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    Toan lop 4

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    Toan lop 4

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF or read online from Scribd
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    12 views82 pages

    150 Toan 4

    Uploaded by

    ThaiAnhBo
    Toan lop 4

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam (ova oana com tote OFtaaH" S16 TosNn 10 ma TUYEN TAP 150 BAI TOAN BOI DU'O'NG HSG MON TOAN LOP 4 Hign tal, HB théng phat tridn trye tuyén Todn I Vigt Nam eung efp cde tai ligu trong diém én luyén thi chong trinh giai toan Violympic trén mang qua cac cchuyen a: 4% Tuyde {ap 11 chuyn a luyén thi Vilympie Toa op 2, © Tuyba 18p 18 chuydn 48 luyén thi Violympie Tod I6p 3, © Tuydntgp 23 chuyén ad luygn thi Vielympie Toan lop 4, + Tuyén tp 8 chuyén dé luyén thi Violympic Toan Iép 5, Tuya tp cdc de thi Violympic Toan Tiéng Vist kn6i 2, 3, 4, 5 cdc nam va oS hugng gid chi 16 + Tuydn tp edo ab thi Violympie Tod Tiéng Anh Khéi 2, 9, 4, 6 ede nm eé phn dich, hudng d&n gidi chitidt. ol théng tin vA at mua tai igu vu ling ign hé trye tiép cho ching t6i theo: + Hotline: 919.281 916 (Thay Thich) + Emal: HoctosnlQ@gmailoom + Website: ntip//wmw-ToantQ.com “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovaios I 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe BALL: Ngky 8 thing 3 nim 200412 chi ba, Ht sau 60 nim ada thi ngdy 8 thing 3 1h thirmdy ? Bai giai : Nam thuong co 365 ngily (thing hai cd 28 ngity) : nim nhuin c6 366 ngly (thing hai c6 29 ngiy). Ké tir 8 thing 3 nim 2004 thi sau 60 nim la 8 thang 3 nam 2064. Cur 4 nam thi co mot nam nhuga. Nam 2004 1a nam hun, nim 2064 ciing li niim nhusin. Trong 60 riim niy c6 <6 nim nui 60: 4+ 1 = 16 (mim). Nhung vi di que thing hai eta nim 2004 nén tir 8 thing 3 nim 2004 dén 8 thing 3 nam 2064 06 15 nam c6 366 ngay va 45 nim c6 365 ngiy. Vi thé 60 nam c6 s5 agiy li: 366 x 15 +365 x 45 ~ 21915 tuan 18 c6 7 ngay nen ta c6 21915 : 7 ng 3 nm 2004 1é thir ba nén & thing 3 nim 2064 1 chi nh, Bai 2: Ti cé mOt s6 bi khng qua 80 vién, trong dé sO bi dé gap 5 lin so bi xanh. Néu Ti cé thém 3 vién bi xanh nita thi sé bi do gap 4 Lan sé bi xanh. Hoi lic diu Tie may vién bi 6, my vien bi xanh ? Bai gidi : Bai nay cO nbigu cich gidi Khe nhau, xin nu mC cich gid hue Tathdy : 86 bi xan lie du bing 1/5 sb , Sau khi Ti cd thém 3 vién bi xanh nita thi so bi xanh lite dé bang 1/4 so bi a3 Bo do 3 yien bi img voi sd pi eun 6 bi do la: 1 F757 39 000 08) Yajpd Neocon THe du: 3: 60 (ven pp O(n) 8) sath cia Ii db i 60 5 = 12 (va) Vay lite dau Ti cé 60 vin bi dé va 12 vién bi xanh. ‘ViG0 + 12 = 72 nén két qua nay thda man gid thiét vé s6 bi aia TikhOng 06 qua 80 vien. Bai 3 :Cho tong: 1+2+3+4+5+..+49+50. Ligu c@ thé lién tye thay hai sé bat ki biing higu ctin ching cho tai khi due két qua la 0 hay khéng ? :TaditA= 142434445 +..4494 50, in lien tiép tle | dén 50 cd 50 s6, trong do s6 cae sé 1é bang sO ce sé chin néa of 50 5 (s6 1é). Vay AT mit so 18. Goi a vi b lithe “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovata 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe s6 bit ki cia A, khi thay tng a + bbing higua-b thi A giimdi : (a+ b)- (a ~ b) =2 x b tire [a giam di mOt x chin, Higu cua mde sO Ke va mot 6 chin udn 1 mét s6 18 nén sau mdi lin thay, tng méi vin 14 mat sé T8. Vi vay khong bao giis nhan durge két quai la 0. Bai 4; Bac Ha cé hai tim kinh hinh chi nh§t. Chiéu rong cia mai tim kinh bang 1/2 chiéu dai cua né va chiéu dai cua tam kinh nho dung bing chidu rng cia tim kin to. Bée ghép hai tim kinh sét vio nhau va ait ken ban cé dign tich 90 dm’ thi vira khit. Hay tinh kich thwév cia mdi tim: kink 5, 1g cla thm Kia nho Hi 1 dogn th chidu dai cia n6 14 2 doan nhu vay va chiéu réng cia tam kinh to cing la 2 doan, hi 46 chidu dai oda tim kinh to la 4 dogn nhurvly. Néu bic Ha ghép khit ‘tm kinh lai voi nhau sé duoc hinh chit nhat ABCD (hink vé), trong do AMND li tm kinh nh, MECN Id tim kinh to. Dign tich ABCD ti 90 da Chia hinh chir nhgi ABCD thinh 10 hinh vudng uhd, mi canh 1 chitu rong cia tim kinh nh thi dign tich eta mi hinh vung nh ta 90 : 10 = 9 (dm?) AM B DON ic ‘Taco 9=3 x 3, dodo canh hinh vudng la 3 dm. Tam kinh nho co chidu ror 3 dm, chiéu dai 1a 3 x 2=6 (dm). Tam kinh to 0d chiéu rag la 6 dm, chigu dai 6 x 2= 12 (da), BAS | Cho 7 phn Tea NP a 7 Sag‘ 43! ‘Thing chgn durge hai phn 56 ma tong e6 gia tri im nhit. Long chon hai phan s6 ma tong c6 gia tri nho nhat. Tinh tong 4 so ma Thang va Long ai chon. Bi “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovata 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe 9°13 5-5 43 . ‘Vay ta sip xép dure ede phan sé nbur sau : V2 a atr mm 5543 | Tong hai phin s6 e6 gif tr ldn nhat gah ga 40 ‘Téng hai phi sé c6 gif tri nhé nha Ia v2" Agr 36 Ao. i813" 234” 34" Do db téng bon phan so ma Thing va Long di chon la: 49.49" 2008 137 ‘Vi 1/3 14 phan s6 ti gian nén a chia hét cho 3 hoac b chia hét cho 3. Gia stra chia hét cho 3, vi Va< V/3nén a>3mia < 10 do dia =6; 9. Bai 7 ; Viét lign tip cae s6 tir trai sang phai theo cich sau : S6 dau tién la 1, sé thir hai la 2, s6 thir ba la chi s6 tin cing cia tng sé thw mht va sé thir hai, s thi tu fa char s6 tin ciing cua tong s6 thir hai va sO thir ba. Cirtiép tye nhur thé ta duge diy cc s6 nur sau : 1235831459437, ‘Trong diy trén cé xudt hign sé 2005 hay khong ? “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovaios 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe Git st trong sb tao bai ech viét nhu trén 06 xuit hig nhm chit 2005 thi ta co :2 +O sO e6 chit sO tin cig Ia 0 (vt). Vay trong day trén khGng thé xuat hign s6 2005. Bai 8 : C65 doi tham gia dw thi toan dong déi. Tong s6 diém cua ca 5d Ia 144 diém va that thi vi 5 déi déu dat mét trong ba giai : nhit (30 iém) ; nhi (29 diém) ; ba (28 diém). Ching minh sé dai dat gi hit diing mat di. Bai giai Tathay trung binh céng digm cia mét di gidi nhat va mot Adi gi ta chinh ls diem cua Nau s6 doi dat gi mide i dat gi ba thi tong s8 diém cua c@5 Ta 20.5 =145 (digm) > 144 diém, Khong thda min, ‘Néu 36 dQi giai dt nnitu hom sO oi gia ba th tang 145, cing khéng théa man. De 38 di gid nhit phi hom 6 digi ba. Khi 48 ta xSp mat dog nhit va mot doi gidi ba lam thanh mét cap thi cap nay sé cd tong sé diém thing hai d9i git nh, SO d9i ial bo thim ra (khong duge xEp cdp vei mot iad nd) chin la s6 diém ma tong dim cba 5 €Qi nho ban. 145. Vi vay 3 di gidi ba nhigu hon sé di gidi nhit bao nhiéu thi tang diém cia 5 d6i nh hon 145 bay nhieu 5 dQi In hon 1a 144 didmnén s6 agi gidi ba nhidu hom 36 idl ne li 145-144 Bai 9 : Cho (1), @), (3), (4) la cae hinh thang yudng e6 kich thuée bing ahau. Biét ring PQ =4 em. Tinh dign tich hinh chi nhat ABCD. A M B D N c Bai giat : Vi cdc hin thang vuong PQMA, QMBC, QPNC, PNDA bing hau nin : MQ=NP. “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe Mit khic AD = NP + QM Dodo: CN= AD = 8 cm, Dign tich hinh thang vuéng PQCN la: (CN + PQ) x NP: 2 24 (an?) Suy ra: Dign tich hinh chit nhat ABCD li: 24 x 4 = 96 (em’) 444=8 (em) (B44) x4:2 ‘Bai 10: Tich sau day cé tan cing bang chit sd nao? X2X2K...X2x2K 2008 thita 6 2 Bai gidi : Tich ciia bon thita s6 2 la 2 x2 x2x 2= 16 va 2003 : 4 = 500 (dur 3) nén ta c6 thé viet tich eiia 2003 thita sé 2 duréi dang tich cia 500 ahom (mdi nom 1a tich ctia bon thira so 2) va tich ctia ba thira so 2 con Lai Vitich cia cée thiza s6 06 tn cing la 6 cling la s6 06 tan cling bing 6 nén tich ea 500 nhom tren c6 tn cing 1a 6. Do 2x 2x 2= 8nén khi nhén sé c6 tin cling bing 6 voi 8 thi ta dirge s6 0} ‘Gn cing bing 8 (vi 6 x 8 = 48). Vay tich cia 2003 thita sé 2 s¥ la s6 6 td cling bing 8. BAL 11: MOt ngwol mang cam di dé ly tao va Ie. Cut 9 qua cam thi dit duge 2 qua tio va 1 qua Id, § qua téo thi déi duge 2 qua Ié. Néu ngudi dé ‘déi hét 56 cam mang di thi duge 17 qua téo va 13 qua Ie Héi nguii do mang di bao nhiéu quit cam ? Bai giai : 9 qua camdoi duge 2 qua tdo va I qua lénén 18 qua cam ddi durge 4 qui tdo va 2 qua I8. Vi S qua tdo déi duge 2 qua lé nén 18 qua cam di duge :4+5 =9 (qua to). Do d6 2 qua cam d6i duge 1 qua tio. Cit 5 qua tio i duge 2 qui 18 nén 10 qua cam déi duge 2 qua Ié. Vay 5 qua cam abi duge 1 qua le. S6 cam ngudi do mang di dé d6i duye 17 qua tdo va 13 quale la:2x 17 +5x 13 = 99 (qua). Bai 12: Tim mat sé ty mhién sao cho khi ly 1/3 6 46 chia cho 1/17 s6 do thie du li 100, Bai gidi: Vi 17x 3 = 51 néndé d81i tun, ta gia sit s5 trnhién cin timduge chia ra thin 51 phin bing nhau. Khi dy 1/3 5646 1a 51: 3 = 17 (phan) ; 1/17 s6 dé la SL: 17 = 3 (phan). Vi17:3 5 (dur 2) nén 2 phan cia 56 66 £6 gid tri li 100 suy ra.s6 d6 1a: Turbine 23 chnbr luda i Vater Talniée 4] Lén hi mua O19 281916 id tit i = Soteatneeaie ToANIQvcom 100 : 2x 51 = 2550, bao nhigu? B Higu sé tudi cia bé vi con thing bi, True day 4 nim tudi eon bing 1/3 higu niy, do d4 nim chinh la: V2 ~ 10 = 1/6 (higu 6 tu5i cha bo a.com) $5 tubi bé hon con a : 4: 1/6 = 24 (tui), Khi tdi con bing 1/4 higu sé tuéi cua bO va con thi tdi con la: 24x 1/4 =6 (tudi). Lite d6 tudi bb 1a: 6 + 24=30 (td. Bai 14: Hoa cd mdtsgi day dai 16 mét. Bay giv Hoa cin cat doan day dé 4é co doan day dai 10 mét ma trong tay Hoa chi e6 mét cai kéo. Cae ban ‘thé nto khong ? Xin ndu 2 efch clit nhursau: Céch 1 : Gap adi si day liga tiép 3 | phan bing nha @ di mdi phin chia Ia: 16 : 8=2.