Giao dch thng mi quc t

T Bnh Minh- MEcon.

2007 1

Ni dung

Cc iu kin thng mi quc t

(INCOTERMS 2000)
Hp ng Ngoi thng
Mt s phng thc giao dch c bit trong thng
mi quc t
Thc hin Hp ng Ngoi thng

T Bnh Minh
Mobilephone: 0903 817118
Email
tobinhminh@ueh.edu.vn
tobinhminh@ueh edu vn
binhminh_to@yahoo.com

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 1

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Mc tiu
Hiu tc dng v ni dung ca cc iu kin thng
mi quc t (Incoterms)
Vn dng cc iu kin thng mi quc t vo hp
ngg mua bn ngoi
g thngg
La chn iu kin thng mi quc t thch hp
Trnh nhng sai st khi s dng cc iu kin thng
mi quc t

INCOTERMS 2000
(ICC No 560)
I. Gii thiu chung
II. Gii thch cc iu kin

III. La chn iu kin
IV. Mt s lu

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 2

Giao dch thng mi quc t

I. Gii thiu chung

Mc ch ca Incoterms
Cu trc ca Incoterms

Mc ch

Cung cp mt h thng trn vn cc qui tc quc t

gii thch cc iu kin thng mi s dng ph bin
nht trong ngoi thng

Cu trc

Ngha
g v k hp
p ngg vn
ti v ni ggiao hng
g
Phng thc vn ti

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 3

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Ngha v k hp ng vn ti & Ni giao hng

iu kin Nhm Ngha v k HVT Ni giao hng
EXW E
FCA
FAS
F
FOB
CFR
C
CIF
CPT C
CIP
DAF
DES
DEQ
D
DDU
10
DDP

Phng thc vn ti

FAS EXW
FOB FCA
CFR CPT
CIF CIP
DES DAF
DEQ DDU
DDP
11

II Gii thch cc iu
II. i kin

12

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 4

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Phn chia chi ph v ri ro

Ngi Ngi
Bn Mua
Chi ph

Ri ro

13

Nhm E
((EXW))

Ngi bn giao hng cho ngi mua ti c s ca

mnh
14

EXW- Ex Work
Giao ti xng (ni qui nh)

Giao hng
Gi h (cha
( h thng
h quan xut kh
khu, cha
h bbc
ln phng tin vn ti) ti c s ca ngi bn

15

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 5

Giao dch thng mi quc t

EXW

Ngi mua khng th xut khu: FCA + Ngi bn

bc hng

16

Nhm F
(FCA, FAS, FOB)

Ngi bn giao hng cho ngi chuyn ch do ngi mua

ch nh
17

FCA- Free Carrier

Giao cho ngi chuyn ch (ni qui nh)

Ngi bn giao hng ( thng quan xut khu) cho

ngi chuyn ch do ngi mua ch nh ti ni qui
nh.

18

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 6

Giao dch thng mi quc t

FCA

Giao ti c s ca ngi bn: ngi bn bc hng

Giao ti a im khc: ngi bn khng d hng
19

FAS- Free Alongside Ship

Giao dc mn tu (cng bc hng qui nh)

Giao hng dc mn tu ti cng bc hng qui nh

20

FAS

21

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 7

Giao dch thng mi quc t

FOB- Free On Board

Giao ln tu (cng bc hng qui nh)

Giao hng qua lan can tu ti cng bc hng qui nh

22

FOB

Khng giao hng qua lan can tu: FCA

23

FOB

9Chi ph kim tra hng ha trc khi giao hng

9a im v thi im giao hng
9Ri ro trong bc hng
9Bao b khng ph hp vi vn chuyn
9Bng chng giao hng
9Tu khng n ng hn

24

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 8

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Nhm C
(CFR, CIF, CPT, CIP)

Ngi bn k hp ng vn chuyn m khng chu ri

ro hay chi ph pht sinh v hng ha xy ra sau khi bc
v gi hng.

25

CFR- Cost and Freight

Tin hng v cc ph (cng n qui nh)

Giao hng qua

q a lan can tu
t ti cng bc
bc.
Ngi bn chu cc ph vn chuyn ti cng n,
NHNG ri ro v chi ph pht sinh chuyn sang
ngi mua sau khi giao hng.

