Ocrpardpxns ‘gov Aéeumr (raS:qpév0s) oyediicer mv e56iGN TOY emxeiphoewr evavtiov rou ‘Aérvyxpavr pe my Bo9e1a TOU ‘orparnyou Epix Xénvep (69105 e8id). Eva an6 va toaymdteoa mequotatixd tov B’ Hayxoopiou Hoképou fray n zoALogxta tov Aévevyxoavt ad ty BEguaxt. Kata ™m Sudguerd tng, wegtztov 1.000.000 xdrouxor tng wpaias auttis UOANS Kal TwV TEQLLHOOY tng éXaoav TH Coot} TOUS ad TOUS exOoinods BopBagdiowots, ts mohewunés emtxeuorjocts, to xQvO, OMG xupio ad thy aottia now THs aobéveles TOV auTH MOONdAEDE. AUTOS O EH | amtotevta peyGlos aguuds vexouv o€ wooguia was pOvov méAng mooxaiel dé0s, av avadoytobel xaveis Ott ot avOgcirtivEs } amibheves tng Meydng Boetaviag xat twv HITA oe dan ty didgneva fi tov moAguou Sev unteosBauvav tig 800.000. H noMopKta A&VIVyKpavt To énog tov 900 nhepov 62 Toropixt: OsuaraZobierixé épya Haxns ev Kivtioer oroug nayanévous ~ Bpépous rou AévivyKpavr, Teapyiog NikoAovdng Zuvraypardpyns €.0, plv apyioei o ndEpo, to AévivyKpavt, we Tn Suops 2.544.000 KaTotKous, | [ tray n Sebtepn oe pEyeSog néAn THE Evwong FoaahiovIKav FoBieTKGY AnyoKpatiay (EXEA) je weyéhn noArrinh, oxkovopiRA, roAMoTiN KaL oTpaTHYIKE onpacia. Eixe pudei to 1703 and tov Meyaho Nétpo pe to dvoya Ayia Mleypotno- Jn (Gankt Petersourg) kai umipge npwretiouea mg Pwortig autoKparoplag yéxpt tov Maptio Tou 1918. Kard tov A’ Mlaykéoyto Méheyo, érav 01 Fepyavol eruréSnKav om Pact, 0 yeppavixég thnog tou ovéuatos (FlétepounoupyK) aveiKaractéonKe ané Tov pwork6 NétpoyKpavt yéxpt to 1924, ondre n Tn jNeTOvOLAaSNKE ASviv- Ykpavt Herd tov Savato tou apxnyol ms KopYoUNIeTIKTIg ertavdotaong AEvIK To 1917, evi n roapurr} Pwoia BptoKétav ce nAeWo He Tig KevTpiKés AUVaweIc (feppyavia kat Avotpoouyyapia), exdnAdenKe oto Métpoyxpavt kal emmKpatnGe Ge An TH XGpan KoYOUVLoTIr enavdotaon, TEre o Aévv anéoupe my EZEA ané tov niékepo kat uréypaye pe Th Tepwavia my endBuvn via TH Puoia ouverjKn tou Mnipe- ot-ATégoK, ue THY OTlO{a THE MapaxwpOtoE TEpdotIes eBAGIKES exTACEIG, ZHUpU- va je Tous 6poug aurtiig Tg CUVEH{KNG, pESNKaV OTA ed4pn Me ToApIKFS PwwOiag Ta tpla Badrkd Kp, 1 AiGouavia, n Aetovia Kat n EoBovia, Eniong, to ToapIKG Meytito AouKéro mg OwhavBiag yetarparnKe ac avekGpmto Kpditog. Mera tH hii- En Tou noAEHOU kat TAY Fra tng FepHaviag, n oUvEHKN TOU MripeOT-ArT6QOK axU- pa8nKe, ahd o1 vientés Zoppayor (Tada, MeyéAn Bpstavia kau HITA) avayvGplocy THY avegapmola tw véwy KpaTiOY ata onola eyKaBlSpuddV SnyoKOATIKA TioktTed- haa, H ZoBteTuKH| Evwon emxeipnae va avarpéipe my Kardoraon HE TY ExoBOh} Tou oTparod mE oTa Tpla Bahruxd Kp, ahAd xwpig eretuyla, Exot, to 1922 ava- ywtopioe Thy aveEapmoia Yous kat unéypaye xaptorée cuveriKes elprivns, Totoptxd Oéuara 63 Zobier1KO! ‘otpariires ‘ovaxcrraAapGévouy nuhuarras c1Snpodpounniig Yeauis Kovrd oro Tie, ekaogadizorras my enavacdvéeon Tou AévivyKpave ye my unésomn Pasia.