(m) i in bang nhat thi con la 5 pha Khi d6 d3 dai dogn diy cd lai la: 2 x 5 = 10 (m) Gach 2: Gap doi sgi dy lién tgp 2 lan, Khi do soi diy sé duye chia think 4 phin bing nau | Khi dé sgi diy sé duye chia thanh 8 Dé dai mi phan chia la: 16: 4=4(m) Danh ddu mot phan chia mot dau day, phan doan diy cdn lai duge gap di hai, cit di mot phin 6 dau bén kia thi dé dai doan day cit di la : (16 - 4) :2 om Do dé di di dogn diy cbm Ini fi: 16- 6 = 10 (m) Bai 15 : Mgt thira rugag hinh chi abt duge chia thinh 2 manh nko trong rau va manh con I9i trong ngo (Ainh ve). DI minh tring ngé gép 6 lan diga tich cia manh tréng rau. Chu vi minh tring ngd gip 4 tn chu vimanh trong rau. Tinh dign deh tha rudng ban diu, biét chigu rng ctia né 1a 5 mét, Tuvintis 23 cunér én ti Valo Teiniéa 4/Lénhé maine Tone 1sT6 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam [ cane com Hone 0819281318 ToAN 1Qveom n dign tich minh tring rau mt hai minh c6 chung mot canh nén canh con Iai etia manh trong ngd gap 6 Kin anh cin Iai ca minh trong rau. Goi canh cén igi cia manb trong rau la a thi ‘anh con lai ctia man trong ngo laa x 6. Vi chu vi manh trong ngé (P) 2a 4 lin chu vi minh trdng rau (P3) nén mia chu vi minh tréng ng’ gap 4 lin aia cha vi minh tring rau. Nita chu vi minh trding ngé hon nda chu vi minh trdngrau ld:ax6+5-(@ +5)=5xa. Taco sodo : 15.85 2a x asasiasa sd 2h xa DG di canh o&n igi cia manh tréng raul : 5x3: (5 xa-3xa)=7,5 (en) DQ di can cén lai cua manh trong ngé 1a: 7.5 x 6= 45 (mn) Digi tich thia ugg ban dau Ii: (7,5 + 4,5) x5 = 262,5 ( Bai 16 : Toi di b9 tir truong vé nha vii vj the 5 kvgid. Ve dén nha Lip tie ti dap xe dén buw vgn toc 15 kmigié, Bide ring quing duong tir nha téi truong agin hon quing duong tir nha dén bwu dign 3 km, Ting thoi gian ti di tir trwimg vé nh va tir aba din buu ‘git 32 phut. Ban hay tinh quing dudng tir nha toi dén cruong. “Tho gian 483 km bing xe dap li: 3 : 15 = Dai Fo id 2 phi. Nau bét 3 km quing dung tr nhi dn buu dia thi th gian di ed hai quing diabng tinh den tung va tr nha dén buu dien (4a bot 3 km) la 1 gi 92 phit = 1? phit = gid 20 phit = 80 phit. Vin the dixe dap gdp vn te di bg la: 15 :3~3 (in) 1.2 (gid) “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovaios 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q. ae Khi quing durémg khong déi, van tic ti 1é nghich vai thd gian nén thas gian di tirnha dén tudng gip 3 Ian thoi gian di tirnha dén thu vign (khi da bot di 3.km). Vay : ‘Thi gian di tir nha dén uuomg la : 80: (1-+3) a3 ~ 60 (phit); ‘60 phut = 1 gic ‘Quiing during tir nha dén trutmg la: 1x S~5 (km) 8) Cé th xn di trong tir sb va miu sf nhig sf nko ma gid tr] ed phin 36 vin khong thay doi Khong ? b) Néu ta thém s6 2004 vio mau s6 thi phai thém s6 ty nhién nao vao tir s6 dé phin sé khong déi Bai giai 1424344404840 WHIZ 4 19 +. +24 + 25 Ma = 45/270 = 1/6. 2) BS gid tr cua phin sé khdng 48i thi ta phi xéa nhing s6 oma ma th cia no gip 6 lin tng cia nhiing sé aba di 6 tit. Khi dO tong cic 6 con lai mau cing, gap 6 lan tang cac so con lai otic. Vi vay ddi vai tt céc sé bi xéa vy6i ede 36 cbn Iai 6 tt va mau thi ta s€ €5 thém phuong in x6a, Co nhigu eich x6a, xin gidi thigu mot s6 céch (s6 cc sb bi xoa 6 mau ting dan va tong, chia hét cho 6): mau x62 12 thi tir xa 2; miu xda 18 thi tiexéa 3 hose xéa méu x6a 24 hodc x6a 11, 13 thi tir x6a 4 hoe x6a 1, 3 ; miu x6a 12, 18 ie 14, 16 thi tir x62 5 hoc 2, 3 hoe 1, 4 ; mén xéa 12, 24 hoje 11, 25 hode 13, 23 hose 14, 22 hoje 15, 21 hogc 16, 20 ode 17, 19d ‘tr xda 6 hode 1, 5 hode 2, 4 hode |, 2, 3 ; mdu xba 18, 24 hode 17, 25 hoae 19, 23 hod 20, 22 hode 11, 13, 18 hode 12, 13, 17 hoge 11, 14, 17 hoge 11, 15, 16 hoge 12, 14, 16 hoge 13, 14, 15 thi te x6a 7 hoac 1, 6 hoae 2, 5 hoae 3, Shoe 1,2, 4; ‘Caic ban hily ke ip thirxem duge bao abiéu céch rita? ) Dé gid tri phn s6 khong doi, ta thém mot s6, nao dé vao tit bing 16 sb thém vao mau. Vay néu thém 2004 vio mau thi so phai thém vio tira : 2004 :6 = 334. “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovaias 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe ‘Bai 18: Ngudi ta ly tich cae s6 ty ahien lien tép tir 1 dén 30 dé chia cho 1000000, Ban hay cho biét : 1) Phép chia 66 du khong 2 2) Thuong la motsé ty nbién co chit s6 tin cing 1a bao nhiéu ? gia: Xéttich A= 1x23 x... x29 x30, trong dé cdc thita s6 chia hét cho 5 la 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 ; ma 25 ~ 5 x 5 do d6 o6 thé coi la cé 7 thi s chia hit €h0'5) Mai thita 95 nly nbin yéi:mn}ts4 chi cho ta mée 9506 taa’cimg laisd 0. Trong tich A c8 cc thira s6 ld sé chin va khong chia hét cho 51a : 2.4, 6, BI 26, 28 (c6 12 36). Nhu v&t wong tich A o6 it nat 7 c@p s6.c6 tich tan ciing 14 0, do do tich A 06 tin cing la 7 chit sé 0 $4 1 000 000 cé tin ciing 1a 6 chit s6 0 nén A chia hét cho 1 000 000 va thuong la s6 tu nhién co tan cling li chit s6 0. Bai 19: Ba ban Todin, Tudi va Tho cd mt sé vo. Néu lay 40% s6 vo cia Ton chia déu cho Tui vi Tho thi si vé cia ba ban bing nhau. Nhung adu Toan bét di5 quyén thi sé vé ciia Ton bing tng sb va cia Tudi va Bai gia Nau ldy 2/5 38 vo cia Todn chia ddu cho Tudi vi Tho thi Tha déu duge him 2/5 :2 = 1/5 (s6 v6 cha Toin) S6 vor c6n lai cia Toa sau khiccho la: 1-2/5 =3/5 (s6 v6 cia Toén) Do dé lic diu Tudi hay Tho cé sé vo la : 3/5 - 1/5 = 25 (s6 v6 cia Toan) Téng s6 vé cia Tudi va Tho Lic dau ta 4S x2=4'5 (8 vé ciia Tosn) Mit khic theo 43 bai néu Toin bét di 5 quyén thi s8 vé cia Toin bing ting 36 vo cia Tudi va Tho, do 46 5 quyén img voi : 1 - 4/5 = 1/5 (s6 vo ctia n) S6.v6 oula Toa ta: 5: 1/5 va ciia Tudi hay The la bon Tudi hay (quyén) 5 x 2/5 = 10 (quyén) Hai sé ty nhién A va B, biét A 0, a,b la chi s5) ‘Vi ®khéng qué 30 nén khi nhdn v6i 6 s€ dure s6 c6 ba chit sé ma chit so ‘ng trim la 1.Ta 06 phép tinh : wx6= ied (ohan toh 98) db x8 = 100 (bt c& 2 v6 Kin ab) = (ion tia 26 cha ty ‘Vay tudi cia anh Duong 1a 20. BA 30: @ SEA Games 22 vira qua, chi Nguyén Thi Tinh gitnh Huy churong ving & cy Ii 200 m. Biét ring chi chay 200 m chi mat "2 gidy. Ban hiy cho biét chj chay 400 m hét bao nhicu giay ? Bai glal : KA qua thi déu 6 SEA Games 22 4a cho biét : Chi Nguyén Thj Tinh chay a 1 400 m véi thi gian B51 giay 82. . Nh§in xét : Dung ¥ cia ngwoi ra dé 14 mudn cc ban gidi toan hu ¥ dén tinh thye té cite 48 tolin. Dé todn doe Len cit nlur la loi todin vé neong quan 1 IE shud Ba s6 cbc ban dbu wong niu vay nen 3 gid si, ra dap sb ta“ Sia . Bai 40 : Hay khdm pha “bi mt” cia hinh yung réi dién nét bén sé te nhién cdn thiéu vio 6 trong, “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovaios 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q ae 2 2|=[2]= IJ Bai gi mt” ciia hinh vadng la tng cde 04 hing ngang, hing'doe va during chéo cia hinh vuong déu bang 34 (cac ban ty kiém tra lai). . Gi cic sb cin tim 6 4 g6c ca hinh vudng lia, b, c, d. & hang ngang dia ign, taco 2043 42+ b= 34, tirdd a 4 b= 34 -5 =29 (I). 6 cOt doc diu tién taeda +5+9+d=M.tirdoa+d=34- 14 =20(2). Tir(1) va 2)ta 05 : a+b -(a+d)=29- 20 = Dhayb -d=9 (3). 4 mot dudng chéo, ta ico :b+6-+ 11 * d= 34, thdd b+ d= 34-17= 17 ). Tir (3) va (4) od : (b- 0) + (b +d) =9 + IThayb+b=26;b= 13. Vib+d=17nén d= 17-13 =4, Viatb=29néna=29- 13=16. 6 during chéo thi hai, ta 06 a+ 10+ 7+ ¢= 34 haya + e= 34-1717. Tir db c= 17 - 16=1. Thay a,b, c, d bing céc s6 vita tim durge ta 06 hinh yudng sat [3] 2/0 3 [1] a] 8 e[e|7 |r 4 [ss[ta[ a Nh xét : Hinh yung tren goi la hinh vudng ki a0 (hoe ma phurong) cip 4. ‘Naudia di nhin thay né Lin dau tign trong ban khie cia hoa si Duy-ro nam 1514. (Cac ban 06 thé thy : Tong bén sé trong bon 6 6 bon goc ciing bing 34 Bai 41: Ban o@ thé cit hinh nay : “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovaios 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q ae c thanh 16 hin: Ban hiy néiré cach cit nhé Khi ta cét hinh vuong ban diu thanh cée phin nho (hinh chit T), méi phan gom46 vudng this8 drge sé hinh la: 64: 416 (hin) Tacé thé cit theo nhiéu cach khde nhau. Xin néu mpt céch cit nhur sau : Bai 42: Cho hinh yuéng nhw hinh vé. Em hay thay cac chit béi cic sé thich hgp sao cho tong cac so 6 cae 6 thuje hing ngang, cOt doc, dwimg chéo déu bing nhau, a |35| b 9 | 9/39) di3/¢ Bai glal : Vi téng cde 96 o hang ngang, cOt doe, dudng chéo déu bing nhau nén ta 6 a $35 +b=a +9 4d hay 26+b=d (cing tr? vedi avi 9). Dod d-b=26.b+ g4d=35 +2413 hay b+ d=48. Vay b = (48 -26):2=11,d=48- 11 =37.d 413 4e7d+94+ahay 4+ e~ a(cing tri 2vS did va9).Do 46 a-c=4arg+ ©=9 +g 439 hay a+ c= 9+ 39 (cing wir 2 védig), do doa +c =48. Vay c= (48 =4):2=22,a=22+4= 26, Wtg+l3=a+35+b= 26435 +11 = 72. Dodd Tube tip 23 cand ayant VabyroieTeniéa 4] én he mua ovata 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe 26, b= 24 vio hina w[as[n 2 [= [a0 Bai 43 : Sé chit s6 ding dé danh sé trang cita mét quyén sich bang ding 2 lin sO trang cua cudn sach do, Hoi cudn sich do co bao nhiéu trang ? Bai gia: Dé s6 chi bing ding 2 lin s6 trang quyén sich thi wang i ding hai chit s. Tir trang | dén trang 9 c6 9 trang gdm mét chi 9 chit 96, Tir trang 10 dén trang 99 06 90 trang, méi trang dui hai chi so ‘Tir trang 100 tre di mi trang c6 3 chit s6, mdi trang thira mot chitso, nén phai ob 9 trang dé “bit” di cho 9 trang gdm mgt chi s6 Vay quyén sich c6 sé trang la : 9490 4.9 = 108 (trang) Bai 44: Ngudi ta ngin thira dit hinh chi nhjt thinh 2 minh, mt minh hinh ‘yuong, mOt manh hinh chir nt. Biét chu vi ban dau hon chu yi manh dat hinh Vuéng li 28 m. Dign tich cia thita dit ban diu hon dign tich hinh vudng 1a 224 m2. Tinh dign tich thir d&t ban dau. Bai gia 4 Ms an? o wy ‘Nuin chu vihinh ABCD hon nira chu vi hiah AMND ta: 28: 2= 14 (m) ‘Noa chu vihinh ABCD li AD + AB. ‘Nua chu vihinh AMND 1a AD + AM. “Tubs tip 23 cand yen ti VabyroieTeniéa 4] én he mua ovaios 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam (van com natn oFTaaHt 316 TosNn 1Q. ae Do dé : MB = AB - AM = 14 (m). Chiéu tng BC eva hink ABCD li 224 : 14 = 16(m) CChigu dit AB cua hinh ABCD a 16+ 14 = 30(m) Dign ich hinh ABCD la: 30x 16 = 480 (m2). ‘Bai 45 : Trong mot hoi nghj co 100 nguii tham dy, trong d6 c6 10 nguisi khing bie téng Nga va tiéng Anh, c6 75 nguai bidttiéng Nga va 83 ngudi biét Tiéag Anh. Hoi trong héi nghi co bao nhieu ngwoi biet ca 2 thir tieng