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    192 views9 pages

    Astm G154 PDF

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    thaiduyduc123

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    “This standard has been superseded with anew edition. Please contact ASTM (ww astm og) for the latest version. This standard is published in this ‘book to coincise with the edition referenced in the 2006 Iuernaional Bulling Cadc® (wwwicesae om). Ally Designation: G 154-00a Standard Practice for Operating Fluorescent Light Ap} Nonmetallic Materials‘ paratus for UV Exposure of “Thi standard ied under the ae designation 154; the number immediatly fllowing the designation indicates the year of ‘tga edopton or, in the ase of evislon, the year of let revision, A number a partes inate the yar of Inet reapproval. A ‘superset epsilon (indicates an eitoria change since the last rev 1, Scope 1.1 This practice covers the basic principles and operating procedures for using fluorescent UV light, and water apparatus intended to reproduce the weathering effects that occur when ‘materials are exposed to sunlight (either direct or through window glass) and moisture as rain or dew in actual usage. This practice is. limited to the procedures for obtaining, measuring, and controlling conditions of exposure. A number ‘of exposure procedures are listed in an appendix; however, this practice does not specify the exposure conditions best suited for the material to be tested, [Nore 1—Practice G 151 deserbes performance criteria forall exposure devies that use laboratory light sources. This practice replaces Practice 53, which describes very specific designs for devices used for fuores- cent UV exposures. The apparatus described in Practice G53 is covered by this practice 1.2 Test specimens are exposed to fluorescent UV light under controlled environmental conditions. Different types of fluorescent UV light sources are described. 1.3 Specimen preparation and evaluation of the results are covered in ASTM methods or specifications for specific ‘materials. General guidance is given in Practice G 151 and ISO 4892-1. More specific information about methods for deter- ‘ining the change in properties after exposure and reporting these results is described in ISO 4582. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 15 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This standard is technically similar to ISO 4892-3 and 180 DIS 11507. "ris practice i under the json of ASTM Commitee G3 on Weathering sand Durability and is the det responsibilty of Sebeommitee G02.03 on Simulated and Controlled Exposire Tet. ‘Curent edion approved fue 10, 2700. Published Septembee 2000. Originally published as G 154-97 Last previous edition 154-00 json o reap 2, Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: 1D 3980 Practice for Interlaboratory ‘Testing of Paint and Related Materials 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method? G53 Practice for Operating Light- and Water-Exposure Apparatus (Fluorescent UV-Condensation Type) for Expo- sure of Nonmetallic Materials* G113 Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial ‘Weathering Tests for Nonmetallic Materials* G 151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Ac- celerated Test Devices That Use Laboratory Light Sources* 2.2. CIE Standard: CIE-Publ. No. 85: Recommendations for the Integrated Iradiance and the Spectral Distribution of Simulated Solar Radiation for Testing Purposes* 23. 180 Standards: 150 4582, Plastics—Determination of the Changes of Co- Jour and Variations in Properties After Exposure to Day- light Under Glass, Natural Weathering or Artificial Light® ISO 4892-1, Plastics—Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources, Part 1, Guidance® 1S0 4892-3, Plastcs—Methods of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources, Part 3, Fluorescent UV lamps® ISO DIS 11507, Paint and Varnishes—Exposure of Coat- ings to Artificial Weathering in Apparatus—Exposure to Fluorescent Ultraviolet and Condensation Apparatus® 3. ‘Terminology 3.1 Definitions—The definitions given in Terminology G.113 ate applicable to this practice, * Diacomtinsed 1998, See 1998 Annual Bak of ASTM Stendad, Yo! 0601 3 Anal Book of ASTM Standard, Nol 14.02. ‘Annual Book of ASTH Standars, Vol 14.04 5 Available rom Seeesy, U.S. Naonal Commie, CIE, Naina Isat of Standards and Technology (NIST, Gaitiesbarg, MD 2089. Available from American Naina Standards Fst, 11 W, 42nd St, 13th Floor, New Yor, NY 10036 Cepia © ASTI naman, 09 Ba Harari, PO Bax C70, Wos eraser PA 192050, Unt Sion 1834 ip 154-008 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard—As used in this practice, the term sunlight is identical to the terms daylight and solar irradiance, global as they are defined in ‘Terminology G 113. 4, Summary of Practice 4.1 Specimens are exposed to repetitive cycles of light and ‘moisture under controled environmental conditions. 4.11 Moisture is usually produced by condensation of water vapor onto the test specimen or by spraying the speci- mens with demineralized deionized water. 4.2 The exposure condition may be varied by selection of: 4.2.1 The fluorescent lamp, 4.2.2 The lamp’s irradiance level, 4.2.3 The type of moisture exposure, 4.2.4 The timing of the light and moisture exposure, 42.5 The temperature of light exposure, and 4.2.6 The temperature of moisture exposure, and 4.2.7 The timing of a light/dark cycle, 4.3. Comparison of results obtained from specimens exposed {in same model of apparatus should not be made unless reproducibility has been established among devices for the material to be tested. 