BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO TT — 12944-5:1998 Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems — | Part 5: Protective paint systems | \ ‘The European Standard EN ISO 12944-5:1998 has the status of a British Standard es 00, 1.0810 a 2 GD mJ British Standards NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Copyright by the Eritish tendards Institution fi Sep 20 02-1247 20022944-5:1998 This British Standard, having thgon prepared under the tbrection ofthe Sevoe (Commitee for Materials and Chemicals, was polished under the anthony of the Standards Commies ad comes ito effet ‘on 15 November 195 © St 1988, ISBN 0580 90248 9 National foreword ‘This British Standard is tho English language vorsion of EN ISO 12044.5:1998. Ik ix identical with ISO 12944-5:1998, Together with the other seven parts of BS EN ISO 12944, it partially supersedes BS 5493:1977 which is declared obsolescent, ‘The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STU27, Paint systems for metalic substrates, which has the responsibility to: — ald enquirers to understand the text; — present to the responsible intemational/European committee any enquiries ‘on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK Interests, informed; — monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Alist of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request t0 Cross-references Attention is drawn to the fact that CEN and CENELEC Standards normally include ‘an annex which lists normative references to internatioral publications with their ‘corresponding European publications, The British Standards which implement intemational or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “Intemational Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages ‘This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO tite page, the EN 180 foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages I to 28, an inside back cover and a back cover. Amendments issued since publication ‘Amd.No. [Date Text affected Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EUROPEAN STANDARD EN ISO 12944-5 NORME EUROPEENNE EUROPAISCHE NORM May 1998 Ic$ 87.020; 91,080.10 Descriptors: see ISO docum English version Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems - Part 5: Protective paint systems {ISO 12944-5:1998) Peintues et vers -Anticorason des stuctres an acier ‘Beschichtungssiofie-Kortosionsschutz von Siahbauten par systemes de peintur - Part 5: Sysiimes de pealure urch Beschicntungssysteme - Tel 5: (150 129:45:1998) osoniontungesystems (teu ea S18) ‘Tis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 Novernber 1997, ‘CEN mambsre are bound o comply wth tho CENICENELEC Inlomal Regulations which aiplate the conestone lor giving thie Europoan Standard the status ofa rational standard wihout any eleration. Up-to-date fats and bbiographcal references coneering such naionl standards may be obtained on application tothe Central Secretariat orto ary CEN member. ‘This European Standard exsisin three cfcial versions (English, Ferch, German), A version in any other language made by translation uncer the responsiily of GEN member ina ts ewn language ard nolited to the Central Secretariat has the same status as th oficial (CEN members ate the national stancards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Fiance, Germany, Groecs, ‘eolang, rane, aly, Lixe™eourg, Nemalanas, Norway, Perugal, Span, Sweden, Swzenana ana Untea Kingoom, zeae EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPAISCHES KOMITEE FOR NORMUNG Contra! Secretariat: ue de Stassart, 388-1050 Brussels 2.1998 CEN Al rights cf expiation in any form and by any means reserved Fel. No. EN ISO 12044-5-1908 ‘wotévige lor CEN national Members. Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 Foreword ‘The text of the International Standard ISO 12944-5:1998 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38 “Paints and varnishes" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 “Paints and varnishes", the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1998, ‘Aecording to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations. the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Itely, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsament notice The text of the International Standard ISO 12944-5:1998 was approved by CEN as a European ‘Standard without any modification. NOTE: Normative references to International Standards are listed in annex ZA (normative). Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 INTERNATIONAL Iso STANDARD 12944-5 First edition 1998-05-15 Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems — Part 5: Protective paint systems Peintures et vernis — Anticorrasion des structures en acier par systémes de peinture — Partie 5: Systemes de peinture Reference number == 180 12944-6:1998(E) Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 CONTENTS Annex A Annex B Annex C Annex ZA, Page Scope. o 1 ‘Normative references: . - 1 Definitions : . - 2 ‘Types of paint. 