sto be from qué 8, 6 dau dén + to be on holiday: nghi matTHE POSSESSIVE CASE| (G6 hitu céchy Né duzc thinh lip bing céch thém ‘s hogc * eau danh ti chl nguéi s& hiv ‘Singular Noun = My mother’s blouse (ao cia me 151) (danh tr 56 18) « John’s car (x0 cia John) « Her boss's car (xe cba dng chi ob dy) Plural Noun with - 6: + The teachers’ books (anh tr sé nhiéu 05 (sich cia chic gito vién) + tan cing) + The students’ pens. (vidt cha cdc hoc sinh) Plural Noun without - The children’s toys (68 choi eda tré con) (@enh td 96 nhigy khéng ob ~The men’s shoes (gidy cba nnGng nguéi din 4ng), = tn ang) “S* 6 3 cach phat am nhur danh to 56° nhidu. Vidu: - Jonn's RI -Student’s —/s/ + Boss's // + Whose factory ia it ? {Ws the workers” factory. Whose car is it ? + Is my boss's car 2 Nha my nay oa ai ? Nha may nay la eda obng nhén, 2 TRS xe hoi nay + Xe hoi ndy |b ode thd tudng wi. Chi j= + Ching ta diing si hu céch cho ngudi (people) va déng vat (animals) Ex: - Peter's brother + Chiing ta diing of cho vat (things). Ex: The roof of the building The end of the street + Ching ta o6 th8 ding o& 2 dang cho noi chén (places), cfc tS chic (organizations) Ex: + London's mwscums - the muscums of London (ec vign béo ting Luén 86r). ~The company’s future = the future of the company (wong lal cba cing ty)GRAMMAR SOME ANY MOT VAI, MOT iT . BAT CU, NAO “some (ding trong céu khding dinh). some (+ danh ttt khéng dém dog : chit It some (+ danh hi dm dure, eS nhibu) vai Vidy : ~ Some water: eat ft nue + Some students : val noc sinn + Some sugar : chit duéng = Some chairs vai céi ghd “There's some wine in the boitle, C6 chiat It argu wong chai. There are some students in the classroom. Cé vai hoc sinh trong {6p hoc. any: nao c& (ding trong cdu phi dink va nghi vn, o& danh ni khong 6ém duec va danh ti dém duge, 06 nhiéu). Vidy : + There isn’t any butter in the fridge. Kn6ng 08 chill bo no trong ti lan. - Is there any cheese in the fridge ? C6 chit bo néo trong ni lanh khéng 7 + There aren’t any eggs in the fridge. Knéng 06 edi ting nao trong ti lanh. = Are there any tomatoes in the fridge ? C6 trai cd ehua nao trong ti lanh khéng ? =m tot: Nhiéu (ating cho ca danh wi dm duge tn khéng dém suc). + How much (+ danh ti khéng 66m duge).......? Bao nhidu + (danh ni 6 86 if). Bps05k) + How mony (+ danh wr 48m durae), 2 Bao nhidu + (di véi danh ny adm duge sf nhidu).....-.-......? Vidu: - How much butter ie there in the freezer ? C6 bao nhiéu bo trong ti dé 7 - How many chickens are there in the freezer ? C6 bao nhiéu con ga wong th dé 7—————________—_—_ Luu y (1, You, We, They) + have not got .. = There's a telephone on the table (He, She, It) + has not got C6 mBt aign thoal ten ban + They have net got atouse (they haven't got.) - There are some books in the drawer GRAMMAR —————— TO HAVE GOT + NOUN 6... Affirmative ~~ tterrogative (1, You, We, They) + have got . Have (F, you, we, they) got. 2 (He, She, If) + has got Has (he, she, it) got..? _| + Thave got (I've got) a new car - Have you got any children ? - Yes I have Téi ob mbt xe hoi mi Chi cd con khdng 7 Ving. ob. = She has got (She's got) a Jot of money in = No, Thaven’t — Khéng, iéng 05 the bank = Has he got a bicycle? = Yes, he has. C8 dy od nhibu tén & gan hang. Ann dy 05 