26

CFR

Khng giao hng qua lan can tu: CPT

27

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 9

Giao dch thng mi quc t

CFR
Hp ng vn chuyn:
iu kin
Tuyn ng
Loi tu
Tui tu
Cc bn chnh chng t vn ti
Hng vn ti:
Ph sn
Tu mt tch
28

CIF- Cost, Insurance and Freight

Tin hng, ph bo him v cc ph
(cng n qui nh)

Giao hng qua lan can tu ti cng bc hng

Ngi bn chu cc ph vn chuyn ti cng n,
NHNG ri ro v chi ph pht sinh chuyn sang
ngi mua sau khi giao hng.
Ngi bn mua bo him ng bin ngi mua
trnh ri ro
29

CIF

+I

Khng giao hng qua lan can tu: CIP

Bo him ch mc ti thiu

30

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 10

Giao dch thng mi quc t

CIF- Bo him

9i bo him bi thng
9Hiu lc bo him
9Phm vi bo him
9Ngi bo him
9S tin bo him
9ng tin bo him

31

CPT- Carriage Paid To

Cc ph tr ti (ni n qui nh)

Ngi bn:
Giao hng cho ngi chuyn ch do ngi bn ch
nh
Tr cc ph ti ni n qui nh

32

CPT

33

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 11

Giao dch thng mi quc t

CIP- Carriage and Insurance Paid to

Cc ph v ph bo him tr ti
( ni n qui nh)

Ngi bn:
Giao hng cho ngi chuyn ch do ngi bn ch
nh
Tr cc ph ti ni n qui nh
Mua bo him ngi mua trnh ri ro trong
chuyn ch
34

CIP

+I

Bo him ch mc ti thiu

35

Nhm D
(DAF, DES, DEQ, DDU, DDP)

Ngi bn chu ri ro v chi ph a hng ti ni n

36

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 12

Giao dch thng mi quc t

DAF- Delivered At Frontier

Giao ti bin gii (ni qui nh)

Giao hng trn phng tin vn ti ch ti ni bin gii

qui nh

37

DAF

Giao hng ti bin gii t lin

Giao hng ti cng n (trn tu/ cu cng): DES/ DEQ

38

DES -Delivered Ex Ship

Giao ti tu (cng n qui nh)

Giao hng trn tu ti cng n qui nh

39

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 13

Giao dch thng mi quc t

DES

Ngi bn chu ph tn v ri ro d hng: DEQ

40

DEQ- Delivered Ex Quay

Giao ti cu cng (cng n qui nh)

Giao hng trn cu cng ti cng n

41

DEQ

Giao hng khi d t tu ln cu cng ti cng n

Ngi bn chu ri ro v ph tn vn chuyn t cu cng
n a im khc: DDU/ DDP

42

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 14

Giao dch thng mi quc t

DDU- Delivered Duty Unpaid

Giao hng cha thng quan
(ni n qui nh)

Giao hng (cha thng quan nhp khu, cha d khi

phng tin vn ti) ti ni n qui nh

43

DDU

Giao hng ti cng n (trn tu/ cu cng): DES/ DEQ

44

DDP- Delivered Duty Paid

Giao hng thng quan (ni n qui nh)

Giao hng ( thng quan nhp khu, cha d khi

phng tin vn ti) ti ni n qui nh

45

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 15

Giao dch thng mi quc t

DDP

Ngi mua nhp khu: DDU

Giao hng ti cng n (trn tu/ cu cng): DES/ DEQ

46

III. La chn iu kin

Phng thc vn ti
a im giao hng
Phn chia chi ph v ri ro
Loi tu chuyn ch
Tnh hnh th trng hng ha

47

III. La chn iu kin

Kh nng thu phng tin vn ti v mua bo him

Th trng cc ph v ph bo him
Tnh hnh chnh tr x hi ti cc im trong hnh
trnh
Qui nh v th tc xut nhp khu
Qui nh hng dn ca Nh nc

48

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 16

Giao dch thng mi quc t

IV. Mt s lu
Dn chiu Incoterms 2000
Ngha v lin quan n giao hng hu hnh
Nhng vn khng cp
Rng buc ngha v ca pha bn kia
Khng giao hng qua lan can tu ti cng bc:
FCA, CPT, CIP thay cho FOB, CFR, CIF

49

IV. Mt s lu
Hp ng C: Gi hng (D: Hng n)
Khng b sung thut ng
S dng ng k hiu vit tt
Thng tin v tp qun
Ginh quyn thu phng tin vn ti v mua bo
him

50

51

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 17

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Mc tiu
Hiu cu trc ca hp ng ngoi thng
Son tho/ Kim tra cc iu kin ca hp
ng ngoi thng
nh
h gi
i nhng
h cch
h quii
nh
h trong hp
h ng

ngoi thng

52

Ni dung
I. Nhng iu trnh by
II. Cc iu kin
III. Ch k

53

Nhng iu trnh by

S ca H
Ngy k H
Ni k kt
Tn v a ch cc bn
Ngi i din
Nhng nh ngha
Cc ti liu km theo
Cn c k kt

54

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 18

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Cc iu kin H

iu kin r rng- ng
iu kin c bn- th yu
iu kin chung- ring

55

Tn hng- Name of the goods/ Commodity/

Description

#Ghi km tn khoa hc
#Ghi km ni sn xut
#Ghi km tn nh sn xut
#Ghi km qui cch ch yu
#Ghi km cng dng
#Ghi km m s

56

Qui cch/ phm cht -

Specification/ Quality
Tc dng:
Xc nh gi c
Kim tra ngha v giao hng ca ngi bn.

