Huong Dan Do An Chi Tiet May Update

TRNG I HC XY DNG
Bi L Gn, Nguyn Quc Dng
HNG DN THC HIN

N CHI TIT MY
BM C s k thut c kh 0
H Ni, 2013
MC LC
LI NI U 2
Mu n mn hc Chi tit my 3
Phn 1. Quy nh thc hin n 9
Phn 2. Hng dn tnh ton 11
2.1. Chn ng c v phn phi t s truyn 11
2.1.1. Xc nh cng sut yu cu v chn ng c in 11
2.1.2. Phn phi t s truyn v lp bng thng s 12
2.2. Tnh ton - thit k cc b truyn 13
2.2.1. Tnh ton thit k cc b truyn ngoi HGT 13
2.2.2. Tnh ton thit k b truyn trong HGT 23
2.3. Thit k trc, tnh chn then , trc v khp ni 45
2.3.1. Thit k trc 45
2.3.2. Tnh chn then 49
2.3.3. Tnh chn ln 49
2.3.4. Tnh chn khp ni
2.4. Thit k v HGT, cc chi tit ph, bi trn v cc b truyn 52
2.4.1. Thit k v hp v cc chi tit ph 52
2.4.2. Bi trn v cc b truyn 52
PH LC 53
1. Vt liu dng cho cc chi tit trong HGT 53
2. Dng biu mmen trn trc HGT theo GOST 60
3. Cc quy c h thng v k thut theo TCVN 71
4. Ghi k hiu dung sai lp ghp, nhm b mt trn bn v, lp v gii chui kch 76
thc
5. Mu bn v lp HGT v bn v ch to chi tit 80
6. Thit k cm truyn ng bng phn mm Inventor 92
7. Mu khung tn bn v v ba thuyt minh 110
8. Mt s cu hi gi khi lm n chi tit my 113
TI LIU THAM KHO 114
LI NI U
Mn hc Chi tit my l mt trong nhng mn hc c s cui cng ca chng trnh

i hc v c kh ni chung v c kh chuyn ngnh ni ring - cu ni gia khi kin thc
c s v chuyn mn. n Chi tit my c giao song song vi hc phn l thuyt, nhm
tng nng lc thc hnh cho sinh vin, c lp gii quyt vic thit k chi tit v b phn
my (lm c s cho vic thit k my sau ny).
n Chi tit my l n u tin ca sinh vin ngnh My xy dng v C gii
ha xy dng thuc khoa C kh xy dng, trng H Xy dng. Hin nay n c quy
nh theo chng trnh khung mi (c nhiu ni dung thay i ph hp vi tiu chun quc
t) nn sinh vin gp khng t kh khn khi thc hin. gip cho sinh vin hon thnh tt
n mn hc ny, chng ti bin son ti liu Hng dn thc hin n Chi tit my.
Ti liu gm hai phn:
- Phn 1. Quy nh thc hin n
- Phn 2. Hng dn tnh ton
Ngoi ra, cn c phn Ph lc gm cc thng tin v Vt liu c kh, mt s quy nh
v v k thut c kh, Dung sai, dng biu mmen v cc bn v mu.
Do bin son ln u nn khng trnh khi nhng thiu st, chng ti mong nhn
c s gp xy dng t cc bn c.
Mi kin gp xin c gi v: B mn C s k thut c kh, trng i hc Xy
dng, N055 ng Gii Phng, H Ni.
B mn C s k thut c kh
MU N CHI TIT MY
PHN 1. QUY NH THC HIN N
Sinh vin lm n Chi tit my phi thc hin y nhng ni dung yu

cu v theo ng tin quy nh ca B mn.
- Ni dung ca n gm 01 thuyt minh v 02 bn v (bn v lp trnh by trn kh
giy A0 v bn v ch to chi tit trnh by trn kh giy A3).
- Sinh vin thng qua tng phn theo lch ca B mn v Thy hng dn.
- n phi m bo cht lng yu cu v ng tin quy nh mi c bo v.
THUYT MINH
Thuyt minh c trnh by v ng quyn theo kh giy A4 (c ng
khung v nh s trang). Thuyt minh vit bng tay cng mt loi mc (k c cc
hnh v) hoc bng my.
Thuyt minh gm cc phn theo th t sau:
- Ba thuyt minh theo mu (Ph lc 7)
- Mc lc
- u n (do B mn pht ra)
- M u
- Ni dung thuyt minh:
1. Chn ng c in v phn phi t s truyn.
1.1. Xc nh cng sut yu cu v chn ng c in.
1.2. Phn phi t s truyn v lp bng thng s.
2. Tnh ton - thit k cc b truyn.
2.1 Tnh ton - thit k cc b truyn ngoi HGT (nu c).
2.2. Tnh ton - thit k cc b truyn trong HGT.
3. Thit k trc, tnh chn then, trc v khp ni
3.1. Thit k trc
3.2. Tnh chn then
3.3. Tnh chn ln
3.4. Tnh chn khp ni
4. Thit k v hp gim tc, cc chi tit ph, bi trn v cc b truyn
4.1. Thit k v hp v cc chi tit ph
4.2. Bi trn v cc b truyn
5. Bn k cc chi tit trong HGT.
- Kt lun.
- Ti liu tham kho.
BN V
- Bn v lp, bn v ch to chi tit c th hin theo quy nh ca TCVN v v k
thut c kh (Ph lc 5). Ch lp ghp (dung sai) theo Phn 4 trang 116 [2].
+ Trn bn v lp (A0) sinh vin phi th hin kt cu hp gim tc bng 3 hnh
chiu v cc mt ct, hnh ct b tr, ...vi t l hp l (theo tiu chun), ghi y
cc kch thc cn thit (kch thc lp ghp: Trc vi ln f...k6 , vi v hp
H7
f...G7 hoc f...H7 , bnh rng vi trc f... ,... ; cc kch khun kh; kch thc
k6
BM C s k thut c kh
10
tng quan khc nh khong cch trc; ...); nh s chi tit v ghi c tnh hp gim
tc.
+ Trn bn v ch to chi tit (A3) sinh vin phi th hin chi tit trc hoc bnh rng
(do thy hng dn ch nh t bn v lp), vi:
* Dung sai kch thc ng knh ca trc hoc l bnh rng ghi theo ch lp
ghp c trn bn v lp, dung sai kch thc chiu di trc (bnh rng) c ghi theo
kt qu ca bi ton gii chui kch thc lp ghp (ring i vi trc c th chuyn
i t kt qu gii chui sang ghi kch thc theo th t gia cng chi tit trn my).
* Dung sai cc kch thc cn li, dung sai hnh dng, v tr, nhm b mt... chn
theo kinh nghim hoc S tay.
* Yu cu k thut (Ph lc 5)
- Mu khung tn bn v ch to chi tit (hnh 1 hoc hnh 2) v bn v lp (hnh 3)
-Ph lc 7.
BM C s k thut c kh
11
PHN 2. HNG DN TNH TON
Thng s u vo:
1-4: 7;8;9;10:
Lc ko bng ti: F = . N Cng sut trn tang: P=..KW
Vn tc bng ti: V = m/s S vng quay ca tang: n = .v/ph
ng knh tang: D = . mm Thi gian s dng:
Thi gian s dng: - S nm = .
- S nm = . - S ca lm vic: Ca/ngy =.
- S ca lm vic: Ca/ngy =. - H s s dng: Ksd =
- H s s dng: Ksd = S ti trng ( th)
S ti trng ( th)
5;6: 11;12:
Cng sut trc ra: P=..KW Cng sut trc bnh xe di chuyn hoc trc
S vng quay trc ra: n = .v/ph ca bnh rng hnh tinh Zn:
Thi gian s dng: P = ..KW
- S nm = . S vng quay ca bnh xe di chuyn n hoc
- S ca lm vic: Ca/ngy =. cn mang bnh rng hnh tinh Zn: nc=v/ph
- H s s dng: Ksd = Thi gian s dng:
S ti trng ( th) - S nm = .
- S ca lm vic: Ca/ngy =.
- H s s dng: Ksd =
S ti trng ( th)
Ch tiu tnh ton thit k HGT:

- Kt cu HGT nh- gn
- Bi trn ngm du cc b truyn trong HGT
Mt s k hiu s dng trong ti liu:
2.3
B
19
[ 1] - Bng 2.3 trang 19 ti liu 1
2.3
PL 1- Ph lc 2.3 trang 250 ti liu 1
250
4.1
T 1- th 4.1 trang 59 ti liu 1
59
18.11
H 2 - Hnh 18.11, trang 96 ti liu 2

96
[1]. Trnh Cht, L Vn Uyn, Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh tp 1, NXB GD
[2]. Trnh Cht, L Vn Uyn, Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh tp 2, NXB GD
2.1. Chn ng c v phn phi t s truyn
2.1.1. Xc nh cng sut yu cu v chn ng c in
Plv .....
- Cng sut yu cu trn trc ng c : Pyc = = = .....(KW)
h .....
trong :
FV
Plv = P hoc: Plv = = ....(KW)
1000
BM C s k thut c kh
12
2.3
q
h = hk .hpbr(tv).hol .h(x) - Hiu sut h dn ng, tra bng B [ 1] nhn c:
19
* Hiu sut b truyn Bnh rng (trc vt): br(tv) =... ; p- S cp bnh rng ging
nhau c trong c h
* Hiu sut ca 1 cp ln: hol = ... ; q- S cp ln c trong c h
* Hiu sut b truyn ai (b truyn Xch): h(x) = ...
* Hiu sut ca Khp ni: hk = ....
q
=> h = hk .hbr(tv).hol .h(x) = ... = ...
p
Ch : C th tnh Pyc theo mmen ng tr hoc cng sut ng tr khi s ti

trng c dng thay i nhiu mc.
- Chn ng c c Pc Pyc = ...KW vi nc 1450 v/ph. Tra bng ph lc trong ti liu

Kyhie u ong c:...

Pc = ...KW
[1], nhn c ng c vi cc thng s sau:
nc = ...v / ph

dc = ...mm

2.1.2. Phn phi t s truyn v lp bng thng s

- T s truyn chung ca h: u = uN.uH
trong :
u - T s truyn chung: u = nc/n, vi n cho hoc xc nh theo:
60.1000V .....
n = n lv = = = ...(v / ph) i vi trm dn ng bng ti.
pD .....
Z
n = n Zn = (1 + 0 )n c = . (v/ph) i vi trm dn ng c cu quay
Zn
uN - T s truyn ca cc b truyn ngoi HGT (b truyn ai, b truyn Xch hoc
b truyn Bnh rng);
uH- T s truyn ca cc b truyn trong HGT: uH = un.uc ( 1,,10); uH = utv ( 11;
12) vi: un, uc- T s truyn cp bnh rng cp nhanh v cp chm; u tv - T s truyn
b truyn trc vt
- T s truyn ca cc cp bnh rng trong HGT:
+ Hp gim tc khai trin 2 cp bnh rng : u n = (1,2 1,3)u c
+ Hp gim tc ng trc 2 cp bnh rng : u n = u c = u H
+ Hp gim tc 2 cp bnh rng cn - tr : u brc = (0, 22 0, 28)u H . Chn h s nh khi uH
ln (uH > 10) v h s ln khi u H nh (uH < 10), i vi b truyn bnh rng cn rng thng
6.22
nn chn: ubrc 3 (hoc tham kho bng B 1 ).
114
+ Hp gim tc 1 cp trc vt: utv =30 80
2.4
Ch : ubr(tv) , u(x) ph hp vi cc gi tr cho trong bng B 1
21
- Lp bng thng s:
BM C s k thut c kh
13
+ Tnh s vng quay trn cc trc. S vng quay trn mi trc (k hiu trc trong HGT l I,
II, III) c tnh t s vng quay trn trc ng c (n c) hoc s vng quay cho (n) v t
s truyn c phn phi.
Pj+1
+ Tnh cng sut trn trc j t cng sut lm vic (P): Pj = (KW)
h j+1 j
6 Pj ....
+ Tnh mmen xon trn cc trc: Tj = 9,55.10 . = 9,55.106. = ....(Nmm)
nj ....
+ Ghi gi tr t s truyn, s vng quay, cng sut v mmen xon vo bng thng s:
Bng thng s
Trc
ng c I II III IV
Thng s
u = u hoc = 1 = ubr(tv) = ubr = ux hoc = 1
n(v/ph) nc nI nII nIII (n) n
P(KW) Pc PI PII PIII (P) P
Pyc
T(Nmm) Tyc TI TII TIII (T) T
2.2. Tnh ton thit k cc b truyn

2.2.1. Tnh ton thit k cc b truyn ngoi HGT
2.2.1.1. Tnh ton thit k b truyn ai thang
Thng s yu cu:
P1=Pyc=...KW

T1=Tyc=...Nmm

n1=nc=...v/ph

u=u=....
1) Chn loi ai v tit din ai
b b
- Chn loi ai: Loi thng ( t 1,4) ; loi hp ( t =0,151,1). ; loi rng (
h h
bt
= 2 4,5)
h
4.1 P1 = ....KW
- Tra th T [ 1] vi cc thng s
n1 = ....v / ph
chn loi ai v chn din tch tit
59
4.23
din ai A1 theo bng B [ 1] .
59
2) Chn ng knh bnh ai (d1 v d2)
4.21
Chn d1 theo bng B 1v kim tra vn tc ai:

63
d1n1 ...
V= = =...(m/s)<Vmax = 25m/s - i vi ai thang loi thng (nu khng
60000 ...
tha mn th gim d1 v tnh li).
BM C s k thut c kh
14
Xc nh d2: d2 = ud1(1- )= = (mm), vi h s trt = 0,02 0,04 (thng
chn =0,03)
4.26
Theo bng B [ 1] chn d2 gn vi gi tr va tnh: d2 = ...mm.
67
d2 ....
T s truyn thc t: u t = = = ....
d1 (1 - e) ....
u -u ....
Sai lch t s truyn: Du = t 100% = 100% = ....% < 4% (nu khng tho
u ....
mn, chn li d1 v tnh li).
3) Xc nh khong cch trc (a)

4.14 a
Da vo ut =, tra bng B [ 1] , chn: d = ...., => a sb = d 2 ... = ....(mm)
60 2
Chiu di ai L (asb- Khong cch trc s b, mm) :
d1 + d 2 (d 2 - d1 ) 2
L = 2a sb + p + = . = .(mm)
2 4a sb
4.13
Tra bng B [ 1] chn L gn vi gi tr tnh hoc gi tr hay s dng: L = mm.
59
S vng chy ca ai quanh cc bnh ai trong 1 giy:
V ....
i= = =....(1/s)<i max =10s -1 (nu khng tho mn, gim L hoc chn li d1, d2
L ....
v tnh li).
2 2
Tnh chnh xc khong cch trc: a = l + l - 8 D , vi:
4
d + d2 .... d - d ....
l=L-p 1 = ... - = ....(mm); D = 2 1 = = ....(mm)
2 .... 2 ....
l + l 2 - 8D ....
=> a = = = ....(mm)
4 ....
4) Xc nh gc m ca ai trn bnh ai nh (1)
(d 2 - d1 )57o ....
a1 = 180o - = 180o - ....o 120o (nu khng tho mn, tng L hoc
a ....
thay i d1, d2 v tnh li).
5) Tnh s ai (Z)
P1K
Z=

P0
Ca Cl CuCz

trong :
P1- Cng sut trn trc mang bnh ai dn: P1 = .KW.
BM C s k thut c kh
15
4.19 4.20
[P0]- Cng sut cho php, tra bng B [ 1] hoc B [ 1] theo loi ai, ng
62 62

= ....KW
P0
knh bnh ai dn d1 v vn tc ai V (nhn c: )
L0 = ....mm
4.7
K - H s ti trng ng. Tra bng B [ 1] , nhn c K = .
55
[ P0 ] - Cng sut cho php. Tra bng B 4.19 [ 1] hay B 4.20 [ 1] theo tit din ai
62 62
C- H s k n nh hng gc m ca ai trn bnh ai nh (i vi ai vi cao
su):
Ca = 1 - 0,0025(180o - a1 ) = .... = .... , khi 1 =1501800
4.16
Cl - H s k n nh hng ca chiu di ai. Tra bng B [ 1] vi
61
L ....
= = .... nhn c Cl .
L0 ....
4.17
Cu - H s k n nh hng ca t s truyn. Tra bng B [ 1] vi ut = . nhn
61
c Cu = .
Cz - H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng gia cc dy ai. Tra bng
4.18 P1 ....
B 1 theo Z= = =....
61 [ P0 ] .... nhn c Cz = .
P1K
Ta c: Z= = ... = ... (lm trn ln i vi Z, ch : Z6).
P C C C
0 a l u z C
Chiu rng bnh ai: B = (Z 1)t + 2e
h 0 = ....mm

t = ...mm
4.21
Tra bng B 1nhn c e = ...mm

63

H = ...mm

j = ...o
B = (Z 1)t + 2e = = (mm)
Gc chm ca mi rnh ai (gc tit din ai): j = ...o
da1 = d1 + 2h 0 = ... = ...(mm)

ng knh vng ngoi ca bnh ai:
da2 = d 2 + 2h 0 = ... = ...(mm)

df1 = da1 - H = ... = ...(mm)

ng knh vng y rnh ai:
df 2 = da2 - H = ... = ...(mm)

6) Xc nh lc cng ban u v lc tc dng ln trc
780P1K
- Lc cng ban u: F0= +Fv
ZVCa
BM C s k thut c kh
16
+ Z- S dy ai
+ B truyn t ng iu chnh lc cng: Fv = 0(N)
+ B truyn nh k iu chnh lc cng: Fv = qmV2, vi: qm - Khi lng ca 1 mt ai. Tra
4.22
bng B 1vi tit din ai A1: qm = kg/m (nu V< 20 m/s, b qua Fv)

64
a
- Lc tc dng ln trc: Fr = 2ZF0 sin 1 = ... = ...(N) vi 1 l gc m ca ai trn bnh
2
dn.
7) Bng thng s ca b truyn ai thang

P1 =...KW; n1 =...v/ph; u=u t =...
Thng s K hiu Gi tr
Tit din ai
ng knh bnh ai nh (mm) d1
ng knh bnh ai ln (mm) d2
ng knh vng ngoi bnh ai nh (mm) da1
ng knh vng ngoi bnh ai ln (mm) da2
ng knh vng y rnh bnh ai nh (mm) df1
ng knh vng y rnh bnh ai ln (mm) df2
Gc chm rnh ai (gc tit din ai) o
S ai Z
Chiu rng bnh ai (mm) B
Chiu di ai (mm) L
Khong cch trc (mm) a
Gc m ca ai trn bnh ai nh 1 o
Lc cng ban u (N) F0
Lc tc dng ln trc (N) Fr
2.2.1.2. Tnh ton thit k b truyn ai dt

Thng s u vo:
P1=Pyc=...KW

T1=Tyc=...Nmm

n1=nc=...v/ph
u=u =....

