:

1.

One of the main disadvantages of artificial intelligence is the cost incurred in the
maintenance and repair. Programs need to be updated to suit the changing requirements,
and machines need to be made smarter. In case of a breakdown, the cost of repair may
be very high. Procedures to restore lost code or data may be time-consuming and costly.

2.

The idea of machines replacing human beings sounds wonderful. It appears to save us
from all the pain. But is it really so exciting? Ideas like working wholeheartedly, with
a sense of belonging, and with dedication have no existence in the world of artificial
intelligence. Imagine robots working in hospitals. Do you picture them showing the
care and concern that humans would? Due you think online assistants (avatars) can give
the kind of service that a human being would? Concepts such as care, understanding,
and togetherness cannot be understood by machines, which is why, how much ever
intelligent they become, they will always lack the human touch.

3.

If robots begin to replace humans in every field, it will eventually lead to

unemployment. People will be left with nothing to do. So much empty time may result
in its destructive use. Thinking machines will govern all the fields and populate the
positions that humans occupy, leaving thousands of people jobless.
4.

1.
With artificial intelligence, the chances of error are almost nil and greater precision
and accuracy is achieved.

2.

Intelligent machines can replace human beings in many areas of work. Robots can
do certain laborious tasks. Painstaking activities, which have long been carried out by
humans can be taken over by the robots. Owing to the intelligence programmed in them,
the machines can shoulder greater responsibilities and can be programmed to manage
themselves.

3.
Siri
GPS

Smartphones are a great example of the application of artificial intelligence. In utilities

like predicting what a user is going to type and correcting human errors in spelling,
machine intelligence is at work. Applications like Siri that act as personal assistants,
GPS and Maps applications that give users the best or the shortest routes to take as well
as the traffic and time estimates to reach there, use artificial intelligence. Applications
on phones or computers that predict user actions and also make recommendations that
suit user choice, are applications of AI. Thus, we see that artificial intelligence has made
daily life a lot easier.

4.

The greatest advantage of artificial intelligence is that machines do not require sleep
or breaks, and are able to function without stopping. They can continuously perform
the same task without getting bored or tired. When employed to carry out dangerous
tasks, the risk to human health and safety is reduced.

Conclusion

It should be understood that artificial intelligence has several pros but it has its
disadvantages as well. Its benefits and risks should be carefully weighed before
employing it for human convenience. Or, in the greed to play God, man may destroy
himself.

Text 1:
HOW CAN AI BE DANGEROUS?
Most researchers agree that a superintelligent AI is unlikely to exhibit human
emotions like love or hate, and that there is no reason to expect AI to become
intentionally benevolent or malevolent. Instead, when considering how AI
might become a risk, experts think two scenarios most likely:
1. The AI is programmed to do something devastating: Autonomous weapons
are artificial intelligence systems that are programmed to kill. In the hands of the
wrong person, these weapons could easily cause mass casualties. Moreover, an
AI arms race could inadvertently lead to an AI war that also results in mass
 casualties. To avoid being thwarted by the enemy, these weapons would
be designed to be extremely difficult to simply turn off, so humans could
plausibly lose control of such a situation. This risk is one thats present even with
narrow AI, but grows as levels of AI intelligence and autonomy increase.
2. The AI is programmed to do something beneficial, but it develops a
destructive method for achieving its goal: This can happen whenever we fail to
fully align the AIs goals with ours, which is strikingly difficult. If you ask an
obedient intelligent car to take you to the airport as fast as possible, it might get
you there chased by helicopters and covered in vomit, doing not what you
wanted but literally what you asked for. If a superintelligent system is tasked
with a ambitious geoengineering project, it might wreak havoc with
our ecosystem as a side effect, and view human attempts to stop it as a threat to
be met.
As these examples illustrate, the concern about advanced AI isnt malevolence but
competence. A super-intelligent AI will be extremely good at accomplishing its goals,
and if those goals arent aligned with ours, we have a problem. Youre probably not
an evil ant-hater who steps on ants out of malice, but if youre in charge of a
hydroelectric green energy project and theres an anthill in the region to be flooded,
too bad for the ants. A key goal of AI safety research is to never place humanity in the
position of those ants.

