MathCity.org Exercise 1.

4 (Solutions)
Calculus and Analytic Geometry, MATHEMATICS 12
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Question # 1:
(i ) f ( x ) = 2x2 + x 5 c =1
lim f ( x ) = lim ( 2 x 2 + x 5 ) = 2 (1) + 1 5 = 2 + 1 5 = 2
2

x 1 x 1

lim+ f ( x ) = lim+ ( 2 x 2 + x 5 ) = 2 (1) + 1 5 = 2 + 1 5 = 2

2

x 1 x 1

lim f ( x ) = lim+ f ( x ) = 2 lim f ( x ) = 2

x 11 x 1 x 1

x 9
2
( ii ) f ( x) = C = 3
x 3
x 2 9 xlim ( x 2 9) ( 3)2 9 9 9 0
lim f ( x ) = lim = 3
= = = =0
x 3 x 3 x 3 lim ( x 3) 3 3 6 6
x 3

x 2 9 xlim ( x 2 9 ) ( 3 ) 2 9 9 9 0
lim f ( x ) = lim+
+
Now = 3 = = = =0
x 3+ x 3 x 3 lim+ ( x 3) 3 3 6 6
x 3

lim f ( x ) = lim+ f ( x ) = 0 lim f ( x ) = 0

x 3 x 3 x 3

( iii ) f ( x) = x 5 C =5
lim f ( x ) = lim x 5 x 5 = ( x 5)
x 5 x 5

( x 5) + ( x 5)
5 +

= lim ( x 5 ) = lim ( x 5 ) = ( 5 5 ) = 0
x 5 x 5

lim f ( x ) = lim+ x 5 = lim+ ( x 5 ) = 5 5 = 0

x 5+ x 5 x 5

lim f ( x ) = lim+ f ( x ) = 0
x 5 x 5

lim f ( x ) = 0
x 5

Question # 2:
Discuss the continuity of f ( x ) at x = c
2 x + 5 if x2

(i ) f ( x ) = 4 x + 1 if x>2
c=2

We haveto discuss the continuity of f ( x) at x = 2
(a) f ( 2 ) = 2 ( 2) + 5 = 4 + 5 = 9 .................... (1)
(b ) lim f ( x ) = ?
x2

f ( x) = 2x + 5 f ( x) = 4x +1
2 +
lim f ( x ) = lim ( 2 x + 5 ) = 2 ( 2 ) + 5 = 4 + 5 = 9
x 2 x2

and lim f ( x ) = lim ( 4 x + 1) = 4 ( 2 ) + 1 = 8 + 1 = 9

x 2 + x2

lim f ( x ) = 9 ............... ( 2 )
x2
 FSc-II/Ex 1.4-2

(c) from (1) and ( 2 ) we get

lim f ( x ) = f ( 2 )
x2

f ( x ) is continous at x = 2
3 x 1 if x < 1

( ii ) f ( x ) = 4 x =1 c = 2
2 x x >1

if c=2 f (c) = f ( 2)
is not defined so given function is discontinous
( ii ) Correction
3 x 1 if x < 1

f ( x ) = 4 if x = 1
2 x if x > 1

c =1 ( correction )
f (1) = 4
1 +
f ( x ) = 3x 1 f ( x) = 2x
(a) f (1) = 4 ( given )
(b ) lim f ( x ) = ?
x 1

lim f ( x ) = lim ( 3 x 1) = 3 (1) 1 = 2

x 1 x 1

and lim+ f ( x ) = lim ( 2 x ) = 2 (1) = 2

x 1 x 1

lim f ( x ) = lim+ f ( x ) = 2
x 1 x 1

lim f ( x ) = 2 ............................. ( 2 )
x 1

(c) From (1) and ( 2 ) we get

lim f ( x ) f (1)
x 1

f ( x ) is discontinous at x =1
3 x 1 if x < 1

( iii ) f ( x) = c =1
2 x if x > 1

(a) f (1) is not defined
f ( x ) is discontinous at x = 1

Question # 3:
Given that
3 x if x 2
2
f ( x ) = x 1 if 2 < x < 2
3 if x2

+
f ( x ) = 3x 2 f ( x) = x 1 2
2 f ( x) = 3
(i ) We check continuity at x = 2
(a) f ( 2) = 3 ................................ (1) ( given )