x0 dap khSng 7- Vang 05 Negative - No, he hasn't = Khdng, khong oS | | t | (Ho kndng 05 cn ana) C6 val quyén stich rong ngén k60, { - He has mot got a job. (He hasn't got... + There is (are) : 88 cp dén ngudi hay vat ‘Anh tt khng 66 vide lam. hip 06 & mgt dia dim nao 46. - Toe got a camera: Téi ob mSt may nh. = She's got a sister: Cd by 05 mét ngudi chi * Have (has) got: Khi xe dinh 1 quyén 9c huGRAMMAR THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TE! Thi hign tel tip didn Ci mo: Subject + (am, is, are) + Verb + ing vd ~ fm doing my exercises - She's reading an English book - They're not playing tennis. - Are you telephoning your boyfriend ? Céch thém —ing véo mét déng th : 1. Héu hét cc 66ng nz khi thém —ing, khdng va 2 Bing itn cling -2, bé -* truéc kn them ng Vd: drive - He's driving to London 3. Bong nr oO mot nguyén Am ding wwoC phu &m cu6i, gp 661 phy dm tute kn ‘thém —ng Vd: run: Bill is running into the house 4. Bing th 06 hai vin, néu trong am 6 van {10 hai va tin cling Id mat phu dm thi gp 81 phy im trade hi thém ing Vo: begin I'm beginning work Cach dung : Thi nign tai vp an 66 On th 1. MOtnanh dng dang xéy ra vio 1c Ndi Vd. She's typing some letters now. Hign gié chi dy dang dénh may thu ti. {C6 thé ding at the moment, at present... 66 thay cho now) 2. Métdu dinh trong tung lai cd trang tu chi ‘thai gian di kim hu - tomorow, next (week) monty summer.) Vd: We're spending next winter in Australia Chiang 161 88 nghi mia ding wi 6 UcGRAMMAR FREQUENCY ADVERRS with THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE TRANG TU NANG DIEN véi THI HIEN TAI BON hoays Totwen! Quén tudn) get up You usually Siege , We —aften [ted } (easong exxsng) They semetimes —Feamtaima) (481 kh, thinh thong) at seven o'clock He | sccasionally — feketdgonol1) | gets up Sho rardy Feeate\li/ (Iti, him Kh) never Trewin) —_(khng bao gid) He is sometimes late for work 1) Frequency Adverts tudng dét sau ding ur TO BE va gudc ding tr THUONG, 2) Frequency Adverbs thudng xuft hign vdi The Simple Present Tense didn th tba! quen (nabitual actons) hay nanh déng lép ¢i Hip ial (repeated actions). 3) Frequency Adverbs ihusng ding tri Wi cu hdl HOW OFTEN.(GRAMMAR ADVERBS OF MANNER Trang ti thé cach ‘Trang ti thé céch | ndi iin céich thic mit déng tac on ra mn ndo Va: - They're talking notsiy. Ho dang néi chuyén mot cach dn ao. He drives carefully. Ann By Iai xe mgt céch cén md. (ach thanh lép trang ti chi thé cach : Adjective + ly ~ Ady Vd; + beautiful + beautifully + careless + carelessly 1. Che tinh tit tin cing -y, 46) thinh «i trade khi thém ly Vd: happy + happily (mét céich wui suéng) — - noisy + noisily (mt chon én ao) = busy + busily (mét ehich bin rén) 2 Ngoai | Vd: - good + well (mt cach tét dep, gidi giang) - fast + fast (mSt cach nhanh chéng) + hard > hard (m6! eich tich ove)‘THE SIMPLE PAST OF REGULAR VERBS (Thi qué knit don ciia d5ng tk thudng) G cde bai trute, ching ta di hoc qué khir don ala cic déng ti bat qui tic (regular Verbs). Trong téng Anh od kholing 300 lrreguiar Verbs. cn lai cfc dng a thuéng (Cxdinary Verbs) khéc ld 65ng th 05 qui the (Reguar Verbs). Treng thi qua Kh don, oS khdag dinh (affirmative) déng ti od qui the duce thém “ED cho tit ob cc nga Va: finish ~ finished (typed, arrived ..) . Che ding ty tin cing ~y ding tude la phy dm, 661 thanh 4 tude khi thém -ed (Photocopied, studied ... ). Nhung : played, stayed, enjoyed, obeyad (truse ~y lé mit nguyén &m). (Che ang ti ob mBt nguyén fim duy nhét, hai gdp 48i phy rm trudc khi thém -ed. (stopped, planned, stepped.) 