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Huong Dan Thiet Ke KCN Cau BT Duc Hang 22TCN272-05 PDF
Huong Dan Thiet Ke KCN Cau BT Duc Hang 22TCN272-05 PDF
Huong Dan Thiet Ke KCN Cau BT Duc Hang 22TCN272-05 PDF
1
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
a) Hp dm vi kh cu 10,5 m b) Hp dm vi kh cu >10,5m
2
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
H 0 H 0,5
a= 2
(4)
Lh
Nh vy ng cong y dm c dng : y = a.x 2 (5)
H s a xc nh theo biu thc trn
Thay cc gi tr xi=Ki vo hm (5) xc nh cc gi tr yi tng ng
Chiu cao dm ti mt ct i xc nh theo cng thc :
Hi =H0,5 + yi
Bng thut ton tng t ta xc nh chiu dy bn y ti mi mt ct i.
Vi y dm c hnh dng ng cong bc 3 ,nu t h trc to nh
trn ta c phng trnh ca ng cong ny :
y = a.x 3
H H
vi h s a = 0 3 0,5 (6)
Lk
Vi dng hp thnh xin chiu rng y dm thay i theo chiu cao dm,
ti mt ct st tr chiu rng ny l bd 0 ti mt ct th i c chiu cao l Hi chiu rng
y xc nh theo cng thc : bd ,i = bd 0 + 2(H 0 H i ) (7)
trong - xin ca thnh hp :(1/71/10)
1.3- Tnh cc c trng hnh hc ca tit din mi t dm :
Trong mi t dm chiu cao v chiu dy bn y thay i theo qui lut
tuyn tnh . Trong phm vi mi t , ta coi nh mt ct l khng i v c tit din
ly theo mt ct gia ca mi t.
Trong tnh ton xc nh ni lc , s mt ct xc nh tung AH ly
theo s lng t c v nh vy cch chia phn t trong s tnh ton trng vi
cch chia t c .
Xc nh THH tit din hnh hp c th bng nhng chng trnh lp
sn bng TURBO PASCAL, EXCEL hoc VISUAL BASIC ,nn dng EXCEL v c
th kt ni kt qu tnh THH vi cc trang tnh duyt sau ny . Khng nn dng
tin ch tnh THH trong AUTOCAD v khng t ng tnh cho hng lot cc mt
ct v d ln v chuyn i n v theo t l bn v .
C th tham kho trang kt qu ca chng trnh tnh ton cc THH ca
tit din dm hp bng EXCEL sau y. Trong v d c 8 t chia v tnh c Jy,
trong n TKTN khng cn tnh Jy .
3
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
Chiu
Chiu Chiu
rng Din tch Din tch v tr trc
s hiu Chiu di cao tit dy bn bn tr rnh fo jx jy
mc t li (cm) din H y hb tnh i fbt trung ho
y b cm2 cm2 yo cm cm4 cm4
cm cm
cm
ii-tnh ton xc nh ni lc :
2.1 - Xc nh tnh ti :
Tnh ti giai on I gm :
- trng lng bn thn mi t dm :
p I ,i = 2,5l i Fi ,td
-ti trng thi cng : trng lng ng di chuyn, cc thit b v ngi
pI, tc= 0.02B 0.2 T/m .
-trng lng xe c, vn khun ,gin gio PXE : ti trng ny tp trung t
ti v tr cch u hng 1m v c tr s t 6080T , tu theo thit k ca xe c .
Tnh ti giai on II :
-1m di lan can : tnh theo thit k c th , nu cha c s liu tm ly
0,2T/m .
-1 m di g chn bnh ( i vi l ngi i cng mc ) : 0.324 T/m
-1 m di l ngi i lp ghp : 0.45 T/m .
- lp ph mt cu : p mII =
(0.07 + 0.5.i.B ) B.2,3 T/m
2
i : dc ngang cu %
B :chiu rng cu to mt cu ( m) .
Trng lng bn thn dm c dng phn b hnh bc thang , trng lng xe c
l ti trng tp trung cn cc tnh ti khc l ti trng phn b u .