4 Paint systems os 6 Paint systems for corrosivity categories and categories for water ad ei 2 Prefabrication primers 24 General properties of different generic types of paint. 7 Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications... stats 28 Descriptors: paints, vamnisnas, stool constructon, carosion, coresionproventon, protective coatings, paint coats, painting Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944- 1998 FOREWORD ISO (he International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical ‘committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the tight to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part inthe work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) ‘on ll matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by dhe technical committees are vinuulated ty dhe 1 buaies for voting Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75% of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 1294-5 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, Sub- ‘committee SC 14, Protective paint systems for steel structures. ISO 12944 consists of the following parts under the general title Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems: Part}: General introduction = Part 2: Classification of environments = Part 3: Desizn considerations = Part 4: Types of surface and surface preparation = Part 5: Protective paint systems = Part 6: Laboratory performance test methods = Part 7: Execution and supervision of paint work = Parr: Development of specifications for new work and maintenance Annexes A t0 C of this port of ISO 12044 are for information only, Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002ENISO 12944-5:1998 INTRODUCTION Unprotected steel in the atmosphere, in water and in soil is subjected to corrasion that may lead to damage. Therefore to avoid corrosion damage, steel structures are normally protected to withstand the corrosion stresses during the service life requited of the structure “There are different ways of protecting ste! structures from corrosion, ISO 12944 deals with protection by paint systems and covers, in the various pats, all features that are important in achieving adequate corrosion protection. Adéitional or other measures are possible but require particular agreement between the interested partes. In order to ensure effective corrosion protection of steel structures, it is necessary for owners of such structures, plannors, concultante, companies carying out corrasion protection work, inspectare of protective cnatings and ‘manufacturers of coating materials to have at their disposal state-of-the-art information in concise form on corrosion protection by paint systems. Such information bas to be as complete as possible, unambiguous and easily understandable to avoid difficulties and misunderstandings between the parties concerned with the practical implementation of protection work. ‘This International Standard - ISO 12944 -is intended to give this information in the form of a series of instructions. I is written for those who heve some technical knowledge. It is also assumed that the user of ISO 12044 is famifiar with other relevant International Standards, in particular those dealing with surface preparation, as well as relevant national regulations. Although ISO 12944 does not deal with finsncial and contractual questions, attention is drawn to the fact that, because fof the considerable implications of inadequate corrosion protection, non-compliance with requirements and recommendations given in this standard may result in serious financial consequene: ISO 1294-1 defines the overall scope of all parts of ISO 12944, It gives some basic terms and definitions and a general introduction to the other parts of ISO 12944, Furthermore, it includes a ganeral statement on health, safety and environmental protection, and guidelines for using ISO 12944 for 2 given project. This part of ISO 12944 gives some terms and definitions related to paint systems in combination with guidance for the selection of different types of protective paint system. Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 Paints and varnishes — Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems — Part 5: Protective paint systems 1 SCOPE This part of ISO 12944 describes the types of paint and paint system commonly used for corrosion protection of steel structures. Tt also provides guidance for the selection of paint systems available for different environments (see ISO 12944-2), surface preparation grades (see ISO 12944-4) and durabilites to be expected (see 180 129441). The durability of pain systems is classified in terms of low, medium and high, 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES ‘The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 12944. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid, All standards are subject 10 revision, and parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 12944 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Stondards ISO 2808:1997 Paints and varnishes - Determination of film thickness ISO 35491995 Zine dust pigments for paints - Specifications and test methods 1S0 4628-1:1982 Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation of invensty, quanity unl sice of common types of defect Part 1: General principles and rating schemes. ISO 4628-2:1982 Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect Part 2: Designation of degree of blistering. ISO 4628-3:1982 Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect ~ Part 3: Designation of degree of rusting ISO 4628-4:1982 Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation of. intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect Part 4: Designation of degree of cracking. ISO 4628-5:1982 Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation of Intensity, quantity and size of conmon types of defect Part 5: Designation of degree of flaking. ISO 4628-6:1990 Paints and varnishes - Evaluation of degradation of paint coatings - Designation of intensity, quantity and size of common types of defect ~ Part 6: Rating of degree of chalking by tape method. Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 150 8501-1:1988 Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products Visual assessment of surface cleanliness Part I: Rust grades and preparation grades of uncoated steel substrates and of steel substrates after overall removal of previous coatings. 180 8503-2:1988 Preparation of weet substrates before applicarion of pains and relared products Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates Part 2: Method for the grading of surface profile of abrasive blast-cleaned steel Comparator procedure. ISO 12944-1:1998 Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective puint systems - Part I: General introduction, TSO 12944.2:1998 Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paints syoteins = Purt 2, Classification of environments ISO 17044.4:1008 Paints and varnishes ~ Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems - Part 4: Types of surface and surface preparation ISO 12944-6:1998 Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems - Part 6: Laboratory performance test methods 3 DEFINITIONS This clause covers those expressions which are used in this part of ISO 12944 and not covered by ISO 12944-1 31 High-buitd ‘The property of a coating material which permits the application of a coat of greater thickness than usually consides as normal for that type of coating. For the purposes of this part of IS@ 12944, this means 280 um dry film thickness 22 High solid A term used to describe paint materials witha greater than normal volume of solids 33 Compatibility () of products in a paint system: “The ability of ewo or more producis to be used in a paint system without causing undesirable effects, 1) of a product with the substrate: The ability ofa product to be applied to a substrate without causing undesirable effects. 34 Priming coats) The fist coat(s} of a paint system, obtained by application of ap Priming coats provide good adhesion to sufficiently roughened, cleaned metal and/or cleaned olt coating, ensuring & sound base for and offering adhesion to the subsequent coats. They normaly also provide corrosion protection during the overcoating interval and the whole service life ofthe paint system, 35 Intermediate coat(s) Coat(s) between priming and top coats). NOTE 1 In the English language, the term "undercoat" is sometimes used synonymously, normally for @ coat applied directly bofore the top coats) Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 36 Top coat(s) The last coat(s) of a paint system, designed to protect the coats beneath from the environment, to contribute to the overall corrosion protection offered by the system and to give the requisite colour, 37 Tiecoat ‘A-coat designed to improve intercoat adhasion and/or avoid lin defects during application. 38 Stripe coat A supplementary coat applied to ensure adequate protection of critical eas like edges, welds ete 39 Dry film thickness (DFT) The thickness of a coating remaining on the surface when the coating has hardened, 310 Nominal dry film thickness (NDFT) ‘The dry film thickness specified for each coat or for the whole paint system to achieve the required durability, 341 Maximum dry fim thickness ‘The highest aocoptable dey tlm thickness above which the performance of the paint oF the paint system may be impaired 3.12 Primer A\ paint that has been Formulated for use asa priming coat on prepared surfaces, commonly under subsequent coats. 313 Prefabrication primer [A fastdrying paint that is applied to the blast-clea still allowing the steel to be welded. 