4. Clich phat Am -ED. a It laughed opened worked closed stopped formed passed hurtied washed watched Cio 1 0 am cub la Ips. . SU - & né phi dinn (negative) va né nghi vin (interrogative) phai ding tro 66ng th (auxiliary verb) TO DO 6 dang qué kni : DID (NOT) Nhu 6i v6i d6ng tH bat qui the. Vd: He enjoyed the film (affirmative) = He didn't enjoy the film (negative) + Did he enjov the film ? (interrogative} (No, he didn’t) Tro cae am sot ad Che ti 0 am oud i {a}GRAMMAR ‘The Uses of The Simple Past Tense (Cch dng thi Qué Khu don. ‘The Simple Past duoc ding = 1/ Noi vi céc bign 6, inh dong hay ‘inh Ihuding ray ra trong qué Khir va da kat thc (to talk about events, actions or situations ‘which happened in the past and are'now finished) Thuring c6 cic Adverbs nh: yesterday, ago, lst im theo hodc biéu ngdm trong tinh huSng. EX: -Sam phomad a minute ago. -1 saw Fred in town. (hidu 1a when I was| there this moming) 2/ Noi dén mot thdi quen trong qué Kh (to describe # past habit) EX: He smaed twenty cigarettes a day till he gave up. Ong ay thuving hit 20 digu thude mot gay cho dn khi bo hut.THE PAST CONTINUOUS in contrast with THE SIMPLE PAST Continuous or Simple ? Hay doc doen van sau 1t was a lovely day, and the sun was shining I was walking along the field when I saw a plane. It was fiying very low It wor making a strarge noise I knew there was a problem It came down in the noxt field, and | heard a crash I ran to the village and phoned for help GRAMMAR Past cont. - 48 ch] cdc hainh dng xdy ra trong cdu chuyén 48 chi ching te dang 6 gia hanh déng (to (for the actions in the story) say that we were in the middle of an acton) ra to the village 1 was waikmg across the field. = DUng cho cc apng ti mr duy (thinking), cm (We were in the field) gidc (feeling) - 66 Ot b6i canh mé Adu cu chuyén (to set knew there was a problem ‘the scene at the beginning of the story) We liked the film The sun sous shining = Dung didn i hanh déng nay xdy ra 6p sau Past Simple han ding khéc (two past simple verbs for one -88 chi hanh 4gng d& hodn tét tong qué Khir action after another.) {a complete action in the past) When | heard the crash, | ran to the villi | walked across the field. (> Uheard it and then I ran) (1 crossed it completely) = Dung ci hai thi trong cfu khi hénh d6ng ngén cét ngang hénh ding dai hon. 1 was walking to my car when somebody 1 was waikmg along the field when jhit me on the head. | saw a plane.| ‘CRAMMAR [THE PRESENT PERFECT OF TO BE - 10 Go| You | have been you | been We | haven't gone Hae | we gone They_|_have not Shey _ then ? been te ben gone Has | she gone I it Che §: 1. have/has been to a place ; ding voi j 08 dn noi nao 48 trong qua khir va 68 wé v8 r6i. 2 have/has gone to a place : dng Khi nbi da di Cau 66 kndng xAc din rd di dm vd vn chya to va.Jaurwns ye} Buea. eA UE soon f > “ues eYN 0} 1a2q 20 = PIA coBe ‘Aepsarsak 82| | Ay 292 go Buns “LSvd TTaNIS 3HL Gunp “gut AO WAND 1o\a Yuip 99K G9 Bs Aex