Chapter 09

CONTENTS
9-1 Simple Past Tense: Using Where, Why, When, and What Time
9-2 Questions with What
9-3 Questions with Who and Whom
9-4 Simple Past Tense: Irregular Verbs (Group 5)
9-7 Before and After in Time Clauses
9-8 When in Time Clauses
9-9 Present Progressive and Past Progressive
9-10 Using While with the Past Progressive
9-11 Simple Past Tense vs. Past Progressive
9-1 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: USING WHERE, WHY, WHEN,
AND WHAT TIME
Where did you go?
3
AND WHAT TIME
QUESTION SHORT ANSWER
(a) Did you go home? Yes, I did.

No, I didnt.
(b) Where did you go? Home.
(c) Were you at home? Yes, I was.

No, I wasnt.
(d) Where were you? Home.
4
AND WHAT TIME
QUESTION SHORT ANSWER
(e) Did you drive because Yes, I did.

you were late? No, I didnt.
(f) Why did you drive? Because I was
late.
(g) Did Ali go at six? Yes, he did.
No, he didnt.
(h) When
did Ali go? At six.
What time
5
AND WHAT TIME
WHAT TIME WHEN

(i) What time did Ali go? (j) When did Ali go?
At four. At four.
Twelve oclock. Twelve oclock.
Around 4:30. Around 4:30.
various
On Friday.
Last month.
November 29th.
6
9-1 Lets Practice
_______
Why did To learn English.
_______
you go to (I went to class to
______?
class learn English.)
7
9-1 Lets Practice
Did you eat

_________
breakfast
________? Yes, I did.
(I ate breakfast.)
8
9-1 Lets Practice
Nothing.
_____________
What did you eat (I didnt eat
for breakfast
____________? breakfast.)
9
9-2 QUESTIONS WITH WHAT
What did Joe see?
10
QUESTION + HELPING + SUBJECT + MAIN

WORD VERB VERB
(a) Did Joe see a bat?
Yes, he did.
He saw a bat.
(b) What did Joe see?

A bat.
He saw a bat.
11
QUESTION + HELPING + SUBJECT + MAIN

WORD VERB VERB
(c) Is Jen eating an
apple?
Yes, she is.
Shes eating an apple.
(d) What is Jen eating?

An apple.
Shes eating an apple.
12
S V O
(e) Sam drank some milk.
some milk object of the verb
O V S V
(f) What did Sam drink?
What object of the verb
13
9-2 Lets Practice
What did they see

__________________?
A movie.
SHORT ANSWER
They saw a movie.

LONG ANSWER
14
9-2 Lets Practice
What did you get for your birthday

_______________________________?
A computer.
SHORT ANSWER
I got a computer for my

birthday.
LONG ANSWER
15
9-2 Lets Practice
What do they like to do

______________________?
Fish.
SHORT ANSWER
They like to fish.

LONG ANSWER
16
9-3 QUESTIONS WITH WHO AND WHOM
Who did you see?
17
QUESTION ANSWER
(a) What did she see? A bird.

She saw a bird.
(b) Who did she see? Oscar.

She saw Oscar.
What things
Who people
18
QUESTION ANSWER
(c) Who did she see? Oscar.

She saw Oscar.
(d) Whom did she see? Oscar.

She saw Oscar.
Whom
same meaning
Who
19
Whom formal English
Who everyday English
20
QUESTION ANSWER
O
(e) Who(m) did she see? Oscar.
O
She saw Oscar.
Who(m) object of verb
21
QUESTION ANSWER
S
(f) Who came? S
S Zoe. Zoe came.
(g) Who did that? S
Pedro. Pedro did that.
S
(h) Who knows her? S
Lea. Lea knows her.
22
9-3 Lets Practice
Mariella emailed Abe. Abe read the

message. Abe called Mariella.
Who emailed Abe? Mariella.

Who read the email? Abe.
Who called Mariella. Abe.
23
9-3 Lets Practice
Jalal bought a new car. His daughter,

Amin, borrowed it. She took Jane for a
ride.
Who bought a new car? Jalal.
Who borrowed it? Amin.
Who went for a ride with Amin?

