Tamilians History of Library PDF

kdNk kdNk -
,wFNghL
Mrphpah;
fhkuh[;
2 kdNk kdNk - ,wFNghL
rp. fhkuh[; 3
kjpg;Giu
tho;tpaypd; jj;Jtq;fis ez;gh; jpU. fhkuh[;
mth; f s; jd; D ila kw; W k; ez; g h; f spd; mDgt
thapyhf gy Mz;Lfshf Muha;e;J> mwpe;J> rpe;jpj;J
rpe;jpa Kj;Jf;fisj; njhFj;J jdJ gilg;gpy; ntspf;
nfhzh;eJ ; s;shh;. ez;giu fle;j 45 Mz;Lfshf neUq;fp
mwpNtd;. ve;j xU tplaj;ijAk; mg;gbNa
Vw;Wf;nfhs;shky; jdJ gFj;jwpT nfhz;L myrpg;
ghh;j;J KbT nra;Ak; xU mry; rpe;jidahsh;.
tpjp> kjp> kdk; Nghd;w kdpjdpd; Ez;zpa

$Wfis kpfj; njspthf ghkuDk; Ghpe;J nfhs;Sk;
tifapy; jdf;Nf chpa vspa ghzpapy; tpsf;fpAs;shh;.
xU ruhrhp FLk;g];jd; md;whlk; re;jpf;Fk; rthy;fis
vt;thW vjph;nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;F ,e;j gilg;G
xU fyq;fiu tpsf;fhFk;. kNdh ,ay; kw;Wk; cyf
,ay; Ma;thsh;fSf;F ,e;j E}y; xU J}z;LNfhy;
ngl;lfkhf mike;Js;sJ.
nghUis kl; L Nk Fwpf; N fhshff; nfhz; L

,aq;Ffpd;w ,e;j etPd cyfpy; thOk; nka;ad;gh;fNs
vdJ ez;ghpd; mhpa gilg;igg; gbj;Jg; ghUq;fs;.
cq;fisAk; cq;fisr; Rw;wpAs;NshiuAk; ,e;j E}y;
xU khaf; f z; z hb Nghy njspthff; fhl; L k; .
tho;f;ifia Ghpe;J Urpj;J tho topgpwf;Fk;. \\kdNk
kdNk - ,wF NghL|| vd; w ,e; j gilg; G xU
rhkhdpadpd; mDgt ntspg;ghlhFk;.
md;Gld;
D MG R j d Ph D
KfTiu
,iwtd; kdpj rpe;jidf;F mg;ghw;gl;ltd;.
mtiu Neuk;> fhyk; NghtJ njhpahJ rpe;jpj;Jf;
nfhz;NlapUf;fyhk;. rpe;jpf;f rpe;jpf;f mtiug; gw;wpa
cz;ik> mth; gilj;j ,e;j gpugQ;rk;> ,e;j cyfk;>
mjpy; thOk; kf;fs; vy;yhtw;iwAk; gw;wpa mtuJ
gilg;G ,ufrpaq;fis xt;nthd;whf ekf;F mtNu
njhpag;gLj;Jfpwhh;. mijj; jd; %is fz;Lgpbj;jjhf
kdpjd; nrhy;ypf; nfhs;fpwhd;. Mdhy; vy;yhk; mtNu.
mw;Gjq;fs; epfo;jJ
; tJk; mtNu> mf;fpukq;fs; nra;tJk;
mtNu.
vg;nghONjh nra;jpj;jhs;fspy; thrpj;j nra;jpfs;

,uz;il ,q;F vLj;Jf;fhl;lhfj; jUfpNwd;. thrfh;fSk;
mijg; gbj;jpUf;fyhk;. tlkhepyk; xd;wpy; jd; epiwkhj
fh;g;gpzp kidtpia gpurtj;jpw;fhf kUj;Jtkidf;F
uapypy; xUth; mioj;Jr; nry;fpwhh;. me;jg; ngz;zpw;F
,aw;if cghijNghy; ,Ue;jpUf;fpwJ. fztdplk;
nrhy;yptpl;L me;j nuapy; ngl;bapy; cs;s foptiwf;F
nrd;wpUf;fpwhh;. mq;Nf Ngha; mkh;ej
; Jk; Foe;ij gpwe;J
fopTj; Jthuk; topahf uapy; jz;lthsj;jpYk; tpOe;J
tpl;lJ. me;jj; jha; gjwpg;Ngha; vOe;J Xbte;J fjitj;
jpwe;J XLk; uapypypUe;J Fjpj;J tpl;lhs; gps;isia
vLf;f. NeuNkh ,uT Neuk;. ,e;jg; ngz; uapypypUe;J
fPNo Fjpj;Jtpl;lijg; ghh;j;j rfgazpfs; mghar;
rq; f pypiag; gpbj; J ,Oj; J tz; b ia epWj; j p
,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. tz;b xU fp.kP. njhiyT nrd;W jhd;
Kw;wpYk; epd;wpUf;fpwJ. gazpfs;> uapiy elj;Jdh;>
Xl;Leh; vy;NyhUk; uapiytpl;L ,wq;fp jq;fsplkpUe;j
tpsf;F> lhh;r; iyl; Kjyhdtw;wpd; cjtpAld; me;jg;
ngz; tpOe;j ,lk; Nehf;fp XbapUf;fpwhh;fs;. me;jg;
ngz;zpd; fztUk; foptiwapy; ghh;j;Jtpl;L mq;F
rp. fhkuh[; 5
me;jg; ngz; ,y;yhjijf; fz;L XbapUf;fpwhh;.
vd;d tpe;ij> uapy; ghijia tpl;L xJq;fp

eilghijapy; me;jg; ngz; gpwe;j Foe;ijiaAk;
ifapy; itj;Jf; nfhz;L mikjpahf
cl;fhh;ej
; pUe;jhshk;. Foe;ijf;F ve;jf; fhaKk; ,y;iy.
jhapd; kbapy; Foe;ij mOJ nfhz;bUe;jpUf;fpwJ.
,e;jg; ngz;zpw;F Koq;ifapy; kl;Lk; rpwpa rpuha;g;Gf;
fhak;> Ntnwhd;Wkpy;iy. ele;j tpguj;ijf; Nfl;L
vy;yhUk; tpag;gile;J jhiaAk; NriaAk; uapypy;
Vw;wp mLj;j epWj;jj;jpy; tz;bia epWj;jp me;j epiya
mjpfhhp %yk; me;j Ch; kUj;Jtkidapy; Nrh;j;J
jha;f;Fk; Nra;f;Fk; KjYjtp nra;jpUf;fpwhh;fs;.
,d;ndhU epfo;T. mJ ek; jkpo;ehl;by; ele;jJ.