=....o
1) Chn loi ai (ai vi- cao su)
2) Xc nh ng knh bnh ai
4.21
d1 = (5,2 6,4) 3 T1 = (5,2 6,4) 3 ... = ... ...(mm) . Tra bng B 1chn d1 v

63
d1n1 ...
kim tra vn tc ai: V= = =...(m/s)<Vmax =25 m/s (nu khng tho mn, gim
60000 ...
d1 v tnh li).
BM C s k thut c kh
17
Xc nh d2: d2 = ud1(1- e )= ud1(1-0,015)==(mm), vi h s trt: = 0,010,02
4.6
(thng chn =0,015 ). Tra bng B 1chn d2 gn vi gi tr tnh.

67
d2 ...
T s truyn c thc t: u t = = = ...
d1(1 - e) ...
ut - u ...
Sai lch t s truyn: Du = 100% = 100% = ...% <4% (nu khng tho
u ...
mn, chn li d1 v tnh li).
3) Xc nh chiu di ai v khong cch trc

- Khong cch trc: a=(1,52,0)(d1 +d 2 )=...=......(mm) . Chn a=, mm
d1 + d 2 (d 2 - d1) 2
- Chiu di ai: L = 2a + p + ==(mm). Lm trn L v cng thm
2 4a
100 400 mm tu theo cch ni ai.
V
- S vng chy ca ai quanh cc bnh trong 1 giy : i= =...(s -1 ) <i max =35 s -1 (nu
L
khng tha mn, tng L hoc chn li d1, d2 v tnh li).
4) Xc nh gc m ca ai trn bnh ai nh (1)
(d 2 - d1 )570 ...
a1 = 180o - = 1800 - = ...0 1500 (nu khng tho mn, tng a v
a ...
tnh li).
5) Xc nh din tch tit din ai v chiu rng bnh ai
FtK 1000P1 ...
- Din tch ai: A=bd= , vi: Ft = = =...(N)
st V ...

trong :
Ft - Lc vng
4.7
K - H s ti trng ng. Tra bng B 1nhn c K =
55
4.8
- Chiu dy ai, xc nh theo . Tra bng B 1vi loi ai nhn c
d1 52
d d 4.1
= ... . => d d1 ( )max = ... = ...(mm) . Tra bng B 1

, dng loi ai
d
1 max
d1 51
khng c lp lt hoc c lp lt (s lp lt), chiu dy ai =...mm; d min =...mm
Kim tra d1 dmin (nu khng tho mn, tng d1 v tnh li t u).
ng sut c ch cho php:

st
=
st
C C C
0 a v 0 , vi:
k d
s = k1 - 2 vi k1 v k2 l h s ph thuc vo ng sut cng ban u 0 v
t
0 d 1
loi ai. Do gc nghing ca b truyn 90 0 600 v nh k iu chnh lc cng,
BM C s k thut c kh
18
4.9
nn: 0 = 1,6MPa. Tra bng B 1vi 0 = MPa, nhn c: k1 = ; k2 =

56
k 2d
sF
=>

0
= k1 - = ... = ...(MPa)
d1
C - H s k n nh hng ca gc m 1 : C =1- 0,003(1800 - 1 )=...=...
Cv - H s k n nh hng ca lc ly tm: Cv = 1 - k v (0,01V 2 - 1) , vi ai vi
cao su c kv =0,04 => Cv =1- kv(0,01V2 - 1)=
C0 - H s k n nh hng ca v tr b truyn v phng php cng ai. Tra
4.12
B 1vi gc nghing ca b truyn =0, nhn c C0 =
57
st
Ta c:
=
st
C C C = ... = ...(MPa)
0 a v 0
F1K t ...
Chiu rng ai: b = = = ....(mm) . Tra bng B 4.1
1, nhn c b = ,
st

d ... 51
mm (chn gi tr b ln hn v gn vi gi tr tnh ton).
21.16
- Chiu rng bnh ai B. Tra bng B 2 theo chiu rng ai b = mm, nhn c:

164
B = mm.
6) Xc nh lc cng ban u v lc tc dng ln trc
- Lc cng ban u: F0 = dbs0 = ...(N)
a
- Lc tc dng ln trc: Fr = 2F0 sin 1 = ... = ...(N)
2
7) Bng thng s ca b truyn ai dt
P1=...KW; T1== ....
...Nmm; n1=...v/ph; u=u =....; o
Thng s K hiu Gi tr
Loi ai
ng knh bnh ai nh (mm) d1
ng knh bnh ai ln (mm) d2
Chiu rng ai (mm) b
Chiu dy ai (mm) d
Chiu rng bnh ai (mm) B
Chiu di ai (mm) L
Gc m ca ai trn bnh ai nh 1 0
Lc cng ban u (N) F0
BM C s k thut c kh
19
2.2.1.3. Tnh ton thit k b truyn xch
Thng s u vo:
P1 = ... KW

T1 = ... Nmm

n1 = ...v/ph
u = u x = ...

b = ...0
1) Chn loi xch (xch con ln)
2) Chn s rng a xch
Z1 = 29 - 2u = ... = ... 19 (nu khng tha mn, ly Z1 = 19).
Z2 = uZ1 = ... = ... Zmax = 140 (nu khng tho mn, gim Z1 v tnh li).
3) Xc nh bc xch (p)
- Cng sut tnh ton Pt: Pt = P1kkzkn , KW
trong :
Cng sut truyn: P1 =KW
k=k0kakckbtkkc, vi:
5.6
k0 - H s k n nh hng ca v tr b truyn. Tra bng B 1vi b = ...0 ,

82
nhn c k0 =
ka - H s k n nh hng ca khong cch trc v chiu di xch. Chn
5.6
a = (30 50)p . Tra bng B 1nhn c ka

82
5.6
kc - H s k n nh hng ca vic iu chnh lc cng xch. Tra bng B 1

82
nhn c kc
5.6
kbt - H s k n nh hng ca vic bi trn. Tra bng B 1nhn c kbt

82
5.6
k - H s ti trng ng. Tra bng B 1nhn c k

82
5.6
kc - H s k n ch lm vic ca b truyn. Tra bng B [ 1] vi s ca lm
82
vic l ., nhn c kc = => k=k0kakdckbtkkc==
B truyn th nghim, c s rng v vn tc vng a dn: Z01 = 25 v n01. Chn n01
gn n1 nht, vi n 01 = 50;200;400;600;800;1000;1200;1600(v / ph) ,
Tnh c:
z 01 ...
kz - H s rng a dn: k z = = = ...
z1 ...
n 01 ...
kn - H s s vng quay a dn: k n = = = ...
n1 ...
Ta c: Pt=P1kkzkn==(KW).
5.5
Pt = ...
P
- Tra bng B
1
vi iu kin (u tin chn xch 1 dy), c:
81 n 01 = ...v / ph
BM C s k thut c kh
20
Bc xch: p = mm

ng knh chot : dc = mm

Chie
u da ng: B = mm
i o
Co
ng suat cho phe P = KW
p :

4) Xc nh khong cch trc v s mt xch

Chn s b khong cch trc a: a=(3050)p
2a Z1 + Z2 (Z2 - Z1 )2 p
- S mt xch: X = + + = ... = ... (chn s mt xch chn)
p 2 4 p2 a
- Tnh li khong cch trc:
2 2
p Z1 + Z2 Z1 + Z 2 Z2 - Z1
a = X- + X - - 2
4 2 2 p

xch c chng bnh thng cn gim a mt lng a: Da = 0,003a , ta c:
a = a - Da = ... = ...mm
5.9
S ln va p ca bn l xch vo rng a (i). Tra bng B 1vi xch con ln c

85
bc xch p=mm nhn c s ln va p cho php ca xch: [i]=
Z1n1 ...
i= = = ... < = ... . (nu khng tho mn, tng X v tnh li).
i

15X ...
5) Kim nghim xch v bn (kim nghim theo h s an ton)

Q
S=
S
K Ft + F0 + Fv
trong :
5.2
Q- Ti trng ph hng. Tra bng B 1vi p=mm nhn c:

78
* Q=N;
* Khi lng 1 mt xch: qm=kg.
K- H s ti trng ng:
* Ch lm vic trung bnh: K = 1,2
* Ch lm vic nng: K =1,7
* Ch lm vic rt nng: K =2,0
1000P1 ...
Ft- Lc vng: Ft = = =...(N)
V ...
F0 -Lc cng do trng lng nhnh xch b dn sinh ra: F 0 =9,81Kf qma, vi Kf l h
s k n nh hng ca vng ca xch (ph thuc vo gc nghing ca b truyn
so vi phng ngang ):
BM C s k thut c kh
21
b = 00 : K f = 6

b 400 : K f = 4

b > 400 : K f = 2

b = 900 : K f = 1
Fv - Lc cng ph do lc ly tm sinh ra: Fv=qmV2 (N)
5.10
[S] - H s an ton cho php. Tra bng B 1vi p=mm; n1=v/ph nhn

86
c [S] =(nu khng tho mn, tng bc xch v tnh li hoc chn xch 2 dy).
6) Xc nh thng s hnh hc ca a xch
- ng knh vng chia:
p ... p ...
d1 = = = ...(mm);d 2 = = = ...(mm)
p ... p ...
sin sin
Z1 Z2
- ng knh vng nh rng:

p
p
d a1 = p
0,5 + cot g = ... = ...(mm);d a2 = p
0,5 + cot g = ... = ...(mm)
Z
1 Z
2
5.2
- Bn knh y rng: r=0,5025d l +0,05 (vi dl ng knh con ln). Tra bng B 1

78
nhn c dl =mm => r = 0,5025dl+0,05==(mm)
d f1 = d1 - 2r = ... = ...(mm)
- ng knh vng chn rng:
d f 2 = d 2 - 2r = ... = ...(mm)
- Kim nghim bn tip xc ca rng a xch:
E
sH = 0,47 kr (FtK + Fv) [H]
A.kd
trong :
kr - H s k n nh hng ca s rng a xch, tra bng trang 87 theo s rng Z 1
K v Ft ging nh trn
Fv - Lc va p trn m dy xch: Fv =1,3.10-6n1p3m==(N)
E- Mun n hi tng ng ca vt liu cc a xch. Khi vt liu hai a xch
2E1E 2
bng thp: E = = 2,1.105 (MPa)
E1 + E 2
5.12
A- Din tch chiu ca bn l xch. Tra bng B 1

vi p=mm: A= mm2
87
kd- H s phn b ti khng u gia cc dy xch (xch 1 dy: kd=1).
5.11
Tra bng B 1chn vt liu a xch:, vi cc c tnh: ., nhn c

86
[H]= MPa
7) Xc nh lc tc dng ln trc
Fr=kx.Ft
trong :
BM C s k thut c kh
22
kx - H s k n trng lng ca xch (kx=1,15 khi b 400 ; kx=1,05 khi b > 400 )
2T1
Ft- Lc vng: Ft = = ... (N)
d1
BM C s k thut c kh
23
8) Bng thng s ca b truyn xch
P1 = ...KW;T1 = ...Nmm;n1 = ...v / ph;u = ...; b = ...0
Thng s K hiu Gi tr
Loi xch (xch con ln)
Bc xch (mm) p
S mt xch X
Chiu di xch (mm) L
S rng a xch nh Z1
S rng a xch ln Z2
Vt liu a xch
ng knh vng chia a xch nh (mm) d1
ng knh vng chia a xch ln (mm) d2
ng knh vng nh a xch nh (mm) da1
ng knh vng nh a xch ln (mm) da2
Bn knh y rng (mm) r
ng knh vng chn rng a xch nh (mm) df1
ng knh vng chn rng a xch ln (mm) df2
2.2.1.4. Tnh ton thit k b truyn Bnh rng tr rng thng

Thng s u vo:
P1 = (cong sua
t tre
n truc mang banh ra
ng da n, KW)

T1 = (mo men xoa n tren truc mang ba nh ra ng da
n, Nmm)

n1 = (sovo
ng quay tre n truc mang ba nh ra ng dan, v/ph)
u = u = ...
br
L h = (sonam)x365x(soca/nga y)x8xK sd = ...(gi
)

1) Chn vt liu bnh rng (xem mc 2.2.1.1)
2) Xc nh ng sut cho php (xem mc 2.2.1.1)
3) Xc nh mun (m)
Do kh che kn, cc bnh rng ngoi HGT thng b mn nhiu lm gim tit din
chu lc dn n gy rng nn b truyn c tnh ton theo bn un. thit k b
truyn bnh rng tr rng thng theo bn un, xut pht t cc cng thc kim nghim:
2T1Ye YF1K FbK Fv
sF1 = sF1

b w d w1m
s Y
sF2 = F1 F2 sF2

YF1
thay bw = bddw1; dw1= mZ1, nhn c cng thc thit k sau:
T1YF1K Fb
m K m 3 2 (mm) , vi: K m = 3 2Ye K Fv
s
Z1 y bd
F1
trong :
+ Ly = 1,6; KFv= 1,5 => Km = 1,23
BM C s k thut c kh
24
+ T1 - Mmen xon trn trc mang bnh rng dn (Nmm)
+ Chn trc Z1 (17) => Z2 = uZ1
+ YF1, KF (xem mc 2.2.2.1)
+ bd = bw/dw1 = 0,61,4 khi HB 350, bd = 0,40,9 khi HB>350, bnh rng lp
cngxn bd = 0,20,25.
So snh t s YF1/[F1] vi YF2/[F2] v tin hnh tnh ton vi gi tr ln hn- ly tr s
mun m theo tiu chun
4) Kim nghim b truyn bnh rng (xem mc 2.2.2.1)
a) Kim nghim v bn tip xc
b) Kim nghim v bn un (theo cng thc kim nghim)
c) Kim nghim v qu ti
5) Xc nh thng s hnh hc ch yu ca b truyn (xem mc 2.2.2.1)
6) Bng thng s ca b truyn bnh rng (xem mc 2.2.2.1)
2.2.2. Tnh ton thit k b truyn trong HGT

2.2.2.1. Tnh ton thit k b truyn Bnh rng tr
i vi HGT ng trc 2 cp bnh rng, do a wn = awc nn ch cn tnh ton i vi
b truyn bnh rng cp chm v ly cc thng s b truyn bnh rng cp nhanh theo b
truyn bnh rng cp chm vi ban < bac.
1. Tnh ton thit k b truyn Bnh rng tr rng thng
Thng s u vo:
P1 = (cong sua
t tre
n truc mang banh ra
ng da n, KW)

n, Nmm)

n1 = (sovo
u = u = ...
br
)

1) Chn vt liu bnh rng
6.1
Tra bng B 1(hoc bng 1.7 trong PL1), chn:

92
Vt liu bnh rng ln (bnh rng b dn):
K hiu thp:
Ch nhit luyn:
rn: HB = , chn HB2 =
Gii hn bn: b2 =...MPa
Gii hn chy: ch2 =...MPa
Vt liu bnh rng nh (bnh rng dn):
K hiu thp:
Ch nhit luyn:
rn: HB = , chn HB1 =
Nu vt liu ca hai bnh rng thuc nhm I ( HB350): HB 1 = HB2 +10 15 v
chn vt liu bnh rng nh tt hn vt liu bnh rng ln.
BM C s k thut c kh
25
2) Xc nh ng sut cho php
a) ng sut tip xc v un cho php
s0Hlim s0Flim
sH

= S ZR Zv K xH K HL ;
sF
= S K FC YR YSK xF K FC K FL
H F
Chn s b: ZR Zv K xH = 1;YR YSK xF = 1
6.2
SH, SF - H s an ton khi tnh theo ng sut tip xc v un. Tra bng B 1

94
nhn c: SH1=, SF1=; SH2=., SF2=
s0Hlim , s0Flim - ng sut tip xc v un cho php ng vi s chu k c s:

s0Hlim1 = 2HB1 + 70 = ... = ...(MPa)
Bnh rng dn: 0
sFlim1 = 1,8HB1 = ... = ...(MPa)

s0Hlim 2 = 2HB2 + 70 = ... = ...(MPa)
Bnh rng b dn: 0
sFlim 2 = 1,8HB2 = ... = ...(MPa)
KFC- H s k n nh hng t ti: KFC= 1 khi t ti mt pha (b truyn quay mt
chiu), KFC= 0,70,8 khi t ti hai pha (b truyn quay hai chiu, dng tr s ln
khi HB > 350).
N H0 N F0
KHL, KFL - H s tui th:
K HL = m H N
; K FL = mF
HE N FE
trong :
mH ,mF - Bc ca ng cong mi khi th v ng sut tip xc v un (nu bnh rng
c HB350: mH = mF = 6).
NH0, NF0 - S chu k thay i ng sut khi th v ng sut tip xc v un:

NH01 = 30HB12,4 = ... = ...;NH02 = 30HB22,4 = ... = ...

NF01 = NF02 = 4.106(o i v
i ba
nh ra
ng ba ng the
p)
NHE, NFE - S chu k ng sut tng ng. B truyn chu ti trng tnh: N HE = NFE
= 60cn tS , vi:
c- S ln n khp ca rng trong mt vng quay (i vi mt cp rng: c=1)
n- S vng quay trong mt pht ca bnh rng
t - Tng s gi lm vic ca rng (gi): t = Lh
N = NFE1 = 60cn1L h = ... = ...(o
i v
i ra
ng ba nh dan)
HE1
n
NHE2 = NFE2 = 60cn2L h = 60c 1 L h = ... = ...(o
i v
i ra
ng ba
nh bda
n)
u
Nu:
NHE1 NH01 ly NHE1 = NH01=>KHL1=1
NHE2 NH02 ly NHE2 = NH02=>KHL2=1
NFE1 NF01 ly NFE1 = NF01 => KFL1=1
NFE2 NF02 ly NFE2 = NF02 => KFL2=1
BM C s k thut c kh
26
Hoc s dng cng thc tnh:
N N
K HL1 = mH H01 = ... = ...;K HL2 = mH H02 = ... = ...
N HE1 N HE2

m N FE01 = ... = ...;K m N FE02 = ... = ..
K FL1 = F FL2 = F
N FE1 N FE2
Ta c:
s0Hllim
s
H1
= ZR Zv K xH K HL1 = ... = ...(MPa)
S H1
0
sHlim

sH2
= S ZR Z v K xH K HL2 = ... = ....(MPa)
H2
0
s = sFlim Y Y K K K

F1
S R S xF FC FL1 = ... = ...(MPa)
F1

s0Flim
s
F2 = YR YSK xF K FC K FL2 = .... = ...(MPa)
S F2
B truyn bnh rng tr rng thng, chn: [s H ] = min([s H1 ],[s H 2 ]) = ...MPa
b) ng sut cho php khi qu ti

sH
max
= 2,8.max { sch1, sch2 } = ... = ...(MPa)

sF1
max
= 0,8sch1 = ... = ...(MPa)

sF2
max
= 0,8sch2 = .... = ....(MPa)
3) Xc nh s b khong cch trc
T1K Hb
a w = K a (u + 1) 3 2 , vi:
sH
u
y ba
6.5
Ka- H s ph thuc vt liu ca cp bnh rng. Tra bng B 1nhn c

96
K a = 49,5(MPa1/3 )
T1- Mment xon trn trc mang bnh rng dn: T1 = Nmm.

sH sH
- ng sut tip xc cho php:
= MPa
6.6
y ba , y bd - H s chiu rng. Tra bng B 1, khi bnh rng c v tr i xng
97
vi 2 , HB350, chn y ba = ... ; y bd = 0,5y ba (u + 1) = ... = ...
K Hb ,K Fb - H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng vnh rng
6.7
khi tnh v ng sut tip xc v un. Tra bng B [ 1] vi y bd = ... v s b tr
98
bnh rng trn trc (s 6) nhn c: K Hb = ...;K Fb = ...
BM C s k thut c kh
27
T1K Hb
Ta c: a w = K a (u + 1) 3 2
= ... = ...(mm)
sH
u
y ba
Chn a w =, mm (lm trn n s nguyn gn nht).
4) Xc nh cc thng s n khp
a) Mun (m)
6.8
m = (0,01 0,02)a w = ... ...(mm) . Tra bng B 1chn m 2mm

99
b) Xc nh s rng (Z1 , Z2)
2.a w ...
Z1 = = = ...; Z2 = u.Z1 = ... = ...
m(u + 1) ...
Z2 ...
T s truyn thc t: u t = = = ...
Z1 ...
ut - u
Sai lch t s truyn: Du = 100% = ... = ...% < 4% (nu khng tho mn,
u
chn li Z1, Z2 v tnh li).
c) Xc nh li khong cch trc chia
(Z1 + Z2 )m
a= = ... = ...(mm)
2
Chn li a w = ...,mm (lm trn n s nguyn gn nht, u tin cc s cui l s 0
hoc 5).
d) Xc nh h s dch chnh
Nu a w = a => x1 = x 2 = 0
Nu a w a , cn s dng cc bnh rng dch chnh tng khong cch trc khi
aw < a hoc gim khong cch trc khi a w > a
a w Z1 + Z2
H s dch tm bnh rng: y = - = ... = ...
m 2
k (Z +Z ) 6.10a
H s gim nh rng: y= x 1 2 =...=... . Tra bng B 1 vi

1000 101
1000y
ky = =...=... nhn c kx=
Z1 +Z2
Tng h s dch chnh: x t = y + Dy = ... = ...