57

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 19

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Qui cch/ phm cht -Specification/

Quality
1. Mu hng- Sample
2. Tiu chun- Standard
3. Nhn hiu thng mi- Trade mark
4 Ti liu
4. li k thut-
th t Technical documents
doc ments
5. Kim tra trc khi gi hng- Pre-shipment
Inspection
6. M t- Description

58

M t- Description
Ch tiu c th:
Hm lng
Ch s nng sut
Dung trng
Kch c
M sc
Mu
Mi v
Ch tiu chung chung:
FAQ- Fair Average Quality
GMQ-Good Merchantable/ Marketable Quality
Hin trng- Tel quel/ As is sale

59

S lng- Quantity
1. n v tnh
2. a im xc nh
3. Phng php qui nh
- Qui
Q i nh chnh xc
c
- Qui nh khong chng
4. Phng php qui nh trng lng:
- Trng lng tnh- Net weight
- Trng lng c b- Gross weight

60

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 20

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Bao b- Packing
1. Cung cp bao b
(Ngi bn cung cp cng vi hng ha)
2. Chi ph v bao b
(Tnh trong gi hng)
3. Yu cu v bao b
- Qui nh c th
- Qui nh chung chung

61

K m hiu- Marking

Hng dn
C bit ha hng ha.

62

Giao hng- Delivery

1. Incoterms 2000
2. Thi hn
3. Thng bo
4.. C
Ccc qu
qui
nh khcc
- Partial shipment
- Transhipment
- Stale document
- Third party document

63

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 21

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Vn ti- Transportation

1. Phng tin vn ti
2. Hnh trnh chuyn ch
2. Thi gian phng tin vn ti n
3 Chi ph bc,
3. bc d,
d san/ xp hng
4. Tc bc d
5. Thng pht bc d

64

Bo him- Insurance
1. Cng ty bo him
2. iu kin bo him
3. S tin bo him
4 Ph bo him
4.

65

Gi c- Price
1. ng tin tnh gi
2. n v tnh gi
3. Mc n gi
Gi khng thay i:
K H
Giao hng
Gi thay i :
Gi th trng
Chi ph sn xut
4. Gim gi
5. Cc chi ph c tnh trong gi
66

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 22

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Thanh ton- Payment

1. ng tin thanh ton
2. a im thanh ton
3.Thi hn thanh ton
4. B chngg t thanh ton
5. Phng thc thanh ton
6. m bo tin t

67

Kim tra- Inspection

1.Thi gian v a im
2. Ngi kim tra
3. Phng php
ttraa to
- Kim ton b
- Kim tra i din
4. Ph tn
5. Kim tra trng lng
6. Xc nh trng lng bao b

68

Bo hnh/ Trch nhim i vi khuyt tt-

Warranty/ Defects Liability
1. Thi hn bo hnh
- Khong thi gian
+ mc tnh
+ trng hp ko di
- Mc s dng
2. Phm vi bo hnh
- Phm vi bo hnh r rng
- Phm vi bo hnh ng
3. Phm vi khng bo hnh
4. Trch nhim ca ngi bn
69

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 23

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Khiu ni Claim
1. Th thc khiu ni
2. Thi hn khiu ni
3. Thi hn gii quyt khiu ni

70

Ch ti- Sanction
1. Thc hin thc s
2. Pht
3. Bi thng thit hi c tnh
4 Bi thng thit hi thc t
4.
5. Hu hp ng

71

Trng hp bt kh khng- Force majeure

1. Nhng tiu chun

2. Lit k s kin
- c
coii l Bt kh khng
kh
- khng c coi l Bt kh khng
3. Thi hn cho php nh ch thc hin ngha v
4. Ngha v ca bn gp phi trng hp bt kh
khng

72

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 24

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Trng ti- Arbitration

1. Hi ng trng ti:
- Trng ti c t chc
- Trng
g ti Ad hoc
2. Ph trng ti
3. Phn quyt ca trng ti

73

Cc iu kin khc- Other terms

Lut p dng
Th thc thay i, b sung, hy b hp ng
Hiu lc ca hp ng
Chuyn nhng quyn li v u thc ngha v
C ti
Cm i xut
hng
h ha
h
Ngn ng ca hp ng
.