op om BUOG - WeA ‘yn ‘Apeewe ‘Anusces ‘Yenp - spy Fo 99 BUOMYL “LO3It3d LNSS3¥d SHL Sune 1 (wgP 19m UP 4 nyo BugYy BOY) eu nO WIgIp 14 CO BugYy w hex Bp om Bug - | (19 PUR 95 SUN MANAGE) : SCION Arana a - ~ ane | oy | grew ayanoq gues [ar] | gsm uses emp | om | cre uaos zx op | 0K |e tomap | 1] pp uoun 4a sop \GRAMMAR (COMPARISONS OF ADJECTIVES Cc dang so sénh cila tinh tr |The comparative form (Dang so sinh hon) A) Superiority: (hon) 1. Short Adjectives: 80 snh oie tinh nr agin. Adj + er (than) Tinh ti ngdn ta tinh ti chi od mét vin, | Vd: Long, short, fast. Examples: - Bill is twenty. = John is twenty-two. John is older then Bill John ion tudi hon Bil Bitlis younger than John Bil nnd ‘ud non John. Notes : | a) Tinh ti tin cng lh -2 cht thém -r Vad: large = larger snice > nicer b) Cac tinh ti oS mot nguyén &m duy abét ‘dung tee phu &m cudi pai gép di phy Am 46 true Kni thém or. Vd: - thin thinner < fat fatter swet wetter ~ big Digeer €) Cie tinh ti && hai vén nhung ta eiing 1a ~¥; eGing due x6p vio losi tinh th gan; 48) Y thanh IER; cde tinh ti tin cdng lé LE, ET, OW, ER oGing duge xem 1a tinh tir ngdin, vd = noisy noisier (6n do hon) - happy happier (sung sursng hon) heavy — heavier (ning hon). = noble nobler (qui pha hon) = quiet: quieter (yn finh hon) cnurrow : narrower (hep hon) + elevercleverer_(théng minh hon) @) Ngoai = - good better «bad worse. 2 Long Adjectives: So sénh cis cée tin ti ai. More + (than) Tinh tt dai la cde tinh ni oS hai van wé lon. ‘Vai: boring, comfonable; beauti(ul Va: = A Jumbo Jet is more ecomomical than a ‘Concorde. ‘Chiiée Jumbo Jot thi tist kigm xing hon chide Concorde. - Hor younger sister is more beautiful thon she &) Em gai ob fy dep han ob dy. B) Inferiovity: (Kom hon). Less + Adj + than Thusng ding cho cdc tinh ti di, chi mie 68 kém hon, ‘Vd: = This hotel is less comfortable thon that one. . Kniich aan nay kém tiga nghi hon knéich san kia. - This building is less maders than that one. ‘Téa ceo Sc néy kém hién dai hon cao Se kia.GRAMMAR TO HAVE TO + VERB) TO HAVE TO + VERS ob ngitia 14 “phd, didn té mot bdr phan, mot vigc phi lm kNécH quan. N6 0 cach chia é hién tai don (Simple Present) vA qua kni don (Simple Past) nhu bat ‘cu mbt déng tw thutng nao khac. Vd - Because I'm new, I have tv make the tea VI chéu mdi wao lam nén chau phai pha wa =I don’t have t work on Sundays. Chdu khéng hii tim vite vao nhing ngdy chi nhét = De you have to study a foreign language at schol ? Ban phai hoc ngoai ngi 6 trudng khong 7 Chiing ta ding MUST kni viéc phav lam dé la bén phén cua nguei néi, ding HAVE TO khi vide hai lm 66 ta do su bétbuge th Bbnngodl. (We use MUST when the necessityis insidethe speaker ‘and HAVE TO when the necessity is outside the speaker, when it comes fromthe situation) Vd=- You must finish this today. - have te finish this today (Um telling you) (The boss says so) + You must be quiet, . + You have to be quiet ('m telling you)GRAMMAR ITHE SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE| Thi trong lai don Ciu wo: 'S + shall/will + Verb] Notes : SHALL thudng ding véi ngéi the nhdt, WILL duge dling cho c&c ngéi abn l/we thall go he/she you/they Gfich dung: Thi trong laidon gin ding a8: 1. Din 1d mot dong thesé xy ra trong trong Iai (an action in the future ) = We shall have our test next month Ching 15i 88 du thi vao thing thi. = The concert will be over at 10.00. (Budi hda nhec 88 két thic hie 10 gid). 