Nga va Anh ? Bai gidi : Cach | : $6 ngwoi biét it nhdt | trong 2 thir tiéng Nga va Anh la: 100-10 = 96 (ng SO ngurs chi biettiéng Anh 1a : 90-75 = 15 (nguoi) S6 nguii biét cd iéng Nga va 83 - 15 =68 (nguas) Caich 2: 86 ngudi bigt it nhdt mot trong 2 thie tiéng La 10 (ngs) éttidng Nga la: éttiéng Anh la: 15 (ngusi). Sé nguisi biét cd 2 thir ting Nga va Anh li 90- (7+ 15) = 68 (agudi) Bai 46: Mt hinh chi nhét da bi cit di mt hinh vudng ¢ mét gée. Chi cin mét nbat cat thdng, ban hay chia phan con lai thin 2 phan cé dign tich bing nhau. “Tybee 23 cand dyn VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q. ae Glil : Chi cdn cdc ban biét duye tinh chit: Mei dudng thing di qua tim cia hinh chi nat dé chia hinh ch nhit thinh hai hink co dign tich béng atau, C6 thé chia duge bang nhiéu cach: Bai 47 : Cho biét :4x 396x025 : (x + 0,75) = 132. . Hay tim cich dit thém mét dau phiy yao chd nao dé trong dang thie trén dé gia tri coax giam 297 don vi. Bai gis Theo di bai : 4x396x 025 : (+ 0,75)= 1,32 ;¥14 x 0,25 I nen ta 06 396 : (+ 0,75) = 1,32 hay x + 0,75 = 396 1,32 = 300 Kix sidm di 297 dom vi thi tong x + 0,75 cing glam di 297 dom vi, te Fax 40,75 10 = 297 = 3 hay n= 3- 0.75 = 2,25, Tron dng thc x + 0.75 396 2132 x = 2.25 thi phi thém dau phay vao s0 396 dé od so 3,96. ‘Nhu véy cin dit thom cau phiy vio gia chit s6 3 va 9 cia 56 396 dé x gidm di 297 don vi. Cac ban c6 thé thir lai ‘Bai 48: Dien du 9 chizs0 : 1, 2,3,4,5, 6, 7,8,9 vio 9 6 trong sau dé dugc phép OOO0O00'00%0 Bai giai : Bai ton chi cd bon cich dign nhu sau: 2x78 = 156=39 x4 4x39 = 156=78x2 3x58 =174=29x6 6x29 =174=58x3 “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovaios 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam (van com natn oFTaaHt 316 TosNn 1Q. ae fing dnge hye & re rén luyén 7 nam lién va sau do di ‘gian dinh Mi vira tron 1/2 qudng doi tia ‘ng. Bai g ‘tuoi ona) ‘Thi sinh vién eda Sng cé 68 niin la : 4/5 x 1/8 = 1/10 (96 tudi Ong) S6 nam cbn lai sau this sinh vién cia dng la: 4/5 - 1/10 =7/10 (56 tudi dng) Sd nim hee 6 truémg quan d3i cia dng li : 7/10 x 1/7 = 1/10 (s6 tudi dng) Do do: 7 nm rén tuyén cia dng 1a: | - (1/5 + W/10 + 1/10 + 1/2) = 1/10 (sb tuoi ‘ng) Suy ra s6 tubi cua dng Id : 7: 1/10 = 70 (tue) Phin s6 chi s§ tudi om lai sau thai nign thigu ova ng li: 1 1/5~ 1/4 (s5 Bai $0: Mt miéng bia hinh chi abit, e6 chiéu rong 30 cm, chiéu dai 40 cm. Ngwi ta mudn cét di mthinh ché nhgt nim chinh gita miéng bia trén sao ‘cho egnh ciia hai hinh chit nhit song song va cach déu nhau, dong thoi dign tich edt di bing 1/2 dign ich miéng bia ban du. Hoi hai cgnh trong ting eda hai binh chi nh§t ban dtu va cat di cich nhau bao nhigu ? Bal glal : Chia miéng bia ABCD thinh cdc 6 vudng, mai 6 yuong e6 canh 1a em. $66 vudng cia migng bia di 1a: 8 x 6= 48 (6 vudng). S66 vudng cia hinh chit nbt MNPQ la :6 x 4 = 24 (6 vudng) Vi 48 : 24= 2 (lan) nén hinh chit nhat MNPQ co dien tich ding bing dign tich hinh cdtdi, Mat khée ede canh cia hinh chi nhjt MNPQ song song va cdch du cic “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovata 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe ‘canh tuong img cia miéng bia ABCD. Vi vay hinh MNPQ dting Ii hinh chit nhdt bi ccitdi. Mbi cap canh tong tng cia hinh ABCD vi MNPQ eich nau 5 em. Bai SI: Tim 46 ty nhién c6 tng bing 2003. Biét ring néu x6a bo chits6 hang don vj cia sé thit mbit ta duge sh thit hai, Néu x6a bé chit sé hang den vj cia 96 thir hai ta duyc sé thir ba. Néu x6a bo chirsé hing don vi cia 96 thir ba ta duoc s6 thir tu. Goi s5 thi nt li abed (a ~ 0, o, b, cy 10). $5 tht ha, 56 thitba, 96th te Hin Incest 1a: ate ; ab ; 8. Theo bai ra tac6 phep tinh: abed + abe + ab + 2003. “Theo phn tich céutqo 95 ta c6 : aaaa + Bbb + ce + d= 2003 ¢*) ‘Tit phép tinh (*) tacé a< 2, nén a= |. Thay a= | vio(*) taduge: LIL bbb + ce + d= 2003, bbb + cc += 2003-1111 bbb + cc +d = 892 (**) b> 7-vi néu bho hom node bing 7th bbb + ce-+d nbd hon 892 ;b<9 vi abu b= 9 thi bbb = 999 > 892. Suy rab chi c6 thé bang 8. Thay b~ 8 vio (**) ta duge : 888 + cc +d = 892 Tirdiy suy ra ¢chi cd thé bingOvid=4. . Vay s6 thir nhat li 1804, s6 thir hai la 180, s6 thir ba 1a 18 va s6 thir tr la 1 ‘Thir lai: 1804 + 180 + 18 + 1 = 2003 (ding) ‘Bai 52: Mot nguoi mang ra chg 5 gi6 tao gim hai loai. S6 tao trong moi gié lin lugt la :20 5 25 30 5 35 va, 40, Mdi gid chi dung m@t logi tio. Sau khi bin het mgt gio tio nao dé, nguei ay thay rang : SO tio logi 2 con Iai dung bang Bai giai : $6 to nui dé mang ra cho la: 20+25 + 30-435 + 40=150 (qua) Vi sé tio logi 2 cin lai ding bing nia s6 téo ogi I nén sau Khi ban, s6 tio can lai phai chia hét cho 3 Tube tip 23 chad dyn ValyroieTeniée 4] én ha mua ovaios 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam [ cane com Hone 0819281318 ToAN 1Q. oe Vi tng s6 téo mang ra chg 1a 150 qui chia hét cho 3 nén 56 tio 4 bin phii chia hdc cho 3. Trong cdc s6 20,25, 30,35, 40 chi o6 30 chia hétcho 3. Do vay ngudi dy da ban gid tao dymg 30 qua. Tong sb tho cbm bib 150-30 = 120 (qua) “Tad sod bidu din 8 to cb log valogi2 cin ei: 6 log 2, S6ido lod 1} 008 86 tio loai 2 con lai a 120 : 2 + 1) =40 (quai) Vay nguéi dy con lai gid dyng 40 qua chinh 1a s6 tao loai 2 oan lai, Dap sO: 40 qua Bai 53: Khong duge thay doi vj tri ctia cic chit s6 dai viet trén bang : 3.21 ma chi duge vist thém cae diu ong (+), ban cé thé cho duge két qua cia ‘day phép tinh 18 90 duge khong ? Bai gi : Co hai céch dién 8474654443424 8474645443421 Dé tim durgc hai ich dién nay ta c6 thé.cd nhin xét sau : Tong 8+7+645+4+3+2+1=36; 90-36= 54, Nhu vay maén 6 ting 90 thi trong céc s6 hang phai c6 mt hodc hai s6 1a sé c6 hai chirs6. Néu 56 c6 hai chit s6 dé i 87 hog 76 ma 87 > $4, 76> 54 nén khong thé duge. Néa sé c6 hai chit s6 18 65 ; 65 +36 -6- 5 =90, aco thé dién = 847465444 34241-90 ‘Néu s6 66 hai chit 96 la 54 < 90. N&u s6.c6 hai chit 56 1a 43 43 < $4 nén cling khdng thé durge. Néu trong téng c6 2 sb.06 hai chir so ta 43 va 21 thi ta co 43+ 21 ~(4+3 +2-+ 1) =54, Nhurvay taco thé dign : 8474645443 +21=90. ling khong thé co tong 1490 duge vi 54+36-5-4 Bai S4: Cho phan sé M=(1424.. 49/014 12 4.419). “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovata 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q. ae Hay bét mot sé hang & tirsé va mot sé hang & miu sé sao cho gia tri phin so Khong thay doi, Tom tit bai gidi M=(1424.. 49V(IL4 12 4. 419) =45/135 = 13. “Tho tinh chit cia haiti 96 bing nhau thi 45/135 = (45 - kY/(135 -kx3)(k a 96 nhign nho hon 45). Do d6 6 tir s6 cia M bat di 4 ; 5 ; 6 thi tuomg ting @ mau s6 phai bot di 125 155 18. Bai ss Chi 6 mot chiée ca Dung day vica mbt lit Ban hay mau cho biét Bong mita lit thé nao ? Bai gia Aikhéo tay dink mit Nghiéng ca nhv hinh trén S& dat yéu cu li ‘Trong ca: ding nia lit ! ién s6 thich hop theo miu: voto de BAL gl BA nly ob hai eich didn oo of ofe ‘Hin ¢ (Cach 1: Theo hinh I, ta ¢6. trung binh eng cila 3 va 5 (vi + 5):2=4). 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam (van com natn oFTaaHt 316 TosNn 1Q. ae A hinh 3, goiB 1a ab chn didn, ta c6 15 Hi rung binh cng eda 8 vA. Dodd 8 B=15x2 Tirdd um duye B= 22 (Céch 2: Theo hin I, ta 6 3x344x4=5K5, Khi dé rhinh 2 ta c6 SXS+AxA= 13X13. suy ra Ax A= 144, Vay A=12 (vi 12x 12= 144). Ghinh3 tacé:8x8+15x 1S -BxB. suy ra Bx B= 289, Vay B = 17 (vi 1x 17 = 289), Bai vvign chit nhigm Ip bio céo véi nha trumg ring : it nhat mot bai, trong lop cé 20 em giai dwrgc bai toan thir nhat, 14 em giai urge bai ton thirha, 10 em giai dire bii toa thi ba, $ em giai dune h todn thir hai va thir ba, 2 em gidi duge bai toa thei nhat vi thi hai, c6 mdi mat em durge 10 diém vi di giai durge ca ba bai, Hoi ring lip hye dé oé bao nhigu em tit ci? Bai giai Mi inh tron 68 ghi s6 ban gi ding mt bai ndo 46, Vi chi cb mgt ban giai dang 3 bai nén dién s6 1 vio phan chung cia 3 hinh tron. S6 ban giai diing bai T va bai T Ja 2 nén phin chung cia hai hind tron nay ma khong chung vdi hinh tron edn Iai s8 duge ghi so 1 (vi2- | = 1). Twong ty, ta ghi duge cic $0 Vao cde phin con li 86 hoc sinh lop 4A chinh 1d tang cdc 36 di dién vio céc phin 1B454141+4+840= 32 (HS) “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q ae ‘Bai $8: Ban hiy didn cdc sé tir 1 dén 9 yao cdc 6 tring dé cae phép tinh déu thye hign ding (ci hing doc va hang ngang). sil: Ta dit tén cho céic s6 phai tim nhur trong bing. Cac s6 dién vao 6 tring a ‘ite 89 66 I chit s6 néa tng cdc sé Kin nit chi c6 thé la 17. +5. K=5 thiBxE=4+5=9, nhu thé chi co thé B hole E bing |, didu d6 chimng to H khong thé bing 1 . * Néu H =2 thi M phai bing I hode 3; nu M= I thi H + K=2,nhu vay K = 0, ditu nay cing khong thé duce. Vay M=3;H+K=6thiK= 4, H=2thiA + D=12=5 +7; nhw vay A=5,D=7ho3eD=5, A= thiBx E=444=8=1 x 8: nh vi 8 M=3ihiC +G= 15-649; nhu vay C=6,G = 9 hoc G 5G chi cb thé bing 9 vi néu G = 6 thi D+ E= 10, ma trong cde s6 1, 5, 7, 8 khong co hai so nio ¢6 téng bing 10. Vay C= 6 vi. A+ B= 8, nhu vay B chi c6 thé bing 1, A =7 thi D=5yaE=8, Cae 86 dién vio bang nu hinh sau. 