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FSc-II/Ex 1.4-3

(b ) lim f ( x ) = ?
x2

lim f ( x ) = lim ( x 2 1) = ( 2 ) 1 = 4 1 = 3
2

x 2 x2

lim f ( x ) = lim ( 3) = 3
x 2 + x2

lim f ( x ) = lim+ f ( x ) = 3
x 2 x2

lim f ( x ) = 3 ....................... ( 2 )
x2

(c) From (1) and ( 2 ) , we get

lim f ( x ) = f ( 2 )
x2

f ( x ) is continuous at x=2
( ii ) At x = 2
(a) f ( 2 ) = 3 ( 2 ) = 6 ............................ (1)
(b ) lim f ( x ) = ?
x 2

lim f ( x ) = lim ( 3 x ) = 3 ( 2 ) = 6
x 2 x 2

lim f ( x ) = lim ( x 2 1) = ( 2 ) 1 = 4 1 = 3
2
and
x 2+ x 2

lim f ( x ) lim+ f ( x ) lim f ( x ) does not exist

x 2 x 2 x 2

f ( x ) is discontinuous at x = 2
Question # 4:
Given that
x + 2 x 1
f ( x) =
c + 2 x > 1
c=?
+
f ( x) = x + 2 1 f ( x) = c + 2
Q lim f ( x ) exists
x 1

lim f ( x ) = lim+ f ( x )
x 1 x 1

lim ( x + 2 ) = lim ( c + 2 )
x 1 x 1

1 + 2 = c + 2
1 = c+2
c = 1 2 c = 1

Question # 5:
(i )
mx if x<3

f ( x ) = n if x=3
2 x + 9 if x>3

here f ( 3) = n ( given )
Q f ( x ) is continuous at x =3
lim f ( x ) = lim+ f ( x ) = f ( 3)
x 3 x 3

lim ( mx ) = lim ( 2 x + 9 ) = n
x 3 x 3

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 FSc-II/Ex 1.4-4
( m )( 3) = 2 ( 3) + 9 = n
3m = 6 + 9 = n
3m = 3 = n
3m = 3 , n=3
m =1 , n=3
mx if x<4
( ii ) f ( x) = 2
x if x4
f ( 4 ) = ( 4 ) = 16
2
here
Q f ( x ) is continuous at x=4
Q lim f ( x ) = lim+ f ( x ) = f ( 4 )
x 4 x4

lim ( mx ) = lim ( x 2 ) = 16
x4 x4

4m = ( 4 ) = 16
2

4m = 16 = 16 4m = 16
m=4

Question # 6:

Given that
2x + 5 x + 7
x2
f ( x) = x2
x=2
K
K =?
here f ( 2 ) = K given
Q f ( x ) is continuous at x=2
Q lim f ( x ) = f ( 2 )
x2

2x + 5 x + 7 2x + 5 x + 7 2x + 5 + x + 7
lim =K lim =K
x2 x2 x2 x2 2x + 5 + x + 7

( ) ( )
2 2
2x + 5 x+7 ( 2 x + 5) ( x + 7 )
=K =K
( x 2) ( ) ( x 2) ( 2x + 5 + x + 7 )
lim
x2
2x + 5 + x + 7

2x + 5 x 7 ( x 2)
=K =K
( x 2) ( 2x + 5 + x + 7 ) ( x 2) ( 2x + 5 + x + 7 )
1 1
lim =K =K
x2 2x + 5 + x + 7 lim 2 x + 5 + x + 7
x 2

1 1
=K =K
2 ( 2) + 5 + 2 + 7 9+ 9
1
=K
3+3
1
K=
6

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