2. Kni& dang ou hai, theéng ding 68 onl 1mBtidi mdi (an invitation) hay mét di you chu lich sur (a polite reques!), ‘Vd: Will you go the cinema with ine now? ‘Anh di xem phim véi tbi bay gié nhé 7 — va 3. Shall... ? Shailwe ...? dung 48 46 nghi. Lot's 68 Wi 16i cho "Shall we..." Vd :- Shall | take your coat ? Téi 88 gid do khade cho dng nhé ? (nguéi phue vy & nha hang néi vei kheh) ~ Shall we eat out? Ching ta ¢i fin tiém = Yes, let's go he? hi dung SHALL & ngdi mW hai, me be va WILL 6 ng6i thi nh sé didn 1. Mt lt hira_(@ promise) Vd: You shall have my answer tomorrow. Anh Sy 88 nhan duwc phic dap cia 16) ngay mai. 2. Mit quyét tim (a determination) Vd: He shall help me. Anh dy quyst long giép th. 3. Mét eur him dow (a threal) va Brutus Cray shall knock out Joe Freezer. Brutus Cray doa sé he do vin Joe Freezer. * Khi didn th mOt dis dinh hay mot dong tac duoc xBp dit tric th) sé ding th! wong lai ‘gin: TO BE GOING TO.INDEFINITE PRONOUNS BAI TU BAT BINH * SOME: TAt ch cle th ghép vei SOME dudi day due ding & cdu khang dinh. SOMETHING: Mat oii gh & Vd: - There's something in my eye. i gi 46 rong mit wi. “T have something to tell you. Ti ob diy nay ndl enh nghe day. SOMERODY; SOMEONE: Mot nguéi nao 6, &i. Vd: Semebndy is knocking at the door. Al 6ang gé cia kia, - There's sumeone in the other office. C6 ai & phdng bén kia kta SOMEWHERE: Mét noi nao dé, & dau 6. . Vd :- I need somewhere to koep my bike Tél céin mét chd git chide xo dep cia t8i Chit ¥ : Cée tir ghép vdi - whare trong bai Somewhare (adv) la tiéng Advert, ~ Your key is somewhere in this room! Chia kha cia anh & dau 46 trong phdng nay thei. ~ Her hometown is somewhere in London. Qué ob &y 6 mét nai ndo dé tai Luén Bn. RAMMAR “ANY: Tét od cdc a ghép voi ANY duge dling rong cAu phd ainn va ngni vén. ANYTHING: Bét oF diéu 9), bét a cai gi Vd: = Do you know anything about that? Anh cé biét di6u gl vé vide dé khéng ? ANYRODY; ANYONE: Bit ctr ai Vd: - Is there amybady at home? Cé aid nha khéng ? ANYWHERE (adv): B&t a & du Vd: - Did you go amywhere last summer? Ha réi anh 66 61 du khdng ? + NO: NOT... ANY Tai ch céc td ghép vai 2 tt tén ding & chu cé nghle phib din. Céc wy ghép vai No, o cu two obng wr é mé king dinh, céc tw ghép voi ANY. cb ddng ai & thé pris ¢inn, Thad no money: | didn’t have any money TOI KNOng o6 déng no ca. NOTHING = NOT..... ANYTHING: Khéng 6 gi Vd: = L know modring about that . } “ $08 11 don't know anuthing about tat, | TS Wve bide of 6 chi 8 mbt NORODY = NONE = NOT... ANYRODY = NOT... ANYONE: khéng ai Vd: - There's nabody at home = There isn’t anybody at home. Kh8ng 8 ai & aha née. NOWITERE ~ NOT ..... ANYWHERE (adv): Khéng noi ndo cd Vd: - Twent nowhere last summer = I didn’t go anywhere last summer. Tdi ching di dau hé ri ci,Eee eee sins arora | oh | EVERYTHING; Tét ob mol tc. | Everything i all right. Moi vidc déu Wt dep. | EVERYAODY ~ EVERYONE, Tét ob moi nou | Lverybody speaks English in this class. Moi nguéi éu ndi véng Anh & sp néy. | eee Tét ch mei noi, ché nto cing. | Vo Beeywtioe i this citys Benuful. OnB abo rong thAnh ph nay cing dep. |