jiygpurtj;jpw;fhf xU ngz;iz fhhpy; fpuhkj;jpypUe;J
mioj;Jf; nfhz;L gf;fj;J Ch; kUj;Jtkidf;Fr;
nrd;wpUf;fpwhh;fs;. nry;Yk; topapy; xU gps;isahh;
Nfhapy; ,Ue;jpUf;fpwJ. me;jg; gps;isahiu tzq;fp
tpl; L r; nry; y yhk; vd; W me; j fh; g ; g pzpg; ngz;
nrhy;ypapUf;fpwhh;. mjdhy; fhiu epWj;jp me;jg;
gps;isahiu tzq;fpapUf;fpwhh;fs;. gpwF me;jg; ngz;
xU gj;J &gha; jhis vLj;J mq;fpUe;j cz;baYf;Fs;
ifia tpl;L cs;Ns Nghl;bUf;fpwhs;. mg;nghOJ mts;
ifapy; ntLf;nfd;W VNjh fbj;jJ Nghy;
,Ue;jpUf;fpwJ. mywpf;nfhz;Nl ifia cjwp ntspapy;
vLj;jpUf;fpwhs;. mtsJ Gwq;ifapy; VNjh fhak;
,Ue; j pUf; f pwJ. me; j g; ngz; Z k; kaq; f ptpl; l hs; .
tpiuthf kUj;Jtkid nrd;wpUf;fpwhh;fs;. NghFk;
topapNyNa me;jg; ngz;Zk; mts; tapw;wpypUe;j rpRTk;
,we;J Nghdhh;fs;. fhuzk; nrhy;ypapUf;fpwhh;fs;>
Ntnwhd;Wkpy;iy. mJ ey;y Fsph;fhyk;. NeuKk; ,uT
Neuk;. xU ehfk; FspUf;fhf cz;baYf;Fs; Ngha;
jQ;rk; GFe;jpUf;fpwJ. ,ts; ifia cs;Ns tplTk;
jPz;btpl;lJ.
mq;Nf mt;tsT nghpa tpgj;jpypUe;J me;jj;

jhiaAk; NriaAk; fhg;ghw;wpaJ ,iwtNd. ,q;Nf
ve;j tpgj;Jk; ,y;yhJ mutj;ij jPzl
; itj;J mJTk;
mtiu tzq;fpa nghOJ ,UtiuAk; nfhd;wJk; mNj
,iwtNd. fUzh%h;j;jpAk; mtNu> fy;neQ;rf;fhuUk;
mtNu.
ehd; Md; k pfthjpapy; i y> Qhdpapy; i y>

vOj;jhsdpy;iy> nghpa rpe;jidahsd; ,y;iy> nghpa
gbg;ghspAkpy;iy. ,jw;F vd;d fhuzk; vd;W vd;dhy;
nrhy;y Kbahj NghJk; Md;kpfg; nghpath;fs;> Qhdpfs;>
vOj; j hsh; f s; > rpe; j idahsh; f s; nghpa nghpa
gbg;ghspfs; tpsf;fk; nrhy;yl;Lk;. thrfh;fs; rpe;jpj;Jg;
ghh;f;fl;Lk;.
vd; rpe;jidf;F vl;ba fUj;Jf;fis ,q;Nf

\\kdNk kdNk - ,wFNghL|| vd; w jiyg; g py;
thrfh;fSf;F jUfpNwd;. ,it gytw;iw gyNgh; jq;fs;
jq;fs; tho;fi; fapy; czh;ej
; pUf;fyhk;. rpe;jidahsh;fs;>
nghpath;fs; fUj;jpy; NtWglyhk;. ghuhl;Lf;fSk;>
fz; l dq; f Sk; vg; n ghOJNk tuNtw; f g; g Lfpd; w d.
RUf;fkhf ehd; vd; tho;ehspy; ,Jtiu fz;lwpe;j
cz;ikfs; ,it. mt;tsTjhd;.
ed;wp. tzf;fk;.
Mrphpah;
fhkuh[;
rp. fhkuh[; 7
nghUslf;fk;
gf;fk;
1. ,iwtd; - 9
2. Md;kh> caph;> cly; - 38
3. tpjp> kdk;> kjp - 42
4. FLk;gk;> gzk; - 85
5. cyftpay; - 101
6. kdrhe;jp - 149
=fhaj;hp
Xk; G+h;gG
; t];]{t :
jj;] tpJh;tNuz;ak; !
gh;fN
; fh Njt];a jPk`P
jpNah Nahe: g;uNrhjahj;!!

rp. fhkuh[; 9
1. ,iwtd;
gs;spfspy;> fy;Y}hpfspy;> gy;fiyf; fofq;fspy;

xUtDf;F ngha; nrhy;y> jpUl> nfhs;isabf;f>
nfhiy nra;af; fw;Wf; nfhLg;gjpy;iy. ,njy;yhk;
$lhJ vd;Wjhd; nrhy;ypf; nfhLf;fpwhh;fs;. MdhYk;
,e;jf; Fw;wq;fs; nra;Ak; vj;jidNah Ngh;fs; ,e;j
cyfpy; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. mJ Vd;? mth;fisg; gilf;Fk;
nghONj ,iwtd; ,njy;yhk; nra; vd;W nrhy;yp
mDg;gptpLfpwhh;. mjdhy; nra;fpwhh;fs;. ehk; nrhy;ypf;
nfhLf;fhtpl;lhYk; ,iwtd; nrhy;ypaij mth;fs;
nra;tJ Qhak;jhNd. mg;gbnad;why; ,th;fisg;
gilj;j ,iwtd; jhNd Fw;wthsp. rpe;jpj;Jg; ghh;jj ; hy;
mg;gbj;jhd; Njhd;WfpwJ.
ehk; tho;tpy; Neh;ikAlDk; epahaj;JlDk; ,Ue;J

jtWfs; nra;ahJ ,Ue;jhy; ek; Njitfis ,iwtd;
ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;fpwhh;.
vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; msT vd;W xd;W cz;L. nrhy;yg;

Nghdhy; ,e;j gpugQ;rj;jpw;Ff; $l ,iwtd; VjhtJ
msT itj;jpUg;ghh;. Mdhy; kdpjdpd; Mirf;F kl;Lk;
msT vd;gNj fpilahJ. ePl;lysit> epWj;jysit>
Kfj; j ysit vd; W vJTNk kdpjdpd; Mirf; F
Kd;dhy; Njhw;Wg;NghFk;. kdpjid ,g;gbg; gilj;jJ
,iwtdpd; Fw;wNk. ,J gilg;Gf; Fw;wk;.
,iwtd; ek; ikf; $g; g pLk; n ghOJjhd; $g; g pl; L f;

nfhs;thh;. mJtiu> ,q;NfNa Rw;wpf;nfhz;L ,Ulh
vd;W tpl;LtpLthh;.
kpf mhpjhf ekJ MirAk; ,iwtdpd; MizAk;

xd; w hf ,Uf; f pwJ. kw; w Neuq; f spy; vy; y hk;
ntt;Ntwhfj;jhd; ,Uf;fpwJ. ek; fl;Lg;ghl;by; vJTNk
,y;iy. vy;yhk; ,iwrf;jpapd; Mizg;gb elf;fpwJ.
,ij tpiutpy; Ghpe;J nfhs;fpwtd; Qhdpahfpwhd;.
kw;wtd; rhjhuz kdpjdhf ,Uf;fpwhd;.
xU tptuk; cdf;Fk; ,iwtDf;Fk; kl;Lk; njhpe;jpUe;jhy;

jhd; mJ ,ufrpak;. ,uz;lhtJ egh; ahUf;Fj; njhpa
te;jhYk; mJ ,ufrpakpy;iy.
,iwtDf;F kdpjh;fs; ghtq;fs; nra;tJ gpbf;fhJ.

vdNt eP ahUf;Fk; njhpahky; ghtq;fs; nra;jhy;
,iwtd; vg;gbahtJ mij mLj;jth;f;Fj; njhpa
itj;J ntspf;nfhzh;e;J tpLthh;.
ehk; vijAk; KOjhfg; Ghpe;J nfhs;s KbahJ. vijAk;