74

Ch k- Signatures
# Ch k y
# Bt mc
# Bn son tho hp ng k bn phi

75

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 25

Giao dch thng mi quc t

76

Thng thng:
Trc tip
Mi ni, mi lc
T do tha thun iu kin
c lp

77

Bun bn i ng- Counter trade

Lin kt 2 giao dch xut khu

Trnh kh khn:
-Hng ha
-ng tin

78

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 26

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Bun bn i ng- Cc hnh thc

i hng- Barter
Tha thun b tr- Compensation agreement
Mua i ng- Counter purchase
Mua li sn phm- Buy-back
Bi hon (Offset)
Chuyn giao ngha v- Switch trading
Tha thun hp tc- Co-operation agreement

79

Yu cu cn bng
Hng ha
Gi c
iu kin thng mi quc t
Thi gian giao hng

80

m bo thc hin
Bn hng
Gi c
Ngi th ba
Standby L/C
Pht, bi thng
Mua hng
Reciprocal L/C
Standby L/C
Ti khon
81

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 27

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Ti xut khu- Re-exportation

Xut khu hng ha nhp khu cha qua
ch bin

82

K thut nghip v
Hp ng nhp khu Hp ng xut khu

Cung ln Cu ln

Quan h cung cu bin ng

Hng
ha
Qui cch phm cht

Bao b, k m hiu

S lng S lng

83

K thut nghip v

Hp ng nhp khu Hp ng xut khu

Giao
Giao hng trc/ cng Giao hng sau/ cng
hng
E, F C, D

84

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 28

Giao dch thng mi quc t

K thut nghip v
Hp ng nhp khu Hp ng xut khu

Gi quc t Gi quc t

Gi Thanh ton sau, tng phn Thanh ton trc/ ngay, ton b
c,
thanh D/A D/P
ton
Back to back L/C Master L/C

T/T Transferable L/C

B chng t B chng t
85

K thut nghip v

Hp ng nhp khu Hp ng xut khu

Khiu
Thi hn Thi hn
ni

H s H s

86

u gi- Auction
Bn hng cng khai
a im, thi gian nht nh
Trng by hng ha => xem
h
hng
Cnh tranh tr gi
Bn cho ngi tr gi cao nht

87

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 29

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Cc loi u gi
u gi c bo lu- Auction with reserve
u gi khng bo lu- Auction without
reserve

88

Cch thc tin hnh

Chun b
Phn l
Xy dng th l
ngg tin
Mc tr gi ti thiu
Phng php
t cc
Qung co
Trng by
89

Cch thc tin hnh

u gi
Oral Sealed
English
g (( pprice)) 2nd Price
Dutch ( price) 1st Price

90

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 30

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Cch thc tin hnh

K hp ng
t cc
Thanh ton
Giao hng

91

u thu- Tender/ Bidding

Mua sm c bit
Cnh tranh cung cp hng ha, dch v
iu kin cng b trc
Gi c v iu kin thun li nht

92

Cc loi u thu

M rng
Hn ch
Ring l

93

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 31

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Cc loi u thu
C st hch
Khng c st hch

94

Cc loi u thu
Thun ty
Kt hp m phn

95

Cch thc tin hnh

Gi thu
Xy dng th l
Thu nhn n thu
n thu kt hp
n thu 2 thnh phn
Mt
M giai
i i on

Hai giai on
M thu
Kn
Cng khai
nh gi n thu
K hp ng
96

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 32

Giao dch thng mi quc t

i l- Agent
c ngi y thc (principal) cho php i
din/ thay mt trong quan h vi ngi th
ba (khch hng)

97

Cc loi i l
Phm vi y thc
i l ton quyn
Tng i l
i l ring bit
Mc
M y th
thc
Mi gii
Hoa hng
Kinh doanh
Khc
Khi cn thit
c quyn
m bo thanh ton 98

Hp ng i l
Cc bn
Hng ha
Khu vc
Gi c
Th lao
Chi ph
Ngha v ca ngi y thc
Ngha v ca ngi i l
Th thc thay i, hy b, ko di hp ng
Gii quyt tranh chp
99

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 33

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Gia cng- Processing

Bn giao gia cng cung cp nguyn liu/
bn thnh phm
Bn nhn gia cng sn xut v giao li
thnh phm/ bn thnh phm