‘ Mia e63oud5a npwv n Feppavia evaB4det THY flodwvia Kat apxloet o BY Mayno= ‘540g Mhewos 01 560 xOpeC, EEEA kai Feppavia, undypayay orn Méoxa éva oH 1 pave un eriéoows dtdpKetag Séka evibv, moots ux Eduquvo Piunevtpor-Mohs- | Two, ané Ta ovéyaTa Tay UrToUPYaV Egwrepkay Tav Bio yopév. Eto obpowvO aU- 16 mpocapMONKe Kat Eva WUOTIKE TIpUTSKOAAO He To oTTo{0 MoOBAEnrav n Biavo~ Ut Tg Flokaviag Kar tov BadtKiv Kary avdpeoa ovis 660 yéopes, Kavovtas XPr- on autod Tou cUppAvOU, o ZraAwv pera thy KaTEANON Tg WAG Flokaviag eFava- ‘yaa 1a Tpia wikpa Badtukd Kpary va unoypaypouy cuveriKes “auorBaiag Boridet- a¢” nou tooduvapoccay we MY KaTaAN Yr TOUS aNd Tig CoBleTIKES SuvGpEIC, Mea WABe n oeIpd me OwAavBiac, Ard Tm IKEA AUTH YOoa Twv 4.000.000 Karolkuy o EtG Gfmoe thy «Bievséron tov ouvépav, KaSKig Kau MY Bera va KaTaAABeL TEvTEe VNOId oTOV O1vAavBIKS KATO Kai va YBpiost pla vauTIKF B6N OTH XeBOOVT G0 Hango, otny eic0do tou idtou KdAriou. Ot OwAavdoi apvij9nKav. Etat, ott¢ 30 No- eGpiou 1999 0 EpuSpég Exparés ciaéBade orn ywopa. Mapa tig apxKés enruxles Twv dwhavdiv, 0 MdAELOG, TOU OvOHADINKE “YEluEpIVves MOAEHOS" Hh “"ROAEHOG Tov 100 neepwv", TeppatioSnKe orig 6 Maptiou 1940 ye Htta Tw OwwAavdov Kat pous aKoun oKAnpStEpoUG aT Tig apxIKés arLarTfaerG TOU EGAN ' H TEPMANIKH EIZEBOAH ZTHN EZZA Meré my firra mg FaANlac (22 louviou 1940) xax my avaBoht ng etoBokg oT Ayia, o Xithep éotpewe Ty Tpodoyt} Tou omy NpoeToania TOU MOAEYOU eva | To Aévwyxpavr xay “OV MG EBEA. Ot oxonoi kat o tpériog BieEaywytig TOU avakdovray omy oBnyla Tenpodenté rou. (Weisung) ap. 21 tng 18ng Aexey!Gofou 1940. H erexeipnon, 1 onota elke my Kou ' poi | Kéhn0% DivAavbiag Dorion Emp _Eyebudon xéoen: Bhumrpa Mnrood / ExBéoets NeproxSmo 64 lotopixd: Ofuara || Kélir0¢ Owvhavbiog Opsieyprogas i f i i , ag a £ i eS : Tow = Ain tier ts Toho Byebidon xdpin: Aumtpa Mycood /ExBGverG Mepiondro ovouacia «Mrapurapsoo», $a dpyize thy 22a louviou 1941. Méxpt To Tékog Tou H mopela Tew @Stvondpou énpene va éxouv KaraknpSel dda ta eupunaikd ed40n mg ELLA ws YEPHaVIKwY xoten orn} Yeah rou apyicel an to Awe tou Apxayyehou orn Neu} Gdhac- TRareNMraw 04, kareuStveral vorloavaTohiKd, Kat aKohousiovtag Tm por} Tou Morayou Bolya —AevivyKpavr, xataiiyet omy Kaora ©ékao0a Fia my vAonoinjan twv oxoniby tou oyediou, o TepuaviKds Etpatdc etoBortig St aIpéSnKe oe pe Opddeq StpaTav ye tig ovoyaaies “Boppdc”, "KEvrpo" Kat “'Nét0¢". H Oudda Zrpattsv “Boppdc”, we apynyé tov oTpaTdpxn Ageyn (Wihelm Ritter von Leeb), omy onoia eixe avaredet n kardAndn tou AévivyKpavt, nepiehdy Gave S00 atpariés, tH 167 KL TH 18N, Kat ula ondda ‘TeSwpakiopévev (panzer) und ‘Tov ctpatnyo Xénvep (Hoepner}. O 80¢ AeponopiKdg EtdA0g Ga napelye Thy anal Totpevn and aépos UnoGTHpIEN, evs ot OWAaVSoi 8a e19ECahay GTOV IGHuS THE Kapediag Kat ova 66pe1a mg Aiuvng AaveoyKa Anévavtt ot Oudda Erpariiv “Boppdc” Gpioxétay to "BopeioourKs Métu- To” (0 6pog “Métwr0" orn coBieTtKy oTpaTLUTEKH opoAoyia MaWvE “OUASa Erpa- tidv"), H SUvayN Tou Bopeodutixod Metémou Hrav do otpariés (Br) Kat 11) kat + B00 |MyavoKivnTa ZOyaTa Srpatos we diownn} tov orpamys Koutvéroup (Kuznetsov), H Sévayn auth, afiShoyn apiSuntiKd, uotepotce évavtt TOU exSpoU 1600 W¢ npag THY opydvwI 690 Kat 4G NpOg THY EKTIalSeUCN Kal TO URIKG, ARTO: ovohi, Mg HtaV N UREpoTtOn TaV Badtixibv KpaTay rou efxav KaTaAngsel era Tm Towopixd Ogura 65 a Mine eon ete Peete tenet Ie ETE)oupquvia Piunevrpor-Mondtag, KaSéq Kat Tov ebagGv Tou BploKovtaY avaTOA Ka Tov RadaIBy oUVEpwV Tg EEA ye Ta Bakrikd Kpdrn ‘1 1oxupéc Kat eprerpontAcyeg Suvawerc TOU AéeuT eESpHnoaY arovibiaoTIKG ‘ra yapayata mg 22ag louviou 1941, avérpeipay ty avTinaAn dyuva (értou auTt umipEe), npo€kacav Taxitara Kat oe peydino 6480¢ oto eowrepiKS mg EZZA Kat MpoKdheoay yéog orn GUVTIKH BidTagn, oTIc HeTapOpsG Kal YeviKa OTHY