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Valve Flow Coefficient Equations

The document provides equations for calculating flow rate (Q) through pipes and valves under different flow conditions: 1. For incompressible liquid flow, the flow rate is calculated using the valve flow coefficient (Cv), pressure drop, liquid specific gravity, and other constants. 2. For low and high pressure gas flow, two different equations are provided to calculate flow rate based on whether the outlet pressure is above or below half the inlet pressure. These equations use Cv, pressures, temperature, gas specific gravity and other constants. 3. Additional equations are given for calculating Cv for water, viscous liquids, and gas flow using variables like flow rate, pressures, viscosities, temperatures, specific gravities and other

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654 views4 pages

Valve Flow Coefficient Equations

The document provides equations for calculating flow rate (Q) through pipes and valves under different flow conditions: 1. For incompressible liquid flow, the flow rate is calculated using the valve flow coefficient (Cv), pressure drop, liquid specific gravity, and other constants. 2. For low and high pressure gas flow, two different equations are provided to calculate flow rate based on whether the outlet pressure is above or below half the inlet pressure. These equations use Cv, pressures, temperature, gas specific gravity and other constants. 3. Additional equations are given for calculating Cv for water, viscous liquids, and gas flow using variables like flow rate, pressures, viscosities, temperatures, specific gravities and other

Uploaded by

Amol
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLSX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

For Incompressible liquid flow

Q= N1Cv (p/ Gf)


Cv flow coefficient
Q flow rate
p1 inlet pressure
p2 outlet pressure
Dp pressure drop (p1 p2)
Gf liquid specific gravity (water = 1.0)
Gg gas specific gravity (air = 1.0)
N1, N2 constants for units
T1 absolute upstream temperature:
K C + 273
R F + 460
For Low and High Pressure Drop Gas flow
Q = N2Cv P1 (1- 2p/3P1)( p/P1GgT1) Q = 0.471N2Cv P1 ( 1/GgT1)
if P2 >1/2 P1 if P2 <1/2 P1
Cv flow coefficient Cv flow coefficient
Q flow rate Q flow rate
P1 inlet pressure P1 inlet pressure
P2 outlet pressure P2 outlet pressure
p pressure drop (p1 p2) p pressure drop (p1 p2)
Gf liquid specific gravity (water = 1.0) Gf liquid specific gravity (water = 1.0)
Gg gas specific gravity (air = 1.0) Gg gas specific gravity (air = 1.0)
N1, N2 constants for units N1, N2 constants for units
T1 absolute upstream temperature: T1 absolute upstream temperature:
K C + 273 K C + 273
R F + 460 R F + 460
Equations

Water

Cv = Q / (SQRT (P1 - P2)) (Eqn. 1)

Where:
Cv = valve sizing coeffecient
Q = flow rate in Gallons Per Minute
P1 = upstream pressure
P2 = downstream pressure
Viscous Liquid

Turbulent Flow
FpCv = (Q/(N1 * Fr)) * SQRT(SG/(P1-P2)) (Eqn. 2)
Laminar Flow

FpCv = (1/Fs)((Q*U)/(N10*(P1-P2)))^2/3 (Eqn. 3)


CvRatio = (Eqn. 2) / (Eqn. 3) (Eqn. 4)
If CvRatio < .46, use Eqn. 3, else use Eqn. 2.

Where:

Cv = valve sizing coeffecient


Q = flow in Gallons Per Minute
U = viscosity in centipoise
P1 = upstream pressure in psi (psi)
P2 = downstream pressure in psi (psi)
N1 = 1.0, units constant
N10 = 52.3, units constant
Fp = 1.0, correction factor for piping around valve (adjust for your
conditions)
Fr = 1.0, Reynolds factor, turbulent flow
Fs = 1.05, valve factor for plug valve

Gas
Cv = Q/(16.05 * SQRT((P1^2 - P2^2)/(SG * (T+460)))) (Eqn. 5)
Where:
Cv = valve sizing coeffecient
Q = flow in SCFM
P1 = upstream pressure in psia
P2 = downstream pressure in psia
SG = Specific Gravity
T = temperature in degrees F
Nomenclature CV = Valve Flow Coefficient.
DB =
Inside Diameter of Valve Body Outlet =
Inches. See Table 5. DP =
Inside Diameter of Outlet Pipe = Inches.
FF =
Liquid Critical Pressure Ratio Factor: Fk =
Ratio of specific Heats Factor. FL =
Liquid Pressure Recovery Factor. FL Required
= The FL factor to avoid Choked Flow. FL
Rated = The FL factor rated for individual
Trim Styles. See Table 4. FP = Piping
Geometry Factor, If the valve size and pipe
size are equal us 1.0, if not refer to ISA 75.01
section 4.3. FR = Reynolds Number Factor,
Normally = 1.0 but varies with very slow fluid
velocities or very viscous fluids. Refer to ISA
75.01 section 4.4. Gf = Specific Gravity of a
Liquid relative to water at 60 F. Gg = Specific
Gravity of a Vapor relative to air at 60 F 14.7
PSIA. k = Ratio of specific Heats. See Table 3.
KC = Cavitation Index. See Table 4. M =
Molecular Weight. See Table 3. P1 = Valve
Inlet Pressure (psia). P2 = Valve Outlet
Pressure (psia). PC = Fluids Critical Pressure
(psia). See Table 3. PV = Fluids Vapor
Pressure (psia). Q = Volumetric Flow Rate:
Liquids (GPM) Vapor (SCFH) T = Fluid
Temperature in Degrees Rankine. R = F +
460. V2 = Specific Volume of vapor, either
gas or steam = Ft.3 / Lb. W = Mass Flow Rate
= Lb./Hr. x = Pressure Drop Ratio. xT =
Maximum Pressure Drop Ratio, varies with
Trim Style. See Table 4. Y = Fluid Expansion
Factor for vapor flow. Z = Compressibility
Factor for vapor flow. Usually 1.0. Refer ISA
Handbook of Control Valves, 2nd Edition,
pages 488-490. = Specific Weight = Lb./Ft.3

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