KOjhfg; Ghpe;J nfhs;gth; vy;yhtw;iwAk; gilj;J
,af;fpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ,iwtd; xUth; jhd;.
tho;fi
; fapy; Kd;Ndw eP vLj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; Neh;ikahd
Kaw;rpfSf;F ,iwtd; cjttpy;iynad;why; eP vLj;Jf;
nfhs; S k; Neh; i kaw; w Kaw; r pfSf; F fz; b g; g hf
cjtkhl;lhh;.
rp. fhkuh[; 11
kdpjdpd; %is Xa;Tjhd; vLf;FNk jtpu ,utpYk;

$l cwq;fhJ. ehk; cwq;fpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; NghJ $l
mJ fw;gid nra;fpwJ. mt;thW ehk; cwq;Fk; NghJ
mJ nra;Ak; fw;gidjhd; fdT. rpy Neuq;fspy; fdtpd;
%yk; nja;tk; ekf;F vijahtJ Rl;bf;fhl;lTk; nra;Ak;.
mij kdpjd; myl;rpag;gLj;jf;$lhJ.
nrhh;ff
; k; vd;gJ Ntnwhd;Wkpy;iy. ek; Md;khTk; ,iw
vd;Dk; Nguhd;khTk; ,uz;lwf; fyg;gJjhd; nrhh;f;fk;.
mjw;F toptFg;gJk; ,e;j Md;khTk; Nguhd;khTk;
jhd;.
Kwpabf;fg;gl Kbahjth;fis vjphpfs; rjpapd; %yk;

jhd; Kwpabg;ghh;fs;. vjphpfspd; rjpiaAk; Kwpabj;J
ntw;wp nfhs;gtd; khtPud;. mtDf;F ,iwtdpd; mUs;
,Uf;fpwJ vd;W nghUs;.
ek; tho;ehspy; gy Mz;LfSf;Fg; gpd;dhy; elf;fg;

NghFk; epfo;Tfisf; $l Kd;$l;bNa ek;
thf;F%ykhtJ my;yJ gpwh; thf;F%ykhtJ ,iwtd;
ekf;Fj; njhpag;gLj;Jfpwhh;.
,iwtd; cjtp nra;ahjnghOJ ftiyg;glhJ ,Uf;f

kdpjd; njhpe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. ngUk;ghYk; kdpjh;fs;
jhk; kl;Lk;jhd; tho;f;ifapy; rpukg;gl;Lf;
nfhz;bUf;fpNwhk;> gpwh; vy;NyhUk; ed;whf ,Ug;ghh;fs;
vd;Wjhd; epidf;fpd;wdh;. mJ khia> cz;ikapy;iy.
vy; N yhUNk tho; f ; i fapy; VjhtJ xU tifapy;
rpukg;gl;Lf; nfhz;Ljhd; ,Ug;ghh;fs;. mJjhd; cz;ik.
kd tpuf;jpapy; nja;tf; Fw;wNk nra;jhYk; $l nja;tk;

kd;dpj;J tpLfpwJ.
ngUk;ghYk; Jf;f czh;Tld; ,Uf;Fk;nghOJjhd;

,iwtd; ,e;j cyfpy; kiwe;J fplf;Fk; kdpjh;fs;
njhlh;ghd cz;ikfis Ghpa itf;fpwhh;.
ekf;F ey;yJ xd;W elf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W nja;tj;jplk;

vd;djhd; kd;whbf; Nfl;Lf; nfhz;lhYk; mJ elf;f
Ntz;ba fhyk; tUk; tiu nja;tk; Rk;kh Ntbf;if
ghh;j;Jf; nfhz;Ljhd; ,Uf;fpwJ. rpy Neuq;fspy;
,iwtd; ek;ik Nfyp nra;thh;. mij ehk; nghWj;Jf;
nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
Qhakhf Mirg;gLfpwtid ,iwtd; jz;bg;gjpy;iy.

mjw;F mtd; jFjpahdtd; vd;why; mtdJ Miria
,iwtd; epiwNtw;Wfpwhh;. Mdhy; Nguhirg;gl;L> jhd;
Mirg;gl;lij mila jh;k topapypUe;Jk; tpyfpr;
nry;gtid ,iwtd; jz;bf;fpwhh;. ekJ Qhakhd
MirfSf;F ,d;wpy;yhtpl;lhYk; vd;whtJ ,iwtd;
cjtp nra;J mij epiwNtw;Wthh;.
fz;bg;ghf ,iwtdplj;jpy; ekf;F %d;W czh;Tfs;

,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. mit gf;jp> ek;gpf;if kw;Wk; mr;rk;.
,e;j %d;wpy; ve;j xd;W ,y;yhJ NghdhYk; ,iwtdpd;
mUs; ekf;Ff; fpilf;fhJ.
,iwtDf;F Ntz;batd;> Ntz;lhjtd; vd;w ghFghL

vJTk; fpilahJ. mtUf;F vy;NyhUk; xd;Nw. mjdhy;
rp. fhkuh[; 13
,iwtd; ekf;F xU ey;y gyidf; nfhLf;Fk; nghOJ

njhpe;Jk; mij Vw;Wf;nfhs;shJ cjhrPdg;gLj;jpdhy;
gpwF mNj ey;y gyid ,iwtd; ekf;Fj; jpUk;gTk;
nfhLf;fkhl;lhh;.
vd;Nwh vOjp itf;fg;gl;l ,iwtdpd; jPhg ; G

; g;gb ekf;F
vy;yhk; elf;fpwJ. mtuJ jPhg
; G
; khw;wp vOjg;glj; jf;fJ
,y;iy. jPh;g;G vd;d vd;gJ ekf;Fj; njhpahJ. mJ
,iw ,ufrpak;. nghWf;f Kbahj rpuk fhyq;fspy;
mthplk; Kiwapl;lhy; ekf;F vOjp itf;fg;gl;l jPh;g;G
vd;d vd;gij mth; ghprPypf;fpwhh;. ekf;F epthuzk;
nfhLf; f VjhtJ me; j j; jP h ; g ; G g; g b topapUe; j hy;
epthuzk; nfhLf;fpwhh;.
eP ,g;gbj;jhd; thoNtz;Lk; vd;w tpjp mikg;G

,Ue; j hy; mjw; F z; l hd mwpFwpia Mz; l td;
Kd;$l;bNa cdf;F czh;jJ ; fpwhh;. mjw;Fz;lhd mij
nray;gLj;Jk; kdpjh;fisAk; cd;dplj;jpy; mDg;gp
itf;fpwhh;.
,e;jg; G+kpf;Nfhsk; Kf;fhy;gq;F ePuhYk; fhy; gq;F

epyj;jhYk; MdJ vd;W nrhy;yg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j Kf;fhy;
gq;F ePuhy; ,e;jf; fhy;gq;F epyj;ij fiuj;J Vd;
jd;Ds; mlf;fpf; nfhs;s Kbatpy;iy? fhuzk; vt;tsT
ePiuf; nfhl;bdhYk; me;j ePiunay;yhk; jd;Ds; mlf;fpf;
nfhs;Sk; jd;ikia ,e;j epyk; ngw;Ws;sJ. mjdhy;
jhd; ,e;j Kf;fhy;gq;F ePuhy; ,e;jf; fhy;gq;F epyj;ij
fiuj;J mij jd;Ds; mlf;fpf; nfhs;s Kbatpy;iy.
,J ,iwtpQ;Qhdpapd; Vw;ghL.
jdf;F tpUg;gk; ,y;iy vd;whYk; vjpYk; tpjpg;gb