4.4 Comparison of results obtained from specimens exposed ifferent models of apparatus should not be made unless correlation has been established among devices forthe material to be tested, 5. Significance and Use 5.1 The use ofthis apparatus is intended to induce property changes associated with the end use conditions, including the effects of the UV portion of sunlight, moisture, and heat. These exposures may include a means to introduce moisture to the test specimen, Exposures are not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena, such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater expo- sure. Altematively, the exposure may simulate the effects of sunlight through window glass. Typically, these exposures ‘would include moisture in the form of condensing humidity. Nom 2~Caution: Refer to Pratioe G 151 for fll cautionary guidance applicable to all laboratory weathering devices. 5.2 Variation in results may be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. ‘Therefore, no reference shall be made to results from the use of this practice unless accompanied by a report detailing the specific operating conditions in conformance with the Section 10, 5.2.1 It is recommended that a similar material of known performance (a control) be exposed simultaneously with the fest specimen to provide a standard for comparative purposes. Itis recommended that at least three replicates of each material evaluated be exposed in each test to allow for statistical evaluation of results, 6. Apparatus 6.1 Laboratory Light Source—The light source shall be fluorescent UV lamps. A variety of fluorescent UV lamps can bbe used for this procedure. Differences in lamp intensity or spectrum may cause significant differences in test results. A detailed description of the type(s) of lamp(s) used should be stated in detail in the test report. The particular testing application determines which lamp should be used, See Ap- pendix X1 for lamp application guidetines. Nore 3—Do not mix diferent types of lamps. Mixing diffrent types of lamps in a fuotescent UV light apparatus may produce major inconsis- tencis in the light falling on the samples, unless the apparatus has been specifically designed to ensure a [Nor 4—Many fluorescent lam age sign Follow te apparatus manafacturr’s instractions on the procedure neces: sary to maintain desired iadiance (12). 6.1.1 Actual irradiance levels at the test specimen surface may vary due to the type or manufacturer of the lamp used, or both, the age of the lamps, the distance to the lamp array, and the air temperature within the chamber and the ambient laboratory temperature. Consequently, the use of a radiometer to monitor and control the radiant energy is recommended. 6.1.2 Several factors can affect the spectral power distribu- tion of fluorescent UV lamps: 6.1.2.1 Aging of the glass used in some types of lamps can result in changes in transmission. Aging of glass can result in a significant reduction in the short wavelength UV emission of some lamp types, 6.12.2 Accumulation of ditt or other residue on lamps can affect irradiance, 6.123 Thickness of glass used for lamp tube can have lange effects on the amount of short wavelength UV radiation transmitted, and 6.12.4 Uniformity and durability of phosphor coating 6.13 Spectral Irradiance: [Nore $—Fluorescont UVA lamps are available with a choice of spectral power distibutions that vary significantly. The more common may be identified as UVA-340 and UVA-351. These numbers represent the characteristic nominal wavelength (in nm) of peak emission for each of these lamp types. The actual peak emissions are at 343 and 350 am, respectively 6.13.1 Spectral Irradiance of UVA-340 Lamps for Daylight UV—The spectral power distribution of UVA-340 fluorescent lamps shall comply with the requirements specified in Table 1 ‘Nore 6—The main application for UVA-340 lamps i for simulation of the short and middle UV wavelength region of daylight. 6.1.3.2 Spectral Irradiance of UVA-351 Lamps for Daylight UV Behind Window Glass—The spectral power distribution of UVA.351 lamp for Daylight UV behind Window Glass shall comply with the requirements specified in Table 2. ‘ors 7—The main application for UVA-351 lamps is for simulation of the short and middle UV wavelength region of daylight which has been filtered though window glass (3) 6.133 Spectral Irradiance of UVB-313 Lamps—The spee- tral power distribution of UVB-313 fluorescent lamps shall comply with the requirements specified in ‘Table 2, Nowe 8—Fluorescent UVB lamps have the spectral distibution of radiation peaking near the 313-nm mereury line. They emit significant ‘mounts of radiation below 300 nm, the nominal xt on wavelength of lobal solar radiation, that may result in aging processes not occurring Outdoors. Use ofthis lamp is not recommended for sunlight simulation. Seo Table 3 1835 AG G 154-008 TABLE 1 Rolative Spectral Power Distribution Specification for UVA-240 Lamps for Daylight UV TABLE 2 Relative Spctral Power Distribution Specification for ‘UVA-351 Lamps for Daylight UV Bohind Window Glass Bandpass, am Fuoroscont UVAG#0 Lamp ‘Utraviolt Wavelength Region Inadance as porentago of otal iraanco tom 260 to 400m Sangh 200-270 00% ° 2r-200 20% ° 281-200 20% ° 291-300 <02% ° 301-320 286% 55% 21-300 2re-307% 185% 341-360 342-95.4% 27% 361-380 Te-287 268% 31-800 ora 218% LUtravolet and Vile Wavelength legion Iradance a a perooniage of ll adance from 800 to 890 nm 00-400 eae nx 401-700 127° mame 856d on spectral power dtibuton and operating a ferent ovals of {ontoled racanco, Tho ranges gven are based on too sia its orn tho ‘erages of his data. 5 rh data—Tho sung daa for global iracianc on ahoxizontal surface wa almacs of 12, column ozone 0.204 am em, 90% eave any, aude 2100 m (amepshoricprossure of 787.8 mi), and an aerosol represented by an ‘pla! ices of 0.81 at 300 rm and 0.62 at 400. ata trom 701 fo 800 ren ls nt show. UVASA0 datz—Bocauso tho primary omission of forescent UV lamps ts

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