opyavir- on tov EpuSpot Exparod. Exig 25 louviou © Kouivéroup npoontsSyae va avert teBel add anéruxe kal oj Bo oTpATIéG TOU UTTOyonOAY AtaKTA MPO Tov rOTAHS -AutiK6 Nr6iva ¥ Nrotiva (ora AToviKd Daugava) rou StaoxiGet eykapaia ty Aetovia, To obteriKé Fevixé Entehsio (Stavka) Siétake Tov KoutveTowp va oTadepo- rotijoet ro pétano otov notayé kat tov evioxuce je Go orpaTIés Kat éva LNxaVO™ ivnto Saou Srparo, uéxpr Sus va kivyBouv ot eviaxdoeIg Kat va KaTaAGGOUY TG Sécei¢ ToUG ot Fepyavo! efxav KUpIedoEt Tig yEoUPEG TOU NrBIva Kat efxav BNA ‘upyricet apkerd rpoye@upoyara, O Koutvérowg, éxovrag xéoet To TeheuTato TOU | ‘quuvtixé épetoua, arécupe thy Bn Zxpatié rou oTmy EoSovia kat va unGhoma Th. ava tou "BopelobuTiKod Metériou" avaToNiKé, apiivovrag ehebGepo évav bide | Bpouo xara yr}xog Tou NoTayoS BeAikayta (Veikaja) weTAgL Tov MBkewy OorpAh6 Kat TloKw8, 0 6t4pojiog auréc odnyodae Kar’ euBelav oro Agvwvyxpavt. Ey (Sta tO ro9eota eixe KaraoKevaodel To 1939 ja osipd ard oxupwHaTiKa Epya He TO voHa “Toquh ExGAwv", aAAG Hera to OOpavo PlynevtporeModsTaR Kat Ty SioBSOGOIN twy véov ouvépav, aUTH n aHUVTIT YOU eixe eyKarAAEIpSel. Eng 30 fouviow n | Stavka avrKatéomos tov Kouzvéroup He Tov avtiorpammyo ZoyméviKwwp, je TV evTON| va oTa8epondow}ae! to HEtwTO Kal va gpael Tig NpoOBAdEIG TDGG TaANY KaL AévivyKpavt. Kat naNt 60s, Ta teSapaKiopéva tou Xérvep digonasay Ty «fou i ErGhive Kai, napa ty avrlaraon Tou Epudpos Zrpato’, ewéBakav omy Eosovia Kat TARotaoav tm oTpaTioTiK Meptoxt} TOU AévIvyKEaVT. Trig 9 louNov n pan Twv uvopIV eixe Niet. Ot eouavo eixav Siavioet wéoa oe 18 nulépes ta 60 tpita THIS Siadpoyric npog to AévivyKoavT Kat TO “Bopetodu- iK6 Méturto" eixe urtootet Taeg andhetes, ore n péon BGvayn TwY Hepapxtiy ‘tov Ate éoBavE TOUS 2.000 6vSpec. H vikn ot «Fay EraAws trav teheuTalanou erttedxSnke Ue Th wé8050 tou KepauvoBshou ro- Aéyou (Bitzkrieg) Ty onola elye epapydcet ue Leyain emttuxla n BEpuaxt ong exoTpareteg the Mokaviag Kat ang FadNag. Meta ané auniv, n avrforaon tou Epu- $p06 Etparod dpxice va yivetat ohoéva Kat oKANpSte- pn we auvexeig avrert9éoeig at onoieg avérpenav To xPovodidypayia rou Bere va epapysast o Xirhep. Ot peydkes Kat tanewrikés Hitteg nou eiyg uNO- corel 0 Epudpdc Exparéc xard Tous npdtous yrfveg tow ohSUOU Fray eraKdAouso Twv aBuvapiov KaLTOV jer ovexTnpétwv Tou a atyKp.on we Ty BEpuayT. AvEECY ‘THA byw aNd Tig aBuVauieg Tou, o EpUSpdg Expardg eiye Kal npotepriyata ta ontofa Gpnoay éxmAnKTous, ToUG Fepyavoss, To npdto Hrav n avtoxt} TOU aTtG Ka Kouxleg Tou MORE LOU, KaSG Kat To TefoLA Kal o ava THOUS Le TOV onoio okSUNGe Tov eIoBoAEa. To Sete- PO, n Taxa avaouyKeSmarig Tou ae ouvSuAOHs He THY apSovia Tov VAiKoU KaK THY NOIStTTA opiopEvay Grin. Eva rér010 no Hirav Ta “nupoBéha nokAa- TAGy owhivav", Ta oTlO{a ot Pidaoi oveyaay “Kattot (0a (yk Katia), eve 01 Tepuavol ta Baptioay “ApUS- wi tou Eréhiv" Ta nupo6éha auré efxay my wavémnta va ektoFedouv $20 pouKé- Tec 08 25 SeuTEpAhertra, 01 onoieg NpoKahooay Tétola evTénWoN KaTAOTPOSS, ote aKéqin Kat ta Kadttepa orparespata éyavay Thy YuxPaljla Tous, Tédog, N euodvin napTiévev niow and Tis YpaHUés te Bepuaxr Fray Kan. Tpwrdywwpo Yia TOUS Fepyavodg ot onoiot dev efxav avtAngel Tov KivBuvo Tou avtapronoh{pou Kat eiyav avaSéoei Ty aopadeia Tov jieTénoSev oe Aiyes ys- papxleg nie onoieg anotehotcav