jhd; xUtdhy; ele;J nfhs;s KbAk;. kjp mjw;F
xj; J iof; F k; . Md; k htpd; tpUg; g k; vJNth mJ
nray;gLk;. tpjp mjw;F xj;Jiof;Fk;. Md;khtpd;
tpUg;gk; vd;gJ ,iwtdpd; tpUg;gk;.
,iwtd; ekf; F f; nfhLf; f Ntz; b aij jtwhJ

nfhLf; f pwhh; . rhkp ,y; i y> G+jk; ,y; i y vd; W
nrhy;fpwth;fSf;Ff; $l mth; nfhLg;gij
epWj;Jtjpy;iy. Mdhy; ehd; ,Uf;fpNwdg;gh vd;gij
kl;Lk; mth;fSf;F mth; czh;j;jhky; tpLtjpy;iy.
cdf;Fj; jpUl;Lg;Gj;jp ,y;iynad;why; mjw;fhf jpdk;

jpdk; eP ,iwtDf;F ed;wp nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bU.
ahh;> ahh; vq;nfq;F> vg;gb vg;gb> vt;tsT fhyk;

tho Ntz;LNkh> mtuth; mq;fq;F> mg;gb mg;gb>
mt;tsT fhyk; tho;th;. ,jpy; vJTk; ek; ifapy;
,y;iy. vy;yhk; ,iwtd; nray;.
ehd;F tajpy; Ghpa Ntz;ba xU cz;ik rpyUf;F

ehw;gJ tajpy; GhpAk;. xd;iw Ghpe;J nfhs;s ehw;gJ
tajhtJ MFk; vd;w epiyapYs;s rpy cz;ikfis
rpyh; ehd;F tajpNyNa Ghpe;J nfhs;th;. xd;iw ehd;F
tajpy; Ghpe;J nfhs;tJk; ehw;gJ tajpy;
Ghpe;Jnfhs;tJk; mtuth; kz;ilf;Fs; cs;s %isiag;
nghWj;jJ my;y. eP xd;iw vg;nghOJ Ghpe;J nfhs;s
Ntz;LNkh mg;nghOJjhd; ,iwtd; mij Ghpe;J
nfhs; s itf; f pwhh; . ,Jjhd; cz; i k. eP Ghpe; J
rp. fhkuh[; 15
nfhs;sNt $lhJ vd;why; cd;id Ghpe;J nfhs;sr;

nra;ahkNyNa ,t;Tyif tpl;L mDg;gp tpLfpwhh;.
,iwtid mtuJ ,y;yk; nrd;W eP fhz Ntz;Lnkd;W

Mirg;gl;lhYk; mtuJ ,y;yk; eP ,Uf;Fk; ,lj;jpw;F
mUfpy; ,Ue;jhYk; mtiuf; fhz mth; vg;nghOJ
mDkjpf;fpwhNuh mg;nghOJjhd; mtiu cd;dhy; fhz
KbAk;. mJtiu KbahJ. ,Jjhd; ,iw rf;jp.
ve; N euKk; ,iwtid epidj; J f; nfhz; b Ue; j hy;

kdpjDf;F ve;j Mr;rhuKk; Njitapy;iy.
vjw;fhtJ vg;nghOjhtJ kdpjh;fs; ek;ik Nfyp

nra;jhy; VjhtJ xU fhuzj;jpw;fhf mikjpahf ,Ue;J
tpLfpNwhk;. ,iwtNd Nfyp nra;Ak; nghOJ kpfTk;
mikjpahf ,Ue;JtplNtz;Lk;. ,iwtd; Nfyp nra;tJ
tpjpapd; nfhf;fhpg;G.
ek; tho;f;ifapy; ngUk;ghYk; xU Kiwjhd; Nahf

re;jh;gg
; j;ij ,iwtd; nfhLf;fpwhh;. xU rpyUf;F mhpjhf
kWKiw nfhLf;fpwhh;. kpfTk; ghf;fparhypfSf;F kl;LNk
njhlh;e;J mijf; nfhLf;fpwhh;. mth; nfhLf;Fk; ey;y
Nahf re;jh;g;gj;ij gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
xUtd; tho;f;ifapy; Kd;Ndwp ,Uf;fpwhd; vd;why;

mjw;F mtdJ Gj;jprhypj;jdk; kl;Lk; fhuzkpy;iy.
me;j Kd;Ndw;wj;ij mtd; mila ,iwtd; mtDf;F
gy topfspYk; cjtpaJk; fhuzk;.
xUtd; gpwh; ahuhtJ VjhtJ xUtifapy; Jd;gk;

miltijf; fz;L cz;ikapNyNa ,d;gk; nfhz;lhy;>
gpd;dhspy; mNj Nghd;w Jd;gj;ij mtDf;F ,iwtd;
nfhLf;fpwhh;.
ehNkh ek; Kd; N dhh; f Nsh vg; n ghOjhtJ ve; j

tifapyhtJ ahUf;fhtJ fld;gl;bUe;jhy; mij ek;
%yNkh ekJ thhpR %yNkh> mtUf; N fh mth;
thhpRf;Nfh ,g;gpwtpapNyh my;yJ ,dptUk; gpwtpapNyh
vg; g bahtJ ,iwtd; jpUk; g f; nfhLf; f itj; J
tpLfpwhh;. ,J cz;ik.
vy;yh tpahguj;ijAk; Nghy; jpUkzKk; xU tpahghuk;.

mij Vw;ghL nra;tJ ,iwtd;.
tpjp nfl;lhy; kjp nfLk;. kjp nfl;lhy; tpjp nfLk;.

Mdhy; tpjpAk; kjpAk; xd;Nw. fhuzk; mJ ty;yhd;
tFj;j rl;lk;. ty;yhd; vd;gtd; ,iwtd;.
tho;fi
; fia eph;zapg;gJ tpjpAk; kjpAk;. mjhtJ tpjp
ghjp kjp ghjp. tpjp Mjuthf ,Uf;Fk; nghOJ kjp
rhpahf Ntiy nra;jhy; ew;gyd; $Lk;. ,y;iyNay;
ew;gyd; FiwAk;. tpjp Mjuthf ,y;yhj NghJ kjp
rhpahf Ntiynra;jhy; nfLgyd; FiwAk;. mg;gb
,y; i yNay; nfLgyd; $Lk; . vg; g bapUe; j hYk;
,iwtdplk; ruzile;jhy; ew;gyd; tpisAk;> ekf;Fj;
jFjpapUe;jhy;. KbT vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; kdpjd; jhd;
vLf;fpwhd;. mjw;Fz;lhd #o;epiyfis cUthf;fpf;
nfhLg;gJ ,iwtd;.
rp. fhkuh[; 17
cwf;fj;jpy; ehk; fhZk; fdTfSf;Fk; ek; tho;tpy;

elf;Fk; epfo;TfSf;Fk; VNjh xU njhlh;G ,Uf;fpwJ.
mJ vd;d vd;Wjhd; ekf;Fg; Ghptjpy;iy. Mdhy; xd;W
kl;Lk; epr;rak;. mit vy;yhNk ,iwtdpd;
Mizg;gbAk; tpUg;gg;gbAk;jhd; elf;fpwJ. vy;yhk;
ey;yjhf ,Ue;jhy; mJNt NghJkhdJ. ,iwtd; rpj;jk;.
ahUf; F mwpit mjpfk; nfhLf; f pwhNuh mth; f ; F