1 (Z2 -Z1 )y
H s dch chnh ca bnh rng dn: x1 = x- =...=...
2 t Z2 +Z1
H s dch chnh ca bnh rng b dn: x2= xt x1 ==
e) Xc nh gc n khp (wt)
(Z + Z2 )m cos a
cos a tw = 1 = ... = ..., vi a = 200 => a tw = arccos(cos a tw ) = ... = ...0
2a w
5) Xc nh cc h s v mt s thng s ng hc
T s truyn thc t: ut=
BM C s k thut c kh
28
ng knh vng ln ca cp bnh rng:
2a w
d w1 = = ... = ...(mm);d w2 = 2a w - d w1 = ... = ...(mm)
ut + 1
d w1n1 6.13
Vn tc vng ca bnh rng: V= =...=...(m/s) . Tra bng B 1vi

60000 106
V=m/s, nhn c cp chnh xc ca b truyn (CCX):
2.3
Tra ph lc PL 1vi: CCX:, HB 350, V=m/s, rng thng v ni suy

250
tuyn tnh nhn c h s ti trng ng trong vng n khp khi tnh v ng sut
tip xc v un: K Hv = ...;K Fv = ...
6.7
H s tp trung ti trng KH v KF, tra bng B 1theo v tr ca bnh rng v

98
h s bd: KH =; KF =
K Ha ,K Fa - H s phn b khng u ti trng trn cc cp rng khi tnh v ng sut
tip xc v un (b truyn bnh rng tr rng thng: K Ha = K F =1 )
ZR- H s k n nh hng ca nhm mt rng: Z R=1 khi Ra= 1,250,63m; ZR=
0,95 khi Ra= 2,51,25m;
Zv- h s k n nh hng ca vn tc vng: khi V< 5 m/s, Zv = 1; khi V> 5 m/s,
ly Zv = 0,85V 0,1 = ... = ... i vi bnh rng c cng HB 350 v Z v=
0,925V0,05 khi HB > 350
KxH- H s k n nh hng ca kch thc bnh rng: Khi d a2 700mm ly KxH= 1,
khi 700 < da2 2500mm ly KxH = 0,9.
YR - H s k n nhm mt ln chn rng: Y R = 1; YR = 1,05 1,2 (nu nh
bng)
Ys - H s k n nh hng ca nhy vt liu i vi tp trung ng sut: Y s=
1,08 - 0,16lg(m) vi m- Mun bnh rng (mm)
KxF- H s k n nh hng ca kch thc bnh rng: K xF= 1 khi dw2 400mm ,
KxF = 0,95 khi dw2 = 700mm, KxF = 0,92 khi dw2 = 1000mm.
Xc nh: ZRZvKxH v YRYSKxF tnh li [H] v [F]
6) Kim nghim b truyn Bnh rng
2T1K H (u t + 1)
sH = ZM ZH Ze [ sH ]
u t b w d 2w1
trong :
[ sH ] - ng sut tip xc cho php (MPa)
ZM - H s k n nh hng ca c tnh vt liu cp bnh rng. Tra bng
6.5
B 1

=> ZM = 274MPa1/3
96
2
ZH - H s k n hnh dng ca b mt tip xc: ZH = = ... = ...
sin(2a tw )
BM C s k thut c kh
29
Z - H s k n nh hng ca tng chiu di tip xc: Z = 4 - , vi - H
3
1 1 4 -
s trng khp ngang: 1,88-3,2 + =...=...=>Z = =...=...
Z
1 Z 2 3
KH - H s ti trng khi tnh v tip xc: K H = K Ha K Hb K Hv = ... = ...
ut- T s truyn thc t
b w - Chiu rng rng khi n khp: b w =y ba a w =...=...(mm) , lm trn b w =...mm
2T1 K H (u t + 1)
Ta c: sH = ZM ZH Ze = ... = ...(MPa)
u t b w d 2w1
Kim tra:
sH

- sH 100% = ... < 10%
Trng hp 1: sH s
H v (nu khng tha mn,
sH

gim y ba hoc aw v tnh li).
sH

- sH 100% = ... < 4%
Trng hp 2: sH > s
H v gi nguyn kt qu tnh
sH

2
s
ton v tnh li b rng rng b w : b w = a w H y ba = ...mm (nu khng tha
[ s ]
H
mn, tng a w v tnh li).
b) Kim nghim v bn un
2T1K FYe YF1 s Y
sF1 = sF1

; sF2 = F1 F2
sF2

b w d w1m YF1
trong :
KF - H s ti trng khi tnh v un: K F =K F K F K Fv =...=...
1 1
Y - H s k n s di chuyn ca im t lc: Ye = = = ...
ea ...
6.18
YF1, YF2 - H s dng rng. Tra bng B 1vi: Z1 = , x1 = ; Z2 = ; x2 =

109
nhn c: YF1=;YF2=
m- Mun bnh rng (mm)

sF1
, sF2 - ng sut un cho php ca rng bnh dn v b dn, MPa
Ta c:
2T K Y Y
sF1 = 1 F e F1 = ... = ...(MPa) sF1
= ...MPa
b w d w1m

s Y
sF2 = F1 F2 = ... = ...(MPa) sF2
= ...MPa

Y F1
Nu khng tho mn, tng mun m v tnh li.
BM C s k thut c kh
30
sH max = sH K qt = ... = ...(MPa) sH
max
= ...MPa

sFmax1 = K qt sF1 = ... = ...(MPa) sF1

max
= ...MPa

s
Fmax 2
= K qt sF2 = ... = ...(MPa) sF2
max
= ...MPa
Tmax
trong Kqt - H s qu ti: K qt = = ...
T1
Nu khng tho mn, chn li vt liu bnh rng v tnh li.
7) Thng s hnh hc ch yu ca b truyn Bnh rng

d1 = mZ1 = ... = ...(mm)
ng knh vng chia:
d 2 = mZ2 = ... = ...(mm)
Khong cch trc chia: a=0,5(d1 + d2 )==(mm)
d a1 = d1 + 2(1 + x1 + Dy)m = ... = ...(mm)
ng knh vng nh rng:
d a2 = d 2 + 2(1 + x 2 + Dy)m = ... = ...(mm)
d f1 = d1 - (2,5 - 2x1)m = ... = ...(mm)
ng knh vng chn rng:
d f 2 = d 2 - (2,5 - 2x 2 )m = ... = ...(mm)
d b1 =d1cos=...=...(mm)
ng knh vng c s:
d b2 =d 2cos=...=...(mm)
Gc prfin rng: =200 , gc n khp w=
8) Bng thng s ca b truyn Bnh rng tr rng thng

P1 =KW; T1=Nmm; n1=v/ph; u = u1 =; Lh =gi
Thng s K hiu Gi tr
Khong cch trc chia (mm) a
Khong cch trc (mm) aw
S rng Z1
Z2
Mun (mm) m
d1
ng knh vng chia (mm)
d2
d w1
ng knh vng ln (mm)
d w2
da1
ng knh vng nh rng (mm)
da2
db1
ng knh vng trn c s (mm)
db2
x1
H s dch chnh
x2
Gc prfin rng 200
Gc n khp w 0
H s trng khp ngang
BM C s k thut c kh
31
BM C s k thut c kh
32
2. Tnh ton thit k b truyn Bnh rng tr rng nghing
Thng s u vo:
P1 = (cong sua
t tre
n truc mang banh ra
ng da n, KW)

n, Nmm)

n1 = (sovo
u = u = ...
br
)

6.1
Tra bng B [ 1] (hoc bng 1.7 trong PL1) chn:
92
K hiu thp:
Ch nhit luyn:
rn: HB=...... ; chn: HB2 =...
K hiu thp: .
Ch nhit luyn:
rn: HB=...... ; chn: HB1 =
Nu vt liu ca hai bnh rng thuc nhm I (HB350):HB 1 = HB2 + 10 15 v
s0HLim s0Flim
sH

= s
ZR Zv K xH K HL ; =
F S YR YSK xFK FC K FL

SH F
Chn s b: ZR Z v K xH = 1;YR YSK xF = 1
SH, SF - H s an ton khi tnh v ng sut tip xc v ng sut un. Tra bng
6.2
B 1nhn c: SH1=, SF1=; SH2 =,SF2=

94
0Hlim , 0Flim - ng sut tip xc v un gii hn ng vi s chu k c s:

s0Hlim1 = 2HB1 + 70 = ... = ...(MPa)
Bnh rng dn: 0
sFlim1 = 1,8HB1 = ... = ...(MPa)
s0Hlim 2 = 2HB2 + 70 = ... = ...(MPa)

Bnh rng b dn: 0
sFlim 2 = 1,8HB2 = ... = ...(MPa)

KFC- H s k n nh hng t ti: KFC= 1 khi t ti mt pha (b truyn quay mt
chiu), KFC= 0,70,8 khi t ti hai pha (b truyn quay hai chiu, dng tr s ln
khi HB > 350).
BM C s k thut c kh
33
N H0 N
KHL, KFL -H s tui th: K HL = mH ; K FL = mF F0
N HE N FE
trong :
mH, mF -Bc ca ng cong mi khi th v ng sut tip xc v un. Nu bnh
rng c HB350: mH = mF = 6.

N = 30HB12,4 = ... = ...;N = 30HB2,4 2 = ... = ....
H01 H02

NF01 = NF02 = 4.106 (o i v
i ba nh rang ba
ng the p)
NHE, NFE - S chu k thay i ng sut tng ng. B truyn chu ti trng tnh:
N HE =N FE=60cnt , vi:
c- S ln n khp ca rng trong mt vng quay (i vi mt cp rng:c =1)
n- S vng quay trong mt pht ca bnh rng
t - Tng s gi lm vic ca bnh rng (gi): t = Lh
N HE1 = NFE1 = 60cn1Lh = ... = ...

n
N HE2 = NFE2 = 60cn 2 L h = ... = ...60c 1 Lh = ... = ...
u
Nu:
NHE1NH01=> ly NHE1=NH01=>KHL1=1
NHE2NH02=> ly NHE2=NH02=>KHL2=1
NFE1NF01=>ly NFE1=NF01=>KFL1=1
N N
K HL1 = mH H01 = ... = ...;K HL2 = mH H02 = ... = ...
N HE1 N HE2

K = m N F01 = ... = ...;K = m
N F02
= ... = ...
FL1 F
N FE1
FL2 F
N FE2

Ta c:
s0Hlim1
s
H1 = ZR Zv K xH K HL1 = ... = ...(MPa)
S H1
s0Hlim 2
s
H2 S= ZR Zv K xH K HL2 = ... = ...(MPa)
H2
0
s = sFlim1 Y Y K K K

F1 S R S xF FC FL1 = ... = ...(MPa)
F1

s0Flim 2

sF2 = S YR YS K xF K FC K FL2 = ... = ...(MPa)
F2
[s ] + [sH2 ]
[s H ] = H1 = ...(MPa) 1, 25min{[sH1],[sH2 ]}
2
BM C s k thut c kh
34

sH
max
= 2,8max { sch1, s ch2} = ... = ...(MPa)

sF1
max
= 0,8sch1 = ... = ...(MPa)

sF2
max
= 0,8sch2 = ... = ...(MPa)
3) Xc nh khong cch trc s b
T1K Hb
a w = K a (u + 1) 3 2 , vi:
sH
u
y ba
6.5
Ka - H s ph thuc vt liu ca cp bnh rng. Tra bng B 1nhn c

96
Ka=43MPa1/3
[ H ] - ng sut tip xc cho php: [ H ] =...MPa
6.6
y ba , y bd - H s chiu rng. Tra bng B 1bnh rng c v tr i xng vi 2

97
v HB350, chn y ba = .... => y bd = 0,5y ba (u + 1) = ... = ...
K Hb ,K Fb - H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng rng khi
6.7
tnh v ng sut tip xc v un. Tra bng B 1vi bd =... v s b tr

98
bnh rng trn trc (s 6) nhn c: K Hb = ...;K Fb = ...
T1K Hb
Ta c : a w = K a (u + 1) 3 2
= ... = ...(mm) . Chn aw=mm (lm trn
sH
u
y ba
n s nguyn gn nht)
a) Mun php
6.8
m = (0,01 0,02)a w = ... ...(mm) . Tra bng B [ 1] chn: m 1,5mm
99
b) Xc nh s rng
0
Chn s b gc nghing rng (=820 ) .
2a w cos ...
Ta c: Z1 = = ; Z = uZ1 = =
m(u+1) ... 2
Z2 ...
T s truyn thc t: u t = = = ...
Z1 ...
ut - u
Sai lch t s truyn: Du = 100% = ... = ...% < 4% (nu khng tho mn,
u
chn li Z1, Z2 v tnh li).
c) Xc nh gc nghing ca rng
m(Z1 + Z2) ...
cosb = = = ...
2aw ...
b = arccos(cosb) = ... = ...0( na ng t8 200 )
m trong khoa
BM C s k thut c kh
35
d) Xc nh gc n khp (tw)
tga 0
a t = a tw = arctg = ... = ...
cos b
Gc nghing ca rng trn mt tr c s b :
bb = arctg(cos a t tgb) = ... = ...0
T s truyn thc t: ut =
2a
d w1 = w =...=...(mm)
ng knh vng ln ca bnh rng: u t +1
d w2 =2a w - d w1 =...=...(mm)

d n
Vn tc vng ca bnh rng: V= w1 1 =...=...(m/s)
60000
6.13
Tra bng B 1vi bnh rng tr rng nghing v V=m/s, nhn c cp
106
chnh xc ca b truyn (CCX):
2.3
Tra ph lc PL 1vi CCX:, HB 350, V= m/s, rng nghing v ni

250
suy tuyn tnh nhn c h s ti trng ng trong vng n khp khi tnh v ng
sut tip xc v un: KHv=; KFv =
6.7
H s tp trung ti trng KH v KF, tra bng B 1theo v tr ca bnh rng

98
v h s bd: KH =; KF =
K H ,K F - H s phn b khng u ti trng trn cc cp rng khi tnh v ng
6.14 V=...m/s K H =....
sut tip xc v un. Tra bng B 1
, vi , =>
107 CCX=... K F =...
ZR- H s k n nh hng ca nhm mt rng: Z R=1 khi Ra= 1,250,63m;
ZR= 0,95 khi Ra= 2,51,25m;
Zv- h s k n nh hng ca vn tc vng: khi V< 5 m/s, Zv = 1; khi V> 5
m/s, ly Zv = 0,85V0,1 = ... = ... i vi bnh rng c cng HB 350 v Z v=
0,925V0,05 khi HB > 350
KxH- H s k n nh hng ca kch thc bnh rng: Khi d a2 700mm ly KxH=
1, khi 700 < da2 2500mm ly KxH = 0,9.
YR - H s k n nhm mt ln chn rng: Y R = 1; YR = 1,05 1,2 (nu nh
bng)
Ys - H s k n nh hng ca nhy vt liu i vi tp trung ng sut: Y s=
1,08 -0,16lg(m) vi m- Mun bnh rng (mm)
KxF- H s k n nh hng ca kch thc bnh rng: K xF= 1 khi dw2 400mm ,
KxF = 0,95 khi dw2 = 700mm, KxF = 0,92 khi dw2 = 1000mm.
6) Kim nghim b truyn bnh rng
BM C s k thut c kh
36
2T1K H (u t + 1)
s H = ZM ZH Ze sH

, vi:
u t bw d 2w1

sH- ng sut tip xc cho php
ZM - H s k n nh hng ca c tnh vt liu cp bnh rng. Tra bng
6.5
B 1

nhn c ZM = 274MPa1/3
96
2cos b
ZH = =...=...
sin2 tw
Z - H s k n nh hng ca tng chiu di tip xc (ph thuc vo h s
trng khp ngang a v h s trng khp dc )
1 1
ea - H s trng khp ngang: ea 1,88 - 3,2 + = ... = ...
Z1 Z2
eb - H s trng khp dc: eb = b w sin b = ... = ...
pm ...
(4 - ea )(1 - eb ) eb
Nu <1 th: Ze = + = ... = ...
3 ea
1
Nu eb 1 th: Ze = = ... = ...
ea
KH - H s ti trng khi tnh v tip xc: K H = K Ha K HbK Hv = ... = ...
b w - Chiu rng rng khi n khp: b w = y ba a w = ... = ...(mm), lm trn bw
ut- T s truyn thc t
2T1K H (u t + 1)
Ta c: sH = ZM ZH Ze = ... = ...(MPa)
b w u t d 2w1
Kim tra:
Trng hp 1: sH
sH
v (nu khng tha mn, gim ba hoc a w v tnh li).

sH
- sH 100% = ... < 4%
Trng hp 2: sH >
s
H v gi nguyn kt qu tnh

sH
2
s
ton v tng b rng rng b w : b w = a w H y ba = ... = ...mm (nu khng tha

sH

mn, tng a w v tnh li).
2T1K FYe YbYF1 s Y
sF1 = sF1

; sF2 = F1 F2
sF2

b w d w1m YF1
trong :
KF - H s ti trng khi tnh v un: K F = K Fa K FbK Fv = ... = ...
BM C s k thut c kh
37
1 1
ea ...
0
Y - H s k n nghing ca rng: Yb = 1 - b = ... = ...
1400
YF1, YF2 - H s dng rng (ph thuc vo s rng tng ng Zv1 v Zv2):
Z1 Z2
Zv1 = = ...; Z v2 = = ...
cos3 b cos3 b
6.18 YF1 =
Tra bng B
1
vi: Zv1 =; Zv2 =; x1 =; x2 ==>
109 YF2 =
m- Mun bnh rng (mm)

sF1
, sF2
- ng sut un cho php ca bnh rng dn v b dn
2T K Y Y Y
sF1 = 1 F e b F1 = ... = (MPa)
sF1
= ...MPa
b w d w1m
Ta c:
s Y
sF2 = F1 F2 = ... = ...(MPa) sF2
= ...MPa