épedpor Sedtepng aeipac, Nioreuay 6x yeplKol arayyovioyol Sa Hitav apKeroi yia va e€avthijaouy KaSe 514920 eniGeone oT ‘Yoaniés eruKowaviag toug Kai Sev pavrdovrav 6110 ayovag evavtiov Tay rapt Zavaov 8a prtopotoe va AGEL Th Hopgr} NpayparKéy Entxeipiozon. EmV MOAELLK| Govn tou Aévivykpavt n opydvaon oudBwv avtaptav elye apxiaet éva urfva peTd TH yepuawier eto6ohi. Tore oxnuaTleSnKav ta Tpla nipdrta anoonéopara, Kuoliag ‘ané ontoudaorés avisraTwv oyohdv. Kata TH SidpKeta tov AuyouoTOU Kal TOU Ee- mrep6piou opyavbOnKay 67 cnoondopata ouvoNiKtig Bivaun¢ 2886 eBehovriv avtaprav, nou endéySnKav Kupiig and wéhn Tg KoYJOUVICTIKAG veonatas, O APOMOE MNPOE TO AENINIKPANT Enig 10 loudiou 0 Aéeun dpytce va npow8el tig atpaTiés TOU pos Boppa Kara rikog Tov tpidv oduabv adyuv rou odnyodoay ot Napa, to ASvivyKpave Kal To NoByxopovr (BA. ydprn ap. 1). Sm neptoxt| THY onoia énpene va Stagxlaouy ra YephaviKd otparetuata ot ZoBietIKo! eigav KataoKeudost conevouéva ya véa uuvTu yay kara jKog Tou NoTapou AoGyKa, Tou peyaNsrepou UBGTIVOU Kw = -Aiparog npiv ané To Aévwykpavt. H ypay aut, nou ovopdesnKe “Feapu Not ka", FexivoUoe ané Thy TAN Nap6a ora pacceaSoviK4 Gévopa-Kal aKOAUSG- vag Tov pou Tou AotiyKa KaTé MVE Oth Niuvn fue. Mliow ané Thy KOpia Ya Kat oxparnyés ZouKwp ouoxénrera: ye Tous emireacis, row. Tovopixés Odyara 67oe andoracn 20 éuc 30 xIMOUETPAV aNd To A€vIvyKpavt MpoBREndraV n KATA oxeut{ jag 3e0TEpNG Yate oxuPdoea. TEhos, Hla aKopN ceIpd oxyPdaEUY el XE apyioet va xaraoKeudzerat Kata ji}Kog Tey oXS{V Tou TloTaHOG Nééa, ard Thy ‘apyt tou ovH Aluvn AavrbyKa dag To Pysniroxoe (Rybatskoe), Kat and exel KarG i : og Tn¢ olBnpoBpOIKTg YpayG ag To AvTOGO aTIG aKTEG TOU KAMOU HE OW Ve AavBiag (KdomNg ap. 2). aun Th 96oq 0 aTpATEG Kat ot TOiTES TOU AévtvyKpavT rav anopaowopévot va Sdoouv thy Goratn waxn ya Ty UTepdorton Te TANS. i Tia my vdoroinjon autv tov oxedlwy énpene va umepvinnSobV TepdoTia EUNS- | dia Ta orouda\étepa ek TAY ortolwy Frav 1) 6oo To SuvaTSy TaxtTEpN KaTaOKEU ‘wy OxUPATEAY AAA KaLN erFavBpODH TOUG Le Kavs apISHO UNepaoTuaTib. Tia To i Kahitepo GUVTOVIGLS TeV MpoonadeliV o Eréwv goreihe ot AévivyKpave Tov i ‘orpardpxn Bopootuae (Kiement Voroshlov) we anepidpiotes ekoucieg Kat evTony va Kpamndei n ndAn we KA8e Suota. Eng 19 louAiou 860 uepapyies névroep MAnolaoay tov rotays AouyKa Kat ent: xeipnoav va Snytoupyrfoouv rpoyeo4poHG, add ouvavrmaay m gavaTiRt avtl otaon lag npoAetaplakiis Hepapxlac Kat 5ii0 Adyuv an6 padntEs Te Bxoh4g Ne- H [Kot tou Aévivyxpavt ot oriofo1 tous KaSuaTEpHaaY ent EEL NHEpES. Mia GAAN Ye- papyia navrosp npoéAace ypryopa kat KarékaBe my ndAn EdATou (Soltsy), enong omig 13 louRiou. Exel 3éx9nke THY aipviBtactual ayteniBeon ag GoBiETHKTIC He- i papxiag neZiKod evioxupEvns we appara jaxng N oTooia THY TepIKUKAWCE Kat THY i anedovoe ple KataotpogH. O Ageum avaykGo8nKe va anoodpet Buvdpers an6 GAka ° esabes onuela Tou werdrou yta va ode! THY epiKUKAapEN WEpapxla TOU, Yeyovds TOU Maran KaTépSwoE ueTG and oxAnps ayava tecodpav Nusa. Ot ZoBierikol uNoxdpnoA anéruxe va pos THY NepIOxf UeTAED Tov TéAEuW XoAy (Holm) Ka Erdpayia Poboa (Starala anos ve Russa). Tic Uo autés ndAetg KatéAGBav ot Fepyavoi oTIG 2 Kat oTIg 6 AvyoUoTOU apd 1 yey my, avTioToKXG Kat oradEponotnoay Eva wérwno vorea Tg AMG ALE até hog TOU ToAewiny, ToTaHOU ABar. epmeipia tou. H