H s ti trng :
- i vi trng lng bn thn dm, lan can, g chn =1.25
- i vi lp ph mt cu = 1.5
4
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
-i vi hot ti v ti trng thi cng ly theo trng thi gii hn tnh ton
H s phn phi ti trng = S ln xe m
m- h s ln xe nu 2 ln ly bng 1,0; ba ln m=0,85
H s xung kch ( 1+IM) =1,25 .
2.2 Nguyn tc chung :
Ni lc tnh ton dm BTCT lin tc c hng gm m men un Mi , lc ct
Qi ti tt c cc mt ct cui t c .
Nguyn tc tnh ton :
1- S lm vic ca dm lin tc c hng ph thuc vo bin php cng ngh
thi cng, c th l trnh t hp long v thi im h kt cu nhp xung gi chnh.
2- Mi loi ti trng tc dng ln kt cu nhp theo mt s tnh ton ring, v
vy lp s tnh ca kt cu nhp cn c theo trng thi tc dng ca tng ti trng
v xc nh ni lc trong tng s ring theo nguyn l c lp tng tc, sau
t hp cc gi tr ni lc theo nguyn l cng tc dng.
Phng php tnh ton :
i vi s tnh nh, theo s tnh ton xy dng v lp cc cng thc
tnh ni lc v chuyn v theo phng php ca c hc kt cu .
i vi cc s siu tnh, thc hin theo 2 bc :
1-S dng chng trnh SAP , tnh theo s phng c cc AH .
2-Cht ti cc ng nh hng xy dng cc ng bao ni lc .
Cht ti trc tip ngay trong SAP d b nhm ln v h s, v khng thng nht
c v nguyn tc xp ti on xe di ng.
2.3- Xc nh ni lc trong dm lin tc 3 nhp, thi cng theo cng ngh:
hp long nhp bin trc, hp long nhp gia sau khi h KCN xung
gi chnh.
2.3.1- Xc nh m men un ti cc mt ct dm cng xon trong qu trnh
c hng cn bng :
Trong giai on ny kt cu nhp lm vic theo s khung T. Sau khi hp
long vi on c trn gio ca nhp bin v h xung gi chnh th s ny
khng tn ti, trng thi cn bng mi ca h c xc lp li v kt cu nhp lm
vic theo s gin n mt tha . V vy gi tr ni lc tnh phn ny c gi tr
kim tra cng ca cc mt ct dm trong giai on thi cng v ti trng tai bin ,
xc nh cc mt mt ng sut trong qu trnh cng ko cc b ct thp DL. S
ny cn xc nh cc chuyn v ca u hng trong mi giai on c ,cn c vo
iu chnh cao vn khun, to vng kin trc cho nhp c.
S tnh xc nh m men un ca nhp : cng xon mt u ngm, khu
i
1
tnh ton L I ,i = K0 + Ki (8)
2 1
5
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
00
PI , 0 d 02
- Do t K0 : M I ,0 = (9)
2
d
- Do t K1 : M I0,10 = M I0,00 + PI ,1 d1 d 0 + 1 (10)
2
n 1 d
- Do t Kn : M I0,n0 = M I0,n01 + PI ,n d n d i + n (11)
0 2
+ Ti mt ct th K :
n
n 1 d
M k k
I ,i = PI ,i d i d i + i (12)
k K 1 2
2- Do ti trng thi cng :
2
n
PI ,tc d i
k k
M TC = i =k (13)
,i
2
3- Do trng lng xe c :
n
XE d i 1
K K
M XE ,i = P (14)
i =k
Nn tnh m men un dm cng xon bng bn tnh EXCEL v lp thnh hai
bng phc v cho nhng ni dung tnh duyt sau ny . Bng th nht l cc gi
tr m men ti mt ct nh tr trong qu trnh c hng v Bng th hai tnh gi tr
m men ti cc mt ct sau khi kt thc c hng cn bng .