YF1
Nu khng tha mn, tng mun m v tnh li.
sH max = sH K qt = ... = ...(MPa) sH
max
= ...MPa

sFmax1 = K qt sF1 = ... = ...(MPa) sF1
max
= ...MPa

s
Fmax 2
= K qt sF2 = ... = ...(MPa)
sF2
max
= ...MPa
trong :
Tmax ...
Kqt - H s qu ti: K qt = = (nu khng tho mn, chn li vt liu bnh
T1 ...
rng v tnh li).
7) Thng s hnh hc ch yu ca b truyn Bnh rng

mZ1
d1 = = ... = ...(mm)
cos b
ng knh vng chia ca cp bnh rng:
mZ2
d2 = = ... = ...(mm)

cos b
Khong cch trc chia: a=0,5(d1 + d2 )==(mm)
d a1 = d1 + 2m = ... = ...(mm)
ng knh vng nh rng:
d a 2 = d 2 + 2m = ... = ...(mm)
d f1 = d1 - 2,5m = ... = ...(mm)
ng knh vng chn rng:
d f 2 = d 2 - 2,5m = ... = ...(mm)
d b1 = d1 cos a = ... = ...(mm)
ng knh vng trn c s:
d b2 = d 2 cos a = ... = ...(mm)
Gc prfin rng: =200
BM C s k thut c kh
38
BM C s k thut c kh
39
8) Bng thng s ca b truyn Bnh rng tr rng nghing
P1=KW; T1=Nmm; n1=v/ph; u=u1 =; Lh =gi
Thng s K hiu Gi tr
Khong cch trc chia (mm) a
Khong cch trc (mm) aw
Z1
S rng
Z2
Mun php (mm) m
d1
ng knh vng chia (mm)
d2
dw1
ng knh vng ln (mm)
dw2
da1
ng knh vng nh rng (mm)
da2
db1
ng knh vng trn c s (mm)
db2
x1 0
H s dch chnh
x2 0
Gc prfin rng t 0
Gc n khp tw 0
H s trng khp ngang
H s trng khp dc
Gc nghing ca rng 0
2.2.2.2. Tnh ton truyn ng bnh rng cn rng thng

Thng s u vo:
P1 = (cong sua
t tre
n truc mang banh ra
ng da n, KW)

n, Nmm)

n1 = (sovo
u = u = ...(tysotruye n)
br
)

6.1
Tra bng B 1(hoc bng 1.7 trong PL1) chn:

92
K hiu thp:
Ch nhit luyn:
rn: HB=...... , chn: HB2 =...
K hiu thp: .
BM C s k thut c kh
40
Ch nhit luyn:
rn: HB=...... , chn: HB1 =
Nu vt liu ca hai bnh rng thuc nhm I (HB350):HB 1 = HB2 + 10 15 v
s0HLim s0Flim
sH

= s
ZR Zv K xH K HL ; =
F S YR YSK xFK FC K FL

SH F
Z Z K
Chn s b: R v xH = 1;Y Y K
R S xF = 1
6.2
SH, SF - H s an ton khi tnh v ng sut tip xc v un. Tra bng B 1

94
nhn c: SH1=, SF1=; SH2 =, SF2=
0Hlim , 0Flim - ng sut tip xc v un gii hn ng vi s chu k c s:

s0Hlim1 = 2HB1 + 70 = ... = ...(MPa)
Bnh rng dn: 0
sFlim1 = 1,8HB 1 = ... = ...(MPa)

s0Hlim 2 = 2HB2 + 70 = ... = ...(MPa)
Bnh rng b dn: 0
sFlim 2 = 1,8HB2 = ... = ...(MPa)
KFC- H s k n nh hng t ti: K FC= 1 khi t ti mt pha (b truyn quay
mt chiu), KFC= 0,70,8 khi t ti hai pha (b truyn quay hai chiu, dng tr s
ln khi HB > 350).
N H0 N
KHL, KFL -H s tui th: K HL = mH ; K FL = mF F0
N HE N FE
trong :
mH, mF -Bc ca ng cong mi khi th v ng sut tip xc v un. Bnh rng
c HB350: mH= mF=6.
NH01 = 30HB12,4 = ... = ...

NH02 = 30HB22,4 = ... = ....

NF01 = NF02=4.106(o i v
i banh ba ng ra
ng thep)

NHE, NFE - S chu k thay i ng sut tng ng. Khi b truyn chu ti trng
tnh: N HE = N FE = 60cnt S :
c- S ln n khp ca rng trong mt vng quay (i vi mt cp rng:c =1)
n - S vng quay trong mt pht ca bnh rng
t - Tng s gi lm vic ca bnh rng (gi): t = Lh
N HE1 = N FE1 = 60cn1L h = ... = ...

n
N HE2 = N FE2 = 60cn 2 L h = ... = ...60c 1 L h = ... = ...
u
Nu:
BM C s k thut c kh
41
NHE1HH01=> ly NHE1=NH01=>KHL1=1
NHE2HH02=> ly NHE2=NH02=>KHL2=1
N N
K HL1 = mH H01 = ... = ...;K HL2 = mH H02 = ... = ...
N HE1 N HE2

N F01 N F02
K FL1 = mF = ... = ...;K FL2 = mF = ... = ...
N FE1 N FE2
Ta c:
s0Hlim1

sH1
= S ZR Zv K xH K HL1 = ... = ...(MPa)
H1
s0Hlim 2
s =
H2 S ZR Zv K xH K HL2 = ... = ...(MPa)
H2
0
s = sFlim1 Y Y K K K = ... = ...(MPa)
F1

S F1 R S xF FC FL1

s0Flim 2

sF2
= S YR YS K xF K FC K FL2 = ... = ...(MPa)
F2
Chn: [H]=min{[H1], [H2]}

sH
max
= 2,8max { sch1, s ch2} = ... = ...MPa

sF1
max
= 0,8sch1 = ... = ...MPa

sF2
max
= 0,8sch2 = ... = ...MPa
3) Xc nh s b chiu di cn ngoi
T1K Hb
R e = K R u 2 + 13 2 , vi:
uK be (1 - K be )
sH

KR - H s ph thuc vt liu bnh rng v loi rng (i vi b truyn bnh rng cn
rng thng bng thp: KR=50MPa1/3 )
Kbe- H s chiu rng rng. Chn s b Kbe (Kbe= 0,25 0,3)
K Hb ,K Fb - H s k n s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng rng khi tnh
6.21 K be u
v ng sut tip xc v un. Tra bng B 1

vi: = ...
113 2 - K be

K Hb = ...
Nu s b tr l s I, HB350, rng thng nhn c:
K Fb = ...
H

- ng sut tip xc cho php: H
= MPa
BM C s k thut c kh
42
2 T1K Hb
Ta c: R e = K R u + 1 3 2
= ... = ...(mm)
K be (1 - K be )u
sH

a) Xc nh mun trn vng trn chia ngoi v vng trn trung bnh (mte , mtm)
ng knh vng trn chia ngoi trn mt nn ph y ln:
2R e ...
d el = = = ...(mm)
1+ u2 ...
6.22
Tra bng B 1vi de1 =mm v t s truyn u= c s rng Ztp=

114
vi HB350=>Z1=1,6Ztp== (lm trn Z1 n s nguyn gn nht).
ng knh vng trn trung bnh bnh rng dn v mun trn vng trn trung bnh:
d m1 ...
dm1=(1-0,5Kbe)del==(mm); m tm = = = ...(mm)
Z1 ...
m tm ...
Mun trn vng trn chia ngoi: m te = = = ...(mm)
(1 - 0,5K be ) ...
6.8
Tra bng B 1chn mte theo tiu chun: mte=mm. Tnh li mun vng trung

99
bnh: mtm=(1-0,5Kbe)mte==(mm)
b) Xc nh s rng
d m1 ...
Z1 = = = .. ly Z1 = (lm trn n s nguyn gn nht)
m tm ...
Z2 = u.Z1 = ... (lm trn n s nguyn gn nht)
Z2 ...
T s truyn thc t: u t = = = ... ,
Z1 ...
u -u
Sai lch t s truyn: u= 1 100%=...=...%<4% (nu khng tho mn, chn li
u
Z1, Z2 v tnh li).
c) Xc nh gc cn chia
Z
d1 = arctg 1 = ... = ...0 ; d2 = 900 - d1 = ... = ...0
Z2
d) Xc nh h s dch chnh
i vi b truyn bnh rng cn rng thng, dch chnh u: x1 + x2 = 0
6.20
Tra bng B 1vi Z1 = ; ut =, c: x1 == - x2.

112
e) Xc nh ng knh trung bnh v chiu di cn ngoi
ng knh trung bnh: d m1 = m tm Z1 = ...(mm);d m2 = m tm Z2 = ...(mm)
m te
Chiu di cn ngoi: R e = Z12 + Z22 = ... = ...(mm)
2
T s truyn thc t: ut=
BM C s k thut c kh
43
d m1n1
Vn tc vng ca bnh rng: V= =...=...(m/s)
60000
6.13
Tra bng B 1vi V=m/s v bnh rng cn rng thng, nhn c cp chnh

106
xc ca b truyn (CCX):
2.3
Tra ph lc PL 1vi CCX:, HB 350, V= m/s, rng thng v ni suy

250
tuyn tnh nhn c h s ti trng ng trong vng n khp khi tnh v ng sut
tip xc v un: KHv=; KFv =
6.21
H s tp trung ti trng KH v KF, tra bng B 1: KH =; KF =

113
K Ha ,K Fa H s phn b khng u ti trng trn cc i rng khi tnh v ng sut
-
tip xc v un. B truyn l bnh rng cn rng thng: K Ha = K Fa = 1

ZR- H s k n nh hng ca nhm mt rng: Z R=1 khi Ra= 1,250,63m; ZR=
0,95 khi Ra= 2,51,25m;
Zv- h s k n nh hng ca vn tc vng: khi V< 5 m/s, Zv = 1; khi V> 5 m/s,
ly Zv = 0,85V 0,1 = ... = ... i vi bnh rng c cng HB 350 v Z v=
0,925V0,05 khi HB > 350
KxH- H s k n nh hng ca kch thc bnh rng: Khi d a2 700mm ly KxH= 1,
khi 700 < da2 2500mm ly KxH = 0,9.
YR H s k n nhm mt ln chn rng: Y R = 1; YR = 1,05 1,2 (nu nh
bng)
Ys H s k n nh hng ca nhy vt liu i vi tp trung ng sut: Y s=
1,08 - 0,0695ln(m) vi m- Mun bnh rng (mm)
KxF- H s k n nh hng ca kch thc bnh rng: K xF= 1 khi da2 400mm , KxF
= 0,95 khi da2 = 700mm, KxF = 0,92 khi da2 = 1000mm.
6) Kim nghim b truyn Bnh rng

2T1K H u t2 + 1
s H = ZM ZH Z e 2
[ sH ]
0,85bu t d m1
trong :
6.5
ZM - H s k n nh hng ca c tnh vt liu cp bnh rng. Tra bng B 1

96
nhn c ZM = 274MPa1/3
6.12
ZH - H s k n nh hng ca hnh dng b mt tip xc. Tra bng B 1vi

250
x1 + x2 = 0 v =00 , nhn c: ZH=
BM C s k thut c kh
44
Ze - H s k n nh hng ca tng chiu di tip xc: Ze = 4 - ea , vi:
3
1 1
ea 1,88 - 3,2 - = ... = ... - H s trng khp ngang
Z
1 Z 2
KH - H s ti trng khi tnh v tip xc: K H =K H K H K Hv =...=...

Chiu rng rng: b = K be R e = ...(mm) , lm trn b = ...mm
ut- T s truyn thc t

H - ng sut tip xc cho php (MPa)
2T1 K H u 2t + 1
Ta c: sH = ZM ZH Ze = ... = ...(MPa)
0,85bu t d 2m1
Kim tra:
sH

- sH 100% = ... < 10%
Trng hp 1: sH s
H v (nu khng tha mn,

sH

gim Re v tnh li).

sH
- sH
Trng hp 2: sH > sH
v 100% = ... < 4% (nu khng tha mn,

sH

tng Re v tnh li).
2T1K FYe YF1 s Y
sF1 = sF1
; sF2 = F1 F2 sF2

0,85bd m1m tm YF1
KF - H s ti trng khi tnh v un: K F = K Fa K FbK Fv = ... = ...
1 1
ea ...
6.18
YF1, YF2 - H s dng rng. Trang bng B 1vi:

109
Z1 ...
Z 1v = = = ...; x1 =
cos d1 ... YF1 = ...
nhn c :
Z = Z1 = ... = ...; x = YF2 = ...
2v 2

cos d 2 ...
mtm , dm1 - Mun v ng knh vng trn trung bnh bnh rng dn (mm)

sF1
, sF2
- ng sut un cho php ca bnh rng dn v b dn.
Ta c:
2T1K FYe YbYF1
sF1 = = ... = ...(MPa) sF1
= ...MPa
bd m1m tm
s Y
sF2 = F1 F2 = ... = ...(MPa) sF2
= ...MPa
YF1
Nu khng tho mn, tng mun mtm v tnh li.
BM C s k thut c kh
45
sH max = sH K qt = ... = ...(MPa)
sH

max
= ...MPa
sFmax1 = K qt s F1 = ... = ...(MPa)
sF1

max
= ...MPa
sFmax 2 = K qt s F2 = ... = ...(MPa)
sF2

max
= ...MPa
Tmax ...
trong Kqt - H s qu ti: K qt = = = ...
T1 ...
Nu khng tho mn, chn li vt liu v tnh li.
7) Thng s hnh hc c bn ca b truyn Bnh rng
ng knh vng trn chia ngoi (mm): d e1 = m te Z1 = ...;d e2 = m te Z2 = ...
ng knh vng nh rng ngoi (mm):
d ae1 = de1 + 2h ae1 cos d1 = ...;d ae2 = d e2 + 2h ae2 cos d2 = ...
Chiu cao rng ngoi (mm): he=2,2mte ==
Chiu cao nh rng ngoi (mm): h ae1 = (h te + x1)m te = ...;h ae2 = (h te + x 2 )m te = ...
Chiu cao chn rng ngoi (mm): h ae1 = h te - h ae1 = ...;h ae2 = h te - h ae2 = ...
8. Bng thng s ca b truyn Bnh rng cn
P1 =KW; T1=Nmm; n1=v/ph; u= u1 =; Lh=gi
Thng s K hiu Gi tr
Chiu di cn ngoi (mm) Re
Mun trn vng trn chia ngoi (mm) mte
Chiu rng rng (mm) b
T s truyn thc t ut
Gc nghing ca rng 0
Z1
S rng
Z2
x1
H s dch chnh
x2
de1
ng knh vng trn chia ngoi (mm)
de2
dae1
ng knh vng trn nh rng ngoi (mm)
dae2
Chiu cao rng ngoi (mm) he
hae1
Chiu cao nh rng ngoi (mm)
hae2
hfe1
Chiu cao chn rng ngoi (mm)
hfe2
2.2.2.3. Tnh ton thit k b truyn trc vt

Thng s u vo:
P1,2 = (cng sut trn trc vt v trc mang bnh vt, kW)
T1,2 = (mmen xon trn trc vt v trc mang bnh vt, Nmm)
n1,2 = (s vng quay trc vt v trc mang bnh vt, v/ph)
u = utv= (t s truyn)
Lh = (s nm)x(365x(s ca/ngy)x8xKsd = (gi)
BM C s k thut c kh
46
1) Chn vt liu
6.1
- Chn vt liu trc vt, phng php ch to v nhit luyn (tra bng B [ 1] ).
92
7.1
- Chn vt liu vnh rng bnh vt. Tra bng B [ 1] (hoc bng 1.9 trong PL1) theo vn
146
tc trt s b Vsb:
Vsb 9,5.10-3 u 3 P2n 22 , (m/s)
BM C s k thut c kh
47
7.2
- Chn ng sut tip xc cho php ca rng bnh vt [ H ] theo bng B [ 1]
148
- ng sut un cho php ca rng bnh vt:
+i vi bnh vt bng ng thanh: [F] = [F0]. KFL
trong :
[F0] - ng sut un cho php ng vi 106 chu k:
* Trc vt khng ti: [F0] = 0,25b + 0,08ch (khi b truyn quay mt chiu) v [F0]
= 0,16b (khi b truyn quay hai chiu)
* Trc vt ti hoc thm ccbon t rn HRC > 45, mt ren c mi v nh
bng th [F0] tnh theo cng thc trn, sau tng thm 25%.
6
KFL - H s tui th: KFL = K FE = 9 10 N
FE
vi: N FE =60 ( T2i T2 )9n i t i , nu N FE < 106 ly NFE = 106 ; nu NFE > 25.107 ly NFE
= 25.107
+ i vi bnh vt lm bng gang:
[F] = 0,12bu khi b truyn quay mt chiu
[F] = 0,075bu khi b truyn quay hai chiu
- ng sut cho php khi qu ti:
+ Bnh vt bng ng thanh thic: [ H ]max = 4ch ; [ F ]max = 0,8ch
+ Bnh vt bng ng thanh khng thic: [ H ]max = 2ch ; [ F ]max = 0,8ch
+ Bnh vt bng gang: [ H ]max = 1,5[ H ]; [ F ]max = 0,6 b
3) Xc nh cc thng s hnh hc ca b truyn
2
q 170 T2K H
- Xc nh khong cch trc aw : a w =
1+ 3 , mm
2 H (
Z [ s ] q / Z 2)
trong :
Z2 - S rng bnh vt: Z2 = uZ1
Z1 - S u mi ren c chn theo t s truyn u (Z 1 = 14), nn chn Z1
Z2=3080 (sao cho b truyn nh gn v khng b ct chn rng bnh vt)
7.3
q - H s ng knh trc vt. Tnh s b q: q= 0,3Z2 v chn theo bng B [ 1]
150
(ly gi tr ln hn v gn vi gi tr tnh ton, u tin dy 1)
- Tnh mun dc ca trc vt v mun ngang ca bnh vt:
7.3
m = 2aw/(q+Z2) = ,mm. Tra bng B [ 1] chn m= mm
150
- Tnh li aw : aw = m(q+Z2)/2
- Xc nh h s dch chnh x: x= (aw/m) 0,5(q+Z2) tt nht: x=0
- Trc vt:
ng knh vng trung bnh: d1 =mq = (mm)
ng knh vng ln: d w1 =m(q+2x) = (mm)
ng knh vng nh ren: d a1 =d1 +2m =(mm)
ng knh vng trn chn ren: d f1 =d1 - 2,4m = (mm)
BM C s k thut c kh
48
Z1
Gc vt (gc nng) : =arctg =o
q
Chiu di phn ct ren trn trc vt (khi x = 0): b1 (11+0,06Z2 )m = (mm)
- Bnh vt:
ng knh vng chia trong tit din chnh: d 2 =mZ2 = (mm)
ng knh vng nh rng trong tit din chnh: d a2 =m(Z2 +2+2x) = (mm)
ng knh vng chn rng trong tit din chnh: d f 2 = m(Z2 - 2,4 + 2x) =
6m
ng knh ngoi (ng knh ln nht ca bnh vt): d aM2 d a 2 + =
Z1 + 2
Chiu rng rng bnh vt b2: b 2 0,75d a1 = (mm)
4) Kim nghim rng bnh vt theo bn tip xc
H = (170/Z2 ) [(Z2 +q)/a w ]3T2K H /q [H], trong :
Z2- S rng bnh vt
q- H s ng knh trc vt
aw- Khong cch trc (mm)
T2- Mmen xon trn trc mang bnh vt (Nmm)
KH - H s ti trng: KH = KHKHV
KH- H s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng rng:
KH= 1+(Z1/)3(1-T2m/T2max). vi:
7.5
- H s bin dng ca trc vt, tra bng B [ 1] theo Z1 v q
153
T2m, T2max- Mmen xon trung bnh v mmen xon ln nht trn trc mang
bnh vt (Nmm)
7.7
KHV- H s ti trng ng. Tra bng B [ 1] theo CCX: v vn tc trt:Vs =
153
dw1n1/(60000cosw) vi dw= (q+2x)/m; tgw = Z1/(q+2x)
[H]- ng sut tip xc cho php ca rng bnh vt (MPa)
5) Kim nghim rng bnh vt theo bn un
1,4T2 YFK F
F = [ F ]
d 2b2mn
trong :
mn- Mun php ca rng bnh vt, mn= mcos;
KF - H s ti trng: KF = KF.KFV; vi KF = KH, KFV = KHV
[F]- ng sut un cho php ca rng bnh vt (MPa)
6) Kim nghim bnh rng vt v qu ti
Hmax = H K qt [H ]max ; Fmax =F K qt [ F ]max
7) Tnh ton v nhit nhit (din tch thot nhit cn thit ca v HGT A, m2)
1000(1-)P1
A , trong :