yevert eiSeon yta th Sidoraon ms ypouUtig AodyKa Goxtce ort 9 Auyou Tou pe Tpla Zoyara Expatod (ek Twv orolwy Ta 640 unxavoxlvyra), ev ra- | pana GdAa Suo ahyara orpatos tng 167g Expariég evepyovoav ert- ‘SeTika oF 4v0 eUpE LETUNO voting THE Nuvng IAuew. Tpess NBEPES apyétepa, orig 12 AvyoUcToU, eKENAGENKE opoSpA avrenieon ané téodepig cobierikés oTpATIéG NOU é@BavaV aNd Tov Boppa Kat ‘HV avarod StaoyiZovrag Ta vipdpara Tou Baavrat (Valdai. Mic an autés avérpewe Tm yepuavit| avriotam, npoékave 40 xthibyeTpa éoa os SiGomHa S40 NiepaY Kal anéKoye ™ ctEnpoBpowre Ypauun uera€G tev ndAswv Ntvo (Dno) kat Erépayia Podoa mepiku- khdvovtag éva yeppaviK6 Zoya Erpato’. 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Tapa nig evioxiaerg nou éotelve 0 Bopoothug Kat tig ouvexels avterisécer, 01 Teppavot Katéha6ay to Kivyxtoen orig 16 AuyoUoTou. Th $éon aut} UMepaont- Zovtav wovddeg tg Bag Eosietutig Erpartdc pe td0n autosucia, dove érav aver YKaoSnKav va UroxwpHjoouY efxav xacet Shoug Tous BiowKnTEs Toy TayETOY KaL Tw ouvTayydTw pad je ra enttedela Tous, Ta UnOAelyLaTa THE NPaIKTIg GUT Expand, n oroia dev énauce va waxerat and thy npdTy NUEpa ths YePLaVIKG et OBohiG, UROXGpnoaY Npog THY aKn} TOU KOAMOU Tg wvAavfag Kal THY 17 Ee TrepGpiou oxupG8nKay GE 4a neptoxt YraoTH awe alharta, Av kat eixe arayopeudet n {00865 ToUG, TIoh- Dol KaTépSwoav va eiaxwoijdouV apavouG, yt" aUTS kai Bev siyay SeAria ahAd obte Kat edniéa emGiwong arid Tov Kips. Orav o1 Feppavoi KatédaBav Tov cidnpodpoptKd K6uGo Tou Mga Kat to EAowoeAuroupyK om vouta aKrT “tng Aihvng Aavréyxa, Sev anopsywcav Tehelng To AbvivyKpave ylart dpxice va het ‘toupyel évag “napaKapntpios” Spdpog nou Eextvollvs and tous aidnpodpoyt- KoUg KOUBOUG BoAydp Kat TIx8wv Kat KaTEknye OTHY Kayindva (Kabona) Kat rn Nb- Gayia AavroyKa (Novaya Ladoga), Awdvia mg avatoniktig axriig me Auvng Aavrs- ‘xa, Ané exei, 1a e96bia uetagépovtav we popmnyibes Kal dAAa Mhotdpta oto Ko- K6peB0 (Kokkorevo) Kat to Oatvobers (Osinovets), Aisdvia Tg SuTutig aKtiig tg Ni hing, Kat om) ouvéxeta ue Tpaiva oto AévivyKpavt (xdpTHs ap. 2). ‘OL BuoKoRieg Kat 1 KiveUVOI Rou UMTpxaY KaTé TH StaKivnan Tov epodlay and auté tov Spdpo Hrav ueydAol. Ot Apevikés eyKaraotagerg Fray urloTuTGBeNg Kat averapneig yia Tov dyKo Tov HeTagepsuevov egodiwy, o1 KaTaLyides om AiyvA CU- weg Kat Ta Thotdipta paKpd Kat akaTakAnna yia ueydra gopria. TEos, ot ouvexetg BopSapdiyol Kai ModvBodipol tg NougTéapE KadITOLOAV To Epyo TG UETA- popag eEaIpeTIKG ernkivOuvo. Napdha auvé, ané ta yéoa Zerreusplou éug va pé- (0a NosySpiou nou Reiroupynae auréc 0 Spduos weTagépSnKav 25,000 Tévoi Tpo- gibwy nou avriotoxodoay oF epinou 450 Tévoug avd nuépa. H roodtTa aut ‘ATav NOAD puKpStEpN ant Tous 1.000, TOUAAxioTov, TévoUG TpOgiLWW NOU rfrav ara palmtot yia va eni6idoouy ot KGtoIKOL, GANA orwodHNOTe ‘fraV KéntoLa BoHSEVa Onuc, 840 yeyovdra BiéKoav 1H Aettoupyla Tou SpopoU. Erig 9 NospBpioU 01 Fep- pavoi xatéAaay 10 Tix@wv, ev tauTéxpova dpxwoay va rayiivouy Ta vend THg Ne vg KaStordvrag ty vavoInAota npoBAnyaTHK. Tore ot yepideq TOU pomLod époa- ‘ay ato KaTdTEpO dpi6 ToUG Kat dpxtoaY Va eupavitovear ot SévaroL ané Ty Mel vo. Thy Karéotaon emiBeivwde 0 rpdwpog Kai Bapis yewdvag eKeivng ts xPond, O e@odiao4i6g 06 neTpEAato Kat KdpBouvo elye Siaxonei Kat ot KevTpIKES SepHaY- oeig Sev AeIroupyoUOAN, we