Bng cc gi tr m men ti nh tr Bng 2
Gi tr tiu chun G tr tnh ton
Trng
Chiu Tnh ti Do tnh Do ti Do ti Do trng
thi
di t t dm ti dm trng thi Do xe Cng
Do tnh
trng thi lng xe Cng
c c ti dm
(m) (Tn/m) M0-0 cng M0-0I,p T.m cng c T.m
t th I,p
M0-0XE M0-0I,p 0-0
T.m T.m M I,p M0-0XE
0 4.5 33.34 -337 -2.03 -210 -5500 -371 -2.63 -294 -667
1 3 30.54 -887 -5.63 -390 -1283 -975 -7.31 -546 -1529
2 3 28.65 -1660 -11.03 -570 -2242 -1826 -14.33 -798 -2639
3 3 27.02 -2633 -18.23 -750 -3402 -2896 -23.69 -1050 -3970
4 3 25.63 -3786 -27.23 -930 -4744 -4165 -35.39 -1302 -5502
5 3.5 24.38 -5343 -40.00 -1140 -6524 -5878 -52.00 -1596 -7526
6 3.5 23.29 -7116 -55.23 -1350 -8522 -7828 -71.79 -1890 -9790
7 3.5 22.44 -9100 -72.90 -1560 -10733 -10010 -94.77 -2184 -12289
8 3.5 21.81 -11294 -93.03 -1770 -13157 -12423 -120.93 -2478 -15022
9 3.5 21.35 -13704 -115.60 -1980 -15799 -15074 -150.28 -2772 -17996
10 3.5 21.04 -16337 -140.63 -2190 -18668 -17971 -182.81 -3066 -21220
11 4 20.85 -19632 -172.23 -2430 -22234 -21595 -223.89 -3402 -25221
12 4 20.76 -23243 -207.03 -2670 -26120 -25568 -269.13 -3738 -29575
6
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
7
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
a) s cng ngh
mntc
Pxe Gc Pkch
P a) s tnh ton
P
l1 l/2 l/2 l1
c) Biu m men un
M n = A.(l 0 + l c ) (17)
2
M men ti mt ct cui t th n-1 :
2
pn d n
M n 1 = M n + ( A p 0 (l 0 + l c ))d n (18)
2
2
P d
M n2 = M n 1 + ( A p 0 (l 0 + l c ) Pn d n )d n 1 n 1 n 1
2
n 1
2
Pn 2 d n 2
M n 3 = M n 2 + A p 0 (l 0 + l c ) Pi d i d (19)
n 2
......
4xd lk
K4 K3 K2 K1 K1 K2 K3 K4
Ko
lo lc
p4
MC5
8
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
M10 0 0
M9 713.12
M 8 35.5 3.5 21.81 -5108.5 -1611.0 -6719.5 -7713.66
M 7 39 3.5 22.44 -7060.6 -1783.5 -8844.0 -10085.15
M 6 42.5 3.5 23.29 -9292.7 -1958.4 -11251.1 -12767.94
M 5 46 3.5 24.38 -11816.9 -2135.8 -13952.7 -15775.11
M 4 49 3 25.63 -14223.8 -2289.8 -16513.6 -18622.88
M 3 52 3 27.02 -16867.6 -2445.6 -19313.1 -21733.58
M 2 55 3 28.65 -19761.9 -2603.2 -22365.0 -25122.16
M 1 58 3 30.54 -22922.5 -2762.6 -25685.0 -28806.04
M0 62.5 4.5 33.34 -28207.1 -3005.0 -31212.1 -34934.33
b- Trn on mt hng Lh :
M men ti cui t th n ( k t t K0): Mn = 0
M men ti mt ct cui t th n-1 :
2
1 p d
M n 1 = M n Gc d n n n (22)
2 2
Gc
2
Pn 1 d n 1
M n 2 = M n 1 + Pn d n d n 1 (23)
2 2
G n 1
P d
2
M n 3 = M n 2 c + Pi d i n 2 n 2 .... (24)
2 n 2
2- Do ti trng thi cng pI,tc, :
M tc ,n = 0
2
Ptc x k
M tc ,k = (25)
2
9
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
nk
xk = d i
n
11
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
Khi xc nh ni
biu m s 1 lc trong dm lin tc
c hng theo cng
ngh ny cn phi lu
+ biu m s 2
hin tng xut hin m
men m ti mt ct gia
nhp, m men ny xut
biu m s 3 chu tnh ti II hin do hai nguyn
nhn : 1- hiu ng d ti
2- khi hot ti xp
+ ng bao m s 3 ln hai nhp bin .