,iwtd; mjph;~;lj;ij mjpfk; nfhLg;gJ ,y;iy.
mwpit Fiwj; J f; nfhLf; f g; g l; l th; f ; F ,iwtd;
mjph;~;lj;ij mjpfk; nfhLf;fpwhh;. mtd; mwpitf;
nfhz;L gpioj;Jf; nfhs;thd;. ,td; mjph;~;lj;ijf;
nfhz;L gpioj;Jf; nfhs;thd; vd;gJ ,iwtdpd;
fzf;F. ,iwtdhy; ,uz;Lk; Fiwtpy;yhJ nfhLf;fg;
gl;lth;fs; kfh ghf;fparhypfs;. ,q;Nf mwpT vd;gJ
Kiwahd fy;tp mwpitf; Fwpf;Fk;.
ePbj;j MASs;s xU FLk;g];jDf;F ,iwtd; mtdJ

tho;ehspy; vy;yh tpjkhd czh;TfisAk; czh;jJ ; fpwhh;.
,iwtid ghrj;NjhL Nfhgpj;Jf; nfhs;syhk;. mjpy;
jtwpy;iy. mth; ek;ik Nfhgpj;Jf; nfhs;s khl;lhh;.
khwhf Gd;KWty; G+g;ghh;. ekf;F tpLjiyAk; nfhLg;ghh;.
eP ahUf;Fk; nfLjy; nra;ahkYk; ahh; kPJk; nghwhikg;
glhkYk; ,Ue;jhNy NghJkhdJ. ,iwtd; cd;kPJ
ghrkhf ,Ug;ghh;.
,iwtd; ekJ Neh;ikahd nray;fSf;Fj; Jiz

epw;fpwhh;. rpy Neuq;fspy; mtNu mij Kwpabf;fpwhh;.
rpy Neuq;fspy; kl;Lky;yhJ gy Neuq;fspYk; mg;gbr;
nra;fpwhh;. rpyUf;F mtuJ nray;fs; Neh;ikahdjhf
,Ue;jhYk; $l mijj; njhlh;eJ ; Kwpabf;fpwhh;. mJjhd;
ek; G+h;tfh;kgyd;. mij ehk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;sj;jhd;
Ntz;Lk;.
ehk; vt;tsT Nahf;fpakhf tho;ej ; hYk; ed;whf ,Ue;jhy;

ehk; mNahf; f paj; j dk; nra; J rk; g hjpj; J ed; w hf
,Uf; f pNwhk; vd; W jhd; ,e; j cyfk; vz; z pf;
nfhz;bUf;Fk;. ek; kdj;jpy; tQ;rfk; ,y;iynad;why;
,iwtd; ek;ik tQ;rpf;f khl;lhh;. kdpjh;fis kdpjd;
ahUk; jpUj;j KbahJ. ,iwtDk; jpUj;j khl;lhh;.
mtd; mg;gbj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lnkd;gJ mtuJ
fl;lis. mjdhy; mth; jpUj;j khl;lhh;.
ek; epiyik vg;gb ,Ue;jhYk; xUtUf;F ed;wp

nfl;ljdkhf kl;Lk; ,Uf;ff;$lhJ. ,iwtdplk; mjw;F
kd;dpg;G ,y;iy.
tpjpia kjpahy; nty;yyhk;. Mdhy; tpjpia kjp nty;y

Ntz;Lk; vd;w tpjpaikg;G ,Ue;jhy;jhd; tpjpia kjp
nty;y KbAk;. ,y;iyNay; tpjpia nty;y kjpahy;
KbahJ. fhuzk; tpjpia mikg;gJ ,iwtd;.
njhlh;eJ
; mf;fpukk; nra;fpwtid ,iwtd; jz;bf;fpwhh;.
vg;gbnadpy; Kjypy; mtid vspjhfj; jz;bf;fpwhh;.
rp. fhkuh[; 19
mtd; jpUe;jhJ Nghdhy; jz;lidia

fLikahf;Ffpwhh;. mg;nghOJk; jpUe;jhJ Nghdhy;
mtd; ngz;L gps;isfs; kPJ if itj;J mtid
nraypof;f itf;fpwhh;. mg;nghOJjhd; mtd; jd; jtiw
czh;fpwhd;.
cd;Dld; fglkhf cwthLgth;fis eP czuhtpl;lhYk;

vd;whtJ xUehs; ,iwtd; fhl;bf; nfhLg;ghh;.
ek; tho;fi
; fapy; gyh; gy re;jh;gg
; q;fspy; gy topfspy;
vjw;fhtJ FWf;fpLfpwhh;fs;. mJ ,iwtdpd; nray;.
mth;fs; vy;yhUNk filrptiu ek;Kld; tUtJ ,y;iy.
xUrpyh; kl;LNk ,Wjptiu tUfpwhh;fs;. mth;fs;
ek;Kld; filrptiu tu jFjpAs;sth;fshf ,Ug;ghh;fs;.
rpy Neuq; f spy; ehk; ek; jiytpjpia nehe; J

nfhs;fpwJNghy; ,Uf;Fk;. ,iwtd; mg;gb Nrhjpg;ghh;.
kdpjid kdpjd; Vkhw;WtJ Nghy; ,iwtDk; kdpjid

Vkhw;Wthh;. eP ahiuAk; cd; tho;fi
; fapy; Vkhw;wtpy;iy
vd;why; ,iwtd; cd;id Vkhw;w khl;lhh;.
,iwtd; vd;whtJ xUehs; mNl fpUf;fd;fsh ehd;

xUtd; j hdlh cq; f Sf; F vy; y hk; > NtW ahUk;
,y;iyalh vd;w cz;ikia kdpjh;fSf;F
czh;jJ
; fpwhh;. mjdhy; ve;NeuKk; ,iwtid epidj;Jf;
nfhz;bUe;jhy; tho;tpy; cs;s Nfhzy;fs; vy;yhk;
jhdhf Neuhfp tpLk;.
ekJ rpy Mirfis ,iwtd; G+h;jj

; p nra;fpwhh;. edtpy;
my;yJ fdtpy; my;yJ fw;gidapy;. ,J cz;ik.
vjw;Fk; rpj;jkhf ,Ug;gtid ,iwtidj; jtpu NtW

vtuhYk; vJTk; nra;a KbahJ.
,iwtdplk; Ngha; gyruf;F filg; gl;bay; Nghy;

fz;lnjy;yhk; Nfl;ff;$lhJ. mg;gbf; Nfl;lhy; mth;
VjhtJ xUrpytw;iwj;jhd; nfhLg;ghh;. Kf;fpakhdij
tpl;Ltplyhk;> ,td; vd;d vd;ndd;dNth Nfl;fpwhd;
vd;W. vJ fz;bg;ghf Ntz;LNkh mij kl;Lk; Nfl;f
Ntz; L k; . cdf; F jFjpapUe; j hy; epr; rak; mijf;
nfhLg;ghh;. jd;id ek;ghjth;fis ,iwtd; epiwa
Vkhw;wp gpd; ek;g itf;fpwhh;. ehk; vd;d Nfl;lhYk;
,iwtd; ekf;F nfhLf;f epidj;jijj;jhd; nfhLf;fpwhh;.
tpQ; Q hdpfis ,e; j g; gpugQ; r ,ufrpaq; f is

xt;nthd;whff; fz;Lgpbf;f itg;gNj ,iwtd; jhd;.
fz; Z f; F j; njhpahj Mrhdhf ,Ue; J ,iwtd;
mitfis mth;fSf;Fj; njhpag;gLj;Jfpwhh;. vy;yhj;
Njh;TfspYk; E}w;Wf;F E}W kjpg;ngz; thq;Fgth;
,iwtd; xUtNd. fhuzk; mtUf;Fj; jhd; vy;yhf;
Nfs;tpfSf;Fk; gjpy; njhpAk;.
kdpjd; Ngahf khwyhk;. ,iwtdplk; tuk; Nfl;Lk;

mg;gb khwyhk;. tuk; Nfl;fhkYk; khwyhk;. Mdhy;
rp. fhkuh[; 21
Nga; ,iwtdplk; tuk; Nfl;Lj;jhd; kdpjdhf khw