b([ t d ] - t 0 )
0,7K t (1+)+0,3K tq

- Hiu sut b truyn: = 0,95tg(w)/tg(w+)
P1- Cng sut trn trc vt (KW)
Kt- H s ta nhit: Kt = 817,5 W/( m2.0C);
BM C s k thut c kh
49
- H s k n s thot nhit qua y hp xung b my: = 0,250,3;
Ktq- H s ta nhit ca phn b mt c qut. K tq= 17; 21; 29; 40 W/(m2.0C) tng
ng vi s vng quay ca qut: 750; 1000; 1500; 3000 v/ph
- H s k n gim nhit sinh ra do lm vic ngt qung hoc do ti trng lm vic
gim so vi ti trng danh ngha (cng sut danh ngha P1): = P1t ck /( Pi t i )
[td]- Nhit cho php ca du: [td]=0900C
t0- Nhit ca khng kh: t0 =200C
8) Bng thng s ca b truyn Trc vt
P1 =KW; T1=Nmm; n1=v/ph; u= utv =; Lh=gi
Thng s K hiu Gi tr
Khong cch trc chia/khong cch trc (mm) a/ aw /
Mun (mm) m
S u mi ren trc vt Z1
H s ng knh trc vt q
ng knh vng trung bnh trc vt (mm) d1
ng knh vng ln trc vt (mm) dw1
ng knh vng nh ren trc vt (mm) da1
ng knh vng chn ren trc vt (mm) df1
Gc vt (gc nng ren)
Chiu di phn ct ren trn trc vt (x = 0) b1
S rng bnh vt Z2
ng knh vng chia ca bnh vt (mm) d2
ng knh vng nh rng bnh vt (mm) da2
ng knh vng chn rng bnh vt (mm) df 2
ng knh ngoi (mm) d aM2
Chiu rng rng bnh vt (mm) b2
2.3. Thit k trc, tnh chn then v trc

2.3.1. Thit k trc
6.1 6.2
2.3.1.1. Chn vt liu trc v xc nh ng sut cho php (bng B 1

,B 1hoc

92 93
bng 1.8 trong PL1).
- Trc chu ng sut khng ln: CT51 (CT5) khng nhit luyn;
- Trc chu ti ln: C35 (thp 35), C45 (thp 45), C50 (thp 50) nhit luyn;
- Trc chu ti ln trong cc my quan trng: 40Cr (40X), 40CrNi (40XH),
- Trc quay nhanh, trc lp trt: C20 (thp 20), 20Cr (20X), thm than v ti.
2.3.1.2. Xc nh lc tc dng ln trc
1)Lc ti tm n khp ca cc b truyn
- Lc ti tm n khp ca b truyn bnh rng v trc vt:
+ Lc vng tc dng ln bnh dn hoc trc vt ngc vi chiu quay ca trc.
+ Lc vng tc dng ln bnh b dn (bnh vt) cng chiu vi chiu quay ca trc.
+ Lc hng tm hng vo ng tm ca trc.
+ Lc dc trc hng vo b mt lm vic ca rng hoc ren (trc lp 2 bnh rng tr rng
nghing hoc 1 bnh rng cn v 1 bnh rng tr rng nghing, cn chn chiu nghing
ca rng trn cc bnh sao cho tng lc dc trc c gi tr nh nht).
BM C s k thut c kh
50
- Tr s ca lc tc dng ti tm n khp b truyn bnh rng, trc vt xc nh theo cng
thc trong bng sau:
B truyn bnh rng tr rng thng : B truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing :
2T1 2T1 2T2
Ft1 = Ft2 = d w1 =.( N ) F t1 =
d w1 = F t2 =
d w2 =.( N )
Fr1 = Fr2 = Ft1tg a w =.( N ) Fr1 = Fr2 = Ft1tg a w /cos=.( N )
Fa1 = Fa2 = Ft1tg = . ( N )
B truyn bnh rng cn rng thng : B truyn trc vt:
2T1 2T2 2T1
Ft1 = d m1 = F t2 =
d m2 =.( N ) F t1 =
d w1 = Fa2 =( N )
Fr1 = Fa2 = Ft1tg a cos d1 =.( N ) 2T
Fa1 =Ft2 = 2 d = .( N )
Fa1 = Fr2 = Ft1tg a sin d1 =. ( N ) w2
vi: = 20 .0 F r1 = Fr2 = F t2 tg/cos= ( N )
2) Lc ti khp ni, lc tc dng ln trc mang bnh ai v a xch

- Lc ti khp ni Fk (t ti ng tm trc, song song v ngc chiu vi chiu lc vng
Ft ): Fk = (0,20,3)Ft =. (N). Nu Fk nh c th b qua;
- Lc tc dng ln trc ca b truyn ai F r (t ti trung tm bnh ai, c phng trn
ng ni tm, chiu hng v pha bnh ai i din): Fr = . (N) - phn tnh ai;
- Lc tc dng ln trc ca b truyn xch F r (t ti trung tm a xch, c phng trn
ng ni tm, chiu hng v pha a xch i din) Fr = . (N) - phn tnh xch;
2.3.1.3. Tnh s b ng knh trc
1) Tnh s b ng knh trc theo kinh nghim
- Trc ni vi trc ng c in bng khp ni: d sb1 = (0,81,2)dc lm trn theo tr s
10.2
ng knh trc trong bng B 1.

189
- Trc mang bnh rng tr b dn trong HGT: d sb2 = (0,30,35)aw lm trn theo tr s ng
10.2
knh trc trong bng B 1.

189
- Trc vt trong HGT: dsb1 = df1 , h bc trc c ng knh ngng trc ph hp theo bng
10.2
B 1v h bc ng knh u trc ni vi ng c in: dsb1 = (0,81,2)dc

189
2) Tnh s b ng knh trc theo mmen xon
Ngoi cc trng hp tnh theo kinh nghim, ng knh trc c tnh s b theo
m menxon (xem trc nh trc trn):
T
dsb = 3 = .... = ....(mm)
0,2[t]
trong :
T- M men xon trn trc (Nmm)
[t] = ( 12 20) MPa (trc dn ly gi tr nh, trc b dn ly gi tr ln)
d1 = ....mm 10.2
Chn (lm trn theo bng B 1)
d 2 = ....mm 189
2.3.1.4. Xc nh chiu di cc on trc (khong cch gia cc gi v khong cch
gia cc im t lc)
BM C s k thut c kh
51
10.6 10.7
- V s b tr trc v bnh rng trong HGT(v d hnh H 1

hoc H 1

190 192
10.11
H 1).
194
10.2
- Tra bng B 1vi ng knh cc ngng trc d= mm, nhn c chiu rng cc

189
ln b0=mm (trng hp trc vt, chiu rng cc trn 2 gi t c th khc nhau).
- Chiu rng khp ni, bnh ai, a xch, may bnh rng hoc bnh vt trn trc xc nh
theo cng thc (10.10) (10.13) trang 189 [1].
10.3
- Tr s cc khong cch k1, k2, k3 v hn tra bng B 1.

189
10.4
- Khong cch cc im t lc ty loi HGT v th t trc (I, II, III) tra bng B 1.

191
2.3.1.5. V biu mmen v xc nh ng knh trc
1) Xc nh phn lc tc dng ti
- V s trc v bnh rng
- t h to ti u vo HGT
- Xc nh chiu quay ca trc
- t cc lc tc dng theo cc phng x, y v z (hnh 2.1).
a) b)
c) d)
Hnh 2.1. Cc lc tc dng ln trc
- Di song song cc lc v ng tm trc (lc dc trc gy mmen un, lc vng gy
mmen xon i vi trc) v t cc phn lc ti cc gi t 1 v 2 theo hai phng x v y
(Fx1, Fy1; Fx2, Fy2).
- Lp phng trnh cn bng lc v mmen xc nh gi tr cc phn lc ti cc gi t 1
v 2 (nu gi tr tnh mang du m cn i li chiu ca phn lc gi nh).
2) V biu mmen
BM C s k thut c kh
52
Da vo cc phn lc c tnh bc trn, v biu mmen un ngang M x ,
mmen un ng My v mmen xon T (hnh 2.2a, b).
a) b)
c)
Hnh 2.2. Biu mmen v kt cu trc
3) Xc nh ng knh trc
- Xc nh tit din nguy him ca trc v tnh mmen tng ng:
M tj = M 2j + 0,75Tj2 , Nmm vi M j = M 2xj + M 2yj
- Tnh ng knh trc ti cc tit din nguy him theo mmen tng ng:
M tj
dj = 3 ,mm
0,1[s]
i vi ng knh trc ti ch c rnh then, lm trn ln 10% theo dy tr s kch
10.2
thc thng tiu chun; i vi ng knh ngng trc lm trn ln theo bng B 1.

189
- Xc nh ng knh cc on trc cn li theo kinh nghim v s tay tha mn yu cu
v gia cng, lp ghp v bn u (ng knh ti ch h bc trc hn nhau t 510mm).
- V s b kt cu trc (hnh 2.2c).
2.3.1.6. Kim nghim trc
Kim nghim trc theo h s an ton ti cc tit din nguy him:
SsjStj
Sj = [S]
2 2
Ssj + Stj
trong :
Sj, Sj - H s an ton xt ring ng sut php v ng sut tip ti tit din j:
BM C s k thut c kh
53
s-1
s -1 Ss =
Ssj = hoc ks (gi tr thng s tra theo bng 1.8);
K sdjsaj + y s smj sa + y ss m
bes
t-1
t-1 St =
Stj = hoc kt (gi tr thng s tra theo bng 1.8)
K tdjtaj + y t tmj ta + y t t m
be t
-1, -1- Gii hn mi un v xon ng vi chu k i xng:
-1= 0,436b (i vi thp ccbon) v -1= 0,35b + (70120)MPa (i vi thp hp
kim); -1= 0,58-1; aj, aj, mj, mj- Bin v tr s trung bnh ca ng sut php v
ng sut tip ti tit din j:
smax j - sminj s + sminj t -t t +t
saj = ; smj = max j , taj = max j minj , tmj = max j minj
2 2 2 2
i vi trc quay, ng sut un (ng sut php) thay i theo chu trnh i xng,
nn: mj = 0; aj= maxj= Mj/Wj
Khi trc quay mt chiu, ng xon (ng sut tip) thay i theo chu trnh mch ng,
nn: mj = aj= maxj/2= Tj/2W0j
Khi trc quay 2 chiu, ng sut xon thay i theo chu trnh i xng, nn:
mj = 0; aj= maxj= Tj/W0j
Vi Wj v W0j l mmen cn un v cn xon ti tit din j ca trc, xc nh theo
10.6
B 1.

196
, H s k n nh hng ca tr s ng sut trung bnh, tra theo bng
10.7
B 1

197
Kdj, Kdj- H s xc nh theo cng thc (10.25), (10.26) trang 197[1] v cc bng
10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13
B
1 ,B 1

,B
1
,B
1,B
1
,B 1

197 197 198 198 199 199
[S]- H s an ton cho php: [S] = 1,5 2,5; nu [S]= 2,53 th khng cn kim tra
trc v cng.
Khi S< [S], chn li vt liu trc c c tnh tt hn hoc tng ng knh trc nu
c php. Khi S >> [S], chn li vt liu trc c c tnh km hn hoc gim ng knh
trc nu m bo v cng ca trc v iu kin lp ghp cn thit.
2.3.2. Tnh chn then
9.1a
- Chn then bng theo ng knh trc ti ch lp then (bng B 1) nhn c b, h, t1,

173
t2, chiu di then: lt = (0,60,9)lm vi lm- Chiu di may.
- Kim nghim then theo bn ct v rnh then theo bn dp:
2T 2T
sd = [sd ] ; tc = [tc ]
dl t (h - t1 ) dbl t
Nu khng tha mn cn thay i vt liu lm then c c tnh tt hn hoc tng s
then ln 2 hoc 3 then.
2.3.3. Tnh chn ln

Thng s u vo:
BM C s k thut c kh
54
- S vng quay ca n (v/ph);
- Tui th tnh bng gi Lh hoc triu vng quay L:
- Cc yu cu lin quan n kt cu hoc b phn my v iu kin s dng.
- Tr s, chiu v c tnh ca cc lc tc dng;
Ch : i vi trc c khp ni cn tnh thm phn lc ti cc khi thay i li
chiu quay ca trc v so snh vi cc phn lc c ri tnh - chn ln theo trng
hp ti trng quy c ln hn.
2.3.3.1. Chn loi ln
- Trng hp tng lc dc trc tc dng ln cc b truyn F at= 0, chn ( bi hoc
a, hnh 3.3a).
Fat
- Trng hp Fat 0, chn theo t s: , vi Fr1, Fr2 - Phn lc ti gi 1; 2.
max { Fr1,Fr2 }
+Khi Fat/Fr < 0,3 chn bi mt dy hoc a tr ngn (hnh 3.3a). Tuy nhin, i
vi trc mang bnh rng cn hoc trc vt i hi phng trc chnh xc nn cn chn a
cn - chn (hnh 3.3b) v c cng cao hn so vi .
+ Khi Fat/Fr 0,3 dng - chn (hnh 3.3b).
* Nu lc dc trc ln (Fat/Fr 1,5) dng a cn - chn.
* Nu lm vic vi s vng quay cao dng bi - chn .
- i vi trc vt c khong cch gia hai tm ln hn 250mm, mt gi t lp - chn
kp theo s hnh ch O, gi t cn li lp (ty ng)-hnh 3.3c.
- i vi trc thng ng chu lc dc trc, gi t di lp chn+ , gi t trn lp
cng cp vi gi t di (hnh 3.3d).
Hnh 3.3. S b tr ln
a) ; b) - chn; c) Gi 1: - chn kp, gi 2: ;
d) Gi 1: chn+ , gi 2:
2.3.3.2. Chn kch thc ln
Da vo loi ln chn v ng knh ngng trc, tra bng ph lc (P2.7-P2.14)
nhn c cc thng s ca ln : d , D , B, r , , C, Co,
2.3.3.3. Kim nghim kh nng ti ca ln
1) Kim nghim theo kh nng ti ng
Kh nng ti ng ca ln Cd: Cd =Q m L C
trong :
2.7 2.14
C- Kh nng ti ng cho php ca ln (tra bng PL 1)

254 266
L - Tui th tnh bng triu vng quay: L= 60.10 -6nLh vi: Lh - Tui th tnh bng gi
(ging nh khi tnh b truyn bnh rng).
m= 3 i vi bi, m= 10/3 i vi a
Q - Ti trng ng quy c:
i vi bi : Q = (XVFr + YFat)ktk , kN
BM C s k thut c kh
55
i vi a tr ngn: Q = VFrktk, kN
i vi - chn: Q = (XVFr + YFa)ktk , kN
i vi - chn kp: Q = (0,5XVFr + YFat)ktk, kN
i vi chn: Q = Fatktk, kN
vi:
V- H s k n nh hng ca vng no quay (V=1 khi vng trong quay;
V= 1,2 khi vng ngoi quay).
kt - H s k n nh hng ca nhit : k t=1 khi nhit t1050C, kt =
(108+0,4t)/150 khi t=1052050C
11.3
k - H s k n c tnh ti trng , tra bng B 1;

215
11.4
X , Y - H s ti trng hng tm v dc trc; tra bng B 1

215
Xc nh lc dc trc Fa i vi - chn. Lc dc trc bao gm lc dc trc ph F s
do cc lc hng tm Fr gy ra i vi - chn v lc dc trc F at t tm n khp ca
cc chi tit quay (bnh rng nghing, bnh rng cn, bnh vt hoc trc vt):
i vi a cn - chn: Fs = 0,83eFr ; e = 1,5tg
11.4
i vi bi - chn : Fs = eFr ; e tra bng B 1
215
Tng lc dc trc Fa1 tc dng vo 1 (vi 2 l cn li):
Fa1 =Fs2 Fat (ly du cng khi Fat cng chiu vi Fs2 v ngc li)
Nu Fa1 > Fs1 , ly Fa1 = Fa1
Nu Fa1 Fs1 ly Fa1 = Fs1
Tng lc dc trc Fa2 tc dng vo 2 (vi 1 l cn li):
Fa2 =Fs1 Fat (ly du cng khi Fat cng chiu vi Fs1 v ngc li)
Nu Fa2 > Fs2 , ly Fa2 = Fa2
Nu Fa2 Fs2 ly Fa2 = Fs2
Thay Fa1;2 vo cng thc tnh Q1;2. Chn Qmax xc nh Cd.
Ch :
- Nu Cd = C, chn li c c C nh hn.
- Nu Cd > C:
+ Chn li c c C ln hn;
+ Thay loi c C ln hn;
+ Tng ng knh trc (nu cho php) v chn li .
+ Chia thi gian lm vic thnh Lh/2, Lh/3, (tng ng vi vic thay nhiu
ln) chn c ph hp.
2) Kim nghim theo kh nng ti tnh
Kh nng ti tnh ca ln: Q0 C0
trong :
C0 - Kh nng ti tnh ca ln (bng)
Q0 = Max(Q01 ; Q02 ):
i vi v - chn: Q0i = XoFri + YoFat , khi =0: Q0= Fr
i vi chn v chn- : Q0i = Fat + 2,3Frtg, khi =900: Q0= Fa
11.6
Xo, Yo: H s ti trng hng tm v dc trc tnh, tra bng B 1

221
BM C s k thut c kh
56
2.3.4. Tnh chn khp ni
Khp ni gm ni trc, ly hp v ly hp t ng. i vi c h trong n Chi tit
my, thng s dng ni trc vng n hi (v c tnh nng ph hp v cu to n gin -
18.6
H 2 ). Ni trc c la chn da theo m men xon tnh ton:

67
Tt = k.T [T]
trong :
T M men xon danh ngha truyn qua ni trc (Nm)
16.1
k H s ch lm vic ph thuc vo my cng tc ( B 2 )

58
16.10a,b
T tr s Tt v ng knh u trc ni d, tra bng B 2 nhn c kch

68;69
thc c bn ca ni trc v vng n hi.
Kim nghim vng n hi v thn cht theo iu kin bn dp v bn un (cng
thc trang 69 [2]).
2.4. Thit k v hp gim tc, cc chi tit ph, bi trn v cc b truyn

2.4.1. Thit k v hp v cc chi tit ph
Quan h kch thc ca cc phn t hnh hc cu to v hp gim tc c theo bng
18.1
B 2

85
Ch :
- Khong cch gia cc chi tit quay (bnh rng, bnh vt) n thnh hp gn nht: 10
15mm
- Khong cch gia cc chi tit quay ngoi HGT n thnh hp gn nht: 10 15mm
- Khong cch gia y hp n nh rng bnh rng ln: (35), vi l chiu dy thn
HGT (mm)
18.3a
Cu to v kch thc cc chi tit ph: Bulng vng ( B 2 ), cht nh v (

89
18.4a,b 18.5 18.6
B 2 ), ca thm v np ca thm ( B

2 ), nt thng hi ( B

2 ), nt

90 92 93
18.7 18.11 18.12
tho du ( B 2 ), que thm du ( H

2 ), qut gi ( H

2 )

93 96 96
2.4.2. Bi trn v cc b truyn

- Bi trn ln:
15.15b
+ thng c bi trn bng m (kt cu v kch thc v tra m B 2 )

46
+ i vi bi trn bng du:
* Khi vn tc ca bnh rng ngm du V> 3m/s, du c dn n bi trn di dng bn
te hoc sng m
* Khi vn tc ca bnh rng ngm du V 3m/s dng rnh dn du trn b mt ghp ca
thn hp dn du vo bi trn .
BM C s k thut c kh
57
Ch : i vi cm gia trong HGT ng trc 2 cp c th bi trn bng du.
15.16 15.18
+ Lt kn quay trc tip ( B 2 ), lt kn quay gin tip ( H

2 ).