anoTéAcoLA ot Gudiver Tw SikTéWV GBpeuaNs va one oUY Kal ot KGTOKKOI va UdpedovTaL and Tov TloTaHS NéBa. O1 eEaoBevnpévot ard Tay neiva Kat To Kpdo avSpanwvot opyaviouio’ éyivay eudAwTOL oTIg aosEveteG. To okopBoéto, n pupatinon, n Buoevrepia Kai AdAeg aOBEveIeS, Ha We TOUS Gop Eras TaAamapnyévos hayavdds e9ehovTig Taw Waften SS omy nepinetpo tou oAopenpévou ‘Aévivynpavr, ro 1942. Totopixe Ofuara 73 cpm eT CtGapdiouobs twv Teppavav, SEpiav ToUG KaroiKoUG, O aptBLidg Tw Savdray oTHV MOAN EOBAGE TIG 10,000 Tov NogyuBpI0, AAA Utepé6n TIg 50,000 Tov AeKéyBpto Kat Tig 120.000 Tov lavoudoio Tou 1942. Enst6r} to EBapoc ele naydcet Kat Sev uropovse va oKagSei, ra ntGpata Tey veKpiov, ouvABag TuANyueva o¢ éva AeUK ceVTévI, RaPsLEVaY drag OTH efa0Bo TwV vexpoTagEt av HSXpIG STOU TO MnxaViKE avoiger opadiKOnG Tapoug Kat Ta Sayer. Kata pice tpayixt eipavela, noAhol (Kat mpiita ané doug o& Apxés mg néAng) nepievav ™ owmpia tous and Thy evduvi- won TOU YOYOUS Kat eVOKSTEpA ANS TH YER TA Nuvng A Orxéromor rou vréyxa, Aka ekarootd nayou OMY emupaveta THE Aipvng Lopouoay va avréEoUY I eeeenoirane 10 Gépo¢ eve avOpdoriou, 15 ekatooTé To BapoC evds GUTOKIVATOU, Evid KGGE NE : ow npoomddea Pa HE SepHOKpaola 15 G49pGv und to pnBEv BnuwoupyoUce 10 exaroord nayou. F Ya my owrnpia rns ExiG 17 NosuSpiou, Bio onadeq and AvBpec tou BBou TaypaTos Feguporo\iy, EO- H N6Ans TOUS. Siqquévor ue owoiBia Kai Sepévor Us Oxoid, EeKivnoaV até To Oolvoéers yia va H Biaoxloouy neZoi tm Aluvn Wéxpt Ty Kaynéva Tov BptoKdray oe anéotaoN 36 yt Mopérpav. Tonoerdvtag oFpata yta Tov npoabioptaus Tou aoparots Spoyoho- Ylou, &Saoav tov npoopiops Tous yer aN 16 dpes, Atyo apydtEpA, o SrownTiG | ToU TayuaTOS akOAOUBAVTAG To [B10 SpopOAsyio BkEox.GE éguTOg Thy [bia as- i oraon ve TéovepIG pes, Metd and dd0 nuépes, chappA oxfyaTa popTaUEVA Be / dbo ug réovEpIG o4KOUS, HerEEpaY Ta TIpsTA Poptia ahebpan, Evid oTIG 23 No: | UB plou n nod padayya and 80 goprnya avroKivnta yETépepe ovo AMivyKpave | 38 Tévoug aheUpuy yéoa oe opodpr xiovoSUENAA, Erot dpxioe va Aetroupye! auTé i TOU OVOLGOINKE "SpSyog Tou MayoU", Tou apydTepA éytvE YuwOrds WE “SPSL Phe ‘TG Gatic” (daroga zhizni). Auta ta poptia npoépyovtay and anoSéyata nou eixav pudaxgel om Né6ayia Aavtéysa, npwv ot Fepyavot xarahagouy to TixGw. Hrav oo- vepé 61 yla va owSei To ASvivyKpavt, ot EoGietiKol énpene va avaKaTahadouv to i Tixwv, ot6yo Tov onofo nétuxav oTig @ AeKeuspiou. Erexby| uwog ot Feppavol eiyav Kataotpéipet To cinpobpouIKé diktuo oe peyan Extaon, xostdaSnxe évag Vag Yla va emoKeuaodef kat va ertavahetroupyijoet. Ero Téhog Aexeubpiou to nyo Tou nayou eixe @940e1 To Eva pETpO, apKeErés via va aveéxEl To Bipog KASE et50UG uToRWjToU, OKOUN Kal apYATwN. To Mnyavixé Tou ErpaTos StaySpowoe Eva oh’ KAnpo Biktvo Bpsuwv Gore va sEuNnpetoUvTaL ot peTapopés Tuy ayadiv Tog to KaTeudivaels ent Midpou Bavews Kal UNS onoLedByroTe KalpiKég GUVEHKES. OpyaviSnKav ouvepyeia exxtovioyod, onpeia avegodiaqp0d Kai eruKowoviac, cTagHO! NpoTaV BondeIdv Kai BiGowoNS, HUAAKIA TIE PPOUPAG TwY SpoHEV Kat | Eva ohdkAnpo Biktuo MAcqavuntig ereKowvaviag. Me nic ouveyeis Bedtidoeic, 01 ocdtntes TpopiLWY ROU eixav @BdoeL OTO AE voykpavt enétpetpay thy aiEnan tev pepibav rou Yotod xaTd 100 ypauwpta Yea - 4 ‘ous epyérteg Kau Katd 75 ypayjdpta yia Tous UTAAAhouG, Ta naIbid KA. ovo