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q. ae Bai 59 Visuo ? /2 + 1/3 + 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/6+ 1/7 + 1/8 cé phai la sé ty nhién khéng ? Bai gidl : Cac ban da giai theo 3 hung sau day : Haring |: Tinh $= 1 201/280 HuGng 2: Khi qui déng mau sé dé ti cchung nay thi V/2;1/3; V4; 1/5; V6 in, chi co 1/8 li tre thank phn 38 matt sb las Is. Vay § li sb 1d $6 1¢ va mau s6 la'9é chin nén S khong phai la sé ty nbién Hucing 3 : Chimg minh 5/4 6x 18 = 3/4 nén $> 9/44 1/2=5/4 Mit hic: 1/4 + 1/5 + 1/64 V7<4x1/4=1 nén $< 141/24 13+ U8= 1412+ 11242 Vi5/4 <8 <2 nén $ khong phai li ob ty nhin h S thi mu sé chung a 96 chin, V6i mu 36 1/7 s8 tri thinh cde phan s6 mi tirs6 li s6 gt phan 96 06 tr ‘Bai 60: Cho hai hinh vuéng ABCD va MNPQ abv trong hinh vé. Biét BD = 12 ‘em, Hay tinh dign tich phan gach chéo, (12 x (12: 22 Dign tich hinh vuéng ABCD la: 36x2 = 72 (m2) 72:4= 18(cm2) Dodd : OE x OK = 18 (em?) 18x 3,14 = 56,92 (cm2) Din tich tam giée MON =r xr: chhinh vudng MNPQ 1a id tit i = Snserhieen ase ToANIQvcom 9 x4=36 (em?) Vay dign 5 h phan gach chéo ld 20,52 (em2) 152-36 Bgn Ton nhin m cia 6 2002 nén ket qua“ no voi 2002? sé vii 2002 nhurng “ding tri” quén vite 2 chirsé 0 i” gidm di 3965940 don vi. Toan da dinh nhan s6 Bai gi ‘Vi "ding tri" nén ban Toan di nhan nham s6 46 voi 22. “Tia 35 thc hai bi giam di 38 don vi Ia: 2002-22 ~ 1980 (don Dod kée gua bi giam di 1980 Lin tha s6 thir mh, va bing 3965940 dom vi Vay tira so thi nit la: 3965940 : 1980 ~ 2008 Bai 62: Ngudi ta cng 5 s6 va chia cho § thi duye 138. Néu xép cae sé theo thir ‘ty lon din thi cOng 3 sé dau tien ya chia cho 3 sé duc 127, c)ng 3 sO cudi va chia cho 3 sé durge 148. Ran cé biét s6 ding gid theo thit ty trén la «6 nao khong? Bai gidi : 138 14 trung binh ong cua 5 s6, nén tong 5 s6 1a ; 138x 5 = 690. Ting cita a s6 diw tién Ti : 127 x 3= 381 ‘Tong ita ba s6 cusi cling la: 148. x 3 = 444, ‘Tong cia hai s6 dau S86 eiita la sd dimg thi ba, nén 381-246 = 135. Hai ban Tin va Nhité mau Bai 63 : Cho bing 6 vudng gm 10 dong va 10 ¢9 ‘cae 6, mdi 6 mpt mau trong 3 mau : xanh, do, tim. Ban Tin bao : "Lin nao to xong hét cic 6 cling c6 2 dong mA trén 2 dong dé e6 m§t miu t3 +66 dong niy bing t s6 6 dong kia", Ban Nhi bao : "To phat hign ra bao giv cding 06 2 cot duye to nhu thé”. Nao, ban hay cho biét ai diing, ai sai ? Bai gidi : Gi si 386 t0 miu da 6 tit ca che ding du khéc nhau ma mBi dong cé 10 6 nén s6 6 duroc t6 mau do it nha la O414243444546474849 =45 (6) Lilugn twong tu voi mu xanh, mau tim ta cing 06 két qua nhur vay. Do dé hing sé e@ it nhat 45 +45 +45 = 135 (6). Bigu nay mau thusin véi hang chi Tuvintis 23 cunér én ti Vairoic Teiniés 4/Lénhé mains Ton 1st EA id tit i = Snserhieen ase ToANIQvcom 9 x4=36 (em?) Vay dign 5 h phan gach chéo ld 20,52 (em2) 152-36 Bgn Ton nhin m cia 6 2002 nén ket qua“ no voi 2002? sé vii 2002 nhurng “ding tri” quén vite 2 chirsé 0 i” gidm di 3965940 don vi. Toan da dinh nhan s6 Bai gi ‘Vi "ding tri" nén ban Toan di nhan nham s6 46 voi 22. “Tia 35 thc hai bi giam di 38 don vi Ia: 2002-22 ~ 1980 (don Dod kée gua bi giam di 1980 Lin tha s6 thir mh, va bing 3965940 dom vi Vay tira so thi nit la: 3965940 : 1980 ~ 2008 Bai 62: Ngudi ta cng 5 s6 va chia cho § thi duye 138. Néu xép cae sé theo thir ‘ty lon din thi cOng 3 sé dau tien ya chia cho 3 sé duc 127, c)ng 3 sO cudi va chia cho 3 sé durge 148. Ran cé biét s6 ding gid theo thit ty trén la «6 nao khong? Bai gidi : 138 14 trung binh ong cua 5 s6, nén tong 5 s6 1a ; 138x 5 = 690. Ting cita a s6 diw tién Ti : 127 x 3= 381 ‘Tong ita ba s6 cusi cling la: 148. x 3 = 444, ‘Tong cia hai s6 dau S86 eiita la sd dimg thi ba, nén 381-246 = 135. Hai ban Tin va Nhité mau Bai 63 : Cho bing 6 vudng gm 10 dong va 10 ¢9 ‘cae 6, mdi 6 mpt mau trong 3 mau : xanh, do, tim. Ban Tin bao : "Lin nao to xong hét cic 6 cling c6 2 dong mA trén 2 dong dé e6 m§t miu t3 +66 dong niy bing t s6 6 dong kia", Ban Nhi bao : "To phat hign ra bao giv cding 06 2 cot duye to nhu thé”. Nao, ban hay cho biét ai diing, ai sai ? Bai gidi : Gi si 386 t0 miu da 6 tit ca che ding du khéc nhau ma mBi dong cé 10 6 nén s6 6 duroc t6 mau do it nha la O414243444546474849 =45 (6) Lilugn twong tu voi mu xanh, mau tim ta cing 06 két qua nhur vay. Do dé hing sé e@ it nhat 45 +45 +45 = 135 (6). Bigu nay mau thusin véi hang chi Tuvintis 23 cunér én ti Vairoic Teiniés 4/Lénhé mains Ton 1st EA 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q ae £5 1006 Chim 16 fnht pha co 2 dong masé 6 «0 boi cling mot mas la Nhu Mh. ‘Doi voi cic cbt, ta cing Lip Ivan trong tynhutrén. Do dé ca hai ban déu noi ding, Bai 64: Bgn hiy didn dit cdc sé tir 1 dén 14 vao cae & vudng sao cho tng 4s & méi hang ngang hay tong 5 s6 6 mdi cot doc déu la 30. “Tong cic sb tr 1 én 14 18: (144 1) x 14:2= 105 Tong cic sé cia 4 hing li : 30x 4= 120 “Tong bon 96 0 bd 0 c0 du * 1a: 120-105 = 15. C§p bén 36 a bon 6 cb dau * 1a mot trong cic trong hgp sau: Bai gia 14243+9(1) 1424448 (2) 1424547 (3) 14344+7(4) 143454+7(5) 24+34+4+6(6) “Tirmdi taxing hap niy 6 thé tao nén nhidu eich sp xép ede sé Khe nha. a3] 4 [14] 2] * 5 [7] e]e ffs] “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovaios 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q. ae Bai 6S: Cin phong c6 4 bite tug, trén mdi buic tudng treo 3 Li cy ma Khoang céch gita 3 14 cb trén mOt bie tuimg Li mur nau, Ban 6 biét ‘ein phang treo may Ii cd khang ? Bai giai: Dé don gidn, ta sé treo tét of cc ld c6 6 46 cao ngang nhau trén ci 4 bite trong. Khi d6 cich treo cd s8 gidng nhu bai toan trong ciy. Ta c6 $ eich tréng ting wii sé ld cé 18 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 14 c6rmhur sau (coi mdi Ia o& 14 mgt digm chim tron): L U is c& 918 8 Li Ul woiked an aa od J 121k Néu cée Id ob aug teo 6 49 cao kide ntaw én mi bite tut tht vf 3 cir tein at hte tung <8 go think 3 dinh ia mat hinh tam gid dé. Ki dS tas2 eb ee cich treo Kid ing vi lob 146417, 8, 9, 10, 1,12 cd. Xin néu ra 2 cach treo tmg voi s6 14 cir la 6 La va 7 la nh sau: 618 738 08 Vay sé i cértrong can phong od thé tr 6 dé 12 lied Bai 66: Lo Lem chia mt qua dwa (dua d5) thanh 9 phin cho 9 cu gia. Nhung khi cée cy an xong, Lo Lem thy cé 10 miéng vé dua. Lo Lem chia dura kiéu giay abi? BAM glil: Co nbitu cich bé da, Lo Lem d4b6 dua hur sa “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua Oi 281916 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam [ cane com Hone 0819281318 ToAN 1Q. oe CH ning gata te 3 pba, san og bd age gina Lin 3 pda 5 tage 9 miéng dua (nh hinh v2) chia cho 9 cu, sau kh an xong s€ cO 10 miéng vo dura. Vi riéng miéng 6 5 06 v6 G 2 dau, nén khi Ain xong sé cd 2 miéng vo. Az (-[>|> Xl ‘Bai 67: Ban hay dién du cac s6 tir 1 dén 10 vao cdc 6 yudng sao cho tong cde sb Genet doe (1 nét) cfing nhur 6 nét ngang (8 nét) déu Ia 16. ble a @ ° hi hic bing cdch: 1) Dii cic ob vac 2) Doi cic dk val 3) Diicécddvah 4) Doi dong thoi ca 36a, b,c cho 3 Gi, kL Nhu viy céc ban sf 0f 16 cich dién 66 khic nhou, ‘Toiin Tudi tho cb Bai 68 Trong m@t cuge # cho diém nur sau: + MBi bai lam ding duge 4 diém, + Mbi bai lam sai hoic khéng lim sé bj trir 1 diém. Ban chimg to rang tim duge 11 ban cé s6 diém bang nhau. bgn tham dy. Lugt BAM glal: Thi Qi gidi Toan Tudi tho cd 5 bai. $6 diém cua 51 ban thi e6 thé xép theo 5 loai diém sau day: Lam ding 5 bai duye: 4x5=20 (diem), + Lam ding 4 bai duye: 4x4-1x1=15 (diem). “Tbs tip 23 cane yen Valero Teniéa 4] én he mua ovaios 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam (van com natn oFTaaHt 316 TosNn 1Q. ae + Limding 3 bai duge 4x3-1x2=10 diem. Lam ding 2 bai durge: 4x2-1x3=5 (diem). Lam ding | bai duge: ax1- 1x40 (dsm ‘YiSi 5 =10 (dur) nén phai 6 fendt 11 ban 06 sb diém bing nh BR 6: Vii Hitu ciing wii Lacang Thé Vink Hai nhi toin hge, m nh Thyee hanh, tink toén dén thong theo Vévang din the wie non minh ‘Nim sinh cia hai dug 14 mOt s6 6 bbn chit s6, tng cic cha s6 bing 10. Néu viét nim sinh theo thi ty ngwge nam sinh khéng d6i. Ban di bigt nam sinh ctia hai 6ng chua? Bai giai: Goi nim sinh ciia hai 6ng la abba (a #0, a< 3, b <10), Tach:atb+ b+ a= l0hay(a+b)x2= 10, Dodoatb=5. £0viia<3néna= hole 2 =5-1=4. Khidé nam sinh cia hai Ong la 1441 (ding), 3. Khi do nm sinh cita hai Ong li 2332 (loi). ‘Vy hai ong Vi Hu va Luong Taé Vinh sinh nim 1441. BAi 70: Tim giip bin cam trong ba ngay, Ngiy thir hai: s3 cam béin duye ting 10% so véi ngay thf anit, Ngdy thir ba: sb cam ban duge gidm 10% so véi ngay thir hai, Ban c6 biét trong ngay thir nhat va ngay ‘hit ba thi ngiy nio Tam bin duge nhiu cam hon khong ? sé cam bin ngiy thir nat 18 100% d 1a: 100% + 10% = 110% (s5 cam ngay thir nhat) Bidu thj sd cam ban ngay thir hai fa 100% thi sO bein ngiy thir hai la 100% - 10% = 90% (sé cam ngiy this hai) So v6i ngay thir nhit thi s6 cam ngay thir ba ban li: 110% x 90% = 99% (36 cam ngay thie nhat) ‘Vi 100% > 99% nén ngay thir nhat bn doe nhiéu cam hon ngay thir ba. ‘bin ngiy thir h Bai 71: Cu Tichgn 4 cha sb lién tip nhau va ding 4 chi sb nay aé vier ra 380 gom 4 chit sO khac nhau. Biet rang s6, thir nhat viet cic chit so theo this tyr Hing dan, s6 this hai viét cic chi s6 theo thit ty gim din va Tuvintis 23 cunér én ti Valrroic Teiniéa 4/Lénhé mains Tone 21316 EE 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam (van com natn oFTaaHt 316 TosNn 1Q. ae sb thir ba viét cie eh sb theo thir ty nito dé. Khi cng ba sé vira vibe thi duye tong la 12300. Ban hiiy cho bigt cde $6 ma eu Ti da viet, ign tiép tir nho dén len la a, b, ¢, d t li abed, s6 thir hai eu Ti viét ld deba. Taxét cdc chir sé hang nghin cia ba s6 ¢6 ting 1a 12300: ai s6 lon hon I vingu a , Khi d si thir ba cé chit sé hang nghin in nhit la va ny In nb i 144 +4=9 < 12; nhu vay tong ctia ba $5 nho hon 12300. a li s6 nho hon $ vi néua~ 5 thid=8 via + d= 13 > 12; nhurvay tong ota ba sé lon hon 12300. a chi c6 thé nhin 3 gid tri 1a 2, 3,4 = Néua=2 thi so dhur nbd 18 2345, 96 thi hai 18 5432, $6 tha ba la: 12300 - (2345 + $432) = 4525 (ding. vi sd nay 06 cic chit so 1a 2.3.4, 5). ~ Néu a= 3 thi sé thir nhat la 3456, s6 thir hai 1a 6543. S6 thir ba . 12300 - (3456 + 6543) =2301 (logi, vi sé niy c6 ede chit sé khie v5i3, 4, 5, 6. ~ Néu a = 4 thi sé thit nhat la 4567, sé thir hai la 7654. Sé thir ba 1a: 12300 - (4567 + 7654) = 79 (loa. Vay ede s6 ma eu Ti dai viet lt : 2345, 5432, 4523 Bai 72: Voi 4 chit s6 2 va cic diu phép tinh ban co thé viet duge mot bidu thitc dé c6 két qua la 9 duge khéng? Tai di cé ging viét mbt bidu thee dé c6 két qua 1a 7 uhung chwa duye. Con ban? Ban thir sc xem mao! Bai giai: Voi bon chit sé 2 ta viet dugc biéu thitc cé gid tn bing 9 1a: 22:2-2=9. Khong thé dung bén chirsé 20 viéeduge bigu tute co két qua ia 7 Bai 73: Véi 36 que diém di duge xép nhw hinh didi. 1) Ban dém duge bao nhiéu hinh yuéng? 