Jane.
24
9-4 SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 5)
How much did your car cost?
25
PRESENT PAST
cost cost
How much does How much did
it cost ? it cost last year?
26
PRESENT PAST
forget forgot
Did I forget your I forgot your birthday
birthday? last year.
27
PRESENT PAST
give gave
She gives me Yesterday she
very nice gifts. gave me a CD.
28
PRESENT PAST
cut cut
hit hit
hurt hurt
lend lent
make made
shut shut
spend spent
understand understood
29
9-4 Lets Practice
Did you shut Yes, I shut

the oven door? the oven door.
30
9-4 Lets Practice
Did you make Yes, I made it

that cake for me? for your birthday.
31
9-4 Lets Practice
Sometimes I spend I know. Last

too much money. week you spent
$200.
32
The wind blew very

hard yesterday.
33
PRESENT PAST
blow blew
Sometimes the Last week it
wind blows hard. blew very hard.
34
PRESENT PAST
grow grew
He grows tomatoes He grew many
in his garden. tomatoes last year.
35
PRESENT PAST
swim swam
We swim in the We swam in the
ocean in the ocean last summer.
summer.
36
PRESENT PAST
draw drew
fall fell
feel felt
keep kept
know knew
throw threw
win won
37
9-5 Lets Practice
What did you I grew tomatoes,

grow in your carrots, and beets.
garden?
38
9-5 Lets Practice
Sometimes I know. He fell

he falls off his off his bicycle
bicycle. yesterday.
39
Teresa became a dentist.
40
PRESENT PAST
become became
You can become Alisa became a

a doctor. doctor last year.
41
PRESENT PAST
build built
My mom builds She built a new
office buildings. one in our city.
42
PRESENT PAST
bend bent
bite bit
feed fed
fight fought
hide hid
hold held
shake shook
43
9-6 Lets Practice
hide hid
When I am scared, I ____.
hide Yesterday
I saw a snake. I ___.
hid
44
9-6 Lets Practice
hide hid
What did I do
when I saw
You ___.
hid
the snake?
45
9-6 Lets Practice
feed fed
Every afternoon, we ____
feed the horses.
We ___
fed them today at 3 oclock.
46
9-6 Lets Practice
feed fed
What did we do at 3:00 this afternoon?

fed the horses .
You ____________
47
9-7 BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES
They ate dinner

before I arrived.
We ate dessert
after I arrived.
48
S V
(a) They ate dinner. = a main clause
a complete sentence
S V
(b) before I arrived = a time clause
an incomplete sentence
49
S V
(c) They ate dinner before I arrived.
main clause time clause
S V
(d) Before I arrived, they ate dinner.
time clause main clause
A time clause must connect

with a main clause.
50
They ate dinner before I arrived.

51
Before I arrived, they ate dinner.

time clause, main clause
52
S V
(d) Before I arrived, they ate dinner.
time clause
S V
(e) We ate dessert after I arrived.
time clause
before + S + V time clauses

after + S + V
53
(e) We ate dessert after I arrived.

(f) After I arrived, we ate dessert.

time clause main clause
54
N
(g) I read a book after dinner.
prep. phrase
N
(h) I watched TV before dinner.
prep. phrase
after + noun prepositional

= phrase
before + noun
55
9-7 Lets Practice
time clause ? main clause ?
Before we moved to Maryland,
we lived in California.
56
9-7 Lets Practice
I studied very hard
before the test.
57
9-7 Lets Practice
After we studied,
we went out.
58
9-8 WHEN IN TIME CLAUSES
When the rain stopped,

we took a walk.
59
(a) When the rain stopped, we took a walk.

OR
We took a walk when the rain stopped.
time clauses
When can introduce a time clause.
60
(b) When Arnoldo was young, he lived in Peru.

OR
Arnoldo lived in Peru when he was young.
noun pronoun
(Arnoldo) (he)
61
(c) When did the snow stop? = a question
a question = a complete sentence
(d) when the snow stopped = a time clause
a time clause = not a sentence
62
9-8 Lets Practice
When he served dinner,
A. I went to a party.
B. I sat down to eat.
C. she began exercising.
63
9-8 Lets Practice
When she went swimming,
A. she climbed a mountain.

B. she bought a tiger.
C. she got wet.
64
9-8 Lets Practice
When Josey wore her new shoes,
A. her feet hurt.

B. when she went to school.
C. we ran home.
65
9-9 PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND PAST
PROGRESSIVE
It is 7P.M. now.
Alexis is shopping.
Yesterday at 7P.M.,
Alexis was shopping.
66
PROGRESSIVE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE
(a) Its noon now. Angie is eating lunch.
PAST PROGRESSIVE
(b) I saw her at noon yesterday.