KbAk;. ehk; ahiug; Ghpe;J nfhz;lhYk;> Ghpe;J
nfhs;shtpl;lhYk; rpwpjsthtJ ,iwtidg; Ghpe;J
nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
tpjpghl;Lf;F mjd; Ntiyiar; nra;Jnfhz;L NghFk;.

cd; i dg; gw; w pj; Jsp$lf; ftiyg; g lhJ. eP j hd;
,iwtdplk; ruzhfjp mile;J mjd; jhf;fj;ijj;
jzpj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,iwtdplk; ruzhfjp
mile;Jtpl;lhy; ehk; fhg;ghw;wg;gLfpNwhk;.
,iwtd; Foe;ij ghf;fpaj;ij nfhLf;Fk; nghOJ

kfpo;Tld; mij Vw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,g;NghJ
Ntz; l hk; vd; W fUitf; fiyf; f j; JzpAk;
ngz;fSf;Fg; gpwF vg;NghJNk me;j ghf;fpaj;ij
,iwtd; nfhLf;fhJ tpl;LtpLtJk; cz;L.
rpy Neuq;fspy; ehNk Vd; flTshf ,Ue;jpUf;ff; $lhJ.

ahNuh flTshf ,Ue;J nfhz;L ,y;yhj mf;fpukq;fs;
vy;yhk; nra;fpwhNu vd;W $l ekf;Fj; Njhd;Wk;. ,J
Nghd;w vz;zq;fis ek; kdj;jpy; cz;L gz;ZfpwtUk;
mNj flTs;jhd;.
,iwtd; ekf;F xd;iw czh;j;j Ntz;Lnkd;why; ek;

kdj;jpw;F kl;Lk; my;yhJ ek; eydpy; cz;ikahd
mf;fiw nfhz;l NtW rpyh; kdj;jpw;Fk; czh;jJ
; fpwhh;.
,iwtd; tpUg;gg;gb jhd; mj;jidAk; elf;Fk;. xd;W
$l khwp elf;fhJ. ,iwtd; jhd; Mirg;gl;lijr;

nra;fpwhh;. mitfis ehk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;s itf;fpwhh;.
,lh;fs; vg;nghOJ ek;iktpl;L tpyf Ntz;LNkh
mg;nghOJjhd; mjw;Fz;lhd topfisAk; ,iwtd;
ekf; F g; Gyg; g l itf; f pwhh; . ehk; ,Of; f pd; w
,Oitf;nfy;yhk; kdpjd; Ntz;Lkhdhy; tUthd;.
,iwtd; tukhl;lhh;. vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; ,iwtd; KbT
nra;tJjhd; ekf;Ff; fpilf;Fk;.
cdf;Fg; Gj;jp nfhLj;jth; ,iwtd;. cdJ Gj;jprhypj;

jdj;jpdhy; eP ,iwtidNah> ,iwtdpd; J}jidNah
Vkhw;wKbahJ.
,iwtd; gytpjkhd kdpjh; f isg; gilf; f pwhh; .

mitfspy; fPof; f
; z;l tiffs; kpf Kf;fpakhdJ. xd;W
mwpTk;> NahfKk; epiwe;j kdpjh;fs;. ,uz;L mwpT
epiwthfTk; Nahfk; FiwthfTk; cs;s kdpjh;fs;.
%d;W Nahfk; epiwthfTk; mwpT FiwthfTk; cs;s
kdpjh;fs;> ehd;F mwpT> Nahfk; ,uz;Lk; Fiwthf
cs;s kdpjh;fs;. ehk; vg;gbg;gl;l kdpjh;fsha; gpwe;jhYk;
,e;j ehd;fhtJ tif kdpjh;fshf kl;Lk; gpwe;J
tplf;$lhJ.
xU gpwtpapyhtJ kfpo;Tld; tho itj;Jg; gpwF vd;id

cd;Dld; mioj;Jf; nfhs; vd;W ,iwtidf; Nfl;Fk;
chpik ekf;F ,Uf;fpwJ. ,iwtDk; mjw;F ,irthh;.
rp. fhkuh[; 23
,iwtid eP tzq;fpdhYk; tzq;fhtpl;lhYk; eP vg;gb

thoNtz;Lnkd;W mth; tpUk;gpdhNuh mg;gb tho
itf;fpwhh;.
Gsp Mapuk; nghe;J Mapuk; vd;gJ tof;F. Gspa kuj;jpd;

MAisf; Fwpf;Fk; milnkhop. xU E}ypy; Gspakuj;jpd;
MAs; ,uz;lhapuk; Mz;Lfs; vd;W nrhy;yg;gl;Ls;sJ.
Gspa kuj;jpw;F mt;tsT MAisf; nfhLj;j ,iwtd;
ey;yNtis kdpjDf;Ff; nfhLf;ftpy;iy. mjw;fhfNt
ehk; ,iwtDf;F ed;wp nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;.
nja; t ,ufrpaq; f s; jpBnud; W ek; kdj; j pw; F

vg;nghOjhtJ Gyg;gLk;. mij mg;gb ek; kdjpw;F
czur; nra;tNj ,iwtd;;jhd;.
,iwtdplk; ehk; Nfl;lJ xd;W fpilj;jhy; me;j

,iwtDf;F ehk; ed;wp nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. mijAk;
Nehpy; nrd;W nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. KbahJ Nghdhy;
khdrPfkhfthtJ nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. ,iwtd; kfpo;thh;.
ek;kplk; NkYk; md;G itg;ghh;.
,iwtdplk; ehk; Nfl;lJ xUNtis ekf;Ff; fpilf;fhJ

Nghdhy; mtiu Nfhgpj;Jf; nfhs;sf;$lhJ. njhlh;e;J
mthplk; gf;jpAld; jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. xU Ntis
ekf;F ,d;ndhU gpwtpapUe;jhy; mg;gpwtpy; ehk;
,g; g pwtpapy; tpUk; g paijf; nfhLj; J mij ehk;
ghpG+uzkhf mDgtpf;f itf;fpwhh;.
rpy Neuq;fspy; ,iwtd; ,Uf;Fkplk; nrd;W mtiug;

ghh;j;J te;j gpwFk; $l ek; kdk; rhe;jp milahJ.
mJTk; ,iwtdpd; nray;jhd;.
kdpjd; nra;Ak; nray;fs; vy;yhNk ,iwtd; mtd;

kdj;jpDs; GFe;J nra;ar; nrhy;Yk; nray;fs; jhd;.
xU kdpjid ,iwtd; Mirapy; y hjtdhfg;

gilj;jpUe;jhy; mtd; ,iwtDf;F ed;wp nrhy;y
Ntz;Lk;.
,iwtd; nra;Ak; mw;Gjq;fSf;Fk; mf;fpukq;fSf;Fk;

msT vd;gNj fpilahJ.
kdKk; ek; Md;khTk; xd;W fyf;Fk;nghOJ ,iwtd;