10d sol of a structure to protect the steel during fabrication while NOTE2 —_ Inmany languages, etm pre-fabrication primer does not have the same meaning as in English, 31d Potlife ‘The maximum time during which a coating material supplied ws separate components should be used after they have been mixed together. BAS Shelf life ‘The time during which a coating material will remain in good condition when stored in its original sealed containers under normal storage conditions. NOTE3 The expression “normal storage conditions” is usually understood to mean storage between +3 °C and +30 °C, 3.16 VOC (volatile organic compound) Fundamentally, any organic liquid and/or solid that evaporates spontaneously at the prevailing temperature and pressute of the atmosphere with which itis in contact, AS {0 current usage of the term VOC in the field of coating materials see 3.1 Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 317 VOC content (votati ‘organic compound content/VOCC) “The mass ofthe volatile organic compounds present in a coating material, as determined under specified condition. NOTE 4 The exact interpretation of the word “volatile” will depend on the sphere of application of the coating material and the conditions al the place of application. For each sphere of application, the limiting values of the ¥OC ‘content and the methods of determination or calculation are stipulated by regulations or by agreements. 4 ‘TYPES OF PAINT The following generic types of paint are widely used in paint systems for the protection of steel structures against corrosion. Typical binders for these paints are mentioned in the following sub-clauses. Many other modifications or combinations of them will also be possible. NOTES The information given hereafier concerns only the chemical and physical properties of paints and not the way they are used. The limits given for drying and curing temperatures aro indicative only. Variations can bo expected for each type of paint depending on its formulation. 41 Aicdrying paints The film hardens by evaporation of organic solvents or water followed by resction of the binder with oxygen inthe ar. “Typlca binders are: — alla: = urethane alkyd = epoxy ester. ‘The drying time will depend, among other things, on the temperature, The reaction with oxygen ean take place down to 0°C, although at low temperatures itis much slower. 4.2 Physically drying paints Formulations of these paints can he salve chore oF water-home. 42.1 Solvent-borne paints ‘The film dries by evaporation ofthe solvents. The process is reversible, ie. the dry film cemains soluble in its original solvents Typical binders are chlorinated rubber; = vinyl chloride copolymers (also known as PVC); = acrylic resins: = bitumen, ‘The drying time will depend, among other things, on air movement and temperature. Drying can take place down to °C, although at low temperatures itis much slower. 4.2.2 Water-borne paints In these paints the binder i dispersed in water, ‘The film hardens by evaporation of water and film-forming (coalescence) of the dispersed binder. “The process is not reversible, ic. this type of coating is not redispersible in water after drying Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 ‘Typical binders are: = acrylic dispersions: = vinyl dispersions: = polyurethane dispersions ‘The drying time will depend, among other things, on air movement, relative humidity and temperature. Drying can take place down to +3 °C, although at low temperatures it is mach slower. 43° Chemically curing paints In general, this type of paint consists of a base component and a curing agent component, ‘The paint film cures by evaporation of solvents, if present, and subsequent chemical reaction between the base and the ‘curing agent component ‘The types given in 4.3.1, 4.3.2 and 4.3.3 are in us. 43, Epoxy 2-pack paints Base component ‘The binders in the base component are polymers having epoxy groups which react with suitable curing agents, ‘Typical binders ace = epony: = epoxy vinybepoxy acrylic: = epoxy combinations (e.g. epoxy hydrocarbon resins or epoxy coal tar. Formulations can be solvent-borne, water-borne or solvent-free Epoxies chalk when exposed to sunlight, If colour or gloss retention is required, the top coat should be an aliphatic polyurethane (4.32) oF a suitable physically eeying type (4.9) Curing agent component Polyaminoamines (polyamines), polyaminoamides (polyamides) or adducts of these are most commonly used. Polyamides are more suitable for primers because of their good wetting properties. Polyamines lead to coatings which are generally more resistant co chomicals, Curing does not require exposure to air. The drying time will depend amongst other things on air movement and on the temperature, The curing reaction can take place down to +5 °C. 432 Polyurethane 2-pack paints ‘base component “The binder are polymers with free hydroxyl groupe which react with suitable curing agents: Formulations canbe solvent-borne or solvent-free. ‘Typical binders are: = polyester ~ acrylate; ~ epoxy: polyether: = fluoro resin Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 Curing agent component Aromatic or aliphatic polyisceyanates are most com Aiphatic-polyisocyanate-cured products have excellent gloss-retention and colour-retention properties if combined ‘with a suitable base component, Aromatic-polyisocyanste-curing