2) Ban hay nbc ra 4 que diém dé chi con 4 hinh vudng duyc khong? “Tybee 23 cand lyon ti VabproicTeniée 4] én he mua ovaios 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam (van com natn oFTaaHt 316 TosNn 1Q. ae sb thir ba viét cie eh sb theo thir ty nito dé. Khi cng ba sé vira vibe thi duye tong la 12300. Ban hiiy cho bigt cde $6 ma eu Ti da viet, ign tiép tir nho dén len la a, b, ¢, d t li abed, s6 thir hai eu Ti viét ld deba. Taxét cdc chir sé hang nghin cia ba s6 ¢6 ting 1a 12300: ai s6 lon hon I vingu a , Khi d si thir ba cé chit sé hang nghin in nhit la va ny In nb i 144 +4=9 < 12; nhu vay tong ctia ba $5 nho hon 12300. a li s6 nho hon $ vi néua~ 5 thid=8 via + d= 13 > 12; nhurvay tong ota ba sé lon hon 12300. a chi c6 thé nhin 3 gid tri 1a 2, 3,4 = Néua=2 thi so dhur nbd 18 2345, 96 thi hai 18 5432, $6 tha ba la: 12300 - (2345 + $432) = 4525 (ding. vi sd nay 06 cic chit so 1a 2.3.4, 5). ~ Néu a= 3 thi sé thir nhat la 3456, s6 thir hai 1a 6543. S6 thir ba . 12300 - (3456 + 6543) =2301 (logi, vi sé niy c6 ede chit sé khie v5i3, 4, 5, 6. ~ Néu a = 4 thi sé thit nhat la 4567, sé thir hai la 7654. Sé thir ba 1a: 12300 - (4567 + 7654) = 79 (loa. Vay ede s6 ma eu Ti dai viet lt : 2345, 5432, 4523 Bai 72: Voi 4 chit s6 2 va cic diu phép tinh ban co thé viet duge mot bidu thitc dé c6 két qua la 9 duge khéng? Tai di cé ging viét mbt bidu thee dé c6 két qua 1a 7 uhung chwa duye. Con ban? Ban thir sc xem mao! Bai giai: Voi bon chit sé 2 ta viet dugc biéu thitc cé gid tn bing 9 1a: 22:2-2=9. Khong thé dung bén chirsé 20 viéeduge bigu tute co két qua ia 7 Bai 73: Véi 36 que diém di duge xép nhw hinh didi. 1) Ban dém duge bao nhiéu hinh yuéng? 2) Ban hay nbc ra 4 que diém dé chi con 4 hinh vudng duyc khong? “Tybee 23 cand lyon ti VabproicTeniée 4] én he mua ovaios 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘ww oan coer — Hone: 081928) 918 ToAN 1Q. oe ta thay c6 2 logi hinh vudng, hinh vudng 05 canh la ih, hinh yuéng co canh 1a 2 que diém ebm c6-4 hinh. Vay 06 tdt cd 17 hinh vudng. 2) MBi que diém c6 thé nm trén canh cia nhieu abit 1a 3 hinh vuong, néu nhit ra 4 que diém thi ta bot di nhigu nhit bb: 4 x3.= 12 0 hi vuing), con 17 12= 5 (hinh vuong), Nhu vay khong thé nhat m4 que diém dé con tai 4 hinh vudng duge. Bai 74: C67 thing dymg day dan thing. Lim sao cé thé chia cho nhunhau va s6 thing nhw nhau ? 7 thing chi chn niza thiing dau va 7 yo ngudi dé mi ngudi déu co wong dau Bal glil: Goi thing dy dda 18 A, thing c6 nia thing dau iB, thing khong 06 dau li C Céich 1: Khéng phai dé dau tir thing nay sang thing kia. ‘Nguoi thir nhat nhdn: 3A, 1B, 3C. ‘Neguiri thir hai nhgn: 2A, 3B, 2C Nguoi thir ba nhan: 2A, 3B, 2C Céich 2: Khéng phai dé dav tir thing niy sang thing kia ‘Nguoi thir nhét nhgn: 3A, 1B, 3C. ‘Neudi thir hai nhan: 3A, 1B. 3C. ‘Nui thir ba shan: 1A, SB, 1C. Caich 3:6 dau tir thimg nay sang thing Lay 4 thing chia nita thing dau (4B) 46 diy sang 2 thing khdng (2C) dé duge 2 thing diy diu (2A). Khi 46 ¢6 9A, 3B, 9C va mBi nguoi s@ nhan duge nh nhan 1 3A, 1B, 3C Bai 75: Hay vé 4 doan thing di qua 9 diém 6 hinh bén ma khong duge nic but hay 6 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q. ae Xin néu ra mét cach vé v6i hai “ding di” khée nhau (bit dau tir diém 1 va Et thie 6 diém 2 v6i dudng di theo chibu mi tn) nhur sau: Toe TL OX Khi xoay hodc lat hai hinh trén ta sé c6 céc cach vé khé. Bai 76: Chiée bank tung thu han tron 6 giita Hay cit 4tin Thanh 12 miéng Nhueng nd diou Cac miéng bang nian Va lan cit nde ang qua gia bank Bil glil: C6 nhidu oich cit duge cic bpm 4d xuit. Xin di thigu 3 cich Céich 1: Nhét thir nhat chia doi theo be day cia chié banh va dé nguyén vi tei ndy cit thim 3 nhat(nhuhinh v2), aM yo Lum ¥ li AM= BN = DQ= CP= 1/6 AB va IA =D = KB= KC = 1/2 AB. (Cée ban c6 thé dB dang chimg minh duge 12 miéng bénh lé bing nhaa vi ci 3 nhat cit déu di qua ding ... tam banh. - le . Céich 2: Cit 2 nhét theo 2 during chio dé dugs 4 migng r’i chéng 4 miéng, nay léa ahau edt 2 nhat dé chia mbi miéng thanh 3 phin bing nhau (liu ¥: BM = MN=NC). Tybee 23 cand a yen VabyroicTeniéa 4] én he mua 19281916 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam Li cane com Hone 0819281318 ToAN 1Q. oe Cach 3: Nhat thit nbat cit nur cich | va dé nguyén vi tii ndy dé cit them 3 hit nhu hinh v8, Luu y: AN= AM = CQ= CP = 1/2 AB ALN 8 ‘Bai 77: Mii dinh cia mit tim bia hinh tam gide dwge danh sé Lin Iwgt a 1; 2; 3. Ngudi ta chéng céc tam giic nay Ién nhau sao cho khong cé chit sdnio bj che lap. Mat ban cng tat ca ede chit si nhin thay thi duge két ‘qua la 2002. Ligu ban dé cé tinh uhm khong? Bal glil: Téng cdc s6 trén ba dinh ciia méi hinh tam gide 181 +243 = 6, Téng nay la mot s6 chia hét cho 6. Khi chang cic hinh tam gie nay Ién nha sao cho khOng cé chit sé ndo bj che ldp, réi tinh tng tdt cd ede chit sé nhin thay durge phai co két qua la s6 chia hét cho 6. Vi sé 2002 khong chia hét cho 6 néa ban d6 di tind sai Bai 78: Ban hay dién dit 12 56 tir 1 dén 12, mdi so vio mot 6 vudng sao cho tng 4 sé cing nim trén mét cot hay mOt hang déu nhw ahau. x g calc $9 tir L dén 12 la: (12+1) x 12:2 . . Viténg 4 sé cling nam trén mot e6t hay mot hing déu nhw nau nén tng s6 cca 4 hang va cOt phai 12 mot s6 chia hét cho 4. Bat céc chtr cai A, B,C, D ‘vi edie 6 vudng & gia (hinh v3) “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovaias 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam (ova oana com tote OFtaaH" S16 TosNn 1Q. ae o Khi tinh ting s6 cia 4 hing va c@t thi cde s6 # ede 6 A,B, C, D duge tish hai lin. Do d6 dé tng 4 hang, c0t chia hét cho 4 thi ting 4 s6 cia 4.0.A, B,C, D phii chia cho 4 dur2 (vi 78 chia cho 4 dur2). Ta thay tong ciia 4 s 6 thé la: 10, 14, 18, 22, 26, 30, 34, 38, 42. Taxét mt vai trang hop: ‘ 1) Tong cia 4 sé bé nat 1a 10. Khi dé 4 s6 8 14 1, 2, 3, 4, Do d6 ting ctia mdi hang (hay mbi opt) 1a: (78 +10) : 4 = 22. Xin néura mot céeh dién hur hinh drs: 6 1 fa|a=l= [els 2] 2) Tong ctia 4 s6 1a 14. Ta co: Mm1424348=1424447= 14344469243 4445. Do dé téng cha Bi cOt) la: (78 + 14) :4=23. Xin nga m mot ci sau: "1 a lalale Cit irvimg bgp cOn igi sé cho ta két gui & mdi hang (hay mdi cot) Lin Iugt Ih 24, 25, 26,27, 28, 29, 30, C6 rit mhigu edch dién day! Cic ban tht tim tigp ‘Bai 79: Mi dpt yn tham die kj tt hoe sinh gi6t 3 mon Van, Tod, Ngogi ngit do thanh ph tb chive dgt dege 13 gai. Hi d6i tayén hee sinh gia 4 ih? Bide nine: Hoe sinh nao eting cé giai. Bar kj'mén ndo cing eb t nhld I hge sia chi dee Ig Tidal 23 ce id i VamoeTeln 4 Ue ua 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam [ cane com Hone 0819281318 ToAN 1Q. oe Bit ky hai mén nao cling 06 itnbbt 1 hoe sinh det gi cd hal mon, Cé tinhét 1 hoc sink dau gi ca 3 mon, Ting sb hgcshth det 3g Bi shoe sinh cat git ca 2 mon lab (hee sinh) Gi sS gc sinh chi dat gid | man fic (hoe sinh) ‘Teo 3b pik dt dug I 3xa+2xb+c=15 (giai). Viting sShoc sinh dat gia, 2 gi, 1 gid ting din nén a 15 (loi). Dodd a<2, nén a= 1 Tacé:3x1+2xb4.¢=15 sty ma 2xb+0= 12 Nai b=3 thie=12-2x3=6 (ding) Naib=4 thic=12-2x4=4 (loaiv rai v6i digukign b 180 kg nén chiic chin phai c6 it nha 2 gi6 trong 20 gid 6 khdi lung bing nhau, Vay Tri d& noi dang Bai 82: Hoang mua 6 quyén vo, Hing mua 3 quyén vé. Hai ban gbp so vo ctia minh véi sb v6 cita ban Son, r6i chia déu cho nhau. Son tink ring minh phai tra cdc ban ding 800 ding. “Tybee 23 cand ayant VelproieTeniéa 4] én mua ovaios EE 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q ae Tinh gid tibn 1 quydn vi, bide rg ct ba ben dd mina ching mit logi vi. Bai gi ViHoing va Hing e6p «6 vd cia minh vi s8 vé cia Som, rbi chia déu cho hau, nén téng sb ve cha ba ban la mot s6 chia hét cho 3. S6 vo cha Hoang vj Hiing Adu chia hit cho 3 nén x6 v6 cia Son cing la <6 chia bit cho 3 6 cit Son phai it hon 6 vi néus6 vo.cia Son bing hog nhigu hom 36 vo cia Hong (6 quyén) thi sau khi gop v6 Ii chia déu Son sé khéng phai tra thém 800 déng. S6 v6 cia Son kha 0 (Som phi 8 vo cia minh thi mdi gop chung vai cdc ban duge cht!), nho hon 6 va chia hét cho 3 nén Son ob 3 quyén v6. $6.6 cha mdi ban sau khi chia déu a: (6+3-+3):3 = 4 (quyén) Nhu vay Son duge cac ban dra thém: 4 - 3 = | (quyén) Gilt sdén mot quyén vo li 800 dng, Bai $3: Hay dién eac s6 tir 1 dén 9 vao cac 6 trong dé duge cae phép tinh ding ® 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q. ae Theo diu bai ta c6 cfc chit cai khiie nhau biéu thj cic $6 khie nhau. Do dé: a $lye# bd #1;b> Ly em L ViI9=1x9=3 x3 nen +9 vaeF 9; vA T= 1x7 nénb# 7 vie #7. Do do: b=6 vie = 8 hogeb =8 vac =6. Vi6=2x 3 va8=2x 4néna=b:c=e:d=2. . Trong cic 6 trong a, b, ¢, de di c6 ede 962, 3, 4, 6, 8;do dé chi cdn cae sb 1, 5,7, 9dién vao cae 6 trong g, h, i, k. + Nhue=6 thig=Tvih= 1. Dodaa = 42 (loaii. + Néue = 8 thig=9vi h~ 1, Dodo a=i- ke 7-5 ~2 (ding) Khi dd: b= oyac Kée qu @ a 7-H: 2B 7 a ‘Bai $4: Cé 13 tim bia, mdi tim bia duye ghi mgt chit sé va xép theo thir HEEeEEOeEoeee Khong thay d6i thir ty ede tim bia, hay Ag gitta ching diu cae phép tinh + ,~,x vi déu ngoge néu cin, sao cho két qua la 2002. Bi gi Bai toin o6 rdt nhidu eich age diu phep ti va ddu ngage. Xin néu mot 36 cach: Céich 1: (1234+4x5)x(6+7-84+94+1-2-344)=2002 Céich 2: (Lx 2+3 x 4)x(5 +6) x [(7 +849) -(1+2x3 4+4)]=2002 Céch 3:(14243 44%5)X(6X74+849-1 423-4) = 2002 “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovata EE 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Qveom Hai ban Huy va Nam di mua 18 géi banh va 12 géi keo dé dén lop liga hoan, Huy dua cho cé bén hang 2 Wy 100000 dong va duye tra lai 72000 ding. Nam néi: “Ca tinh sai réi®. Ran hity cho bist Nam néi ding hay sai? Giai thich tai sao? Bai Visb 18 va s6 12.déu chia hét cho 