Topic |—Core: Algebra “The aim ofthis topic is to introduce students to some basic algebraic concepts and applications. content Further guidance Links 11 Arithmetic sequences and series; um of rite Sequences canbe generated and displayed in | Int The chess legend (Sisa ibn Dai). srithmetic series; geometric sequences and several ways including recursive funtion. |, ryabhatia is sometimes considered the series sum of finite and infinite geometric iy infnite geometric series with limits of | “father of algebra Compare with — convergence in 6.1. alKhawarizmi, Semone Int: The use of several alphabets in Applications ‘Examples include compound interest and Tatheratcal notation (eg is term and ear ‘common difference of tn arithmetic sequence), ‘TOK: Mathematics andthe knower. To what extent should mathematical knowiedge be ‘consistent with our intuition? ‘TOK: Mathematics andthe world. Some ‘mathematical constants (me, 8, Fibonacci number) appeer consistently in nature. What docs this tell us about mathematical Jnowledge? ‘TOK: Mathematics andthe ower, How is ‘mathematical intuition used a a basis for formal proof? (Gauss? method for adding up integers from Ito 100.) (Continued) (ee notes above) ‘Aim # Shorter loans at high interest rates How can knowledge of rathematics result in individuals being exploited or protected from Appl: Physics 72, 13.2 (radioactive decay and ‘nuclear physics). 12 Exponent and logarithms, Exponents and logarithms are further Appl: Chemistry 18.1, 182 (calculation of pit developed in 2.4 and buffer solution} ‘TOK: The nature of mathematics and eens, Were logartms an invention o discover? This topic is an opporunity fer teachers and steno refleeton “the mae of mathematics") Laws of exponents; laws of logarithms Change of base. 13” Gig pt ig pa : ifm erase rey oto“ wage TOR Temrctnuens Ti, Senguaanss area fenenitad nese in| Songer 5A. ‘can be found linking these? ‘The binomial theorem: Link to 56, binomial distribution. nts The propertis of Paseal’s rangle were r@ieF nen) ‘known inn numberof different cultures long soememor (or 0). ae before Pascal (eg the Chinese mathematician [Not required: Yang Hu. Permutations where some objets ac identical. eee ie ee Circular arrangements, possible na eter? What docs this tel us bout the ethics of selling lotery tickets to Proof of binomial theorem, ‘hoe who donot understand the implications ofthese large numbers? 14 | Proofby mathematica induction. Links toa wide variety of topics, for example, TOK: Nature of mathematics and science complex numbers, differentiation, sums of What are th different meanings of induction in series and divisibiliy. mathematics and science? ‘TOK: Knowledge claims in mathematics. Do proofs provide us with completely cerain Kowa? ‘TOK: Knowledge communities. Who judges the vay of roo?” 15 Complex numbers: the number i=/-1; the When solving problems, students may eodt0 Appl: Concepis in eles engin. terms rea part, mgr pr, conjugate, se Tecnology: Impedance asa combination of resistance and mols and argument reactance; ls apparent power aba combi of alan eave powers. These Coote tenis 2 ‘ombiations ake the frm 2= 0+ Se ‘TOK; Mathematics andthe knower. Do the = word imaginary and complex make the ‘conceps moe iil than if they had siferet names? ‘TOK: The natre of mathematics. Has boon invented or was it discovered? ‘TOK: Mathematics and the world. Why does “appear in so many fundamental laws of. physics?16 wy 19 Powers of complex numbers: de Moivre's theorem, 1 rots of complex number. Conjugate roots of polynomial equations with real coeliciens. ‘Solutions of systems of linear equations (2 ‘maximum of thee equations in tree unkzowns), including eases where there is a ‘unique solution, an infinity of slutions or no solution. Farther guidance ‘re is also known as Ealr's frm. ‘The ability to convert between forms is expected. ‘The complex plane is also known asthe Argand diagram, Proof ly mathematical induction for m2. Link 25 and. ‘These systems should be solved using both algebraic and technological methods, eg ow reduc ‘ystems that have solutions) may be refered to as consistert. ‘When a system has an infinity of solutions, a general solution may be required. Link to vectors in 47. Appl: Concepts in electrical engineering ‘Phase ange/shif, power factor end apparent ‘ower as a compiex quant in polar fom. ‘TOK: The nature of mathematics. Was the complex plane already there before it was used to represent complex numbers geometrically? ‘TOK: Mathematics and the knower. Why might it be said tate +1=0 is beef? ‘TOK: Reason and mathematis, What is ‘mathematical reasoning and what role does proof py in this form of reasoning? Ate there ‘examples of proof that ae not mathematica? ‘TOK: Mathematics, sense, perception and ean, If we en find solutions in higher dimension, can we reason tat these spaces ‘exist beyond our sense perception?