téhog AckeySpfov. AK6un, dung, Sev eixav kKavoriomget deg ot avayxes, ylarl extég ané Ta TPO pUUG UTTpyAY EdAciperg GE MUPOHAKIKG, AinaVTKG, KaoYLa, aVTEAAOKTIKG HN yaa Kat dikes Biounyavixés AEG yia Th Aettoupyia Twv epyooTaoio. Me ja Ea Gekrivon omy opydvwan THs Braxlvrang, ot yevaHopés entTaxGvONKaY Kat Ta op- i tla cue OnKaV 1690, ore oTIG 24 lavouapiou 1942 6x1 usvov eiyay aUENSet ot pepl- bee TwY TpOPINHW, GALA Gpytoay va SnuLoUpyosveaL KAI aNOSEuaa, TEhog, oTIG 10 y 74 Tovopené Oana IeBpovapiou ot noodmmTEg Taw Tpogiww" mou StavéuovTaY éoSagaV TI THK ROU eixav mplv apxloou ot nepioptapol. O «Spduo¢ tng Zatig», ekTOg aT Tov ave@odia- ‘oud TH NAANS BorSnoe Kat omHY exkévwarl tH ané tous aoBevels, TOUS NAIKLWLE- ‘vous Kal Ta naiSt4, GANG Kat OTH LETAMOpA TaY jNXaVN}TAY Odkhnpw Epyoota- oiwy ya va eykaTaoTaSouv Kai va entavahertoupyriaouy de aogadgatepes neptoxée, Metd mv 267 Mapriou 1942 to naxog tou ndyou dpytce va eAattdvetal Kat va unv avtéyet o¢ ueyaAa gopria, ue anotéAecya va nepiopedotv BaSiaia ot wera ‘popés Kat og 21 AnpiNou va StaKonel n Aettoupyla tou Spsuou, apod eixav Ue- ‘rape Set 360,000 révor egodiwx. Fa va unv uRdpEOU oro HEAAOV NpoBhfaTa aré ‘my éANewn MAEKTpIKTIg evEpyelaG Kat KaUGILWV, KaTaOKEUdOSNKE Kava TH BLdp- KetG TOU KaAOKaIpIod Tou 1942 évac jeydhog aywyds netpEAaiou 0 orioiog TonoSe- ‘TAGNKe Gtov nuBpéva THs Nuvng Aavtdyka, KaBkig Kat Eva UNOBpByIo KaAMSIO ya 1H HeTagopA NrextpIKg EvEpyetag and évay oTaBUS Mapayaryrig Nov BpLoKSTaV KOVTA Oto Bohytig, EMAOros Hrrohopkia tou Agvivykpavt ASSNKE oTiG 27 lavouaplou 1944 kat Bf}pKNoe Ka- Ta Te AyorepO arts 900 nyspes (yta TY axpideta 872), y" aUTS efvat yvOTH KAI WE “nohopKia Tav 900 nucpav”’ Extég and tov eqiadriKé Xeipiva Tou 1941-42, kara 0 undhommo didotnya Tg NohopKlag Sev uMpEav Stata and my aoxtla H to KpG0 rapd ysvov and roug BouBapSiquou Kat TG ydxeG je ToUG FepLavO. Ka- Sgn Sepivt eviGean Tou 1942 nou eixay e€arOAdaEt ot Fepuavoi GE Sho To péTU- Tro Tpoxapouce KavortourTiKd, o Xithep anopactae va erute9el Kai Maat oro Aévwv- ‘ypavt, aunt} m gopd ue thy UNoaTpEEN eX5iKav ya NOhopKia upoBoAapxLAv ot ontoteg efyav oupBéAet ovawaorixd omy Kataxmnon tou @poupiou mg FeBaoTo4- Mrdyara vexpiw ané tv neive mepyévouv rv TapH TOUS umpooré orny zio0do evég vexporapeiou. Iovopuxds Ofuare 75TroAng. O1 Tpetg TupaBorapyies we TI cUvENHOTIKEG ovopadleg Dora, Gama Kat Karl, 6p8adav ato pETwno Tou AévivyKpaVT OTIG 23 louNiou 1942, Ayo pwr and thy iE TOU oTpamyoU Mavorawv (Erich von Manstein), rop9rn} mg ZeBaorotinonng. ZHygwva Le Tig evronss tou Xithep, 0 Mavorétv 9a énipence va entredet arté tov v6- to, evib ot dtvAavBol $a evepyoucav Tauréxpova eniSeon and Tov Goppd. O Mavordtv HAGE ae entagr He TOUS OivhavS0UG Via TOV OU- vrovioud Tav Bio eniGeniKav evepyetdv, adhd MApogopHENKe éx- AnKTog étt ot OwvAavbol, av Kal GOpLayot Tay Tepuaviv, Bev Sa ounmereixav omy eniSean Si6tt “an6 To 1918 elyav avandée: my uoxéwon n rapovsia Tous va uny anoteAéoe! Tors anew Kata ‘tou Aévwvyxpavt” (Mavorditv, 237). Thy eroxt} Kavd my onota o Mav- ovétv etoluate thy erlSea} TOU, ekONAGBNKE opoBpH coBletKT enieon oto ustarto Tou Bohyiip n ontofa anetowoe we KaTaOTPOpH} i H Tivie Zairovsa, rig powddeg me 18ng Fepuaviarc Expamide, Erox, o Mavoraw, avel SESSA va entreSef oro Aévivyxpavt, EoneUaE ye IG BuvEEKs TOU Bike é- } E {| pet adi tou ané to uétwno tng Kpxuatag va Siaosioet ty 18n Expa- i | na, oréyo rou nétuye pera ané oxAnpés Hayes Kat jieyEAEG amt os Senate eevanicerar Aetes (2 OxraBpiou 1942). Orme ypdipet ota ariopvnpovedparé TOU, "y Katdotaon aroKataotédnke ahha Kat euetG eixaye pyres and- Aetes, EGGMAOU, elxape Karavahdbost yeydho [spog TeV TuPOLAXt Kv rou mpoopiovray yia my Kata tou Aévivykpavr enfSeon. Aev J unopodae enopévwg va yivetat Mdyog nepi auTti¢” (Mavorawv, 239). 