Qutb minar

Qutub Minar is a minaret that forms part of the Qutb complex, a UNESCO World
Heritage Site.

Location - It is situated in the Mehrauli area of Delhi, India.

Period of construction - Qutb al-Din Aibak, founder of the Delhi Sultanate, started
construction of the Qutub Minar's first storey around 1192. In 1220, Aibak's successor
and son-in-law Iltutmish completed a further three storeys. In 1369, a lightning strike
destroyed the top storey. Firoz Shah Tughlaq replaced the damaged storey, and added one
more.[5]

Rulers of that period - Qutb al-Din Aibak, Aibak's successor and son-in-law Iltutmish
and Firoz Shah Tughlaq.

Architectural Style - Its design is thought to have been based on the Minaret of Jam, in
western Afghanistan. Made of red sandstone and marble, Qutub Minar is a 73-metre (240
feet) tall tapering tower of five storeys, with a 14.3 metre (47 feet) base diameter,
reducing to 2.7 metres (9 feet) at the peak.[3]It contains a spiral staircase of 379 steps.

Key Features of Qutb minar- The Minar is surrounded by several historically

significant monuments of the Qutb complex, including Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque, which
was built at the same time as the Minar, and the much older Iron Pillar of Delhi. The
nearby pillared Cupola known as "Smith's Folly" is a remnant of the tower's 19th century
restoration, which included an ill-advised attempt to add a sixth storey.

Red fort

Location- The Red Fort is a historical fort in the city of Delhi in India. It was the main
residence of the emperors of the Mughal dynasty for nearly 200 years, until 1857. It is
located in the center of Delhi and houses a number of museums.
Period of construction- Constructed in 1639 by the fifth Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan as
the palace of his fortified capital Shahjahanabad,[2] the Red Fort is named for its massive
enclosing walls of red sandstone and is adjacent to the older Salimgarh Fort, built
by Islam Shah Suri in 1546.

Rulers of the Period- Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan and Islam Shah Suri.

Architecture style - Indo Islamic Mughal style. The fort was plundered of its artwork
and jewels during Nadir Shah's invasion of the Mughal Empire in 1747.

Key features- Every year on the Independence day of India (15 August), the Prime
Minister hoists the Indian "tricolour flag" at the main gate of the fort and delivers a
nationally-broadcast speech from its ramparts.[5]

It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2007 as part of the Red Fort
Complex.[1][6]

JANTAR MANTAR

The Jantar Mantar is an equinoctial sundial, consisting a gigantic

triangular gnomon with the hypotenuse parallel to the Earth's axis. On either side of the
gnomon is a quadrant of a circle, parallel to the plane of the equator. The instrument is
intended to measure the time of day, correct to half a second and declination of
the Sun and the other heavenly bodies.

Location- It is located in New Delhi, India.

Period of construction- In the early 18th century, Maharaja Jai Singh
II of Jaipur constructed five Jantar Mantars in total, in New
Delhi, Jaipur, Ujjain, Mathura and Varanasi; they were completed between 1724 and
1735.

Rulers of the period – Maharaja Jai Singh.

Architectural Style- The Vrihat Samrat yantra is a sundial that can give the local time to
an accuracy of 2 seconds.[2]
Key features - The word Jantra is derived from yantra, instrument, while the
suffix Mantar is derived from mantrana meaning consult or calculate.[4]The
words jantar and 'mantar (or yantra and mantra) means calculation instrument.
It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

India gate

The India Gate, (originally called the All India War Memorial), is a war memorial
located astride the Rajpath, on the eastern edge of the ‘ceremonial axis’ of New Delhi,
India, formerly called Kingsway. India Gate is a memorial to 82,000 soldiers of
the Indian Army who died in the period 1914–21 in the First World War, in
France, Flanders, Mesopotamia, Persia, East Africa, Gallipoli and elsewhere in the Near
and the Far East, and the Third Anglo-Afghan War. 13,300 servicemen's names,
including some soldiers and officers from the United Kingdom, are inscribed on the gate

Location - The India Gate situated in Delhi, India.

Period of construction- It came into existence in December 1917 for building war
graves and memorials to soldiers killed in the First World War [3] The foundation stone of
the All-India War Memorial was laid on 10 February 1921, at 4:30 PM, by the
visiting Duke of Connaught in a solemn soldierly ceremony attended by Officers and
Men of the Indian Army,

Rulers of the period –

Architecture style- The All-India War Memorial in New Delhi was designed by Edwin
Lutyens, who was not only the main architect of New Delhi, but a leading designer of
war memorials.

Key features - Amar Jawan Jyoti, or the flame of the immortal soldier, is a structure
consisting of black marble plinth, with reversed L1A1 Self-loading rifle, capped by war
helmet, bound by four urns, each with the permanent light (jyoti) from (CNG)
flames,[11] erected under the India Gate in the wake Liberation of Bangladesh in
December 1971 to commemorate Indian soldiers killed in the defense of their country.

Lotus Temple

All Bahá'í Houses of Worship, including the Lotus Temple, share certain architectural
elements, some of which are specified by Bahá'í scripture. `Abdu'l-Bahá, the son of the
founder of the religion, stipulated that an essential architectural character of a House of
Worship is a nine sided circular shape.[7] While all current Bahá'í Houses of Worship
have a dome, this is not regarded as an essential part of their architecture.[8

Location- The Lotus Temple, located in Delhi, India, is a Bahá'í House of Worship
Period of construction- The Lotus Temple, , is a Bahá'í House of Worship completed
in 1986.

Rulers of the period-

Architecture style - Expressionist style, The architect was an Iranian, who now lives
in Canada, named Fariborz Sahba.[11] He was approached in 1976 to design it and later
oversaw its construction. The structural design was undertaken by the UK firm Flint and
Neill over the course of 18 months,[4] and the construction was done by ECC
Construction Group of Larsen & ToubroLimited.[

Key feature- the Lotus Temple is open to all, regardless of religion or any other
qualification. The building is composed of 27 free-standing marble-clad "petals" arranged
in clusters of three to form nine sides,[1]with nine doors opening onto a central hall with
height of slightly over 40 metres[2] and a capacity of 2,500 people.[3] The Lotus Temple
has won numerous architectural awards and been featured in hundreds of newspaper and
magazine articles.[4] A 2001 CNN report referred to it as the most visited building in the
world.[5]