She was eating lunch.
67
PROGRESSIVE
PRESENT PROGRESSIVE FORM:

AM + -ING
(c) Its noon. I am eating lunch.
IS + -ING
Its noon. Jung is eating lunch.
ARE + -ING
Its noon. We are eating lunch.
68
PROGRESSIVE
PAST PROGRESSIVE FORM:
(d) It was noon.

WAS + -ING
Jung was eating lunch.
WERE + -ING
We were going to class.
69
9-9 Lets Practice
look
When I saw my teacher,

she ___________
was looking at her
watch. She was late.
70
9-9 Lets Practice
take
When I arrived, the students

were taking
__________the test.
71
9-9 Lets Practice
sit
When the class started, he

_________
was sitting in his seat.
72
9-9 Lets Practice
start
end
Mary went to her yoga

class last night. The
class _______
started at 5:00
and ______
ended at 7:00.
73
9-10 USING WHILE WITH THE PAST PROGRESSIVE
She had fun while she was flying.
74
(a) She had fun while she was flying.

(b) While she was flying, she had fun.
while + subject + verb = a time clause
75
(a) She had fun while she was flying.

(b) While she was flying, she had fun.
activity in progress
activity happened
76
9-10 Lets Practice
He was fixing his car.

He hurt his back.
he was fixing his car,

While ___________
he _________his
hurt back.
77
9-10 Lets Practice
It started snowing.
I was driving to work.
I was driving to work
While ____________________,
it________________.
started snowing
78
9-10 Lets Practice
He was running to work.

He looked at his watch.
was running to work

While he _________________,
he looked at his watch
___________________.
He looked at his watch while

___________________
he was running to work
_______________________.
79
9-11 SIMPLE PAST TENSE vs. PAST PROGRESSIVE
Kyung emailed me
last week.
I was studying when

Kyung emailed me.
80
Simple Past
(a) Kyung emailed me this morning.
(b) I studied for two hours on Monday.
(c) We visited my mom on Saturday.
(d) They watched a movie last night.
began and ended

at a time in the past
81
Past Progressive
(e) I was cooking when Jill came over
last night.
(f) While I was cooking last night, Jill
came over.
activity in progress when

another action happened
82
(g) I ordered dinner when the waiter came over.

second first
83
COMPARE
1 2
(h) When the movie ended, I walked out.
2 1
(i) When the movie ended, I was walking
out.
84
9-11 Lets Practice
ring go
When the bell ____,

rang we ____
went
home.
85
9-11 Lets Practice
sleep run away
While I was
___________,
sleeping
my dog ________.
ran away
86
9-11 Lets Practice
meet live
When I ___
met my wife, I
________
was living in Berlin.
87
PHOTO CREDITS
Images used under license from:

Shutterstock, Inc.
Clipart.com
88

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Chapter 09

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CONTENTS

Where did you go?

QUESTION SHORT ANSWER

(a) Did you go home? Yes, I did.

(c) Were you at home? Yes, I was.

(d) Where were you? Home.

QUESTION SHORT ANSWER

(e) Did you drive because Yes, I did.

WHAT TIME WHEN

Did you eat

What did Joe see?

QUESTION + HELPING + SUBJECT + MAIN

(b) What did Joe see?

QUESTION + HELPING + SUBJECT + MAIN

(d) What is Jen eating?

some milk object of the verb

What object of the verb

What did they see

They saw a movie.

What did you get for your birthday

I got a computer for my

What do they like to do

They like to fish.

Who did you see?

(a) What did she see? A bird.

(b) Who did she see? Oscar.

(c) Who did she see? Oscar.

(d) Whom did she see? Oscar.

Whom formal English

Who everyday English

Who(m) object of verb

Mariella emailed Abe. Abe read the

Who emailed Abe? Mariella.

Jalal bought a new car. His daughter,

Who went for a ride with Amin?

How much did your car cost?

Did you shut Yes, I shut

Did you make Yes, I made it

Sometimes I spend I know. Last

The wind blew very

What did you I grew tomatoes,

Sometimes I know. He fell

Teresa became a dentist.

You can become Alisa became a

What did we do at 3:00 this afternoon?

They ate dinner

A time clause must connect

They ate dinner before I arrived.

Before I arrived, they ate dinner.

before + S + V time clauses

(e) We ate dessert after I arrived.

(f) After I arrived, we ate dessert.

after + noun prepositional

time clause ? main clause ?

Before we moved to Maryland,

time clause ? main clause ?

I studied very hard

before the test.

time clause ? main clause ?

When the rain stopped,

(a) When the rain stopped, we took a walk.

When can introduce a time clause.

(b) When Arnoldo was young, he lived in Peru.