move fo Sotut lead to growing trons Between (may cite) uapetars ofthe Hberaon cows (end 8 neeasng association mi Be Pa-Arab movement of Abdel Note" a Egy) ab he Cvistanfetons In Lebanon wha sem ‘he opeatens lund fom Laban on Israel aa 8 het to soveragny. Chstan mar bagan to Yan ane ‘canes between both grape sald, uinting ia ses reds on API 13,1975, andthe mses ofa bus of Parsi rigs by Palast Cretan hat cae be oan as ts ofical beating othe war. From 1975-197, bles scared between he PLO ard Be Pharge, turing the Nera eu which a oth partes Nasaquaters in e bart ‘hic te cote ofthe cpt aca awa zone, vised bewsan Boh groups athe conesponding corsnuntos resales ny from he can, the wo sides, spltrg the county f Ivo, se causing waves of migratons fazout By he ee of the 18 year ma, 25% of Be pepUian had Been plead, rl anotay 20-30% had permanente tb coun, kang very ietent cone stibuson in the oun ym Tamm Quem mene Gun ([jovasonn Gums Qian a= Gm oa ad By the ed ofthe war, ow suburbs of depaced oils had grown rorh ard soul of he capt, creating ass of ‘ry bal. The praeaon fhe cy cen atthe end ofthe war ante expropriation of lard ao expubed trge rumbers of fami that hed Nelealy mhaed and conabucad the cette. Afar the war, the old eihtoumoode on eer side retuned 6 normal ie, tht demographics however slghy changed, bt the cee andthe auaune wevbted eet landscape. s.yrn ut 2008 ge Aneta Rte an Pepe Cenadain ne Cee e808) “The war ended in 1989 wt he sang of the Ta agreement, cating ostap Be vlence snd ein Be rangement of power te Lebarece confessoel syste. Habaleh was he ely ite eowed to erin ee, in ‘he cause of protactng the southam sorters of Labanan. Sa remained rte county es 2 vse atoning ower, unl February 2005 when lato Prine Miner Hanh, who nae exressoe hs wes to nd the Syran _rvotvenert inital as sara that ya, hd been assassinated na car tam nthe car of the capa. The ‘naingaxplecn of he Syria cas fom Lebaron an ret of ead wards oun an Gaageasideny made ‘be gan he sre tensions het had tired ne ci wa What has become lar ince fens that te cart has rersnod rd that he dared eronliaton had nove happened, especial in gh fhe fac ha he sae rine Today te carte temaine rely emp, the of vent pale! cone, wthou any spe for peaceful ‘econatiation ef he ecanstuton of une slat. spvatsaon exacerbates Ine reveal De sit, an sinay ‘he moahness of th Sate allows neo-tea api to real oe all mats of puble dation making ard ban vestons. [Research Question: How can arctactur ecg 9 poe agocy towards the contucton In he cen of he ‘apa ofa secur ana prosucive srt for a obaness Stale? Pou oy hee ‘Te paracign ol oer rpresertaton nectar fe cpt cy In desgned cpa lies, architecture apres 128. symbol. pi orm ot eprasentain be inape of le slate newly farmed. The wan plans of new eaps ‘etyonhaht geome congosttors and monumental scale tat represen he power oto new governmen. Tre bulings composirg te urban plan also Become symbols; to archtcurerelos snl on the ncn ot gue ene represtratve slamans, whos meaning however es ou te bul isa. nsec ie ‘Suecostve haces leave drat mat on capi, and each poet Bocomes syle comeapondng \deulogy of specie ror. For example, Gergs-Eugtne Haussmann pefses in Pate were Isbumetal in ‘eating ha morumerlaansos tat ymbatse oda th render and dens of the capil, jain hansoWes were symptomate rater tan sible of Haussmann Iolgy. They onl became symbols aterwars, when th ‘uncton was exporenod an unsesoes. Te symbole hae, however, une in new designe capa, cos nt rely onthe dec aprecannon trough nw forms and stucies consraced on pn fel, Bi hough te

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