Gi loi c ph ph hp.

Ti Vit Nam, chng ta hu nh khng bao gi gi ung m ch ni n gin

mt t cph cc lc, n phi l en , en nng, nu hay nu nng, nht l ngi min Bc. Ti
Php, bn cng s phi c th hn trong cch s dng t vng ca mnh bi nu ch ni n thun cho
ti mt c ph, 99% kh nng ngi phc v s mang thng cho bn mt ly expresso ng ngt trong
mt tch b t teo. n gin v y l loi c ph ph bin nht m ngi Php thng dng nn i vi
h, gi mt t c ph cc lc ng ngha l gi loi c ph k trn. Th nn, nu bn mun mt loi c
ph khc, bn nn lu tm hiu trc mt s dng c ph ph bin hay c trong menu ung.

Allong : l loi c ph en nhng nh hn so vi loi c ph en c thng dng bi ngi phc v pha

thm nhiu nc nng hn, thng l gp i. Ti mt s ni, ngi ta c th mang km theo mt ly
nc bn cnh bn ch ng trong vic pha long ty theo khu v ca mnh.

Noisette : c ph en m c expresso b sung thm mt lp sa nh thnh bt trn. Sau khi nh

tan bt v quy u ln, v mu sc ca c ph chuyn sang tng mu nu ging mu ht d nn ngi
Php gi n l noisette. Trong ting php, noisette c ngha l ht d. y c th c coi l phin bn
c ph sa bn Php.

Caf au lait : v mt c bn th y cng ch n thun l c ph sa thi. Tuy nhin, n khc loi cf

noisette ch ngi phc v s mang cho bn mt tch c ph en c km theo mt m sa (nng
hoc lnh). Bn c th b sung lng sa vo c ph en ty theo s thch ca mnh. Loi c ph kiu
ny hay c phc v ti cc nh hng hoc khch sn.

Vn ha ung c ph ti Php

15/05/2015 | Gii thiu nc Php

Nu nh bn c dp xem phim truyn hnh,qung co hay tp ch c lin quan n nc Php, chn hn

bn tng bt gp hnh nh mt ngi ph n Php trong trang phc snh iu ang ngi ngoi hin
mt qun c ph, ming ht thuc l v thi thong nhm nhi mt ly c-ph en c expresso. C l hnh
nh ny bao qut kh ton din v vn ha Php ni chung : m thc tinh t, thi trang, giao lu x hi,
v nhp sng chm tn hng cuc sng
C iu, ly c-ph m ngi ph n ang nhm nhi y, nhn th c v thm thung nhng khng t ngi
Vit m ti bit, khi th qua th nhn mt : sao m ng th!!!!. Thc ra th khng ch c ngi Vit u,
ti cng tng quen ngi M hay Canada sang y nm th mt ly c ph en ca Php v h u
ku : aweful coffee!. Ch khi h tri nghim v ng y th mi thu hiu s tinh t trong cu ni : Nc
Php l quc gia ca vn ha ung c-ph ch khng phi vn ha lm c-ph. ng vy, nc Php
cha bao gi l quc gia trng c ht c-ph. V h cng khng phi l quc gia pht minh ra
phng php ch bin c-ph. H ch n gin l nhp c-ph, du nhp phong cch pha c-ph ca ni
khc n ri theo dng lch s, pha trn vi nhng thi quen tiu th ca ring mnh to ra nn vn
ha mi. Tt c u c gii thch bng lch s rt r rng.

Th k XVII nh du ct mc quan trng trong s du nhp ca cph vo nc Php. Cng trong th

k ny, c mt s thng gia Php mang mt s lng nh cph vo vng quc v gii thiu cho
mi ngi. Tuy nhin, Th Nh K mi l quc gia gp phn chnh thc bin c ph thnh loi thc ung
c chp nhn bi c vng quc. Vo thi by gi, tin thn ca nc Th Nh K l ch
Ottoman. V mi t th vi nc o, ngi Ottoman ch ng lin h vi vua Louis XIV ca Php
nh l mt ng minh qun s chin lc. hp thc ha chuyn ny, vua Ottoman phi s gi n
tip kin vua Louis XIV v cho nm th mt tch cph c pha theo kiu Th. K t lc y, t vua cho
n gii qu tc, tt c u bt u thi quen ung cph nh l mt cch th hin ng cp ca h.
Nn nh rng thi k ny, cph rt him v l mt mn hng xa x, thng c dng nh hng trao
i gia Trung ng v Chu u.