ek; $lNt ,Uf;fpwhd;.
nja;tk; vd;d epidj;jhYk; mJ ek; tho;f;ifapy;

ele;Nj jPUk;. mij Vw;Wf;nfhs;s ehk; ve;NeuKk; jahuhf
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ek; mwptpw;F mq;F rpwpJ $l
,lkpy;iy.
ek;Kld; mz;zd;> jk;gp> mf;fhs;> jq;if vd;W ahuhtJ

gpwf; fpwhh; fs; . mJNghy; ek; Md; khtpw; F k; cld;
gpwg;Gf;fs; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. mth;fs; NtW ahUk; ,y;iy.
ek; kdk;> kjp> caph;> ,e;j cly;> ,itfs; jhd;.
Mdhy; ekJ cld;gpwg;Gf;fshd ek; mz;zd;> jk;gp>
mf;fhs;> jq;if vy;yhUk; xNu Neuj;jpy; ,e;j cyif
tpl;Lr; nry;tjpy;iy. ekJ Md;kh kl;Lk; jdJ cld;
gpwg; G f; f shd ek; kdk; > kjp> caph; > ,e; j cly;
rp. fhkuh[; 25
vy;yhtw;WlDk; xNu Neuj;jpy; ,e;j cyif tpl;Lr;

nrd;W tpLfpwJ. ,Jjhd; ,iwtdpd; gilg;G ,ufrpak;.
,iwtd; ,jw;F xU gjpy; itj;jpUf;fpwhh;. mJ
Ntnwhd;Wkpy;iy. ehk; ek; cld;gpwg;Gf;fSld; xNu
Neuj;jpy; ,e;j cyfpw;F tUtjpy;iy. ntt;NtW
fhyfl; l j; j py; tUfpNwhk; . mjdhy; ntt; N tW
fhyfl;lj;jpy; ,t;Tyif tpl;Lr; nry;fpNwhk;. Mdhy;
ek; Md;khNth> jd; cld;gpwg;Gf;fSld; xNu Neuj;jpy;
,t;Tyfpw;F tUfpwJ> xNu Neuj;jpy; ,t;Tyiftpl;L
nrd;W tpLfpwJ.
NfhapYf; Fr; nrd; W ,iwtid topgl Ntz; L k;

vd;wpy;iy. mtiu ve;NeuKk; epidj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhy;
mJNt NghJkhdJ.
,iwtd; kdpjDf;F %d;W kdk; gilj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.

fle;j fhy nfl;l epfo;Tfis kwe;J mikjpahf tho
xU kdKk;> fle;j fhy ey;y epfo;Tfis epidj;J
kfpo;e;J tho xU kdKk;> vjph;fhyj;jpy; ey;ytw;iw
fw;gid nra;J Mf;fG+h;tkhf tho xU kdKk;> Mf
%d;W kdk; gilj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,iwtd; xNu xU
kdj; i jg; gilj; J me; j xU kdj; j pw; F s; N sNa
vy;yhtw;iwAk; Gijj;J tpl;lJjhd; kdk; njhlh;ghd
Neha;fSf;Fk; ,d;dy;fSf;Fk; fhuzkhfg; Ngha;tpl;lJ.
ehk; tpUk;GtJ vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; ek; Mo;kdj;jpd;

%yk; ,iwtdplk; njhptpj;Jtpl Ntz;Lk;. ek; ntspkdk;
vq;nfy;yhNkh Rw;wpj;jphpAk;. Mdhy; ek; Mo;kdk; ek;
tpUg; g j; i jj; njhlh; e ; J ,iwtdplk; njhptpj; J f;

nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk;. jFe;j fhyk; tUk;nghOJ ,iwtd;
mijr; nray;gLj;Jthh;. ,J rj;jpak;. ekf;F kl;Lk;
jFjp ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
kzpNkfiyapd; ml;raghj;jpuj;jpy; ms;s ms;s czT

te;J nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fkhk;. mJNghy; ek; tho;ehs;
KOJk; Njhz;bdhYk; ,iw ,ufrpaq;fs;
vq;nfq;nfy;yhNkh ,Ue;J te;J nfhz;L ,Uf;Fk;.
,iwtd; mt;tsT ,ufrpaq;fis vq;nfq;nfy;yhNkh
Gijj;J itj;jpUf;fpwhd;.
xt;nthU kdpjDf;Fk; ,iwtidj; jtpu NtW ahUk;

Jizapy;iy. kw;w Jiznay;yhk; jw;fhypfkhdNj.
ek; mUfpNyNa cs;s rpy cz;ikfis $l ,iwtd;

gyfhyk; fopj;J ekf;Fg; Ghpa itf;fpwhh;.
vtndhUtd; jd; tho;ehspy; mLj;JtUf;Fj; jPq;F

nra; a hJ> jP q ; F nra; a vz; z hJ ,Uf; f pwhNdh
mtDf;F ,iwtd; mtdJ gpw Fw;wq;fis kd;dpj;J
nrhh;f;fj;ijf; nfhLf;fpwhh;.
,iwtd; ek; kdj; j py; vt; t g; n ghOJ vd; n dd; d

czh; T fis cz; L gz; Z thh; vd; g ij kl; L k;
nrhy;yNt KbahJ. ek; mwpthYk; mijf; fl;Lg;gLj;j
KbahJ.
,e; j g; gpugQ; r j; j py; vj; j id cz; i kfis

,iwtd; Gijj; J itj; j pUf; f pwhh; vd; g J kl; L k;
rp. fhkuh[; 27
ahUf;FNk njhpahJ. ,iwtd; xU ,ufrpar;Ruq;fk;.

,iwtdpd; fzf;F kl;Lk; ahUf;Fk; vg;nghOJNk
GhpahJ. mth; fzf; F vg; n ghOJNk kh; k khdJ.
,iwtdpd; yP i yfSk; mg; g bj; j hd; . ehk; ghtk;
nra;fpNwhNkh Gz;zpak; nra;fpNwhNkh> mg;gOf;fpy;yhj
,iwgf;jpAld; ,Ue;jhy;> ,iwtd; ekf;F Nkhl;rk;
nfhLf;fpwhh;. fhuzk;> ehk; ghtk; nra;tJk;> Gz;zpak;
nra;tJk; mthpd; J}z;Ljypd; Nghpy;jhd;. ekJ tho;fi
; f
epfo; T fs; vy; y hNk ,iwtdhy; Kd; $l; b Na
jPh;khdpf;fg;gLfpwJ. Mdhy;> ekf;Fj;jhd; vd;dntd;W
mJ elf;Fk; tiu vJTNk njhpa tUtjpy;iy. ek;
tho;f;ifapy; vy;yhNk ,iwtdpd; rpj;jg;gb elf;fpwJ.
,J cz;ik.
ek; fijia Kbf; f Ntz; L nkd; w hy; ,iwtd;

vg;gbahtJ Kbj;J tpLthh;. ehk; jg;gpf;fNt KbahJ.
mJ xd;Wf;fhtJ ehk; gop ghtj;jpw;F mQ;rp elf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
ekJ FLk;gf; flikfis ehk; Kbg;gjw;F Kd;Ng ek;ik

,iwtd; mioj;Jf; nfhz;lhy;> mf;flikfis Kbf;f
mth; VjhtJ khw;W Vw;ghL itj;jpUf;fpwhh;.
ek; kdk; vd;dndd;dnty;yhk; nrhy;fpwNjh> mnjy;yhk;