agents give faster drying but are lest suitable for exterior exposure, tending to chalk and discolour more rapidly, Curing does noc require exposure to air. However, the drying ti e will depend, among other things, on air movement and temperature, The curing reaction can take place down to 0 °C, or lower, but the relative humidity should preferably bbe kept within the paint manutacturer’s recommended range to ensure coatings free from bubbling and pinhoting 433° Molsture curing paints “The film dries by solvent evaporation. I cures chemically by reacting with moisture from the ar, eal (ypes are: polyurethane (1-pack): alkyl silicate, og cthyl silicate (2-pack) = ethyl silicate (I-pack) The drying time will depend, amongst other things, on the temperature, the air movement, the humidity and the fim thickness. The curing reaction can take place down to 0°C, of lower, provided thatthe air still contains monsture, ‘The lower the relative humidity, the slower the curing. Its important that manufacturers instructions regarding the limits for moisture, relative humidity and wet and dry film thickness are complied with in order to avoid bubbling, pinholing, detachment etc. in the coating. 44 General properties of different generic types of ps Furthet information is given in annex. C. This informative annex is intended only as an aid {0 selection, but if itis used ic shal be used in combination with dhe tables in annex A, manufacturers published dace and infortmation from previews projects 8 PAINT SYSTEMS 51 ynments and surfaces to be painted S.L.1 Classification of environments Im accordance with ISO 12944. he environment is divided imo the following categories: Six atmospheric corrosivity categories Cl very low Clow C3 medium Co high C5.1 very high (industrial) C5M very high (marine) ‘Three categories for water and soil Im} immersion in fresh water JIm2 immersion in sea or brackish water JIim3 buried in soit Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 5.1.2 Surfaces to be painted SuL2L New structures ‘The paint systems listed in annex A are related to surface preparation grades Sa 2¥4 and St 2 Fo see surfaces prepared to St 2, rust grado € at detined in ISO 8501-1 isthe reference grado. Tho roughnoss of a surface is generally expressed 28 the height ofthe major peaks relative to the major valleys. A method for grading the surface profile of abrasive blast leaned stelis described in ISO 8503-2 ‘The paint systems listed in annex A are typical exumples of systems used in the environments defined in ISO 2944-2. [No corrosion protection is required for items in corrosion category Cl. If painting is necessary for aesthetic reasons, the systems in table A.2 (cortosion category C2) may be used ‘The mechanical of chemical surface treatment required for hot-dip-galvanized surfaces is described in ISO 1294-4 5.1.22 Maintenance For maintenance of previously coated surfaces, the condition of the existing coating and the surfaces shall be checked using suitable methods, e.g. ISO 4628, to determine whether partial or complete repainting should be carried out, The type of surface preparation and protective paint system shall then be spectlied. ‘The paint manufacturer should be ‘consulted for recommendations. Test areas may be prepared to chcck the manufacturer's recommendations. 52 Typeof primer Tables A.1 to A.9 in annex A give information on the type of primer to be used, and indicate whether the pe zine-tich or based on other pigments. For zine-rich primers, the minimum rine dust pigment content of the non-volatile portion of the paint shall be 80 % by mass (nvm). both for organic and inorganic binders. This figure is the basis for the durabilities given for the paint systems with zine-rich primers in tables A.1 to A.8. The zinc dust pigment shall comply with the requirements specified in ISO 3549, NOTE6 A method for the determination of the zinc dust pigment content of the non-volatile portion of paints is described in ASTM D 2371-85, Standard Test Method for Pigment Content of Solvent-Reducible Paints NOTE7 Some countries have national standards with a minimum content higher than 80 % by mass (mém). A higher zine dust pigment content generally smproves the durability of paint systems. 5.3 Low-VOC paint systems ‘The examples listed in annex A include paint systems with a low VOC content designed to meet requirements for low emission of solvents, For each corrosivity category one or two separate tables indicate whether the paints for the paint systems listed are available as water-borne materials, or as a I-pack ot 2-pack. Several ofthe paint systems listed can include either high- solids or watet-bome pains for both the primer and the top coating materiaks, or a combination of high-solids and ‘water-borne paints. $4 Dry film thickness Definitions of dry film thickness (DET) and nominal dry film thickness (NDFT) aze given in clause 3 Filmy thicknesses indicated in the tables in annex AA are nominal dry film thicknesses. Dry film thicknesses are generally ‘checked on the complete paint system. Where judged appropriate the dry film thickness ofthe priming coat or of other parts of the paint system may be measured separately. Depending on the instrument calibration, measurement method and file thickness, the roughness af the steel surface will haven different degree of influence on the measurement result, Methods for the measurement of film thickness are described in ISO 2808. The procedure for checking nominal dry film thicknesses (instruments, calibration, and any allowance to be made for the contribution of the surface roughness 1 the result) shall be agreed between the Inerested partes. Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 Unless agreed otherwise, individual dry film thicknesses of less than 80% of the nominal dry film thickness are not ‘acceptable. Unless agreed otherwise individual values between 80 % and 100 & of the nominal dry film thickness are ‘acceptable provided thatthe overall average (mean) is equal (o or greater than the nomminal dry film thickness Care shall be taken to achieve the nominal dry film thickness and to avoid areas of excessive thickness. Tt is recommended that the maximum dry film thickness is not greater than 3 times the nominal film thickness. In the case of excessive maximum dry fil thickness, expert agreement shall be found between the parties. For products or systems hich have a critical maximum dry film thickness or, in special cases, information given in the paint manufactur technical data sheet shall be observed. The number of coats and the dry film thicknesses quoted in annex A are based on the use of airiess spray application Application by roller, brush or conventional spraying equipment will produce lower film thicknesses, and more coats ‘will be needed to produce the same dry film thickness for the system. Consult the manufacturer for more information. 58° Durability Definitions of both durability and durability ranges are given in ISO 12944-1 ‘The durability of a protective paint system depends on several parameters, such as the type of paint system: the design ofthe structure; the condition of the substrate before preparation: the effectiveness of the surface preparation; the standard of the application works the conditions during application: = the exposure conditions afer application “The condition of the paint system applied can be assessed by means of ISO 4628-1 to ISO 4628-6. It has been assumed in compiting the tables in annex A thet the frst major maintenance painting would normally need to be carried out for reasons of corrosion protection once the coating has reached the level Ri 3 as defined in [SO 4628-3. Based on this precondition, durability has been indicated in this part of ISO 12944 in terms of three ranges low (Ly 205 years ‘medium (M) 50 15 years high ‘more than 15 years ‘The Uurability range is not "guarantee time", Durability isa technical consideration that can help the owner eet up a maintenance programme. A guarantee time is a consideration that is the legal subject of clauses in the administrative part of the contract. The guarantee time is usually shorter than the durability range. There are no rules that link the two periods of time. “Maintenance is often required at more frequent intervals because of fading, chalking, contamination or wear and tear, or for aesthetic or other reasons, 5.6 Shop and site application To ensure maximum performance of a paint system, the majority of the coats of the system or, if possible, the complete system, should preferably be applied in the shop. The advantages and disadvantages of shop application are as follows: Advantages Disadvantages a) Better control of application 4) Possible limitation ofthe size of the building components b) Controlled temperature ) Damage due to handling, transport and erection ©) Controlled relative humidity ©) Overooating time can be exceeded 6) Easier repair of damage 44) Possible contamination of the last coat 6) Greater eutput Better waste and pollution control 8 Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 After completion of fabrication on ste, any damage shall be touched up and the complete structure ean then he coated with the final coat of the paint system. Site application of the coating system will he sicangly influenced hy the daily weather conditions which will also have a certain influence on the expected lifetime. If preloaded bearing type connections are to be painted, paint systems shall be used which do not lead to an tumeceptable decrease in the prelosling force, The paint systoms selected and/or the precautions taken for such ‘connections will depend on the type of structure and on subsequent handling, assembly and transportation, 57 Tables for paint systems ‘The tables piven in annex A give examples of paint systems for several environments. The paints used for all these «ystems shall be suitable for the highest corrosion stress of the given corrosivity or immersion category. The specifier Shall have access tO documentation, oF & Statement from the