Vi chc nm sau , cph c truyn b rng ri hn i cht. Khng ch gii qu tc m c gii tr

thc v tng lp t sn trung lu cng c iu kin thng thc n. Ngay t nm 1686, qun cph
Procope ra i, nh l mt ni tu tp ca nhng nh thng thi, ni h cng trao i quan im nhn,
gii tr bng cch chi bi.
Procope chnh l ni nhng ho hn ca x hi Php gp nhau, l ni hi t ca nhng La Fontaine
(nh th), Racine (nh son kch), Voltaire (nh trit hc), Diderot (nh vn kim nh trit hc), Jean-
Jacque Rousseau (nh vn, nh trit hc kim nh vn) , Montesquieu (chnh tr gia). V Procope cng l
ni nung nu nhng tng m sau ny bng n thnh cuc Cch Mng Php nm 1789. Nh vy, c
th ni rng ngay t nhng th k XVII-XVIII, vn ha cph ti Php nhen nhm mt s nt c
trng cn tn ti n ngy nay : c-ph l mt ni, mt khng gian ngi Php t tp v bn lun mi
th trn i. Ly cph n gin l mt li cho u cu truyn ngi ta giao lu gp g.

Chng ta nhanh chng sang giai on nhng th k XVIII-XIX, thi k nc Php tr thnh mt cng
quc thc dn vi rt nhiu thuc a trn th gii, c bit l Chu M. Vo giai on ny, ngi
Php cho nhp rt nhiu ht c-ph trng phi robusta t cc thuc a vng Carribe v loi ht ny
tr thnh sn phm tiu th chnh nc Php i lc, n tn hn 90%.

Chnh v l do ny, ngi Php dn dn quen vi v ng ca robusta. Sang n u th k XX, c l vn

ha c ph ca Php t n mc nh im v l giai on khng nh hnh nh nc Php gn lin
vi vn ha ung c ph. Na u th k XX chng kin mt nc Php , c bit l Paris, nh l trung
tm vn ha ca th gii. Rt nhiu ngh s, nhc s, ca s, ha s, nh vn lng danh th gii u lui ti
cc qun c ph gp g, tranh lun hay tm cm hng sng tc. y cng l thi k Paris chng kin
s ra i ca rt nhiu qun c ph ni ting cn tn ti n ngy hm nay, trong phi k n Les
Deux Magots hay Caf de Flore .Cng trong thi k ny, nc Php ang cai tr mt h thng thuc a
kh rng ln, trong phi k n Vit Nam.

Ngi Php v hnh chung xut khu vn ha ung c ph ti thuc a ng Dng. Ban u l
cng ng ngi Php xa x, ri sau m rng hn n tng lp thng lu Vit Nam hc theo phong
cch Ty, ri m rng thm n tng lp tr thc ni chung. Thi by gi, khng kh c th tm thy
mt qun c ph dc ng Trng Tin hay gn ga hng c. Da trn lp lun lch s ny, ti tin rng
vn ha c ph ca ngi Vit chng ta ngy nay t nhiu c hnh thnh l do tha hng mt s yu
t kh tng ng vi vn ha Php.

Tinh hoa ca vn ha c-ph Php ni chung v Paris ni ring nm cch bi tr khng gian ca qun
c-ph. Thng thng, qun ny u c gh ngi c bn trong v ngoi hin, bn th thng hnh trn
v cc khung ca cng nh ct thng c lm bng g v sn cc tng mu n gin. iu c
bit ch y c l l phn ngi ngoi hin, ci m ngi Php gi l terrasse v c ngi Anh v
M, ri sau ny l c th gii ti s dng ngn t di ci tn terrace caf.