Nguyn nhn 1 c th
khc phc bng bin
ng bao m tnh ton php gim trng lng
=
ca xe c hoc c th
b hn xe c trong giai
on hp long . i vi
nguyn nhn th hai cn xem xt li vic phn phi t l gia nhp bin v nhp gia,
nhp bin cng ln th m men ny cng ln. C th trit tiu gi tr m men m gia
nhp bng tng tnh ti giai on II , lp to dc ngang c thi cng sau khi hp
long ,khng cng vi np hp nh vn thng lm . Nu cc gii php trn khng
khc phc c phi b tr thm ct thp ST np hp trong phm vi lC + hai t
cui, hoc thay i cng ngh.
Bng tng hp ni lc ti cc mt ct
Bng 6
Gi tr Gi tr Gi tr ng Gi tr M tnh ton trong giai
S hiu M tnh M tnh bao M tnh theo on khai thc
mt ct theo theo s III
s I s M (-)
M(+) M(-) m(+)
II
u nhp
1/2 l0
n-n M1 M2 M(-)3 M(+)3 =M1+M2+M(-)3 =M1+M2+M(+)3
....
1-1
Gi (0-0)
1-1
...
n-n
1/2 L
- K hiu tn cc mt ct trng vi tn t d s dng. Nhng mt ct c
trng nh u nhp,gia nhp c trn gio , mt ct gi v gia nhp chnh cn
ghi r d theo di.
12
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
13
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
iii-chn v b tr ct thp ch
3.1- Loi ct thp
Ct thp dng loi b cp gm cc tao xon 7 si. ng knh tao c th chn
loi 12,7mm hoc 15,2mm. S tao trong 1 b nn chn loi nhiu tao gm 9, 12
hoc19 tao . Tiu chun v qui cch vt liu tham kho trong ti liu tra cu km
theo tp hng dn ny .
Trc ht tnh chnh lch m men m tnh ton ly theo bng tng hp ti cc
mt ct k tip nhau Mi , chn M nh nht v M ln nht lm cn c chn
loi b ct thp v s lng b neo ti cui mi t .
3.2- Xc nh s b ct thp neo ti mt ct cui mi t :
3.2.1- Kch thc mt ct qui i ca hp dm :
Mc ch ca vic qui i mt ct l xy dng cc cng thc tnh duyt
cng thun li. Nguyn tc qui i l i t tit din hnh hp, hnh phc tp
sang tit din ch I c chiu cao , chiu dy sn v din tch lm vic khng i.
Din tch tham gia lm vic ca hp dm bao gm ton b cc b phn nm
trong phm vi hp v mt phn ca hai cnh hng.
Phn din tch ca cnh hng tham gia lm vic c chiu di 6hc tnh t
im ct ca ng ko thng theo mt ngoi thnh hp vi mt np hp .
hc l chiu dy trung bnh ca cnh hng
hc + hng
hc =
2
Qua y ta c nhn xt : chiu di cnh hng hp l ca hp l 6hc .
trong
t1= t-6hc , t- chiu di cnh hng np hp
Fc=6hc2
14
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
15
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
3.3- B tr ct thp
Ct thp chu m men m b tr trn np hp theo hai cch :
- Chy thnh tng hng song song, cui mi t c nhng b no b ngt
th neo thng vo mt ct.
- B tr thnh 2 hoc 3 hng tp trung khu vc nch hp, khi neo b cp
phi un cong theo phng ngang v un xin xung theo phng ng neo vo
v tr gn ch tip gip nch v sn hp .
Hng ct thp hng trn cng cch np hp (1012) cm , cc hng cch
nhau mt khong bng ng knh ng ghen ng +3,8 (cm) . Cc b trong mt
hng cng t cch nhau ng + 4 cm .
im neo phi cch nhng b i thng gn nht mt khong cch b+B
b- ghi trong bng Qui cch b tr neo ti u dm vi CK=23 , tc l bng
+(2234) cm.
Trn mt bng cc b i song song vi nhau, i xng vi ng tim ca
nch hp khi gn n im kt thc ca ct thp th un cong i no v tr neo.
im un nn chn sao cho :
1- Cch u neo mt khong t nht l (200+T)cm m bo iu kin
trc im neo ct thp phi c on thng t nht l 2m. T l chiu di tip tuyn
ca ng cong bn knh R.