48 49
- Bi trn cc b truyn. gim mt mt cng sut do ma st, gim mi mn rng, lm
ngui v phng cc chi tit my b han g cn bi trn cc b truyn trong HGT.
+ Bi trn ngm du (V< 1012 m/s). Bnh rng, bnh vt, trc vt c ngm du theo cc
mc:
* Chiu su ngm du ngp n chn rng bnh rng ln cp nhanh (hoc 1/6 bn knh bnh
rng ln cp nhanh), mc du trn ngp n 1/31/4 bn knh bnh rng ln cp chm.
* Chiu su ngm du ngp n chn ren trc vt nhng khng vt qu tm con ln thp
nht ca (i vi HGT c trc vt nm di bnh vt).
* Nu khng tha mn iu kin trn, cn lp thm bnh rng bi trn, vng vy du hoc
qut du.
+ Bi trn lu thng (V12 14 m/s). Bm du t b theo cc ng ng qua vi phun
ti vo vng n khp vi p sut 0,51,75 atm.
BM C s k thut c kh
58
PH LC
1. VT LIU DNG CHO CC CHI TIT TRONG HGT (TCVN 1959-75)
1.1. Quy c ghi k hiu vt liu kim loi
- Thp ccbon :
+ Thp cn thng dng. Loi thp ny c c tnh khng cao, ch yu dng trong ngnh xy
dng, giao thng, ch to cc chi tit my v kt cu chu ti trng nh. Thp cn
thng dng c chia lm ba nhm:
* Nhm 1 ch quy nh v c tnh ( bn, cng, );
* Nhm 2 ch quy nh v thnh phn ha hc;
* Nhm 3 quy nh c c tnh v thnh phn ha hc.
Quy c ghi k hiu thp cn thng dng nh sau: Ch CT (T l thp, C l ccbon); cc
s tip theo ghi gii hn bn nh nht (hai s c n v l kG/mm 2, ba s c n v l MPa);
sau ch s ch bn l k hiu ghi chn ch phng php kh xy (s- thp si, n- thp
na lng, khng ghi g l thp lng); tip theo l k hiu ch nhm thp (nhm 1- khng ghi,
cc nhm khc ghi sau gch ni l tn ca nhm 2 hoc 3). V d CT34 n-3 l thp cn thng
dng, c bn nh nht 34 kG/mm2 hoc 340 MPa, na lng, nhm 3. Trong bng 1.1 l
k hiu thp cn thng dng dng trong xy dng theo TCVN v Lin X.
Bng 1.1. K hiu thp cn thng dng dng trong xy dng
TCVN CT31 CT33 CT34 CT38 CT42 CT51 CT61
Lin X CT0 CT1 CT2 CT3 CT4 CT5 CT6
+ Thp ccbon cht lng tt (thp kt cu, thp ch to my) l loi thp c hm lng
ccbon chnh xc v ch tiu c tnh r rng, tnh nng l- ha tt, hm lng tp cht S, P
rt nh. Thp ccbon cht lng tt dng ch to cc chi tit my chu ti trng ln. Quy
c ghi k hiu thp ccbon cht lng tt: Ch C v con s ch hm lng ccbon tnh
theo phn vn; k hiu phng php kh xy chn nh vi thp cn thng dng (s- thp
si, n- thp na lng, khng ghi g ch thp lng). V d C45 l thp ccbon cht lng tt,
hm lng ccbon 0,45%, thp lng. Trong bng 1.2 l k hiu thp ccbon cht lng tt
c dng trong ch to my theo TCVN v Lin X.
Bng 1.2. K hiu thp ccbon cht lng tt dng trong ch to my
TCVN C08 C10 C20 C25 C30 C40 C45 C85
Lin x 08 10 20 25 30 40 45 85
+ Thp ccbon dng c l loi thp c hm lng ccbon cao (0,7 1,3%), lng tp cht
S, P thp (< 0,025%). Thp ccbon dng c dng ch to cc dng c nh c, gia, cc
loi khun hoc chi tit c cng cao. Quy c ghi k hiu thp ccbon dng c: Ch
CD v con s ch hm lng ccbon trung bnh theo phn vn (nu tip theo c ch A biu
th thp ccbon cht lng cao vi hm lng tp cht S, P < 0,02%. V d CD80A l thp
ccbon dng c cht lng cao cha 0,8%C.
Bng 1.3. K hiu thp ccbon dng c
TCVN CD70 CD80 CD90 CD100 CD110 CD120 CD130
Lin x Y7 Y8 Y9 Y10 Y11 Y12 Y13
- Gang:
+ Gang xm, l loi gang m hu ht ccbon dng grafit (c kh nng hp th nh sng)
nn mt gy ca gang c mu xm. T chc t vi ca gang xm gm nn (Ferit, Ferit-Pclit,
BM C s k thut c kh
59
Pclit) v cc grafit dng tm. C tnh ca gang xm ph thuc vo t chc ca nn ( bn
ca nn tng dn t nn Ferit n nn Pclit) v s lng - hnh dng - s phn b ca grafit
(nu s lng hp l, hnh dng thu gn v phn b u trn nn th c tnh s tt ). Gang
xm c bn nn cao, chu mi mn, c tnh c tt v c s dng rng ri ch to
cc chi tit chu ti trng nh, trung bnh hoc lm thn my (b my).
Quy c ghi k hiu gang xm theo TCVN (theo Lin X) bt u bng ch GX (C), tip
n ch s ch bn ko nh nht (kG/mm 2), sau gch ni l con s ch bn un nh nht
(kG/mm2). Theo th t bn tng dn: GX12-28 (C12-28), GX15-32 (C15-32), GX18-36
(C18-36), GX21-40 (C21-40), GX28-48 (C28-48),... V d GX21-40 (C21-40) l gang
xm c bn ko nh nht 21 kG/mm2, bn un nh nht 40 kG/mm2.
+ Gang trng, l loi gang m trong ccbon tn ti di dng hp cht ha hc Fe 3C
(Xmentit), mt gy ca n c mu sng trng nn gi l gang trng. Gang trng rt cng v
gin, tnh ct gt km c dng ch to gang do hoc lm chi tit c yu cu tnh
chng mi mn cao nh bi nghin,... Gang trng khng c k hiu ring.
+ Gang cu, l loi gang c t chc ging nh gang xm, grafit c dng hnh cu. Gang cu
c bn cao hn gang xm (k = 40 100 kG/mm2) c bit l do ( = 5 15%). Gang
cu dng lm cc chi tit my c kch thc trung bnh hoc ln, chi tit my c hnh dng
phc tp, chu ti trng ln hoc ti trng va p,... nh cc loi trc khuu, trc cn,... c
t chc gang cu phi nu chy gang xm v s dng phng php bin tnh c bit gi l
cu ha to ra grafit hnh cu.
Quy c ghi k hiu gang cu theo TCVN (theo Lin X) bt u l ch GC (B ), tip
theo l s ch bn ko nh nht, sau gch ni l ch s gin di tng i (%): GC42-
12(B42-12), GC45-15(B45-15),... V d GC42-12 l gang cu c bn ko nh nht l k
= 42 kG/mm2, gin di tng i = 12%;
+ Gang do (gang rn), l loi gang c ch to t gang trng bng phng php . Gang
do c bn v do cao do grafit tn ti dng cm (bng) khi phn hy t Fe 3C.
Gang do thng dng ch to cc chi tit c hnh th phc tp hoc c thnh mng,
nhng gi thnh cao v thi gian lu.
Quy c ghi k hiu gang do theo TCVN (theo Lin X) bt u bng ch GZ (K), tip
theo k hiu nh i vi gang cu: GZ33-8(K33-8), GZ37-12(K37-12),...
- Thp hp kim:
+ Theo cng dng:
* Thp hp kim kt cu, l loi thp trn c s thp ccbon kt cu khi cho thm vo cc
nguyn t hp kim. Thp hp kim kt cu dng ch to cc chi tit chu ti trng ln, c
yu cu cao v cng, chu mi mn hoc c tnh n hi cao,
* Thp hp kim dng c, l loi thp trn c s thp ccbon dng c khi cho thm cc
nguyn t hp kim Cr, W, Si hoc Mn. Thp hp kim dng c c cng cao v tnh nhit
luyn tt ( cng sau nhit luyn t 60 62HRC).
* Thp gi, l mt dng thp hp kim c bit c cng cao, bn, chu mi mn v chu
nhit n 650oC nn thng dng lm dng c ct. Trong t chc ca thp gi gm cc
nguyn t:C (0,71,4%), Cr (3,84,4%), W (8,5 19%), V(1,12,6%) v mt lng nh
Mo hay Co.
* Thp hp kim c bit, gm:
BM C s k thut c kh
60
Thp khng g, l loi thp c nhiu pha, mi pha c in th in cc khc nhau ( mi
trng in ly chng to ra cc pin in t vi nn c kh nng lm vic trong mi trng n
mn);
Thp bn nng, l loi thp c bn n nh khi lm vic nhit cao v khng b xy
ha b mt.
Thp t tnh, l loi thp c t tnh cao;
+ K hiu thp hp kim. Quy c ghi k hiu thp hp kim theo TCVN (theo Lin X) nh
sau:
* Bt u l con s ch hm lng ccbon trung bnh tnh theo phn vn;
* Tip theo l cc k hiu ha hc ca nguyn t hp kim, km theo l con s ch phn trm
ca nguyn t . Nu khng c con s no ghi km theo k hiu nguyn t th hm lng
ca n 1%;
* Tip nu c ghi ch A l hp kim cht lng cao (c hm lng S, P < 0,02%).
V d: 40CrNi (40XH)- thp hp kim c 0,4% C, 1% Cr, 1%Ni; 12CrNi3A (12XH3A)- thp
hp kim cht lng cao, c: 0,12%C, 1%Cr, 3%Ni.
Bng 1.4. K hiu cc nguyn t hp kim theo Quc t v Lin X (Nga)
- Kim loi mu v hp kim mu

+ Nhm v hp kim ca nhm:
Nhm l kim loi nh c khi lng ring nh (khong 2,7g/cm 3) c tnh dn in v
dn nhit cao (ch km bc v ng), tnh do cao (d ko si v cn mng), nhit nng
chy thp (660oC) nn khng dng c nhit cao, bn - cng thp ( trng thi ,
nhm c: b= 60MPa, 25HB). Nhm nguyn cht sau khi luyn c mu sng trng, nhit
thng trn b mt ca nhm do tc dng vi khng kh lun hnh thnh mt lp mng xyt
(Al2O3) nn nhm c kh nng chng n mn trong kh quyn. Quy c ghi k hiu nhm
nguyn cht bt u bng ch Al v ch s phn trm ca n: Al99,99 (hoc Al 1A); Al99,95
(Al 2A); Al99,9 (Al 3A).
tng c tnh ca nhm ngi ta phi hp kim ha nhm. Ty theo hm lng ca
cc nguyn t a vo, c hp kim nhm bin dng v hp kim nhm c.
* Hp kim nhm bin dng c hm lng hp kim thp nn tnh do cao v d bin dng
nng hay ngui (thch hp vi cc phng php gia cng p lc nh cn, ko, p nng hoc
ngui). Sn phm hp kim nhm bin dng thng l cc tm mng, di, thanh, thi nh
hnh, dy hoc ng.
* Hp kim nhm c c hm lng hp kim cao nn nhit nng chy thp v tnh c
cao. Nhng do c nhiu pha th 2 (thng l hp cht ha hc) nn gin v khng bin
dng do c.
Quy c ghi k hiu hp kim nhm theo TCVN bt u bng ch Al, tip theo l cc
k hiu ha hc ca cc nguyn t hp kim v hm lng ca chng (nu khng ghi s bn
BM C s k thut c kh
61
cnh th hm lng 1%). V d AlCu4Mg- hp kim nhm bin dng c 4% Cu, 1% Mg,
cn li l Al (nu l hp kim nhm c thi ghi thm ch cui).
BM C s k thut c kh
62
+ ng v hp kim ca ng
ng c tnh dn nhit - dn in tt (tnh dn in ch km bc), tnh chng n mn
cao, tnh hn tt, do cao d bin dng nng v ngui nn d gia cng bng p lc, c th
dt mng thnh tm (chiu dy n 0,05mm). ng c khi lng ring ln (8,94g/cm 3
20oC), bn thp (b= 160MPa), tnh gia cng ct gt km (do phoi qu do), tnh c b
hn ch do chy long thp. Mt gy ca ng nguyn cht c mu (cn gi l ng
) sau khi luyn c phn loi theo tinh khit. ng nguyn cht km bn, tnh cng
ngh thp nn t dng. K hiu ng nguyn cht l Cu1 (hoc Cu 99,9 - ch hm lng
ng), Cu2 (Cu 99,7), Cu3 (Cu 99,5).
Hp kim ng c bn cao, tnh gia cng ct gt v tnh c tt. Hai loi hp kim
ng thng dng l ng thau v ng thanh.
* ng thau (latng) l hp kim ca ng v km, k hiu bng ch LCuZn tip n ch s
hm lng km, nu c cc kim loi khc hm lng ln hn 1% th ghi k hiu ca
nguyn t km theo ch s hm lng phn trm ca n (nu c hm lng 1% th
khng ghi). V d LCuZn40Pb2 - ng thau c 40%Zn, 2%Pb, cn li l Cu.
* ng thanh (brng) l hp kim ca ng v thic, km, ch, nhm, silic, (tr hp kim
Cu- Ni), k hiu bng ch BCu km theo k hiu cc nguyn t hp kim v ch s hm
lng. V d BCuSn4Zn4Pb4- ng thanh thic c 4%Sn, 4%Zn, 4%Pb, cn li l Cu.
ng thanh c nhiu loi, y ch gii thiu mt s loi c bn:
ng en l hp kim ca ng v thic hoc ng v ch, nhm, silic, ng en c tnh
chng n mn, chng mi mn v l mt trong nhng loi vt liu gim ma st quan trng.
ng en c tnh cng ngh cao (d gia cng ct gt v c th gia cng p lc) nn c s
dng lm trt, vnh rng bnh vt, cc thit b cha - dn hi, nc, du hoc m;
Babit l hp kim ca ng vi thic, ch v antimon. Babit c h s ma st thp vi thp,
mm - do nn c dng lm trc chu p lc cao v s vng quay ln.
Bng 1.5. K hiu cc nguyn t theo Quc t v Lin X (Nga) trong hp kim mu
Bng 1.6. Chuyn i cng HRC v HB
BM C s k thut c kh
63
1.2. Vt liu lm bnh rng, trc, trc vt v bnh vt
6.1
- Vt liu lm bnh rng (tra bng B 1hoc tham kho bng 1.7):

92
Bng 1.7. Vt liu lm bnh rng
- Vt liu lm trc:
Bng 1.8a. Vt liu v c tnh ca mt s thp ch to trc
BM C s k thut c kh
64
Bng 1.8b. ng sut cho php ca mt s thp ch to trc
Bng 1.8c. H s lch thc v
Bng 1.8d. H s k / v k/ ti ch lp c di
BM C s k thut c kh
65
Bng 1.8e. H s tp trung ng sut k , k ph thuc kt cu trc
BM C s k thut c kh
66
Bng 1.8f. H s cht lng b mt (h s tng bn)
H s nh hng ca ng sut trung bnh:

+ i vi thp cc bon: = 0,10; = 0,05
+ i vi thp hp kim: = 0,15; = 0,10
- Vt liu trc vt v bnh vt:
+ Chn vt liu trc vt:
* Thp ccbon C40 (thp 40), C45 (thp 45), ti ci thin.
* Thp hp kim 40Cr (40X), 40CrNi (40XH), ti b mt hoc ti th tch.
* Thp C20 (thp 20) v 20Cr (20X), thm ccbon (khi HRC>50, ren cn c
mi hoc nh bng).
+ Chn vt liu vnh rng bnh vt:
* Khi Vt> 5 m/s dng vt liu ng thanh nhiu thic (BCuSn10P, BcuSnNiP) hoc
ng thanh thic km ch (BCuSn6Zn3Pb3, BCuSn5Zn5Pb5).
* Khi 2< Vt< 5 m/s dng ng thanh khng thic (BCuAl9Fe4, BCuAl10Fe4Ni4)
hoc ng thau (LCuZn58Mn2Si2, LCu58Mn2S2).
* Khi V< 2 m/s bnh vt lm bng gang xm hoc gang bin tnh (GX15-32 hoc
GX18-36).
Bng 1.9a. Vt liu lm bnh vt theo TCVN
Vt liu Cch b (MPa) ch E.106(MPa) HB Vtmax
c (MPa)
BCuSn10P KC 200 120 0,75 80100 25
BCuSn10P KKL 260 150 1 100120
BCuSnNiP LT 290 170 0,98 100120 30
BCuSn6Zn3Pb3 KC 150220 80 0,93 6070 13
KKL 200250 100 0,93 6070
BCuSn5Zn5Pb5 KC 180220 80 0,88 6070 10
KKL 200250 100 0,88 6070
BCuAl9Fe4 KC 400 200 0,90 110140 10
KKL 500 200 0,90
BCuAl10Fe4Ni4 KKL 600 400 0,98 170220 10
LT
LCuZn58Mn2Si2 KC 320 140 0,9 160230 3
v LCu58Mn2S2
GX15-32 v KC 150* 320 1 170230 2
GX18-36 180* 360
KC- c trong khun ct, KKL- c trong khun kim loi, LT- c ly tm.
BM C s k thut c kh
67
Vi Gang th gi tr (*) ch gii hn bn un bu
Bng 1.9b. Vt liu lm bnh vt theo GOST
Bng 1.9c. ng sut tip xc cho php vi bnh vt bng ng thanh thic hoc gang
BM C s k thut c kh
68
2. DNG BIU MMEN TRN TRC HGT THEO GOST
Hnh 1. HGT bnh rng tr 1 cp
BM C s k thut c kh
69
Hnh 2. HGT bnh rng tr 2 cp khai trin
BM C s k thut c kh
70
Hnh 3. HGT bnh rng tr 2 cp phn i cp nhanh
BM C s k thut c kh
71
Hnh 4. HGT bnh rng tr 2 cp ng trc
BM C s k thut c kh
72
Hnh 5. HGT bnh rng cn 1cp
BM C s k thut c kh
73
Hnh 6. HGT cn- tr 2 cp
BM C s k thut c kh
74
Hnh 7. HGT cn- tr 2 cp phn i cp chm
BM C s k thut c kh
75
Hnh 8. HGT trc vt 1 cp
BM C s k thut c kh
76
Hnh 9. HGT bnh rng tr- trc vt 2 cp
BM C s k thut c kh
77
Hnh 10. HGT trc vt- bnh rng tr 2 cp
BM C s k thut c kh
78
Hnh 11. HGT trc vt 2 cp
BM C s k thut c kh
79
3. CC QUY C H THNG V K THUT THEO TCVN
3.1. Kh giy (TCVN 2-74)
Cc kh giy chnh c s dng gm c:
3.2. T l bn v (TCVN 3-74)
3.3. Nt v (TCVN 8-85)

Chiu rng cc nt v s, s/2, s/3 c chn xp x theo dy quy nh sau: 0,18; 0,25;
0,35; 0,5; 0,7; 1 (trong mt bn v thng dng 3 loi chiu rng nt s, s/2, s/3: 1; 0,5;
0,35)
Tn nt v, cch v, chiu rng v cng dng:
3.4. Mt ct vt liu (TCVN 7-78)

K hiu trn mt ct ca cc vt liu thng thy bn v c kh:
BM C s k thut c kh
80
3.5. Ch vit v s (TCVN 6-85)
Kh ch quy nh theo chiu cao h (mm) ca ch in hoa: 2,5; 3,5; 5; 7; 10; (trong
bn v ch to chi tit thng dng 3 kh ch: 2,5; 3,5 v 5, trong bn v lp thng dng
3 kh ch 3,5; 5; 7)
BM C s k thut c kh
81
3.6. Quy c v bnh rng, trc vt, bnh vt v cc b truyn
3.6.1. Bnh rng tr v b truyn
Hnh 13. Cch v bnh rng tr v b truyn
3.6.2. Bnh rng cn v b truyn
BM C s k thut c kh
82
Hnh 14. Cch v bnh rng cn v b truyn
BM C s k thut c kh
83
3.6.3. Trc vt, bnh vt v b truyn
Hnh 15. Cch v trc vt, bnh vt v b truyn
BM C s k thut c kh
84
3.7. Quy c v bulng, vt, vt cy v ai c
BM C s k thut c kh
85
BM C s k thut c kh
86
3.8. Quy c v l tm
Kt cu v kch thc l tm kiu A v B
Kt cu v kch thc l tm loi I v II
BM C s k thut c kh
87
4. GHI K HIU DUNG SAI LP GHP, NHM B MT TRN BN V, LP V
GII CHUI KCH THC
4.1. Ghi k hiu dung sai lp ghp
Trn bn v cc sai lch gii hn c ghi bng ch hoc s theo mm, bn cnh kch
thc danh ngha (hnh 16).
Hnh 16
- Trn hnh 16a v biu din cch ghi k hiu sai lch kch thc trc trn bn v:
+ K hiu bng ch f40f 7 :
* ng knh danh ngha ca trc: dN = 40mm;
* Sai lch gii hn kch thc trc ng vi min dung sai f7 (sai lch c bn f, cp chnh
xc 7).
+ K hiu bng s f40--0,025
0,050 :
* ng knh danh ngha ca trc: dN = 40mm;
* Sai lch trn: es = - 0,025 mm;
* Sai lch di: ei = - 0,050 mm.
+ Cng c th ghi k hiu phi hp, nhng k hiu bng s c t trong du ngoc.
- Trn hnh 16b biu din cch ghi k hiu sai lch kch thc l trn bn v:
+ K hiu bng ch f40H7 :
* ng knh danh ngha ca l: DN = 40mm;
* Sai lch gii hn kch thc l ng vi min dung sai H7 (sai lch c bn H, cp chnh
xc 7).
+ K hiu bng s f40+0,025 :
* ng knh danh ngha ca l: DN = 40mm;
* Sai lch trn: ES = + 0,025 mm;
* Sai lch di: EI = 0 mm (c th khng ghi).
+ Cng c th ghi k hiu phi hp, nhng k hiu bng s c t trong du ngoc.
Trng hp ghi k hiu bng s, nu tr s sai lch gii hn bng nhau m ngc du th ghi
du trc gi tr sai lch, v d: f32 0, 0125
- Trn bn v lp, k hiu lp ghp c ghi di dng phn s sau kch thc danh ngha
H7
f40 hoc ghi kt hp nh trn hnh 16c:
f7
+ ng knh danh ngha ca lp ghp: DN = dN = 40mm
+ Sai lch gii hn kch thc l ng vi min dung sai H7;
+ Sai lch gii hn kch thc trc ng vi min dung sai f7;
BM C s k thut c kh
88
+ Lp ghp trong h l c bn, kiu lp lng H7/f7.
BM C s k thut c kh
89
Hnh 17. Ghi k hiu dung sai lp ghp bnh rng, khp ni v ln vi trc
4.2. Ghi k hiu nhm b mt trn bn v
Hnh 18. Ghi k hiu nhm b mt trn bn v

4.3. Ghi k hiu sai lch hnh dng v v tr trn bn v
BM C s k thut c kh
90
4.4. Lp v gii chui kch thc
AS2 AS3 AS4 AS6 AS5
60
50
40
85
45
45
P
N2
C1 N1 O1 T1 B O2 C2
AS1
H
H
nh 1. Th p lp ghp
AS1
Chui 1
N1 O1 T1 B O2 N2
Chui 2 Chui 3
AS2 O1 T3 AS
T2 B
Chui 4 Chui 5
B O2 AS T5 AS5
T4 P
H
nh 2. Chui kch thu c chiu di trc
T2 T1 T4
5
3
4
2
T5
T3
T
H
nh 3. Ghi kch thu c trc theo chiu di v du ng knh
BM C s k thut c kh
91
5. MU BN V LP HGT V BN V CH TO CHI TIT
5.1. Bn v lp HGT
5.1.1. HGT bnh rng tr 2 cp khai trin
4 5 6 7
1
9
?
10
11 ?
?
?
M?c d?u max

M?c d?u min
12
?0,1 ? 0,1
45D8/k6
102H7/d11 90H7/d11 61H7/d11

25 90H7
50k6 61H7
24 40D8/k6
C TNH HP GIM TC 26 Bnh rang 3 1 C45
25 Ch?t d?nh v? 2 CT38
Z2 m b
?ng co di?n uH 24 Bnh rang 4 1 C40
C?p u Z1
23 Vng ch?n d?u 6 CT38
P (KW) n (v/ph) Nhanh ... ... ... ... ...
... 22 4 Thp ? lan
45H7/k6
? bi d? - ch?n
... ... Ch?m ... ... ... ... ...
21 Tr?c 3 1 C45
55H7/k6
20 N?p ? 6 GX15 - 32
19 Bnh rang 2 1 C40
18 Tr?c 2 1 C45
17 ? bi d? - ch?n 2 Thp ? lan
16 Vng ph?t 2 Amiang
13 15
14
Tr?c 1 1
1
C45
CT38
? ng ch?ng
13 Bnh rang 1 1 C45
45H7/k6 12 Nt tho d?u 1 CT38

28H7/k6
11 Que tham d?u 1 CT38
10 ?m vnh 14 65Mn
9 Bulng ghp bch n?p v thn 4 CT38
8 Then b?ng 5 CT51
25D8/k6 7 Bulng vng 2 CT38
14 6 Bulng ghp n?p quan st 4 CT38
5 Nt thng hoi 1 CT38
102H7 40k6 25k6 4 1 CT38

N?p quan st
3 Bulng c?nh ? 10 CT38
2 N?p h?p 1 GX15 - 32
1 Thn h?p 1 GX15 - 32
23D8/k6
S? Ghi ch
V?tr K hi?u Tn chi ti?t V?t li?u
lu?ng
? N MN H? C CHI TI?T MY H? D?N ?NG BANG T?I

Ch?c danh H? v tn Ch? k Ngy Kh?i lu?ng (kg) T? l?
Ch? nhi?m .................
HGT BNH RANG TR?
23
Thi?t k?
22
.................
21 20 18 17 16
1:1
19 15 Duy?t ................. 2 C?P KHAI TRI?N

T? s?: S? t?:
Tru?ng H Xy d?ng
Khoa CKXD- L?p...
BM C s k thut c kh
92
5.1.2. HGT bnh rng tr 2 cp ng trc
5 6 7 8 9
?
?
?
10
M?c d?u cao nh?t
?
1 11
M?c d?u thp nh?t
?0,1
? ?
? ?
22k6 ?
28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
?
38 206 ? bi d? 2 C45
12 37 Ph?t 2 Amiang
36 Trc vo 1 C45
Np ln trc vo 1 Gang xm
13 A-A 35
34 Vng ch n m 6 CT38
25k6 25k6
TL 1:1 33 Trc trunggian 1 C45
14 32 46305 ln trc trunggian 2 C45
31 Vt ghp np M10 10 CT3
30 Np trc trung gian 1 Gang xm
30H7k6 29 Then 8x7 1 C45
30H7k6 28 Bnh rng l n cpnhanh 1 C45
15 27 Then 8x7 1 C45
26 Bnh rng nh cp chm 1 C45
25 Np ln trc ra 1 Gang xm
16 24 209 ln trc ra 2 C45
52H7 Ph t trc ra N?
A 23 1
17 22 Trc ra 1 C45
21 Vng bc trc ra 1 C45
A 45k6 20 Vng mnp ln Aming
?
19 Cht nh vv hp 2 C45
18 Bnh rng l ncp nhanh 1 C45
18 17 Then 14x9 C45
16 Vt ghp gi gia M12 2 CT3
15 Cht nh vgi gia 2 C45
14 Cc lt CT3
Then 10x8
30H7k6 50H7k6 13 C45
19 12 Bnh rng nh cp chm 1 C45
11 Quethmdu 1 CT3
10 Nt tho du 1 CT3
09 Bulng ghp ca thm CT3
08 Nt thnghi 1 CT3
07 Np ca thm 1 CT3
Khong ng cin uH Cp u z1 z2 b Cao su
62H7 45k6 cch trc
a (mm) P (KW) n (vg/ph) nhanh
m
... ... ... ... ...

06
05
Doang np ca thm
Bulng vng
1
2 CT3
... Gang xm
... ... ... chm ... ... ... ... ... 04 Np v hp 1
03 Bulng cnh M16 CT3
02 Bulng ghp thnv np M12 CT3
01 Thn hp 1 Gang xm
S?
vtr Khiu Tn gi lu?ng Vt liu Ghi ch
? N MN H? C CHI TI?T MY TR?M D?N ? NG BANG T?I

Chc danh H v tn Chk Ngy Kh?i lu?ng (kg) T? l?
27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
Ch nhim .... ..... ........
Thit k .... ..... ........
HGT BNH RANG TR?
2 C?P ?NG TR? C
1: 1
Duyt .... ..... ........
T? s?: S? t?:
Tru?ng H Xy d?ng
40k6 Khoa CKXD- L?p....
BM C s k thut c kh
93
5.1.3. HGT bnh rng cn - tr 2 cp
BM C s k thut c kh
94
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
5 6 7
?
15
16
1 M?c d?u cao nh?t
?
M?c d?u th?p nh?t 17
18
?0,1
? ? ?
? ? ?
?
?
?
31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 40k6 22 21 20 19
c t nh hp gim tc
ngcin uH Cp u Z1 Z2 m d b
85d11H7
71d11H7
P (KW) n (v/ph) Nhanh ... ... ... ... ... ...
...
71H7 ... ... Ch?m ... ... ... ... ... ...
30k6 45k6
30D11k6
24 ? ng ch?ng 1 CT38
23 Tru?c ra 1 C45
22 14x9 Then bang 1 C45
21 Vong phot nap ? 2 Amiang
34H7k6 50H7k6
? 20 36209 ? bi d? ch?n 2 Thp ? lan
19 Banh rang nghing lon 1 C40
18 20x2 Nut thao du 1 CT38
17 Vong d?m 1 Thep la
1
1
6
7
k6
7
H
H
1
1
k
D
d
20k6
25k6
20
62
25
16 Que tham du 1 CT38

15 Thn h?p 1 GX 15-32

14 ?m vnh 15 65Mn
13 Nap h?p 1 GX 15-32
34H7k6
12 M8 Vit ghep nap cu?a tham 4 CT38
11 Nut thng hoi 1 CT38
10 Nap quan sat 1 CT38
9 ?m 1 Cao su
39 Cht di?nh vi? 1 CT38 8 M12 Bu lng vong 2 CT3
45D11k6 38 Nap ?tru?c 3 2 GX 15-32 7 M10 Bu lng ghep nap va`thn 6 CT38
37 Vong chan mo~ 5 CT38 6 M12 Bu lng ca?nh ? 10 CT38
85H7
36 7306 ?du~a cn 2 Thp ? lan 5 ?m ghep nap ? 5 Thep la
35 10x8 Then bang 2 C45 4 Nap ?tru?c m?t 1 GX 15-32
34 Banh rang cn lon 1 C45 3 M8 Vit ghep nap ? 30 CT38
33 Banh rang cn nho? 1 C45 2 ? ng ch?ng 1 CT38
32 6x6 Then bang 1 C45 1 Tru?c vao 1 C45
31 ng lot 1 GX 15-32
Vi?Tri KiHi?u Tn Go?i SLg V?tLi?u Ghi chu
30 7305 ?dua cn 2 Thp ? lan
29 6x6 Then bang 1 C45
28 T?m ch?n 1 CT38
? N MN H? C CHI TI?T MY H? D?N ? NG BANG T?I
Kh?i lu?ng (kg) T? l?
27 M8 Vit cdi?nh du tru?c 1 CT38
Ch?c danh H? v tn
Ch? nhi?m ................
Ch? k Ngy
HGT BNH RANG
32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 26 M10 Vt tra m? 3 CT38 Thi?t k?
Duy?t
................
................
CN - TR? 2 C?P 1 :1
25 Nap ?tru?c 2 2 GX 15-32 T? s?: S? t?:

Tru?ng H Xy d?ng
Vi?Tri KiHi?u Tn Go?i SLg V?tLi?u Ghi chu Khoa CKXD- L?p....
BM C s k thut c kh
95
5.1.4. HGT trc vt
BM C s k thut c kh
96
10 11 12
9
8
?
7
6 13
?0,1
14
?
15
?
6
6
7
7
H
H
k
k
5
5
0
M?c d?u cao nh?t
M?c d?u th?p nh?t

16
5
4
3
2 ?? ?? ??
1 ? ?
?
?
?
26 Cht nh v 2 CT38
25 Vt nh v 1 CT38
24 M16 Bu lng c?nh ? 4 CT38
35k6 23 M8 Bu lng n?p ? 16 CT38
c tnh hp gim tc 22 ng chng 4 CT38
21 Trc ra 1 CT38
20 Vng ph t 2 Aming
ngcin uH Z1 Z2 m q ? 19 7211 2 Thp ln
a cn
P (KW) n (v/ph) 18 Vng chn du 2 CT38
H7
... ... ... ... ... ... 17 Bnh vt 1 C45
40k6 ... ...
16 M16 Nt tho du 1 CT38
15 M10 Vt c nh u trc 1 CT38
?
14 Tmhm 1 CT38
13 206 bi 2 Thp ln
12 Nt thng hi 1 CT38
11 M8 Vt ghp npquan st 4 CT38
10 Np quan st 1 CT38
9 mvnh 14 60Mn
70H7 8 M12 Bu lng ghp np vthn 6 CT38
7 Cc lt 1 GX15-32
6 Vt ghpnp 16 CT38
5 Trc vt 1 CT38
D11
30 h8 4 7206 a cn 2 Thp ln
3 Np 5 CT38
2 Que thmdu 1 CT38
1 Thn 1 GX15-32
Vtr K hiu Tn gi Vt liu
? N MN H? C CHI TI?T MY TR? M D? N ? NG CO C?U QUAY

Chc danh H v tn Chk Ngy Kh?i lu?ng (kg) T? l?
Ch nhim ...................
Thit k ...................
HGT TR? C VT 1: 1
26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 Duyt ...................
T? s?: S? t?:
Tru?ng H Xy d?ng
Khoa CKXD- L?p....
BM C s k thut c kh
97
5.2. Bn v ch to chi tit
5.2.1. Bn v ch to bnh rng tr
0,02 A (Rz40 )
2,5
1,25
M un (mm) m ...
S rng Z ...
l
H ngrng tri
...x6
Rz10 Gc nghingca rng ...
Hs dch chnh x 0
18 18 Cp chnh xc theo 8-B

? TCVN 1067-84
0,02 A
Rz20
2x45
hai bn
...
+0,2
...
0
...
...
...

,1

...0
?
A
0,63
5
1,2
5
1,2
55+0,03
Yu cu kthut
1. Th ngha HB 180200
2. Kch th c khngghi sai lch gi i hn: L H14, trc h14.
3. Dung sai song song r nh then khng l n hn 0,022
4. Dung sai i xng rnh then khng ln hn 0,086
Thit k ...................
BNH R NG TR
H ng dn ...................
2x45 T l1:1
50 Tr ng H XD- Khoa CkhXydng
2 bn Lp...
C45
BM C s k thut c kh
98
5.2.2. Bn v ch to bnh rng cn
2,5 (Rz40 )
M un mtu (mm) m ...