Vy tng kt li, i vi ngi Php, qun c ph l a im quen thuc m o hu nh mi

vn , t chuyn chnh tr n nhng c nhng vn nh xu nh chuyn hng xm. Ni n y, ti
ang ni n vn ha c ph ang tn ti trong i a s cc tng lp x hi Php. Ti ni ch i a
s khng phi l khng c l do. Cng nh truyn thng bnh m baguette hay bt c mt nt vn ha
bt k mt quc gia no trn th gii, n sinh ra nhng cng c lc phi thay i thch nghi hoc
bin mt hon ton. Vn ha c ph ca Php mc d vn ang ng vng nh bn thch, khng c
ngha l n khng chu nhng nh hng ca tro lu hi nhp ton cu. Kh nhiu ngi Php khng
thuc i a s, c nhng biu hin ph b truyn thng c, c bit l gii tr. H d dng tip
thu sn sng c ph mi n t Hoa K. N c th l c ph nhanh kiu Mc Donald, hay l c ph snh
iu kiu Starbucks.
Nhng tht l may mn l b phn ny ch l thiu s. Truyn thng m thc Php l mt h thng
phng th qu kin c v c l ang hi qu sc i vi Starbucks . Theo thng k ca cng ty ny vo
nm 2012, sau 8 nm u t vo Php vi h thng 63 c s trn khp ton quc, Starbucks vn cha
c li. Bi l ch khong 5% dn s Php, c bit l gii tr, mi a chung th c ph ca h.

Nh vy, c th ni rng ln sng tn cng ca phong cch c ph mi cha thc s l mi nguy him
ln i vi vn ha c ph Php. Nhng iu ny khng c ngha l vn ha c ph Php bnh chn nh
vi. Nhng thng k cho thy ngi Php c l do lo ngi cho s trng tn ca truyn thng nc
nh. Vo nm 1960, c nc c trn 200.000 qun c ph. Vo nm 2008, ch cn 41.200. Chnh ph
Php hon ton thu hiu mc trm trng ca vic mt ngy no s khng cn qun c ph ni
a no na v vn ha c ph bin mt. l l do v sao c mt s iu lut kh c th ch c
nc Php, nhm mc ch cu sng qun c ph. Ti bit c iu ny khi hc b mn lut hnh
chnh nh nc thi cn theo hc kha qun tr kinh doanh. B lut ny c ni rng cho d qun c ph
vn d l mt dng kinh doanh thng mi mang tnh t nhn, nhng nu qun ny nm nhng khu
vc ho lnh c bit l nhng ngi lng t dn, th s tn ti ca qun y phi c coi l dch v
cng ch, v cn c h tr ti chnh duy tr n. Ngun h tr ti chnh ny s c trch ra t qu
ca ta th chnh

Gi th bn hiu tm quan trng ca c ph trong i sng x hi ngi Php ri ch? Nu c mt ngy

bn c dp t chn n nc Php, c bit l th Paris, ng qun gh qua mt qun c ph c
trng, d ch l ngi mt lc v gi mt tch c-ph. Tuy nhin, c c mt tri nghim ng
ngha, bn khng nn gi lung tung. Vn ha ung c ph ca ngi Php c mt s nguyn tc c bn
m bn nn bit, nu khng s rt d b ngi bi bn Php hoc nhng v khch k bn ngh thm
trong bng : ng l dn Chu nh qu!. Vy, nhng nguyn tc c bn y nh th no?
Cm ht thuc l. Chnh ph Php ra mt iu lut c hiu lc t vi nm nay. Qun c-ph c coi
l ni cng cng nn bn khng c php ht thuc, c bit l khu vc bn trong qun. Bn c th
nhn bit c iu ny qua vic ngi ta biu tng cm ht, hoc t tm bin ghi r dfense de
fumer (cm ht thuc) hoc terrasse non fumeur (khu vc khng ht thuc).
Ni nh vy, nhng bn vn s c c hi ht thuc trong hai trng hp c bit : hoc bn chn ch
ngi ngoi hin, hoc ti nhng khu vc c ghi bin r rng l cho php ht thuc l. trnh nhng
tnh hung phc tp, nu bn thc s l ngi nghin thuc, bn nn trc tip hi lun ngi phc v
xem c khu vc bn no cho php ht thuc khng. ng tnh trng ngi xung ri mi bt u rt
iu thuc ra ht ph pho ri khch xung quanh a nhng ci nhn coi thng vo bn. Nn nh c
rt nhiu ngi Chu u b d ng vi khi thuc l.