2- Nm trong phm vi mt t c, cch im ni ng (T+20)cm vic
t v ni ng ghen c d dng .
im un theo mt phng ngang v mt ng l trng nhau do v thc t
cc b ct thp un cong theo khng gian trong mt mt phng nghing .
Cch xc nh v tr im un :
16
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
h
- Gc un xin : = Acr sin
T +2
T- tip tuyn ca ng cong xc nh theo
cng thc :
T = Rtg
2
R- bn knh ca ng cong do ngi thit k
n nh R4000 mm
h- khong cch t v tr ct thp n v tr neo
xc nh trn mt bng .
V tr im un ct thp cch mt ct cui t
l a :
h
a= Khi nu a + T K + 0.2 (m)
tg
trong K chiu di t th im un nm trong phm vi t v vic ni di ng
ghen cho tng t l thun li v ni theo ng thng , ngc li im un nm
trong t trc , mi ni phi b tr trn on cong hoc on cho , vic nh v
s gp kh khn .
Nhng b ct thp th di c neo
vo cc neo c ni y hp, nhng b
un cong t pha trong thnh hp i ra th ch
un c mt ln, cn nhng b t v tr cch
xa ngoi bn y , khi mun neo vo v tr
gc hp phi un cong 2 ln khi ko b
ct thp c ko thng song song vi ng
chn dc theo thnh hp.
17
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
A ps f pu + As f y As f y
c= mm (5.7.3.1.1-4)
f pu
0,85 f c 1bd + kA ps
dp
2- Trng hp ko DL ngoi thuc v khi nim ct thp khng dnh bm :
dp c
f ps = f pe + 6300 ( 5.7.3.1.2-1)
l c
fpe - ng sut c hiu trong ct thp sau khi cng ko tm ly bng 0,8 fpu
lc - chiu di c hiu ca b ct thp tnh gia hai u neo (mm)
2li
lc = ( 5.7.3.1.2-2)
2 + Ns
li - chiu di tng on b cp i qua cc neo nh v hoc cc im un (mm)
Ns - s lng neo chuyn hng nm gia hai u neo ca cc b ct thp .
Chiu cao vng b tng chu nn c trong trng hp ny xc nh theo cng
thc :
A ps f pu + As f y As f y 0,85 1 f c(bd 2 w)hd
c= mm (5.7.3.1.2-3)
0,85 f c 1 2 w
Nu c tnh c mang du m tnh li theo cng thc :
A ps f pu + As f y As f y
c= ( 5.7.3.1-4)
0,85 f c 1bd
18
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
a a a
M n = A ps f ps d p + As f y d s As f y d s
2 2 2
a- chiu cao biu ng sut qui i ca b tng chu nn a=1c .
M r = Mn
- h s khng un ly bng 1,0
v b cp DL ( Mpa) .
x
Ec = 0,043 y c1,5 f c yc -t trng ca
3
b tng 2400kg/m
Es = 2105 Mpa
Eps = 1,97105 Mpa
i vi dm c chiu cao di 400mm th :
= 2,0
= 450
5.2.2- Sc khng ct danh nh ca mt ct :
V n = Vc + V s + V p (N) ( 5.8.3.3-1)
Cc thnh phn hng dn tnh trn .
5.3- Tnh duyt chng ct :
Vn Qtt
20
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
(
f pF = f pj 1 e ( Kx+ ) ) Mpa ( 5.9.5.2-2)
fpj - ng sut trong ct thp khi ang cng bng kch , c th ly bng 0,9fpu Mpa
K- h s ma st lc tnh trn mi mm chiu di ct thp ly bng 6,610-7
- h s ma st trt , ly bng 0,15 .