?
S rng Z ...
Dng rng Thng

Rz40
Hs dch chnh x 0
Gc cn chia d 128'
0,2
+
50,37
...
ng knh trung bnh
128'5'
Chiu rng rng (mm) b ...
Chiu di cn ngoi (mm) Re ...
Cp chnh xc theo TCVN 1067-84 8
+0,021
R3 20
128'5'
2x45
,0
-0 5
0
3
A
5
6
0,63
?
... 0,1
Yu cu kthut
1. Ti ci thin t ......HB Thit k ...................
BNH R NG CN NH
2. Kch th c khng ghi sai lch gi i hn: L H14, trc h14. H ng dn ...................
3. Dung sai song song rnh then khngl n hn 0,01
T l1:1
4. Dung sai i xng rnh then khng ln hn 0,04 Tr ng H XD- Khoa CkhXy dng
C45
L p...
BM C s k thut c kh
99
5.2.3. Bn v ch to bnh vt
40 (Rz40 )
R24
+0,
M
un (mm) m ...
28
3
0,6
S rng Z2 ...
Cp chnh xc theo TCVN 8
Trc vt S u mi ren Z1 ...

i tip H ng xon Phi
Khong cch trc (mm) a ...
20x6 l
12
2,5
2,5
0,02 A
2x45
2 bn
60
...-0,5
43+0,2
...
...-0,3
...
...
...
...
A
0,63
2,5
1
2,5
+0,018
18 18 40+0,002
2
3
2
3x45 45-0,3
2 bn
500,2
YU CU K THUT:
1. Th ng ha vnh rng bnh vt
2. Sai lch gi i h n ca cc kch th c khng ghi: L H14 , trc h14
3. Dung sai i xng r nh then khng l n hn 0,072.
4. Bn knh gc l n 4 mm
3 Vt M10 05 CT38
2 May- nan hoa 01 GX 15-32
1 Vnh rng bnh vt 01 ng thanh
Vtr K hiu Tn gi S lg Vt liu Ghi ch
Thit k ...................
B NH VT
H ng dn ..................
T l1:1
Tr ng H XD- Khoa CkhXy dng
L p...
BM C s k thut c kh
100
5.2.4. Bn v ch to trc
(Rz40 )
B-B C-C
TL 1:1 TL 1:1
10 8 I
TL 2:1
2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5
3+0,2 26
+0,25
4 22,5
1
0,01 AA
6,5
M
1
AA 0,01 AA 0,01AA 0,01 AA
B
C
2,5
R1 0,63 R1
0,63 0,63 R1 0,63
II I
)
II( xoay)
,018
,002
0,018
,002
,018
,002
,018
0,002
0
0
0
0
0
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
TL 2:1
40
34k6(
(
(
0k6
0k6
5k6
3
2x45 ? 5
R2 2
2 ben 16
A B A
C
2,5
? ?
? ?
?
?
,5
6
20
16
YU CU K THUT:
1. Ti ci thin t: ... HB.
2. Dung sai song song rnh tren khng l n hn 0,018.
3. Dung sai i xng rnh then khngl n hn 0,072.
Thit k ...................... Trc 1

H ng dn ......................
Tr ng H XD- Khoa CkhXy dng T l1:1

L p... Thp C45
BM C s k thut c kh
101
5.2.5. Bn v ch to trc vt
I II (Rz40 )
TL 2:1 TL 2:1
25
A-A 22 16 Mun (mm) m ...
1
Hs ng knh q ...
Loi trc vt Arsimet
Gc vt ? ...
2,5 2,5
10
16,5
10
16,5
6
120
60
60
120

M

Cp chnh xc theo TCVN 8- c
4+0,2 B c xon vt (mm) PZ ...
Chiu cao ren (mm) h1 ...

S u mi ren Z1 ...
0,002 AA
0,002 AA 1x45
Rz20
0,32
Rz40 Rz40
0,32 A
2,5
I
9
3
8
2
8
2
8
2
,0
0
0
1
1
0
-0
,0
,0
,0
,0
,0
,0
0
0
0
0
0
0
+
+
+
+
+
+
35
35
63
48
40
40
30
75,6

A 5
? II
A A
? ?
? ?
0,025 AA
?
YU CU K THUT:
1. Sai lch gi i hn ca cc kch th c khng ghi: L H14, trc h14 2. Thit k .......................
Dung sai i xng rnh then khng l n hn 0,072.
H ngdn ......................
tr c vt
Tr ng H XD- Khoa CkhXy dng Tl1:1
L p...
C45
BM C s k thut c kh
102
6. THIT K CM TRUYN NG BNG PHN MM INVENTOR
Autodesk Inventor l phn mm CAD ng dng trong thit k c kh vi nhiu kh
nng mnh trong thit k m hnh Solid, c giao din ngi dng thun tin v trc quan.
Cu trc h thng ca Autodesk Inventor to ra th mnh v thit k m hnh 3D,
qun l thng tin, hp tc thit k v h tr k thut. Mt s im mnh trong cu trc h
thng ny l:
- Thit k mch lc, s dng cng ngh pht trin thng dng.
- C kh nng x l hng ngn chi tit v cc cm lp ln.
- C kh nng trao i trc tip d liu thit k vi bn v 2D ca AutoCAD, m hnh 3D
ca Mechanical Desktop hoc m hnh STEP t cc h thng CAD khc.
Autodesk Inventor l cng c to m hnh solid, hng i tng (Feature-Based), dng
cho cc nh thit k thit k c kh trong mi trng 3D.
c bit, trong Inventor c tch hp mun Design, dng tnh ton cc chi tit
truyn ng nh b truyn ai, b truyn xch, b truyn bnh rng, b truyn trc vt, v
cc chi tit - ni trong my nh trc, ln,.... Di y s hng dn s dng cng c
Design tnh ton- thit k cc chi tit my. Kt qu t hp thnh cc cm dn ng (h
dn ng) tham kho trong phn ph lc.
6.1. Thit k b truyn ai

- Chn New Assembly
- Chn cng c Design
- Chn V-belt tnh ai thang (synchronous belt tnh ai rng):
- Chn s dy ai v loi ai theo tiu chun chiu di dy ai(tham kho thm cun
Engineer's handbook ca Inventor):
BM C s k thut c kh
103
- t cc thng s ca bnh ai nh ng knh bnh ai, s rnh ai, hiu sut,:
- tnh ton cc thng s khc ca b truyn ai, s dng cng c Calculation:
- Nhp cng sut truyn P (kW), s vng quay ca bnh ai dn n (v/ph), click vo
BM C s k thut c kh
104
Calculate tnh cc thng s khc nh m men xon T, lc truyn, Nu khng tha
mn, chn li li ai hoc tng s dy ai. Kt qu ta nhn c b truyn ai:
6.2. Thit k b truyn xch

- Chn New Assembly
- Chn cng c Design
- Vo Design-> Roller Chains Generator.
- Chn mt phng lm vic cho b truyn (Select Chains Mid Plane). Mt ny l mt phng
i xng ca b truyn (mt gia). C th nhp gi tr cho mt lm vic offset vi mt va
BM C s k thut c kh
105
chn, in vo Mid Plane Offset. Nhp s dy xch vo Number of Chain Strands (k =
1; 2;)
- Chn trc lm vic cho tng bnh xch:
Xc nh v tr bnh xch vi cc ch :
+ Fixed position by coordinates: Chn theo v tr xc nh.
+ Fixed position by selected geometry: Chn v tr theo i tng c sn trong assembly.
+ Free sliding position: V tr trt t do (dng cho bnh t do)
- Chn dy xch: Click vo Chain v chn xch theo tiu chun:
BM C s k thut c kh
106
- Chn thng s cho tng bnh xch: Click vo Roller Chain Sprocket v chn s rng Z.
Cc thng s khc mc nh.
BM C s k thut c kh
107
- Sau khi thit k 2 bnh chnh, nu mun thm bnh t do th chn Click to add sprocket.
- Nhp cng sut truyn P (kW), s vng quay ca bnh xch dn n (v/ph), trong th
Calculation, Calculate tnh cc thng s khc nh m men xon T, lc truyn, Nu
khng tha mn, chn li li ai hoc tng s dy ai. Kt qu ta nhn c b truyn ai:
- Chn OK xut thnh b truyn:
BM C s k thut c kh
108
6.3. Thit k b truyn bnh rng
- Chn New Assembly => Design Accelerator
- Chn Spur gear tnh ton bnh tr rng thng hoc rng nghing n khp trong hoc n
khp ngoi. Chn Bevel Gear tnh ton cho bnh rng cn. Chn Worm Gear tnh ton
trc vt - bnh vt. Di y l v d cho b truyn Bnh tr rng thng:
BM C s k thut c kh
109
- Trong Calculation, nhp cng sut ca trc dn P (kW), s vng quay trc dn n (v/ph),
hiu sut ca b truyn :
BM C s k thut c kh
110
- Chn vt liu 2 bnh rng (theo bng):
- Chn cc h s (Factor):
BM C s k thut c kh
111
- Trong Design, chn ch tnh ton (Design Guide) l Center Distance, nhp s rng ca
bnh ch ng v t s truyn Inventor s tnh ra s rng ca bnh th 2. Ch : Chn "
Internal " khi b truyn bnh rng n khp trong.
- Nhp cc thng s nh modul, chiu rng rng. Nu l b truyn bnh rng nghing th
nhp gc nghing rng vo Helix Angle. Chn Calculation tip tc tnh ton. n
Caculate tnh ton cc thng s khc. Kt qu tnh ton s hin bn bng Result (nu cn
BM C s k thut c kh
112
1 dng no c mu tc l cha m bo yu cu lm vic, phi tnh li bng cch chn
vt liu, thay i s rng ,.....v tnh ton cho n khi t yu cu). Click OK b truyn bnh
rng.
- Thit k tng t, ta c b truyn Bnh rng cn:
BM C s k thut c kh
113
6.4. Thit k trc
- Vo Design, chn Shaft Generator:
- Chn cc thng s cho cc on trc: ng knh on trc, chiu di, gc ln chuyn

tip. C th thm on trc mi bng lnh Insert Cylinder.
- Trong Calculation, chn vt liu cho trc, nhp cc lc v cc m men tc dng ln trc:
BM C s k thut c kh
114
- n Calculation, cc kt qu tnh ton c cho bng Results, cc biu v lc,
mmen, ng sut v chuyn v c biu din trong Graphs:
6.5. Tnh chn then

- Vo Design, chn Key:
- Trong Design, chn loi then, chn ng knh don trc lp then v chiu di lm vic
ca then (c th n chn vo on trc cn lp then v Inventor s t tnh ton la chn then
ph hp).
BM C s k thut c kh
115
- Trong th Calculation, chn vt liu ca then v trc, nhp cng sut cn truyn P, s vng
quay ca trc n, n Calculate s cho kt qu tnh ton then:
6.6. Tnh chn ln

- Vo Design, chn Bearing:
- Trong Design, chn loi ln, click vo ngng trc lp phn mm t tnh ton kch
thc hp l.
BM C s k thut c kh
116
- Trong th Calculation, nhp cc lc hng tm F r, lc dc Fa v cc h s, sau n
Calculate kim tra kh nng ti ng v kh nng ti tnh ca ln:
Ngoi ra, trong Inventor cn h tr thit k Cam (Disc Cam, Linear Cam, Cylinder
Cam), then hoa (Parallel Splines, Involute Splines), cc giong (O-ring) v cc loi l xo
(Conpression, Extension, Belliville, Torsion).
BM C s k thut c kh
117
6.7. Cc dng HGT thit k trn Inventor
HGT bnh rng tr 2 cp khai trin
HGT bnh rng tr 2 cp phn i cp nhanh
BM C s k thut c kh
118
HGT bnh rng tr 2 cp phn i cp chm
HGT bnh rng tr 2 cp ng trc
BM C s k thut c kh
119
HGT bnh rng cn- tr 2 cp
HGT trc vt
BM C s k thut c kh
120
HGT trc vt 2 cp
BM C s k thut c kh
121
HGT bnh rng hnh tinh
BM C s k thut c kh
122
7. MU KHUNG TN BN V V BA THUYT MINH
Hnh 1. Khung tn bn v ch to chi tit bnh rng hoc trc
Hnh 2. Khung tn bn v ch to chi tit ghp (bnh vt)
BM C s k thut c kh
123
10 25 70 10 40 30
03 M14 Bulng cnh 6 CT38

02 M12 Bulng ghp th
n v np 6 CT38
01 Th
n hp 1 GX 15-32
10 8
V.tr Khiu S Ghi ch

Tn gi l ng
Vt liu
h dn ng b ng t i
15
Chc nng H v tn Chk Ngy S l ng T l

5
5
Thit k ..................
1 1:1
20
55
H ng dn hp gim t c T s: S t:
Duyt ................ ng t r c 2 c p Tr ng i h c xy dng
20
k hoa:.................... l p...........
17 23 15 60
65
185
Hnh 3. Khung tn bn v lp
BM C s k thut c kh
124
TRNG I HC XY DNG
B MN C S K THUT C KH
N CHI TIT MY
Thit k HGT:..
Thc hin:..
MSSV:Lp:
Hng dn: ..
H Ni, 20
BM C s k thut c kh
125
8. MT S CU HI GI KHI LM N CHI TIT MY
1. Vic phn phi t s truyn cho cc b truyn theo quy nh c ngha nh th no trong
vic thit k HGT?
2. Ti sao t s truyn trong HGT khai trin 2 cp bnh rng tr li c phn phi theo:
u n =(1,21,3)u c ?
3. Ti sao t s truyn trong HGT bnh rng cn- tr 2 cp li c phn phi theo:
u brc =(0,220,28)u H
4. Ti sao t s truyn trong HGT trc vt li c ly trong khong: utv-bv = 3080?
5. Ti sao khi thit k HGT ng trc 2 cp c th tnh ton b truyn bnh rng cp chm
trc v ly b truyn bnh rng cp nhanh theo cp chm?
6. Ti sao khi thit k HGT trc vt phi tnh ton v nhit?
7. Ti sao khi khong cch gia hai tm trc vt nh hn 250mm th khng phi kim
nghim trc vt theo cng un?
8. Ti sao khi khong cch gia hai tm trc vt ln hn 250 mm th mt ngng trc lp
- chn kp, ngng trc cn li lp ty ng?
9. Ti sao phi dng cc lt cho cm trc mang bnh rng cn cng xn v cm -
chn kp i vi trc vt?
10. Ti sao ng knh u trc ti ch lp khp ni ni vi ng c in li ly trong
khong: d=(0,81,2)dc ?
11. Vai tr ca nt thng hi? Ti sao nt thng hi li c t v tr cao nht ca HGT?
12. M t vic thm du trong HGT? Khi HGT lm vic 3 ca lin tc, kt cu que thm du
c g khc?
13. Cch xc nh ng knh phn c ren ca bulng vng?
14. M t vic thay du cho HGT.
15. Vai tr ca ca thm?
16. Vai tr v yu cu i vi 2 cht nh v?
17. Vai tr ca cc cn np ?
18. Vai tr ca vng pht (vng bt)?
19. Cc kch thc ch yu ghi trn bn v lp?
20. Th t lp v tho HGT?
BM C s k thut c kh
126
TI LIU THAM KHO
[1]. Trnh Cht, L Vn Uyn, Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh tp 1, NXB GD, H

Ni 2006
[2]. Trnh Cht, L Vn Uyn, Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh tp 2, NXB GD, H
Ni 2006
[3]. Trnh Cht, C s thit k my v chi tit my, NXB Khoa hc & k thut, H
Ni 2005
[4]. Nguyn Vn Huyn, Cm nang k thut c kh, NXB Xy dng, H Ni 2002
[5]. Nguyn Quc Dng, Nghin cu bin son ti liu hng dn lm n mn
hc Chi tit my, NCKH (MS: 34-2012/KHXD), H Ni 2012
[6]. Bi L Gn, Nguyn Xun Chnh, Trnh Duy Cp, Phm nh Sng, C s k
thut c kh, NXB Xy dng, H ni 2013
BM C s k thut c kh
127

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TRNG I HC XY DNG

Bi L Gn, Nguyn Quc Dng

HNG DN THC HIN

Mn hc Chi tit my l mt trong nhng mn hc c s cui cng ca chng trnh

Sinh vin lm n Chi tit my phi thc hin y nhng ni dung yu

Ch tiu tnh ton thit k HGT:

Ch : C th tnh Pyc theo mmen ng tr hoc cng sut ng tr khi s ti

2.1.2. Phn phi t s truyn v lp bng thng s

2.2. Tnh ton thit k cc b truyn

3) Xc nh khong cch trc (a)

7) Bng thng s ca b truyn ai thang

2.2.1.2. Tnh ton thit k b truyn ai dt

3) Xc nh chiu di ai v khong cch trc

4) Xc nh khong cch trc v s mt xch

5) Kim nghim xch v bn (kim nghim theo h s an ton)

- ng knh vng nh rng:

2.2.1.4. Tnh ton thit k b truyn Bnh rng tr rng thng

2.2.2. Tnh ton thit k b truyn trong HGT

Tng h s dch chnh: x t = y + Dy = ... = ...

7) Thng s hnh hc ch yu ca b truyn Bnh rng

8) Bng thng s ca b truyn Bnh rng tr rng thng

7) Thng s hnh hc ch yu ca b truyn Bnh rng

2.2.2.2. Tnh ton truyn ng bnh rng cn rng thng

b) ng sut cho php khi qu ti

tip xc v un. B truyn l bnh rng cn rng thng: K Ha = K Fa = 1

6) Kim nghim b truyn Bnh rng

KH - H s ti trng khi tnh v tip xc: K H =K H K H K Hv =...=...

2.2.2.3. Tnh ton thit k b truyn trc vt

2.3. Thit k trc, tnh chn then v trc

vi: = 20 .0 F r1 = Fr2 = F t2 tg/cos= ( N )

2) Lc ti khp ni, lc tc dng ln trc mang bnh ai v a xch

2.3.3. Tnh chn ln

2.4. Thit k v hp gim tc, cc chi tit ph, bi trn v cc b truyn

2.4.2. Bi trn v cc b truyn

- Kim loi mu v hp kim mu

Bng 1.6. Chuyn i cng HRC v HB

Bng 1.8c. H s lch thc v

H s nh hng ca ng sut trung bnh:

Hnh 1. HGT bnh rng tr 1 cp

3.2. T l bn v (TCVN 3-74)

3.3. Nt v (TCVN 8-85)

3.4. Mt ct vt liu (TCVN 7-78)

Hnh 13. Cch v bnh rng tr v b truyn

3.6.2. Bnh rng cn v b truyn

Hnh 15. Cch v trc vt, bnh vt v b truyn

Kt cu v kch thc l tm kiu A v B

Kt cu v kch thc l tm loi I v II

4.2. Ghi k hiu nhm b mt trn bn v

Hnh 18. Ghi k hiu nhm b mt trn bn v

M?c d?u max

102H7/d11 90H7/d11 61H7/d11

45H7/k6 12 Nt tho d?u 1 CT38

102H7 40k6 25k6 4 1 CT38

? N MN H? C CHI TI?T MY H? D?N ?NG BANG T?I

19 15 Duy?t ................. 2 C?P KHAI TRI?N

... ... ... ... ...

? N MN H? C CHI TI?T MY TR?M D?N ? NG BANG T?I

16 Que tham du 1 CT38

15 Thn h?p 1 GX 15-32

25 Nap ?tru?c 2 2 GX 15-32 T? s?: S? t?:

M?c d?u cao nh?t

M?c d?u th?p nh?t

? N MN H? C CHI TI?T MY TR? M D? N ? NG CO C?U QUAY