Gi bng ting Php. Ti s khng ngng nhc nh cc bn rng ngi Php rt t ho v ngn ng
ca h v s t thi thn thin hn vi bn nu nh bn thn bn c gng i cht s dng mt s
cu ni thng dng bng th ting ca h. ng x ra ting Anh nh mt iu nhim nhin trn t
Php, bi nu lm th, ng ngc nhin khi m ngi phc v cho bn ch mc m lu hn so vi
nhng v khch khc. Ba cu c bn nht m ti khuyn cc bn nn dng. Th nht, khi n hy ch
ng l ngi cho ngi phc v trc, hy ni bonjour (xin cho!). Khi ri bn, hy ni li cho tm
bit au revoir. Khi gi , ngi Vit chng ta hay c cu em i! gi ngi phc v. Trong ting
Php, hy ni monsieur (nu ngi phc v l nam) hoc mademoiselle (nu l n tr, tt nhin vn c
trng hp ngi phc v l mt ph n hn 30 tui nhng him).
Gi loi c ph ph hp. Ti Vit Nam, chng ta hu nh khng bao gi gi ung m ch ni n gin
mt t cph cc lc, n phi l en , en nng, nu hay nu nng, nht l ngi min Bc. Ti
Php, bn cng s phi c th hn trong cch s dng t vng ca mnh bi nu ch ni n thun cho
ti mt c ph, 99% kh nng ngi phc v s mang thng cho bn mt ly expresso ng ngt trong
mt tch b t teo. n gin v y l loi c ph ph bin nht m ngi Php thng dng nn i vi
h, gi mt t c ph cc lc ng ngha l gi loi c ph k trn. Th nn, nu bn mun mt loi c
ph khc, bn nn lu tm hiu trc mt s dng c ph ph bin hay c trong menu ung

Allong : l loi c ph en nhng nh hn so vi loi c ph en c thng dng bi ngi phc v pha

thm nhiu nc nng hn, thng l gp i. Ti mt s ni, ngi ta c th mang km theo mt ly
nc bn cnh bn ch ng trong vic pha long ty theo khu v ca mnh.

Noisette : c ph en m c expresso b sung thm mt lp sa nh thnh bt trn. Sau khi nh

tan bt v quy u ln, v mu sc ca c ph chuyn sang tng mu nu ging mu ht d nn ngi
Php gi n l noisette. Trong ting php, noisette c ngha l ht d. y c th c coi l phin bn
c ph sa bn Php.
Caf au lait : v mt c bn th y cng ch n thun l c ph sa thi. Tuy nhin, n khc loi cf
noisette ch ngi phc v s mang cho bn mt tch c ph en c km theo mt m sa (nng
hoc lnh). Bn c th b sung lng sa vo c ph en ty theo s thch ca mnh. Loi c ph kiu
ny hay c phc v ti cc nh hng hoc khch sn.

Serr : v mt c bn th ging c ph en c expresso nhng mc m c th cao hn v ngi ta

ch cho mt na lng nc nng so vi expresso. y c th c coi l loi c ph c mc m
c v ng level cao nht.

Tin boa c bao gm trong ha n thanh ton nn bn khng cn phi bo thm. Tuy nhin, nu
nh bn thc s cm thy hi lng vi qun c-ph ni chung v cht lng phc v ni ring, bn c
th li mt vi ng xu nh l mt cch khch l h. ng xu ny thng ti thiu l 1 EUR v ti a
l 2 EUR. ng li nhng ng xu di 1 EUR, nh th chng khc g mnh keo kit v coi thng
ngi ta.