3, nén ting s6tidn mua 18 g6t bénb v8 12 61 keo phai la sé chia hét cho 3 Vi Fluy dra cho o6 ban hang 2 ti 100000 dng va duge tra lai 72000 dng, nén s6 tién mua 18 goi banh va 12 g6i keo la: 100000 x 2- 72000 = 128000 (dé). Vi sb 128000 khong chia hét cho 3, nén ban Nam néi “CO tinh sai réi” ka ding. Bai 86; Cé hai cai dong ho cat 4 phiit va 7 phiit, Co thé ding hai ‘ding hé nay dé do théi gian 9 phat dugc khong? Bu gial: Cé nhidu cich dé do ditge 9 phiit: Ban 6 thé cho e4 2 cai dang hd cat cing chiy mt lic va chiy bét cit 3 lin. Khi dng ho 4 pht chiy bt cit 3 lin (4x 3= 12(phut)) yan bat dau tinh thoi gian, tir lic d6 dén khi dong ho 7 phit chay ht ct 3 lan thi vira dling duge 9 phit (7 x 3 - 12 = S(phuit)); hode cho ca hai dong hé cing chay mot luc, dng b6 7 pht chay het cit mot Lin (7 phit), ddng ho 4 phit chiy hét cit 4 lan (16 phi). Khi ding hd 7 phit chay het cit ta bit du tin thd gin, tr Mic d6 dén hdc dmg hd 4 ph chi bEt cit 4 lin la vira ding 9 phut (16 - 7=9 (phiit)); .. Bai 8” ‘Vui xuan méi, ese ban cing lam phép toan sau, nhé ring cae chit cai khic nhau cin thay bing ci chit s6 Khée nhau, cic chit edi gidng nhau thay bing cic chit sb gidng nau. NHAM + NGO = 2002 Bai giai: - Vi A#G mi chit s6 hang chye cua tOng 14 0 nén phép cong cd nhé I sang hang tim nén érhing trim: H+ N + | (ahd) = 10; ahd | sang hang nghin, Dodi H+N=10-1=9, - Phép cng 6 hang nghin: N+ 1 (nh) Thay N= | tacé: H+ 1=9 nén H= - Phep cong 6 hang don vi: CO 2 iruong hyp xay ra: “Tube tip 23 cand dent VaberoieTeniée 4] én he mua evaios EI 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘ww oan coer — Hone: 081928) 918 ToAN 1Q a * Trung hop 1: Phép cong & hing don vj khng abé sang hing chue Khi do: M+O=0vaa +G=10. Taco bang: (Liu § 4.chi M,O, A, Gphai khic nhau va khéc 1: 8) of2[2|2[2[>fe[efo elise [+[rlslels * Trucng hop 2: Phép cong 6 hing don vj c6 nhé I sang hang chye. Khi dé: M+O=12v8A+G=9.Ta cd ep oye Vay bai tain c@ 24 dip sé nhur én Bai 88: Hay xép 8 quan déminé yao mét hinh yudng 4x4 sao cho tong 56 chim trén cac hang ngang, doc, chéo cua hinh vudng déu bang 11. EF] oO | G3 Cle] CE) te Lai giai: C6 ba cich giai co ban sau: 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam vwToancom— Hosne, 0818281 318 ToAN 1Q nat = 5 = ae ae Gee Bai 89: Sirdung cic con 3 trong mai bién sé xe 4 16 39A 0452, 38B 0088, 52N 8233 cing cac dau +, -, x, : va dau ngoac (), | | dé lam thanh mot phép tinh ding. Lai gisi . * Bign sé 39A 0452. Xin néu ra mét s6 dich: 4x2-540x3=9 5x2-44340=9 45:9-3 (942-3)x5=40 (445):94240=3 9:3-(5-442 3-0:(445)-0 9:45) 424023 (O+5):2-44 943:6-2)4 542-9:3-0=4 (:340) 44-2 43):44042=5 * Bidn s6 38B 0088. Ci nbigu lai gidi dua vio mn 38 x88 x0=0 hoje tinh chat “chia s6 0 cho mt sé khic 0” 0: (384+88)=0 Mot vai cach kad: (9-8) 40-8: 8:8+8+0+0=9.... * Bien so S2N 8233. Xin néu ra mét s6 cach: $x2-843-3=2 8:(5x2-3-3) [QB -3): 5]x2=8 (5+24+2)-(3:)=8 (8: 2-3)x G+2). (842) x3:3]:2 (5x2 +3+3):2 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe 3x3-54242=8 Bai 90: Mot chiée ding hd dang hogt dng binh thuring, hign tai kim g va kim phit dang khong tring nhau, Hoi sau ding 24 gid (tiie 1 ngay dém), hai kim 46 tring nhau bao nbiéu Lin’? Hay lip luan dé lam dung sdng to két qu 45. L Véi mit chide dng hi dang hoat dng binh thuimg, ct tri qua thi kim phit quay durge mt ving, con kim gi Higu van toc ciia kim phut va kim gid la: i gi quay durge 1/12 véng, 1-112 11/12 (vonesi®) Thi gian dé hai kim trang nhaw mot lin a: 1s 1i/12= 12/1 (gid) Vay sau 24 gid hai kia sé trang nhau sé tin 1: 24: 12/11 = 22 (lan). Bai 91: Cé ba ngudi ding chung m9t két tién, Hi phai lam cho cdi ket it abit bao mhiéu 6 khoa va bao nbigu chia dé két chi mé duoe néu c6 mat it ahdt hai nguoi? nhdt hai ngudi, nén sé 6 khod phai Ibn hon hoi bing 2. a) Lim 2 6 khod, Néu lm 3 chia thi s€ e6 hai ngwoi cO cimg mot loa chia: hai newdi nay hong mo duge be Néu lim shu how 3 chia thi ienbdt c6 ragt ngutt chat 2 chia En lagi chi can mOt ngudi nay di mé duge ket. Vay khong thé lm 2 6 ho, b) Lam 36 khoa ‘Nau lim 3 chia thi ein phi cd at'ba nguéi mi ms dag kit ‘Qu lam 4 chia hoge 5 chia thi i nhét co hai ngwoi Khong mo duge ke 'N&u lim 6 chia (mdi khod 2 chia) thi mdi ngubi cm hai chin Khe nhaw hi chi cin hai ngui bat la ma urge et Vay ft bt phi ima 38 khod vi mBi 8 kdl lim 2 chia, Bai 92: Cé 4 tim g6 dai va 4 tim gd hinh cung tron. Néu sip xp nur hinh bén thi dugc 4 chudng nhét 4 chu thé, nhung 1 chi Ii chua cd chung. Ban hay xép lai cac tim g6 dé cb dit 5 chuéng cho mai chit tho 26 mgt chung riéng. Tuvintis 23 cunér én ti Valmroic Teiniés 4/Lenhé mains Ton tote EA 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q. ae & (ale ay Ba giai: Bai todn co nhidu céch xép. Xin neu ra ba cach xép nr sau LAGS ae BAi 93: Me phn xuéng cé 25 nguii. Hai ring trong phan xwdng 46 ¢6 thé cO 20 ngwdi it hon 30 tuéi va 15 nguii ohiéu hon 20 tudi duge khong? Bi Viehic6 25 ngusi, mi tong 468 20 ithon 30 tv 15 ngudi nbd hon 25 tubi, nén s6 ngudi duge diém 2 lan Ta: (20 + 15) -25 = 10 (ng, Diy chinh 1a 38 ngui o6 d6 tudi it hon 30 tuéi va nhitu hom 20 tuéi (tit 21 tuoi dén 29 tudi), 2122732425 26 7 789 AOngti- ~~——tonguti- -~ ~Sigutt Sb nguai tr 30 tude len 25-20 =5 (ngudi) - S6 ngudi tir 20 tudi tre xudng li: 25-15 = 10 (nguei) 6 ngudi it hon 30 tudi la: 10+ 10 ~ 20 (ngudi) 6 ngudi nhigu hon 20 16i 10-+5=15 (ngurii) Tuvintis 23 cunér Of vén ti Valrroic Teiniéa 4]Lenhé maine Taken 231916 ES 1 tha hit Tos Ve Nem [ cane com Hone 0819281318 ToAN 1Qveom Vy c6 thé ob 20 ngudi duréi 30 tdi va 1S nguisi trén 20 tudis trong db tir 21 d4én 29 1w6i ft nbd 66 hai ngurdi cung dud ‘Bai 94: Tim 4 sé ty ahién litn tiép c6 tich la 3024, Bai gidis Gia sit ci 4 s6 du 1a 10 thi tich la 10 x 10x 10 x 10 = 10000 ma 10000 > 3024 nén ca sé ty nhien lin tiép do phai bé hon 10. Vi 3024 cé tin ciing Ia 4 nén ca 4 5 phai tim khang thé c6 t8a ciing li S. Do 6 ca 4 98 phai hog cing bé hon 5, hoge cing kin hon 5. Néu 4 56 phai tim la 13 2:3: 4 thi 1x2%3x4~24 <3024 (losi) Qu 4 sé pha tim la 6;758; 9 thi: 6x7x8x0 =3024 (ding) Vay 4 sb pha tim 8 6; 7; 8; 9 ‘Bai 95: Cé 3 Logi que voi sé lugng va cac dé dai nhw sau: = 16 que eé dé dai lem = 20 que e649 dai 2em = 25 que cé a9 dai 3m Hai c6 thé xép tat ef cde que a6 thank mat hinh chi nhGt duge khing? Bai gid: Mit hinh chit nhit 6 chidu dai (a) va chidu rong (b) du la 6 t nbign (cing mot don vido) thi cha vi (P) ctia hinh do phai 1a so chan: P=(a+b)x2 ‘Téng d6 dai ct tit ca cate que la 1x 1642 x 2043x25= 131 (em) Vi 131 la 36 lé nén khong thi xép tit cd cde que dé thinh mé¢ hinh chit nhit duge. BAi 96: Hay phat hign ra mé 46 a8 didn sb hop ly vio (2) jén hg gidia cc s6 rbi sir dyng mii lign hg Bai glil: Dé cho gon, taky higu ede s6 trén nhimg 6 tron theo bang sau’ “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua Oi 281916 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe Lay A chia cho K: 72:9 Ly Gchia cho C:8: 1 Lay B chia cho H: 16 : 2 Lay E chia cho D: 24:3 = ddu cho cing mot két qua & 8 D. Vay (2) 188. Bai 97: Cé gido yéu chu: “Cie con Ly 6 diém trén mot duing tran, néi cate diém 06 bit cae dogn thing (6 boi mge xanh hoe mye d6". Ban lép trudng tap hop cdc hinh vé Iai va xem, ban thot len: “Ban nio ciing v duge 1 tam gide mi 3 canh cing mau myc”! Ban hay thir lam lai xem. Ai c6 thé lap lun dé lam ro tinh chat nay? Bai glil: Co nhiéu cach gidi, day 12 mo wong ede eich gidi bai nay: Ta goi 6 ddigm nim trén durong trén li Ay, As. As, Ay, As. Ag. Bang butt xanh va do ta AL véi 5 diém cén lai ta durge 5 dogn thing cé hai mau xanh hoie 6. WW, ey ‘Theo nguygn ly Dirichlé c6 it ahi 3 dogn thing cing mau. Khong lam mit inh tng quit, andi 3doan AyAa, Avs, AA. bing bit miu d. Ta ndi gp AVA. va AVAs. Dé tam gide ALA2As va tam gidc AA2A; o6 3 canh Khong cing mau thi AA. va A:A; phai to mau xanh. Bay gid ta tigp tuc noi Avy, ta thiy A,A, durge t8 bang bit kj) miu xanh hoge d5 thi ta cing durge it hit m@t tam gite co 3 canh cling mau (hoge AyAyA, cd 3 canh do hoe AxAvAy 66 3 egnh miu xanh) Bai 98: Thi bin sting . Hom nay Ding di thi bin sing, Ding ban gidi lim, Ding da ban hon 11 vién, vién nao cing tring bia vi déu tring cac vong 8:9:10 diém, Két thie cuge thi, Ding durye 100 diém. Ding vui lim. Con ede ban c6 bidt Dang 4 bin bao nhieu vien va két qua bin vao ede vong ra sao khong? “Tbs tip 23 canbe yen Valero Teniéa 4] Linh mua 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe Bal glal: S6 vién dan Dang 44 bin phai it hon 13 vign (vi néu Dong bin 13 én thi Ding durge s8 digm it nhit fa: 8x 11 +9 x E+ 10x T= 107 (diém) > 100 dim, diéu nay v6 1s). ‘Theo dé bai Diing di ban hon 11 Mat khde 12 vién déu tring vao cdc vong 8, 9, 10 diém nén it nhdt c6 10 vién vio ving 8 diém, | vién vio ving 9 dim, | vign vio ving 10 diém Do i s6 diém Ding bin dee it abi 8x 10+9x 1+ 10x 1=99 (diem) Sé diém hut diso véi thye té li in nén sO vign dan Ding di ban La 12 100 - 99 = 1 (aiém) hur viy s# 06 1 vign Khong bin vio vong 8 diém ma bin vo vong 9 di hod c6 | vién khéng ban vao vong 9 diém ma ban vao vang 10 diém. Nai cé 1 vien Ding khong bin vio vong 9 diém ma bin vlo vong 10 dim thi tong céng sé co 10 vién vio vong 8 diém va 2 vién vao vong 10 diem (logi vi khong 06 vién ndo bin vo vang 9 diém). Vay & ob | vign khong ban vio vong 8 diém md bn vio vong 9 dim, tc 1 6 9 vin vio vang & diém, 2 vin vio vong 9 diém va | vién vio vong 10 ign Bai 99: Ai xem ca nhge? Mot gia dinh co nam nguii: ba hom gia dink duge ting 2 vé mi nguol nu sau: a) “Ba ni va me di” b) “BS va mg ai* ©) “BO va ba ndi di” 4) “Ba ngiva Chi ai” ©) “BO va Bio di Sau ciing, moi ngwiri theo y kign cia ba ni moi ngudi khdc déu cb mot phan diing. Ba ndi di néi cau nio? bd, mg va hai ban Chi, Bao, ML xem ca nbge, Nim ¥ kién cia af Bai giai: Mot bai toan gic co ban va kho, sau day 1a lei gi Ta kj