- tng cc gi tr tuyt i ca cc gc un ca b ct thp so vi ng trc
ca b tnh t im neo kch ( nu ko bng 1 kch ) hoc t im neo kch
gn nht ( nu ko bng 2 kch) n mt ct xt ( Rad) .
x- chiu di on b ct thp tnh t im neo kch ni trn n mt ct xt (mm)
Nu b cp un cong trong c mt phng ng v mt phng ngang , th phi
tnh bng cch cng vc t :
= 2x + 2y
6.2.3- Mt mt do co ngn n hi ca b tng :
f pES =
(N 1) E ps f cgp Mpa ( 5.9.5.2.3b-1)
2N E ci
N- s lng cc b ct thp chu m men m .
Eci - m uyn n hi ca b tng lc truyn DL ti mt ct xt Mpa
fcgp- tng ng sut b tng trng tm ca cc b ct thp do lc nn trc v
tnh ti DC ti mt ct nh tr . Mpa.
fpe - ng sut c hiu trong ct thp sau khi truyn DL ln dm ly bng 0,74fpu
Ac0 - din tch mt ct nh tr ( khng c vch) tr rnh ca b tng mm2
Ic0 - m men qun tnh ca mt ct nh tr tr rnh ca b tng mm4
A ps f pe M DC A ps f pe d p 0
f cgp = d p0 Mpa (5.9.5.2.3b-2)
Ac 0 I c0
MDC - m men do tnh ti s 1 ti mt ct nh tr vi hs ti trng =1 .
dp0 - khong cch t trng tm cc b ct thp DL n trng tm ca tit din
hp dm ti nh tr mm .
6.2.4- Mt mt do co ngt ca b tng :
f SR = (93 0,85 H ) Mpa
21
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
22
Hng dn TKTN Chu Vit Bnh
Bng gi tr v .
/f'c x x1000
-0.2 -0.15 -0.1 0 0.125 0.25 0.5 0.75 1 1.5 2
0.05 27 27 27 27 27 28.5 29 33 36 41 43
6.78 6.17 5.63 4.88 3.99 3.49 2.51 2.37 2.23 1.95 1.72
0.075 27 27 27 27 27 27.5 30 33.5 36 40 42
6.78 6.17 5.63 4.88 3.65 3.01 2.47 2.33 2.16 1.9 1.65
0.1 23.5 23.5 23.5 23.5 24 26.5 30.5 34 36 38 39
6.5 5.87 5.31 3.26 2.61 2.54 2.41 2.28 2.09 1.72 1.45
0.125 20 21 22 23.5 26 28 31.5 34 36 37 38
2.71 2.71 2.71 2.6 2.57 2.5 2.37 2.18 2.01 1.6 1.35
0.15 22 22.5 23.5 25 27 29 32 34 36 36.5 37
2.66 2.61 2.61 2.55 2.5 2.45 2.28 2.06 1.93 1.5 1.24
0.175 23.5 24 25 26.5 28 30 32.5 34 36 35.5 36
2.59 2.58 2.54 2.5 2.41 2.39 2.2 1.95 1.74 1.21 1
0.2 25 25.5 26.5 27.5 29 31 33 34 34.5 35 36
2.55 2.49 2.48 2.45 2.37 2.33 2.1 1.82 1.58 1.21 1
0.225 26.5 27 27.5 29 30.5 32 33 34 34.5 36.5 39
2.45 2.38 2.43 2.37 2.33 2.27 1.92 1.67 1.43 1.18 1.14
0.25 28 28.5 29 30 31 32 33 34 35.5 38.5 41.5
2.36 2.32 2.36 2.3 2.28 2.01 1.64 1.52 1.4 1.3 1.25
Ban u cho mt gi tr v d 27 , thay vo cng thc (5.8.3.4.2-2) xc nh x , theo
0
x tra bng tm ' , tip tc thay vo cng thc trn xc nh 'x v tra bng tm '' cho
n khi gi tr gia hai ln tra chnh lch khng qu 10% .
vii- tnh duyt cng :
1-Xc nh vng do hot ti x (1+IM)
+ cng ca tit din l EIg vi
- Muyn n hi E ca b tng xc nh theo cng thc :
Ec = 0,043 y c1,5 f c
yc -t trng ca b tng 2400kg/m3
- Ig m men qun tnh tit din nguyn ca b tng
2- iu kin tnh duyt :
1
f L
800
3- Xc nh vng do cc ti trng tc dng lu di bng vng do hot ti nhn
vi h s bng 4,0 .
23