4] Tia thy aneyvoouévn Kat Sappadéa avrforaon tou npogéahav ot KrTO1KOL Kal N PpOUPA TOU AévivyKpaVT, N TIAN THAONKE Hera TO tEéN0g TOU MOE HOU Ue Tov rirho THs “HpwaiBag MAN” Kat He Eva et ‘dtKé LeTaANO avriotacns, O aKpIBlig aproNds twv Gavdtwy ané thy relva, tous BouBapSiqpous, to KOLO Ka TIS aoSéveteG MBavéTaTA Bev Ga yivet nlové ywootéc. H rlodM extiyinon nou éyive wera to té- Rog Tou MOE LOU and thy «EiBixr| Emrpor yia my Epeuva tov i Oowr9érns eykAnudrwy tov Nafi> Kat n orola xpnoionon}SnKe or Bixn, mg NupeLGépyns i Revie ee RpooBi6pive Tov apiSus Twv Savétwy KaTd tT StdpKeia TOU aNOKAeoHOU oF | Gnolog dunoe rov 641.803, Netitepes, Suto, Kat Aentouepéorepes épeuvES aveBATouV Tov GUVORIKS L ayiva row ‘api9416 tev veKpav Je 800.000 84g 1.000.000, ex twv oroiay HOvov 01 50.000 an6 d= i nodopKnpévaw eg th BouBapdicpods, Edv otov apiSyd autd MpooteSobv Kat ot 1.017.881 veKpol, i karoikww Tou Uae a J F ; jevwynparn, ‘aXpAdaTOt ayvoodjevor erpacwTiKo! oTi¢ HExes TOU ToUEA TOU AévIvyKpAVT, T6- i ancmovicerar c8i Te 01 avOpunOBualeg PO4VOU TOV anoTEUTO apBys Twv 2.000.000. Ae He KpGvos, Napa tic poBepég Kakouyles Kal Tig OTEPHGEIG TWY KATOIKW TOV Xeysdva TOU L ceseuua 27 4961-42, ny xowavint Za TG NAN Bev BuarapGxSnke. Ta oyoAE{a, Ta epyoordcxa, Tedxous mg 20} OL BIBNOSTKES, 01 grAapHOVEKES OpyH}oTpEG, Ta SEarpa Kal GhAeg Kowwviné ExBN- i foudiou 1942 rou doer Bev oTaRdmoay, XapaKMnpITTIKG rapABeryua TOU UYTAOG NBIKEG TaY Tlo- i mepiobiK0U TIME. \iooxnyévav anotédeve To KovoEpTO Ue THY 97] Zypmpuvia Tou MneTdBev mou édu- 08 oTIg 11 Noeu6plou 1941 1 Zup@wvixr} Opxriotpa mg Pabiopwviag tou Aévv- ‘ykoavt, to onofo rlapaKoAoUSnoay ot Apyés TH MANE. Mept to TEAOG TOU KovaEp- 1 tou sxdN\SNKE YepuaviKT] aeportoptet emtBpoM, GAAG n TIapdotan ouvextoSn- i Ke Kavovind xwpig Kavévag va anouaKpuv9e! and Tm 9éan Tou. Tov ib10 xewiova, O yewnyévog oro AgvwvyKpavt peyédog Ptdoog ouvdérng Eooraxésite (Dmitry » 76 lotoprxé Oxuara eeShostakovich) éypaye mv 7n Zuzowvia tou (f , To KaAITEpo Tou AgvivyKpavt ty Merpoumonn enoxt tov rohéttou, Onis aroKahi@Gnke, Srav 0 Xithep frav 8éBai0g via my Ka- (Pen, Tee ‘a\nN THE NpwTeiousAG TaV TodpaN, efx Beoet evrONH va opyavWGel aUTH | Se- Mérog 2005). Fivon ce avranédoon mg KavéAnyng Tou Be~ pokivou ané tous Pidsoug To 1760, Kata Tm Bidpxeia tou Eraetous Modéuou. Oi rp00Ky- nig avéypagay Shec TWg Aertrougpeies eKTs ané ra ovopara kat thy nnepounvia. a BIBAIOTPAGIA 1 Panuisv Koprié: IETOPIA TOY AEYTEPOY FIAFKOEMIOY MOAEMOY, ex6. Némrupos, ASrva. 2. Nicholas Bethell: RUSSIA BESIEGED, Time-Life Books, 1960. 43. Erich von Manstein: NIKAI ANIQAEEQEIZAI, ex3. Terod Enrredsiou Erparod, Adiva 1980. 4, David Glantz: THE SIEGE OF LENINGRAD, 1941-44, x8. Cassel, AovSivo 2004, 8, Harrison Salisbury: THE 900 DAYS. THE SIEGE OF LENINGRAD, ex, Da Capo, Néa Yépxn 2003, Totopixé: Ofuara 77