higu theo this tr“di xem” ca nhge: n (Ranji, m (me), b (B ¥4 B (Bio) va nim nguii uén Khi by “khong di" lita, m, b, C vi B. Nhu viy theo y kién ctia nim ngudi li: aavam b)bvam “Tbe tip 23 cand yen Valero Teniéa 4] én he mua ovata EE 6 (Chi) 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam (van com natn oFTaaHt 316 TosNn 1Q. ae obvan @avac bya. . . . Cé1é can phai nhdn manh ring: Mbi wong nim § tén du 06 mt phin ding ‘va mot phan sai (trir y ctia ba!). Cat mi ba nd nb a ding wi od nde 5 ta, ~Néu chon cu a) tht Khong cOe ue b vA. = N&u chon ef b hiding ed te nv C “du chm el Kc c6 mt phn ding Ba ndi di ndi clu &) Néu hoc sinh thich thi l6gic Todm thi con tim thm duge nhiéu cach gi thie BAi 100: Choi bie digm ‘Tren m§C Dan c6 18 que diém, Hal ngudi tham gia ude chot: MOi ngudt Van hrgt dén phién minh lay ra mot so que diém, Mai lan, méi nguéi ly ra khong qua 4 que. Nguii nao lay dugc s6 que cudi cang thi nguvi dé thing. Néu ban duoc boc true, ban e6 chic chin thing dwoc khong? Bl gli: Gid string A vi B tham gia cude choi ma A dy ditm wade. Bé chic thing thi tude lin cub cing A phai 48 li $ que diém, true d6 A phai 6 Ll 10 que dim vi lin bc du en A dB gi 15 que dim, kh dB ob boc bao nhigu que thi van con lai so que dé A 0 5a, ed < 10). Sb vide eo thie ng Igi la deba Theo dau bai ta cé abod= 2 deba hay abedx dcba (d > 0 vi abed < deba). Vi det 4 chitsé néna<2maa>Onéna=1. Nhung d x 5.c6 tn ciing 14 0 hoge 5 (khde 1) nén khong tim duoe gid tri cia ‘a hose d. Vay ban Lan néi sai Bi 106 : Bic Phong cé m@t minh dit hinh chi nhit, chiéu rng minh dt dii 8 m. Bac ngin minh d6 thanh hai phan, mot phan dé lam nha, phan con Iai dé Kim vurin. Din tich phin dat tam nha bing 1/2 dign tich manh dat cin chu vi phn dat lam nha bing 2/3 chu vi manh dat. Tinh dign tich manh dat ctia bic. Bal gidl : Co hai cach chia minh dét hinh chit nhét thinh hai phan c6 dign tich hing nhau. Tuvintis 23 cunér én ti Valois Tainiéa 4]Lénhé maine, Taken 231316 EA 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q.com Céich chia 1: nhuehink 1 é ue 8 em] _ Hink 1 mann dét hinh chit nhat la ABCD va phan dat lim nha la AMND. ‘tich phan dat lim nha bing nia dign tich minh dit nén M, N lan krgt 1a dim chinh gitacua AB va CD. Do do AM = MB = CN = ND. (Chu vi ciia phan dt fam nha 1a : (AM + AD) x 2= (AM + 8) x +8x2=AB+ 16. Chu vi ciia minh dit li : (AB + AD) ABx 2416. Higu chu vi manh dat va chu vi phin dit lim nha 1a : (AB x 2+ 16) - (AB + 16) ~ AB. Higu nay so véi chu vi manh ddc thi chiém : Do dé tacé : ABX3=ABx2+ 16 AMx2 =ABx2+8x2= (AB +8) x2. 22 = 13 (chu vi mann ip ABx 3-ABx2=16 ABx 3-2)=16 AB = 16 (m). ‘Vay dign tich manh dat 1a : 16 x 8 = 128 am’) Cach chia 2: nhiehink 2 Hinh 2 . Lap lun twong ty truimg hop irén, ta tim duye AD = 4 m. Digu nay v6 It AB li chicu dai ctia manh dat hinh chit nhét, duong nhién phai lin hon 8 m. Do dé truémg hop nay bj loai Bai 107 : Cho mt phép chia hai sb ty nhién cé dur. Tong cac s6 : sé bj chia, 36 chia, s6 thuong va sé du Ia 769. S6 thuong 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ae Toa 1Qom dur Tom nhit 65 th c6 trong php chia a, Hay tim sb bj chia va sé chia trong phép chia. Bii iii : $6 ix trong phep chia la 9b darlin nhit nén kém s6 chia I don vi Taco so do sau: $6 bj chia : ++ 4-4 SS chia: Hi 1S phn ~~ 85 au" S6 der: a Truong: 5s “These a gga ata pad hein 1 a Wf lea i WATS By cit thi téng 36 phan eta s& chia, s6 bj chia va s5 du (mdi) gm: 15+ 141+ 1 = 18 (phin) nhur vay. Khi dd tong cita sb chia, sO bi chia va s6 dir (moi) la : 769 S41 +1 = 756, Sé chia la : 756: 18 = 42 $6 dir li: 42-1 = 41 86 bi chia la: 42 x15 + 41=671 ‘Bai 108 : Sé tao cia An, Binh va Chili nhw nhau. An cho di 17 qua, Binh cho di 19 qua thi lic nay so tao ctia Chi gap 5 lin tong so tio con lic dau mdi ban cé bao nhiéu qua tao ? 86 téo ciia Chi g6m 5 phin thi ting sé téo ctia An va Binh 1a 10 phin, $6 téo ma An vi Binh di cho di li : 17 + 19 — 36 (qui) Vis6 tio cia Chi gap $ lin tong s6 téo cin lai cia An vi Binh nén s6 to ob. Jai cia hai bon gom | phan. Nhu vy An va Binh di cho di so phin la: 10-1 (phan) Vay sé tio ciia Chi la : (36: 9) x 5 = 20 (qua) Viba ban c6 sé to bing nhau nén mbi ban lic du cé 20 qua. Bai 109 : Con sé nao trong cac 6 2, 3, 4, 5 can thay yao dau chm hai (2) aé hop logic? oaloo/o0 AA|OoO/AO pomon FIENNES BAM glal: Goi s6 thay vao hinh tdn 1 a, 96 thay vao tam gid lab va s6 hay vao hinh vudng la c, taco: a+ 3x b = 22. Vi3 x b chia hét cho 3 “Tbs tip 23 cand ayant ValyroieTeniéa 4] én ha mua 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q. ae ‘cho 3 dur I nna chia cho 3 dur (*). Ta lgic6 2xa+2x¢ R2 10, enhé nhat ‘nén a lon nhat la (10 - 2 x 2) (**). Tir (*) va (**) ta. co. a= 1. Do do L +3xb=2; (22-1) :3=7;c=(10-2x1):2 =4, Vay 36 cin thay vao déu chim hoi dé hgp Wogic la sb 4 Bai 110 : Hay ding tat ca cae chit sé, mdi chi sé mot Lan dé yiée wim sé ty nhién, trong 46 ¢6 mot sé lin lugt bing 1/2 ; 1/3 : 1/4 va 1/5 cée sb con lp Bui gid: Goi 5 5 tw nhign xdp theo thirurtir bé dn lim la A; Bs C;D 5 E Né A ob 1 chits) thi E khong vugt qui 9 x 5 45. Nhur thé co 4 36 cb Khong qua 2 chit sb nén mdi chi ding khéng qua 9 chit s6 (2 x 4 + 9). Vay Ac ahitu hon I chit sé, Neu E 6 3 chi thi Ao itmhde 2 chit 58 (vi 100 : 5 = 20). Nhu vay co 4 86.6 2 chit s6 va 1 80 663 chit so nén phai dung hig hom 10 chirs6 (234 +3 = 11). Vay cd 3 55 phi la cic sb 08 2 chit 9b va E lon hon 4S chia hét cho 5. Viy E.e0 thé la : 95; 90 ; 85 ; 80:75; 70; 65; 60 ; 53 ; 50. Ta o6 bang hea chon sau: ATe®[c[o]|e [kauan 79 | 38 | 87 | 76 | 85] (Loa 18 | 36 | 54| 72 | 90] (Chon) 17 | 34 | 51 | 68 | 85] (Loa) 16 | 32 | 48 | 64 | 80] (Loai) 15 | 30 | 45| 60] 75] (Loan) 14 | 28 | 42] 56] 70] (Loa 13 | 26 | 39] 52] 65] (Loa) 12 | 24 | 36] 48 | co} (oa 11 | 22 | 33] 4¢ | 55] (Loa) 10 | 20 | 30| 40 | 50} (Loa) 86 thir nit 14 18, s6 thir hai 1a 36, s6 the ba la 54, 96 ther cu 1a 72 va s6 thie S 190. Bai 111: Ban hay xéa nhing chit so nao do dé duye phép tinh ding : 151 x 375 = 450. Bai gidi : Hai thira so 6 yé trai ding thite chi c6 cic chit s6 lé nan dit xéa cic chit s6 nu thé nio thi két qua phép nhin cing 1é m@t s6 lé. Véy vé phai chi 06 thé 145 hode 5 Trudng hop 1: K&t qua phép nhén LAS ta.c6 “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovata Gt catch xéa : 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q. ae ‘sfis(78)- 4860. Trung hop 2: Ké qua phép nhén 1a 5 ta c6 hai cach xa: [i5)1«(37]5 = [4]s[g). 1 G7s-Als. Bai 112 : Co hai tim bia hinh vuéng ma s6 do cac canh chia hét cho 3. Dit tim bia hinh vudng ohé lén tim bia ‘thi dign tich phan tam bia khong bi chong én 1a 63 cm’, Tim canh cua mii tim bia dé, Bai gi ‘Ta dye im bia hinh yung nho én tim bia hinh yudng Kin sao cho canh hina ‘udng nko tring khit véi eanh hinh vuong Ién. Goi hai hinh wang i va AEGHL. Digmtich phan tim bia khong bj chong len bao gom ha hit BCKE va DKGH. Hai hinh chir nhat nay co BE: )H (chinh 1a. do eée cqeh cin hai hinh vudng). Chuyén hinh chit nit BCKE suéng ben { DKGH ta duge hinh chit nhat GKMN. Kni do ta c6 ci HDMN 1i 63 em. Ta thiy hinh chir abjt HDMN o6 chiew u rong chinh 1a tong va higu s6 do hai canh hinh yudng. Vi hai hinh vudng déu 66 sb do cic canh la s6 ty nhién chia hét cho 3, nén tong va 36 do hai cenh hinh vudng cing phai la s6 chia hét cho 3. Do dé chidu dai va chidu rong ca hinh chir nhat HDMN dau li s6 chia hét cho 3. x63 = 3x21=7x 9 nén chigu dai va chigu rng cia hinh chit hat HDMN phal 1a 21 em va 3 em. Vay 46 dai canh cia tam bia hinh vudng nhs la : 21 - 3) :2=9 (em) Dé dai canh cia udm bia hinh vudng kin li : 9 +3~ 12 (cm) ‘anh hinh chit ni 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe = 2008-2004 _ 4007. , 2008, 1 yy 2004 2004+2005 4009 * 2004 2 2005 2 2008 | 2004, 1,14 ‘2004 2005° 2 2 Dod M> 1. Vay M> N. Nh§n x61: Céc ban 06 thé nhan xét 2003, 2003, 20042004 2004 ” 2004-2005 “* 2008 ” 2004 +2008 nén dé suyraM>N. BAi 114 : Mgt bing 6 vuéng gdm 3 dong va 8 ot nlurhinh va. Trén mai dong ta dién cic sb ty nhién lien tép tir 1 dén 8 vao mai 6 theo thir ty tay ¥ (ao8i 8 mot sB va mdi sb chi didn m@ lan) sa0 cho ting cic sb & 8 cht au bing nhau. Ban Nhi cho ring cé thé lim duge con ban Tin kl Khong dién duge. Hoi ai duing, ai sai ? MH BI glal: Git sit e6 thé didn duge theo yéu clu bii ton (Ban Nhi néi ing) ‘Teng cdc sb ty mhien tien tgp tr én 8 dst +2+3+445+64748= 36. Mii dang ditn céc 36 ty nhign lign tidp tit 1 adn 8 nén ting cde sé trén 3 dong trong bang 6 vudng dé 1a : 36 x 3 = 108. Vi tong cic so o 8 cot déu Siig niki nd tang tit of cde 4A trong bllig’d vote phi IA cape oh ghia ble cho 8. Nhung 108 khéng chia hét cho 8 nén digu gia sit tren 1a sai we Ia ‘ban Nhi ndi sai vi ban Tin néi ding Bai 115 : Néu dém cac chit s6 ghi tat cd cate ngay trong nim 2004 trén tir lich troo twong thi sé duge két qua | bao nhiéu ? Ri ‘Nim 2004 i nim nhufin c6 366 ngiy. MOtnam cO 12 thing, mbi thing co 9 ngay tir ming 1 dén mang 9 1a nhoing, ngiy duoc viét bing céc si cd I chit so. Nhu vay sO ngay duge viét bing s5 06 I chirs6 la : 9x 12 = 108 (ngiy), “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovata EE 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam ‘tratennGeon otnestaas 318 TosNn 1Q. ae 58 8 ngiy cOm Iai trong nim duge vide bing sb c6 2 chit sb li: 366 - 108 (nay) . Vay dém cic chit so ghi tat ca cdc ngiy cia nam 2004 trén té lich thi ta dirge 1 x 108 +2 x 258 = 624 (chit so). Bal 116 : Cho 14.4404 B14 tS x, 7 Hay so sinh $ va 1/2. Bai gi § la tng clia 10 phan sma Pe : Ait As te 75° 20' 16 20 Med gt tA Alt T1213 14°45 ‘4817 1819 3 1,41 10 Sy ta: 8>9x + 4.4.4 4 > Bai 117 : Cho mt sé tu nhign, néu viét thém mée chit sé yao bén phai sb 446 ta duye sb méi hon s6 da cho duing 2004 don vi, Tim s6 da cho va chit 86 viet thém, Céch 1 : Khi viét thim mét chit sé ndo d6 vio bén phai mot 36 ty nhién