100

Cc hnh thc
Mc gia cng
Cung cp nguyn vt liu
Ton b
Mt phn
Thanh
h h ton tin
i nguyn vt li
liu
Khng thanh ton
Thanh ton
Gi gia cng
Gi khon
Chi ph thc t
101

Hp ng gia cng
Cc bn
Nguyn liu
Thnh phm
Gi gia cng
Thanh ton
Nghim thu
Gii quyt tranh chp

102

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 34

Giao dch thng mi quc t

THC HIN HP NG
ngoi thng mi

Thc hin hp ng xut khu

Thc hin hp ng nhp khu
103

Thc hin hp ng xut khu

Kim tra kh nng thanh ton
Chun b hng ho
Xin giy php xut khu
Thu phng tin vn ti
L th ttc hi quan
Lm
Giao hng
Mua bo him
Yu cu thanh ton
Gii quyt khiu ni

104

Kim tra kh nng thanh ton

Kim tra L/C
Ph hp vi hp ng
Yu cu r rng, d thc hin
m bo th
thu tin
Kim tra PB
Ti khon k thc

105

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 35

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Chun b hng ho
To ngun hng
ng gi bao b
K k m hiu
Kim tra hng ha

106

To ngun hng
Thu mua
t gia cng, ch bin
i l thu mua
Nhn u thc
Lin kt

107

ng gi bao b
Hp ng
L/C
Hng ha
Vn ti
Kh hu
Lut php, thu quan

108

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 36

Giao dch thng mi quc t

K k m hiu
Ni dung: Yu cu:
K m hiu tiu D thy, d c
chun Khng phai, khng
K m hiu thng tin nho
K m hiu bc d Khng nh hng
K m hiu c bit n cht lng
Thng nht

109

Kim tra hng ha

Ni dung H s
S lng Giy yu cu
Cht lng Bn sao hp ng
Kim dch Bn sao L/C
V sinh Ly giy chng nhn

110

Xin giy php xut khu

Trng hp qun l bng giy php

111

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 37

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Thu phng tin vn ti

Nhm C, D
K hp ng thu tu chuyn/ Lp giy lu
cc tu ch (Booking Note)

112

Lm th tc hi quan
Khai bo
Xut trnh hng ha
Thc hin quyt nh

113

Giao hng v thng bo

Giao hng
Ph hp vi hp ng
ng phng tin vn ti
ng thi gian,
gian a im
Ly chng t hon ho
Thng bo giao hng

114

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 38

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Mua bo him
CIF, CIP
Theo hp ng, L/C
Nhm D
Hng
H ha
h
Vn chuyn
Bao b,

115

Yu cu thanh ton
Lp b chng t hp l
Xut trnh ng thi hn

116

Gii quyt khiu ni

Xem xt:
Thi hn khiu ni
H s khiu ni
Gii quyt:
t
Cht lng
S lng
Thi hn giao hng

117

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 39

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Thc hin hp ng nhp khu

m bo thanh ton
Xin giy php nhp khu
Thu phng tin vn ti
Mua bo him

Lm th tc hi quan
Tip nhn v kim tra hng ha
Thanh ton
Khiu ni
118

m bo thanh ton
M L/C
M PB
M ti khon k thc

119

Xin giy php nhp khu

Trng hp qun l bng giy php

120

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 40

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Thu phng tin vn ti

Nhp khu nhm E, F

121

Mua bo him

Nhm E, F, iu kin CFR, CPT

iu kin CIF, CIP
Xem xt:
Tnh cht
hng ha
Bao b
Vn chuyn

122

Giy yu cu bo him
Tn ngi c bo him
Hng ha
Bao b, k m hiu (*)
S lng
T tu/
Tn t / phng
h tin
ti vn
chuyn
h (*)
Cch thc xp hng
Ni bt u vn chuyn, chuyn ti, ni nhn
Ngy thng phng tin khi hnh (*)
Gi tr v s tin bo him
iu kin bo him
Ni thanh ton bi thng
(*): C th khai bo b sung sau 123

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 41

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Lm th tc hi quan
H s:
Bn sao B/L
Lnh giao hng (D/O)

124

Tip nhn v kim tra hng ha

Yu cu:
Nhanh chng
Pht hin tn tht => lp bin bn

125

Thanh ton
Kim tra b chng t/ hng ha

126

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 42

Giao dch thng mi quc t

Khiu ni
Ngi bn
Hp ng mua bn
ng thi hn
yy chng
g t
Ngi chuyn ch
Chng t vn ti
Ngi bo him
n/ Giy chng nhn bo him

127

T Bnh Minh- MEcon. 43