Y S 8 5 1 q

P u m tu m M ec ha n ic s I F a 11 2 0 0 7

H O M E W O R K A S S IG N M E N T 2
P o s t u la t e s o f q u a n t u m M e c h a n ic s

1 [1 0 p ts ] A ssu m e th a t A l > . a n l > b u t .

th a t ( I > #
. .
1 P rov e th a t la > . c t ) is
. a ls o a n
e ig e n s t a t e o fA W h a t is its e g e n v a lu e ? W h a t sh o u ld c be s o th a t <a Ia > 1?
. .

2 10 p s j A ssu m t h a t l ) a n d Ia > a r e d e g e n e r a t e e g e n s t a t e s f A it h v a lu e
e ig e n
. . o w e a n
T hey sa t
is fy (q I ) . . (a Ia ) 1 a n d ( Ia > # 1 S h o w t h a t th e
. . . . s ta te s Ia .
1) = la > a n d a n
. 2)
,

ar e b o th e ig e n s t a te s o fA w it h e ig e n v a lu e a a n d ar e m u tu a lly or th o g o l
n , n a

N th t th s y t e m is in a n a r b it r a r y s t a t e
ow a s s u ln e a e
IQ ) w h e n A is m e as u r e d W Ht e an ex p r e s s io n
fo r th e p r o b a b ility t o b t a in th e r e s u lt a n W r it e d o w th
o n e s ta t e o f th e sy s te m hn m e d ia te Jy a fte r th e
n ea su re m
en t as su m in g t h a t a n w as o b t a in e d b y ra n dom cha n c e

b)W h t is t h e p r o b a b ility t o n d t h s y s t e m b e tw o s it io n d
een p a n z + ti ?
C )C a lc u la t e t h e e x p e c t a t io n v a lu e (X ) = \ I IN
N te X is t h
a n d th e u n cer t a in t y X _
J (X ) (X 12 !
o : o s it io n
e p o p era to r sa t is fy in g x l ) z l) D o es th e in t e r p r e t a t io n o f (x ) a s th e
a v era ge v a lu e o f z a n d q as th e d th e
s p re a ar o u n av er a ge m ke fo r t h is
sen se
p le ?
a ex a m

4 [1 0 p t s ] C o n s id e r a p a r t ic le w h o s e w a v e fu n c tio n is t h t
a u se d in t h e p r e v io u s p r o b le m T h e p o s tio t
o f t h e p a r t ic le is t h e n m e ? u r e d
w it h a r e s o lu t io n o f A W h a t i8 t h e p r o b a b ilit t h a t th e
is fo u n d w it h in 2 o f o s it i y p a r t ic le
/ p o n z ? W h a t is t h e s t a t e v e c t D r o f th e s s t e m
y itm n e d a t e ly a fte r th e
m e a s u r e m e n t a s s u m in
g t h a t th e p a r t ic le w a s in d e e d fo u n d w it h in A /2 o f
p o s it io n x ?
5 C o n s id e r tu ith t h r e e
a qu an m s y s te m w e n e rgy i9 e n s a t e s h ic h ll 11 1
H a in ilt o ia f th e s y s te m
e w w e c an ca 12 ) a n d 13 1 T he
n n o i8

H f [(4 109. '

ll1 111 1+ (1 ( io g . '
ll2 112 1+ (3 10 9 . '
3x31]
G iv e n th a t t h e s e s ta te s sa t is fy H l)
m = E . l) r w hat ar e E r E a J d E 3 in J o u le s ?
A s s u m e th a t th e b s e r v a b le F is d
o e s c r ib e d b y th e H i ia
er m n o p er a to r

1
w h e re U r)
G iv en th a t th e s e
s t a te s a t is fy F U . = J . lj I ),
w hat ar e l l F, an d F, ?
D th e ig e n s t a te s s a tis f U
o e
y . Il. > . . ?
A t tim t O t h e s y s t e m is in s t a te
e
IQ (0 )> ,
(11 1 + 2 12 1 + 13 1)
If F is m e asu re d t t im i Os ,
a e w hat are th e p o s s ib le r e s u lts f th e
For
o m easu rem en t?
ea ch p o s s ib le r e s u lt , h a t is t h e
w a s s o c ia te d p ro b a b il T y ?
F or e ac h p o s s ib le o u tc o h a t is t h
m e ,
w e s ta te o f th e s y s te m im m e d ia t e ly a ft e t h e m e a s
u r e m e n t?
Is m a de a t i _ O, a n d in s t e a d t h e s s t e m e v o l
y v e s f e e ly fo r t
a t w h ic h t im e F is m e as u re d
i LL s

W hat are th e p ib le tc o m
o ss o u es a n d a s s o c ia te d p r o b a b ilitie s in th is ?
c as e

IQ h e P m ?

C . \c > . 7 . .
o n c e ? Q

(c r q . IQ > .
.

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