Atmosfera standard

= 288.15
= 101325 =1 = 1.01325
= 1.225 /
= 28.964 /
= 9.80665 /
!
= 8315
"#
& (
% = & ')( , = 6356.577 altitudinea geopotentiala
'

= , + ., /% %, 1, 2 = 0, . . ,7

3
= =
3%

9:
5 8 =
= , 457 , ., 0,
6 ;: <6

BC /DBD6 1
= , ?@ A E: 56
F, ., = 0 = ,
Zile reci, calde si tropicale (cold, hot, tropical days) (Profile atmosferice de temperatura)

= , + ., /% %, 1, 2 = 0, . . ,7
Atmosfera politropa
J' J' LBK
1 3 KBL K M L M
=%% = I = L
I B
L3 = N1 8 = O= / 1
M1 M1
J J

M1 6.5 M1
= , ., = 0 11 , = 0.0065 = 0.0065
M M

M = 1.235 M3 3 = "#2 " 2Q

L
M 1 LBK
= 81 =
M

K
M 1 LBK
= 81 =
M

RST / = 01 44

Efectele umiditatii asupra densitatii:

mv
x= [kg vapori de ap/kg aer uscat]
ma

p vV pV mv Ra p v M v p v R R
mv = , ma = a x= = = , Ra = M , Rv = M ,
RvT Ra T ma Rv p a M a p a Ma Mv

M v = 18.016 [kg/kmol]; M a = 28.96 [kg/kmol]

m
m = ma + mv = ma 1 + v = ma (1 + x)
ma
 v
= 100
s
pv pv p s ps
x = 0.622 = 0.622 = 0.622 , x s = 0.622 la saturatie
pa p B pv p B p s pB ps
T p M H 2O 18
v = N ,v N v , N ,v = V =
22.4
= 0.804[kg/m3N ]
T pN MN
273 p v
v = 0.804 [kg / m 3 ]
T 760
p (T ) 273 ps (T ) kg
s = s = 0,804
RvT T 760 m 3

V = Va + Vv legea lui Amagat mv = ma v a + mv vv , m a (1 + x )v = m a (v a + xvv )

v a + xv v RT RT R M 28.96
v= , v a = a , vv = v , v = a = = 1.61
1+ x p p Ra M v 18.016

T 1 + 1.61x 1 p 1+ x 1+ x
v = 287 umed = = = uscat
p 1+ x v 287T (1 + 1.61x ) (1 + 1.61x )

`
\ K
lgX Y / 1Z = [ 5 ]lg / 1 Ecuatia Dupre Y/ 1= 10 _B
a
5^

[ = 21.758, b = 2960.17, ] = 5.3793

Uneori se precizeza temperatura de roua Tr

Ecuatia Tetens

K .cde
Y / & 1 = 4.5831125 10 =
K.fde )g h.Kg
i

Constanta specifica a aerului umed

i S
=j , , = i + S, S = i

=
kYnSd kYnSd kYnSd
kRlm = = =
1 i
/1 S
1 1 i
/1 0.6221 1 + 0.378 i
i