AI


AI

AI

TEXT 2:
Critics of AI argue that computers are incapable of achieving the level of cognitive
ability that humans exhibit.Most AI systems, however,are better classified as weak
AI,capable of only a limited range of skills and lacking in the ability to 'think' as a
human does.

TEXT 3:
The advantages
Dealing with mundane tasks
One massive advantage of artificial intelligence is its potential to complete mundane
tasks through intricate automation that will increase productivity.Theoretically this
can even remove"boring"tasks from humans and free them up to be increasingly
creative.

Faster decisions
Using artificial intelligence alongside cognitive technologies can help make faster
decisions and carry out actions quicker.

Avoiding errors
The phrase"human error"was born because humans,naturally,make mistakes from
time to time.Computers however,do not make these mistakes-that is,of
course,assuming they are programmed properly.With artificial intelligence,data could
be processed error-free,no matter now big the dataset might be.

Taking risks on behalf humans

With artificial intelligence,you can arguably lessen the risks you expose humans to in
the name of research.Take,for example,space exploration and the Mars rover,known
as Curiosity.It can travel across the landscape of Mars,exploring it and determining
the best paths to take,while learning to think for itself.Using artificial intelligence in
this manner could potentially lead to massive benefits in areas such as demand
forecasting,medical diagnosis and oil exploration.

The disadvantages
Job losses
There is little doubt that artificial intelligence will displace many low-skilled
jobs.Arguably,robots have already taken many jobs on the assembly line-but now this
could extend to new levels.Take,for example,the concept of driverless cars,which could
displace the need to have millions of human drivers,from taxi drivers to chauffeurs,very
quickly.Of course some would argue that artificial intelligence will create morw wealth
than it destroys-but there is genuine risk that this will not be distributed
evenly,particularly during its early expansion.

Distribution of power
Artificial intelligence carries the risk,in the minds of some,of taking control away from
humans-de-humanising actions in many ways.Nations that are in possession of artificial
intelligence could theoretically kill humans without needing to pull a trigger.

Lack of judgement calls

Humans can take unique circumstances and judgement calls into account when they
make their decisions,something that artificial intelligence may never be able to do.One
exxample occurred in Sydney,Australia,in 2014 when a shooting drama in the
downtown area prompted people to make numerous calls to Uber in an effort to escape
the area.The result was that Uber's ride rates surged based on its supply and demand
algorithm-there was no consideration involved for the circumstances in which the riders
found themselves.

So is artificial intelligence really a threat?

If you think that artificial intelligence is just a futuristic,Jetsons-style image that is
unlikely to ever affect humans on a mass scale then look no further than the employees
of Fukoko Mutual Life Insurance in Japan.In January 2017,34 of its employees were
dismissed from their jobs because the insurer had installed a new artificial intelligence
system that could read medical certificates,gather data on hospital stays and
surgeries,and,in the process,save the company an estimated 140 million Yen per year in
salary costs.

Indeed a Wirkd Economic Forum study in 2016 predicted that around 5.1 million jobs
will be lost to artificial intelligence over the next five years alone,across 15 countries.
Yet,to counter-balance this argument,looking at the same industry-insurance-there are
advantages to be gained too.In February 2017,Tractable launched a system it claims
could "radically transform" motor claims by simplifying the tedious manual process
and helping to fight insurance fraud by flagging suspicious claims-potentially removing
stress and fight insurance fraud by flagging suspicious claims-potentially removing
stress and expense from the process,leading to cost savingsf for companies and
policyholders alike.

Clearly,artificial intelligence has massive potential advantages.The key for

humans,however,will be to use their own judgement to apply it productively and ensure
the "rise of the robots"doesn't get out of hand.

2014
UberUber
-

Jetsons
Fukoko Mutual Life Insurance
2017 1 34

140

2016 Wirkd 510

15 countries.Yet
too.In 2017 2

Text 4:
Artificial intelligence is the intelligence of machines and the branch of computer
science that aims to create it.It is the science and engineering of making intelligent
machines,especially intelligent computer program.It is related to the task of using
computers to understand human intelligence,but AI does not confine itself to methods
that are biologically observable.

Artificial intelligence has been the subject of optimism,but has philosophy since
antiquity.Artificial intelligence has been the subject of optimism,but has also suffered
setbacks and, today,has become an essential part of the technology industry, providing
the heavy lifting for many of the most difficult problems in computer science.