paint manufacturer, confirming the suitability oF the durability ofa paint system in a given corrosivty or immersion category. Uf required, the suitability or durability ofthe paint system shall bo demonstrated by experience and/or artficial-ageing tess in accordance with ISO 2944-6 or as ‘rherwise aed. For paint systems based on new products or when no experience has been obtained with a particular system, the paint system shall be tested at least in accordance with ISO 12944-6 and meet the requirements given. ‘The paint systems have been listed in the tables using two different principles: 8) In tables A.1, A.5 and A.9, which lst systems for more than one corrosivity category (lable A.I and A.S are referred to in the following as “summarizing tables"), the systems have been arranged according to the binder used in the top coat. This arrangement is more convenient when the performance properties ofthe top coat are to be taken as the basis for the system selection, and for comparison of the overall durability of paint systems for ‘more than one corrosivity category when the corrosivity category is wot known exactly D) In tables A.2, A.3, A8, A.6, AT and A.B, whieh lst systems for one corrosivity category only (referred to i the following as “individual tables"), the systems have been arranged according to the binder used in the priming ‘coat, This arrangement is convenient for users who know exactly the corrosivity category of the environment to which their structure is exposed, NOTE+8 The paint systems listed have been chosen taking into account systems used as "typical systems" in several countries, This has necessarily led to some systems being listed which are not typical in other countries. It has ‘been concluded, however, that a simple overview cannot be given, nor can all options be covered NOTE9 In several cases, systems have been included with more coats bur no inerease in expected durability. The application of more coats may be necessary, and will be cost-efficient in particular cases (see also ISO 129441, sub- clause 4.3), ta specifier intends to make use of the paint systems listed in the tables, he should first decide wether he will use paint systems from summarizing tables or from individual tables because the system numbering is different in the two types of table. All examples of paint systems for corrosivity categories C2, C3 and Cé are given in table A.1. Tables A.2, A.3 and Aa ‘show separately the same paint systems for each of these corrosivity categories. A paint aystem is not shown in lable A.2 if itis shown as having a durability classification “high” in table A.3. Likewise, a paint system is not shown in table A.2 oF A.3 if shown as "high" ia table A. Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 58 Designation of listed paint systems A paint system given in tables A.1 to A. is designated by its system number given in the left-hand column in each table (S = systom). The designation shall be given in the following form (example taken from table At for paint systom No. SL.O1y ISO 12944-5/S1.01 In cases where coats with different binders are given under one and the samme paint system number, the designation shall include the binders used in the priming and top coals and shall be given in the following form (example taken from table A.2 for painc system No. $2.09) 180 12044.5/82.00- AKJAY. If a paint system cannot be allocated to one of the systems listed in tables A.1 to A. full information regarding surface preparation, generic type, number of coats, nominal dry film thickness etc. shall be given in the same way as indicated inthe tables. 10 Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN TSO 12944-5:1998 (Blank page) 1 Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 Annex A (informative) Paint systems for corrosivity categories and categories for water and soil 12 Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002Copyright by the Eritish Standards Institation Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 ‘Table A.2: Paint systems for corrosivity category C2 ‘The paint systems given in he follwing table ae only etamples, Other paint systems having these performance ae possible Ir these examples ae used shall Be ensured that he pat systems chosen comply with the indicated duabiliy whem execution ofthe pint work takes lace as specified See cio 57 Paint] Surface Priming coat "Top cate Incaing Taiataysem [Expected durabiiny System] preparation intermediate coats (see 338 and 180 129441) SST] Binders Pippo] Nomar |NOFT] — Binder —[Nambey NOP] Number] Toa [Low [Medion] High Jpame2|orcoats | um touts] ym. | efcoats | NDFT jsxor_[ x i | # _[o« [2 |» S202 = 1 | fo [2 |» feak fsa00 x 2 fw aK | [23 [i ee [5206 x aK Mise. [12 [90 wo | 24 | 60 Z | Sra 2 [iw 12) 100 a isso | x z>o pare [ele | fw fn 2.10 x afte | ve [elo] slop = ise x Fa Pe = = | Po sei2 x ay i ay TL [2 | & isa) AY, CR PVE 2 | w favcrrve] 12 | a | 34 | 10 sae x | © fw | 2 [ow a : szis x cy | w |e [ 23 [no a S26 x 12 [| semen [ia | wo | 2a | oo ee S27 