dai cho ta duge s6 mdi bang 10 lan s6 tr nhien do cong them chinh chir so viet chirs6 viét thém Id a, ta 8 sod8 : 8668 chor 2006 9 Lin 58 d3 cho li : 2004 - a. S64 cho la: 2004 - a) :9, “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovaias 1 tha hit Tos Ve Nem Li cane com Hone 0819281318 ToAN 1Q. oe Vi sé di cho li sé tyr nhi8n nn 2004 - a phai chia hét cho 9, s 2004 chia 9 duro néna chia cho 9 phai du 6, ma a la chir 6 nén.a = 6. $6 we nhign da cho fh (2004-6): 9 = 222 . . _ Clich 2 = Goi sd ty nhién di cho 18 A chit sé vik thém la x thisé mdi lb A Tacé Ax- A = 2004 Ax 10 +x- A= 2004 (plan tich sé) Ax 10-A+x=2004 Ax (10-1) + x= 2004 (mét sé nhin véi mot tong) AK 9+x= 2004 Vi Axx 9 chia hét cho 9 ; 2004 chia 9 dr 6 nén x chia cho 9 phai dur 6. Vix la chit so nénx=6. Tacé Ax 9+6= 2004 Ax9=2004-6 Ax9= 1998 Az 1998 :9 A= 222, ‘Vay s6 tw nhign da cho la 222 : chit s6 viet thém li 6. ‘Bai 118 : Mt ta gidy hinh yudng c6 dign tich 1a 72 cm’ thi duing chéo ‘iia tir gidy dé dai bao nhigu ? Bai gidi : Goi ti gidy hinh vuéng la ABCD. Ndi hai dong chéo AC vi BD cet nhou tai O (hinh v6) Hinh widng duge chia thinh 4 tam gide vuding nh c6 dign tich bing nhau Dign tich tam giée AOB la: 72: 4 = 18 (cn Vidign tch tam giée AOB bing (OA x OB) :2, do dé (OA x OB) :2= 18 (cm). Suy ra OA x OB = 36 (cm), ViOA = OB ma 36 = 6x6 nin OA = 6 (em, ViAC=2 xOA nén d) dai dung chgo aia gily 45d: 6 x2 = 12 (em) Bai 119 : Trong dot tring cay dau nim, lop SA cir mt so ban di tring cay va trong duge 180 cfy, mdi hgc sinh trong duge 8 hac 9 cay. Tinh sé hoc sinh tham gia tring cay, biét s6 hoc sinh tham gia la mt s6 chia nét cho 3. “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam [ cane com Hone 0819281318 ToAN 1Qveom Bil glal : Néu mbi tan trdng 9 cy thi sé ngudi tham gia & it nhdt va chinh Wi: 180 9 =20 (ngud). Vi 180 :8 = 22 (die) ném sb nguii than gia nhidu abit fi 22-ngudi vi Khi 6.00 4 ngudi iréng 9 cay, con lai moi gue trang 8 cay. ‘Theo dau bai so nguisi tham gia li mt so chia hét cho 3 nén c6 21 bgn tham gia Bai 120: Ching minh ring khong thé thay cic chi bing cae chit sé dé 6 phép tinh ding : HOCUUL. ROBO. 2004 Xét chit s6 hing don vi : C6 2 truimg hop xy ra: Trung hop 1: 1>C. Ki d6 phép tri o hang don vi khong c6 nhé sang hing chue, @ chit } hing chy :U - O= Ohay U =O. @ chit hang tram : V- H=Ohay V =H. Do dé HOGVUI < VUHOG(i & chit sé hing nghin C <1), Trutng hyp 2: 1 61). Néu s6 bi cia Xuan 1a 2 thi so bi ctia Ha la 3, s6 bi ctia Thu la 27 Gx9=27) 86 bi cia Dong Lit “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovata 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe 61 -(2 43427) =29 (vién), Bai 134. Thay cic chit efi dui diy bai eae chit s6 (chit e thay béi cic chit s6 khaic nhau) sao cho két qua cic phép tinh duéi day dat gid tri lon nhit. CHUC + MUNG +THAY + CO +NHAN +NGAY- 20-11 1 \ sud hgn aking hing cao okt vk ahi lin at nn pha ‘ng 9 4€ ket qua lon shat. Tigp db C xuit hign & bing coo shat cin la gidng M va T nhung C con @ hai hang khac nita nén C bang 8. Neu M la 7 HH TIA 6 va.nguge lai, Ket qua cia php tn khong thay db. Ver lip luda nh tén thi H bing 5, U bing 4 VAG la 8. Tird0 A bang 2, ¥ bing 1 8.0 la a Viy aed 2 dip 8548 + 6493 + 7521 + 80 4+ 9529+ 9321 - 20-1 1461 va 8548 + 7493 4 6521 + 8) + 9529 +9321 -20- II = 41461 Bi 135 : Thing dB Long biét duge sé hoe sinh cia truimg Thing cubi nim gc vira ri c6 bao nhigu hge sinh durge nhan thuring ? Bigt ring sé hoe sinh durge nhjn thug fi so c6 ba chit s6,va rit thi vi li ehiisd hang trim, chi sb hang dom vi eidng nhau, Néa nhin s6 nay voi 6 thi ‘duge tich 1a 6 cling cd ba chir s0 va trong tich do co mot chit s6 2. Bai giai : Goi s6 phi tim la aba(a kha b;a ; bho hodc bing 9). Theo dau bai ta c6 aba x 6 = deg (d khde 0 ; di €; ‘Néuta In hon hoae bing 2 thi 6 = deg (deg 5 m3t chit s6 2) Do d6 : g= 1x6 =6 vad lin hon hoic bing 6. Vi thé :e=2 Vib x6~nénb=2hode b= 7. thi 121 x6= 726 (Ding) Néub=7 thi 171 x 6 = 1026 (Loni Vay sé hoe sinh nhgn thudng 18 121 ban. iho hon hode bing 9), fh nhiéu han 3 chit so. Vy = 1.Ta cd Ihlx ‘Bai 136 : Em hay di chuyén hai que didm Lai dang vi ori dé két qua phép ‘inh Bi a soa+ase4a Tuvintis 23 cunér én ti Valrroic Tainiéa 4/Lénhé maine, Taken 231516 A 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam (van com natn oFTaaHt 316 TosNn 1Q. ae Cach 1: Ta chuyén que diém 6 yita chi sé 8 dé c6 cht sé 0. Ly que digm do hip vio chi 38 5 cin 38 502 48 duge «6 602. Léy 1 que $6.2003 va dat vao vit Khe cua chi sb 3 d6 dé chuyen s6 2005 thann 56 2002, a 2 phép tinh ding: Céch 2: Ta chayén que diém 6 gitta s6 8 dé co chit so 0. lay que diém do hip vio chi s6 5 cia s6 502 dé duge 86 602. Ly 1 que didm o chit 362 cu s6 602 va dit vdo vit khéc eva chirsé 2.46 48 chuyén s6 602 thanh s6 603, ta «6 phép tinh ding : 603+35 «4 003 ‘Bai 137 : Mét ban chon hai sé ty nhién tuy y, tinh tong cia ching rdi lay ‘tong dé aban véi chinh né. Ban ay ciing Lim tung ty d6i voi higu cia hai sé ma minh di chon 46, Cudi cing eng hai tich tim duge véi nhau. Héi Hing tng cia hai tich d6 1a s6 ehin hay s61é ? Vi sao ? in (hod déu va mét lz). Tong, higu cia hai 6 1a 56 chin. $6 chin han voi chinh nd duge sb chan. Do do cong hai tich (1a hai so chin) phai dunge >) Mot sb chin va mor sé é. Tong, higu eta ching du la s6 1. $6 18 aban ‘v6i chinh n6 dirgc 6 1é. Do 46 cong hai tich (1a hai s6 1é) phai durge s6 chan. Vay theo diéu kign cia bai toi thi két qu cn bai ton phi la 36 ch [BAi 138 : a) Hiy phn tich 20 thinh tng cic sb tynhién sao cho tich cic sé ty nhién ay ‘cling bing 20. b) Ran of thé lim nhur thé vai bét ki s te ahign urge khong ? Bai giai : Phan tich 20 thinh tich cic so tr nhién kha 1 20 =2% 2% 5=4x5=10x2 ‘Trucing hop : 2 x 2x 5= 20 thi ting ewta ching la: 2+ 2+5=9. Vay dé ting bing 20 thi phii thém vio : 20-9 = 11, ta thay 11 bing téng cia 1] 85 1 khi 40 Lich s? khong thay obi “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovata 1 tg ttn To 10 Vit Nam [ cane com Hone 0819281318 ToAN 1Qveom x 5va20 Lilugn tung ty véi cde treéng bgp : 20 10x 2. Tac63 céch phan tich niu saw Céch 1: 20=2x2x5xlalxixixixtxlxtxIxixl 20=24245F1 F141 41 +141 41414 tlt, Céch 2: 20=4x5K 1K IX INIXIXIXIKIXIXIX OH4454141 ela lelelal ata talel céch3: 20= 1x2 1x LxIxd xxi xix! 2021022414 14lelelateled 1) Moi sb cia hét cho Iva chinh nd s@ king 1am due nur trén vith eda Ivéi chinh né Iuén nhé hon tong cia | vei chinh né. Bai 139; Tim s6 tw nhién a nh6 nhitsao cho a chia cho 2 dw 1, chia cho 5 dw 1, chia cho 7 dw 3 vi chia hét cho 9. Bii gidi : Viachia cho 2 di 1 nén als le Via chia cho $ dur I nén a o6 tan cing la 1 hoge 6. Do d6 a phai od tan cling fi Néua li 5666 hai chi 6 thi do a chia hét cho 9 néna=81, loai vi8I : 11 dir 4 (tri voi didu kign cua dé bai), =Néua Bisco bachitsé nnhé nhit thi chit s8 hang trim phi la 1 Khi d6 dé a chia hét cho 9 thi theo dau higu chia hét cho 9 ta 0d chit sé hing chuc phi la 7 (48 1-+7+1 = 99). ViIT1: 7 =24 dr 3 nén a= 171 ‘Vay sé phai tim nho nhatthoa man diéu kign cua dé bai 14 171 ‘Bai 140 : S46 nay ndim trong pham vi cac 6 ty nbién tir 1 dén 58. Khi viet "na" khang sir dung cic chit s6 1; 2; 3. Ngodira "nd" li sO lé va khong chia hét cho cae s6 3 ; 55 7. Vay "no" la sé nao? ng pham vi cdc s ty nhién tir 1 dén 58, khi viét 15253 nén nd co the la: 5; 759545547549 Bai gid: No ti. 1é nim no khong sirdung cde chit 15:57:59 ‘Ning nb KiGug chia bi cho 3 55,7 néu tong ode a8 wen chi 06 47 1a ‘théa man. Vay né la 98.47, “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovaios 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe Bai 141: Ban Tan thye hign phép chia mé¢ sé cho 12 thi du 1 va chia sé 6 cho 14 thi du 2. Ban hiy chimg Tan da Lam sai it abAt moe phép ‘tinh, BM glad: A =12.xp+1=14.x442 (v6i qld sh wrmniem Tathly 12x pls chin nén A= 12% p+ l lasdle 14x qla so chin nén A= 14 xq +2 las0 chi A khOng thé vira lé vira chén nén chac chin c6 it nhit mot phép tinh sai Bai 142 : Vin cy ba Thurge 6 $6 ey chura dén 100 va e4 4 loai cay : soli, cam, mit, buds, Troug 46 26 cly xoai chiém 1/5 s6 ely, «6 ely cam chiém 1/6 sé cay, s6 cay buoi chiém1/4 s6 cay va cn lai la mit, Hay tinh xem moi logi e6 bao nhigu cy ? BA glil:S6 ciy xodi chiém 1/5 sby, sb edy cam ehidin 1/6 sb cy, 96 cay bun chiém 1/4 35 cay néa s6 ciy trong vuiin phai chia hét cho 4, 5,6. Mi 6 = 2x3 nin sé cdy trong vudm phai chia hét cho 3, 4, 5. Sd nho hon 100 chia cho 3, 4,5 1260. Vay sO eay trong vurim la 60 cay. $6 edy xoii trong wim la: 60: 5= 12 (ci) 36 cay cam trong vuron la : 60 : 6= 10 (ciy) Sé ci biti trong vusim la» 60: 4 = 15 (cay) Sé cay mit trong Vuin la : 60 -(12 + 10 + 15) = 23 (cdy) Bap sO :xoai : 12 cay ; cam : 10 ey ; budi: 15 cay ; mit : 23 cay Bai 143 : Ban hiy chia tim bia bén durdi thanh 6 phan gidng ht nhau vé hinh dang va moi phan cé mgt bang hoa, Dis gil : Ta chia tm bia thinh ci 6 vudng nh bing nhau nh trong hinh vé sau: “Tbs tip 23 cand yen ti VaberoicTeniéa 4] Len he mua ovata Ea 1 tna ht i Ton 10 Vil Na = ‘www oan oer — Hone! 0819281918 ToAN 1Q. oe Ciel {Te} hdy ting s6 0 vudng nhé Id 18 0 rnhau vé hinh dang thi mi phin s& 05 08 61a: 18 : 6 (@) va hinh dang m3i phan phai cd dang hinh chit. ‘Taco eich chia nhur sau : (cat theo duong mau) ‘hin hinh ve thinh 6 phin giéng 3 3 [4 lign tiép 22345658: )9R ; 1000. Sau khi didn thém cic du + boc du - vio gia cic s6 theo ¥ minh, ban Binh thyc hign phép tinh duoc ket qua la 2002 ; ban Minh thye hign phép tinh duge két qui la 2006, Ai tinh ding ? Bai gil: Tit 2 din 1000 08 : (1000 - 2) : 2 +1 = 500 (66 chin) Tong cic s6 d © N = (1000 +2) x 500 : 2 = 250500. 86 niy chia het cho 4, Khi thay + a thanh -a thi N bj giam dia x 2 cing la s6 chia hét cho4. Dodd két qua cudi cing phai la s6 chia bét cho 4. Binh tinh duge 2002, Minh tinh

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