x | erur fam] 2 | = — 2 Tw [sous es ifs = ~[T Te Te = Binders for priming coats) [Paras aiquidy | Binders tor topcoats) Paints (guid) No ofcomponens| Ware Te ofcompoeents] Water ome ome Teich [250k | posse pack | pack | posse ro ai = kag : = on ‘Chionnaied abber| x (CR = Chlorine aber x AY. Acyie x x_[ay_ = Acai. x z ve Poiyeiny lorie [x PvE Polyvinyl ono x EP Epo a a == Est Ethyl sea w [ox POR Polyurane rs Pom Pot ued 1) Fort 2. east gre Cs defined in ISO 8801.1 the reference grade. Foe Sa 28 mst grade A, or Cae defined in [SO 8501-1 8 the reference grade, 2} Zn) =Zinoreh phe, se 5.2, Mie. = Micllanous peso ancorsive pigments 3) NDFP= Nomina! Dry Film Thickness. See 5.4 for further deals 4) Icisrecommendcd that compatiblity i checked with he pit manufacture. 5) Ircolow and gloss rnton reine is recommend th! he ast cot shoud be based on aliphatic PUR, 66) For explanaion of abbreviations, se foot of whe 15 Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 ‘Table A.3: Paint systems for corrosi ty category C3 “The put systems given in the ollowing able are ony exatples, Othe: pant systems Raving the sme performance ate posse 1 these examples ae used it shall be ensured that the pat systems chosen comply with einen darby when execution ofthe paint work takes ace a speciied Se leo 57 Paint Priming satay Top con fncling Paiatapsem | Exposed darabiing System intermediate coats) (see 85 and 180 12944-1) Bing | Topeak Namba] NOFT™| — Bande Named NDFT[Nambe] Toal_| Taw [Meum] Tigh pamer fof oat] ym forcoat| um fot coas| OFT um [ssor_ [x zw Tp ~ [3 | 10 [ss03 [x a0 ax [aa [eo [3s [160 sx00 1 [a0 | oa | 10 issos_[ x ax | atic [2 [a0 23 | 90) 45 | 200 5306 x 2 | 23 [20 [35 [200 s3.07, = Te [wo] are [35 | 30 [G0 [sss x 2 | 2a P10 | es | om fss.10 x 12 |) 2 [60 [33 [240 sa.2 =] Ay, cR, pve 12 [wo] av.cr.eve [12 [a0 | 24 | 160 sas x 2 | 90) 23 [0 [ss ss.i8 x |) 23 [160 s3.15 x 160 ae Lp st16 x TE] “3 fsu07 x ep [wo] ev euro [2 sa8 x | zy fone fe [sss x 0, 2a [eo Pas S320 x Tp vor) [12 | 0] 23 | 160 322 x] er.pure | za [oT a0 33 Li) [200 ssas [| 0 _pavew re | 2 | fo [100 sx20 |] pw 33 [| + [200 sss xT pow = a ss26 x fw paver ne| oa | om Pes [0 [s326 x 1 ff eeror® [a | Pos | 10 Binders for priming coats Paints guid) [Binders for tp coats) Paints guid Ra ofconpevents] Wate Fo ofcomponens] War were ome Tak [Epa | posible Trask] pack | possible aR ik x A Good g2|o8 : oS ue} | ale ls = Notrelevant ol sl, {Sls .| elss) 2 8) | 2/25/28) 2) 2] ea] 3 The ratings may vary for different <)a@)]*/e5/e2)%) 2) 22) & formulations of the same generic type of| 33/38 N/a | s product!) 22/23 Glows tenon alaloTetape y= Pet.) eT © ‘Colour retention AIA 2 ela e oTe — ~ = [Reiman Si [ Waterimmenion apapepeT ere omme Rainicondeasaiton SPOToOToTa To apo Solves ope epee s oe ‘Solvents (splash) peyeyerery eTet crs epee eteTy oT. “Reid plas) alatale t®ta are Akal eTeyTetetere ale “ala apashy alatatatl®T® onm Resitanas ode Feat 60%0 70°C alae Oo fat oO To oT Te poy fo Twa a a oe Te 1201s 7 e e;eye ai alala e e Sie oleteteteTeteteltotete Physical properties { Abrasion reste a i) TTSTATe Tropa eistance alatatal®}o}>tal®toTa Flexibility alatatla aT? oal® tala Hardness alatlatatloTota pom ale] Applicaton 5 Brushing alalalololalalol®lala Rolleroating erereToyoyatalal®tala So so fopopopopfo}ofolfolo 1) Twosymbol in os colon meant sigan fences may ou beh sybols may apy 27 Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002EN ISO 12944-5:1998 ‘Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their relevant European publications Thie European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provieions from other publications. ‘These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated r ces, subsequent amendments to or revi ns of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. Publication ISO 8503-2 1988 ISO 12944-11998 Iso 12944-2 1998 Iso 12944-4 1998 Iso 12944-6 1998 28 Preparation of steel substrates before ‘epplicetion of paints and roloted products ‘Surface roughness characteristics of blast-cleaned steel substrates - Part 2: Method for the grading of surface profile of abrasive blast-cleaned steel - Comparator procedure Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems - Part 1: General introduction Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems - Part 2: Classification of environments Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint ‘systems - Part 4: Types of surface and surface preparation Paints and varnishes - Corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems - Part 6: Laboratory performance test methods Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002 EN EN ISO 8503-2 EN ISO 12944-1 EN ISO 12944-2 EN ISU 12944-4 EN ISO 1294-6 1998 1998 igs 1998 © 8st 1998,Copyright by the Eritish Standards institution Pi Sep 20 02-1247 2002BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London Wa 4aL BSI — British Standards Institution BST is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. 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