Md;kpfk;. ,J cz;ik. ek; kdk; nrhy;tJ vy;yhNk
,iwtd; nrhy; t Jjhd; . ,jpy; re; N jfk; vd; g Nj
fpilahJ. vdNt ek; kdk; vd; n dd; d nty; y hk;
nrhy; f pwNjh mnjy; y hk; ehk; nra; a yhk; . mjpy;
jtwpy;iy. gpwUf;F njhe;juTfs; ,Uf;ff;$lhJ. ghtr;
nraNyh Gz; z par; nraNyh mr; n ray; elf; f

Ntz;Lnkd;why; mjw;F ,iwtd; cjtp nra;fpwhh;.
,iwtdbf;Fk; $j;jpw;Fk; Fk;khsj;jpw;Fk; fzf;F

tof;F vd;gNj fpilahJ. ahh; Ntz;LkhdhYk; ahiu
Ntz;LkhdhYk; Nfs;tp Nfl;fyhk;> ,iwtidf; Nfs;tp
Nfl;f KbahJ.
,iwtd; Mz;fSf;F gilj;jpUf;Fk; Fzq;fs; vy;yhNk

ngz; f Sf; F k; gilj; j pUf; f pwhd; . ve; j vz; z khf
,Ue;jhYk; me;j vz;zj;ij ek; kdj;jpy; cz;L
gz;ZtJ ,iwtd; jhd;. mwptpw;F mq;F ,lkpy;iy.
tho;f;if vg;gbj; jpirkhwpg; NghdhYk; mij Vw;Wf;

nfhs;s kl;Lk; ehk; vg;nghOJk; jahuhf ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;. fhuzk; mJ ,iwtdpd; tpUg;gk;. Kl;lhis
mwpthspahf;FtJk; mwpthspia Kl;lhs; Mf;FtJk;
,iwtdpd; rpj;jk;. mth; tpUg;gg;gb vJ Ntz;LkhdhYk;
vg;nghOJ Ntz;LkhdhYk; elf;Fk;.
,e;j cyfk; cUz;il. Nfhs;fs; midj;JNk cUz;il.

,jpy; ,iwtd; Gijj;J itj;jpUf;Fk; ,ufrpak; vd;d
njhpAkh? ehk; Muk;gpj;j ,lj;jpw;Nf jpUk;g tUNthk;
vd;gJjhd;. ,J rj;jpak;.
kdpjd; kdpjdhf tho Ntz;Lk;. Kbahtpl;lhy; vg;gb

Ntz;LkhdhYk; thoyhk;. mJ ,iwtd; tpjpj;j tpjp.
rp. fhkuh[; 29
,iwtd; vg;nghOJ ,uz;L Ngiu Ngr mDkjpg;ghNuh

mg;nghOJjhd; ehk; Ngr Kbak;. mjw;FKd; ehk;
vd;djhd; Kad;whYk; KbahJ. ,JTk; ,iwtd; tpjpj;j
tpjp jhd;. ,J rj;jpak;.
kdpjd; ey;ytdhf tho Ntz;Lk; vd;W tpUk;Gk;

,iwtd; > mtd; jhWkhwhf ele; J nfhs; S k;
#o;epiyia Vd; cUthf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,J ,iwtd;
nra;Ak; mf;fpukk; jhNd. ,iwtNd mf;fpukk; nra;Ak;
nghOJ ehk; Vd; nra;af;$lhJ? ,jw;Fr; rhpahd gjpy;
vd;dntd;why;> ,iwtd; cUthf;Fk; vg;gbg;gl;l
#o;epiyapYk; xU kdpjd; vg;gb ele;J nfhs;fpwhd;
vd; g ij ,iwtd; Ntbf; i fg; ghh; f ; f pwhh; . mth;
cUthf;Fk; ve;jr; #oypYk; xUtd; Neh;ikahf ele;J
nfhz;lhy; mtDf;Fg; gpwtpg; gpzpapypUe;J tpLjiy
nfhLf;fpwhh;. kw;wtDf;F kPz;Lk; gpwtpiaf; nfhLj;J
mjw;Fz;lhd jz;lidiaAk; nfhLf;fpwhh;. ,J jhd;
cz;ik.
ehk; vd;d jpl;lk; jPl;bapUe;jhYk; mj;jpl;lj;jpw;F

,iwtdpd; MjuT ,Ue;jhy; jhd; mijr; nray;gLj;j
KbAk;. ,y;iynad;why; KbahJ. ,J rj;jpak;.
,iwtd; Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhLf;Fk; #oiy xUtd; Vw;Wf;

nfhz;lhy; mtidf; fhg;ghw;Wk; nghWg;Gk; ,iwtidr;
Nrh;e;jNj. ,J rj;jpak;. ,jw;F ,iwtNd kWg;Gr;
nrhy;y KbahJ.
,iwtDld; ehk; Nghuhlf;$lhJ. kPwp nra;jhy; ehk;

Njhw;W tpLNthk;. ,iwtd; ahUf;Fr; nrhe;jk; vd;w
Nfs;tpiaf; Nfl;Bh;fs; vd;why;> mjw;Fr; rhpahd gjpy;>
,iwtNd fjp vd;W fplg;gth;fSf;Fj;jhd; ,iwtd;
kpfkpfr; nrhe;jk;> NtWahUf;Fk; mth; ntWk; nrhe;jNk.
ehk; epidg;gJ vy;yhk; ele;J nfhz;bUe;jhy; ,iwtDk;

mNj fzf;ifg; Nghl;bUf;fpwhh; vd;W nghUs;.
,iwtd; Vd; cyfj;ij tl;l tbtkhfg; gilf;fhky;

Nfhop Kl;il tbtj;jpy; gilj;jpUf;fpwhh; njhpAkh?
mtuhy; gilf;fg;gl;l kdpjd;> xOq;F Kiwahf ele;J
nfhs;shky; NfhzYk;khdYkhf ele;J nfhs;thd;
vd;gjhy; mth; cyfj;ijNa NfhzYk; khzYkhfg;
gilj;jpUf;fpwhh;.
tho; f ; i fapd; epfo; T fs; vg; g b vg; g bnay; y hNkh

,Uf; F k; . ek; i k vq; n fq; N fh nfhz; L nry; Y k; .
vg;nghOJ vd;d elf;Fk;> ek;ik vq;F nfhz;L nry;Yk;
vd;gij kl;Lk; ahuhYk; cWjpahfr; nrhy;yKbahJ.
xd;W kl;Lk; epr;rak;. ,it vy;yhNk ,iwtdpd;
fl;lisg;gb elg;gitjhd;. ,itnay;yhk; ,iwtdpd;
fl;lis vd;fpwnghOJ ,e;j epfo;Tfisg; gw;wp ehk;
rpwpJk; ftiynfhs;sj; Njitapy;iy. ,iwtdpd;
tpUg;gk; vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; vd;iwf;fhtJ xUehs;
mJ ele;Nj jPUk;. ,J rj;jpak;. ekf;F xd;W fpilf;fpwJ
vd;why; mJ NtWahUk; nfhLj;jJ ,y;iy. ,iwtd;
nfhLj;jJ. mij mg;gbNa Vw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
rp. fhkuh[; 31
mwpthsp mwpthspjhd; . Kl; l hs; Kl; l hs; j hd; .

vg;nghOJhtJ mhpjhf mwpthspia Kl;lhshfTk;>
Kl; l his mwpthspahfTk; ,iwtd; nray; g lr;
nra;fpwhh;.
,iwtdpd; md;igg; ngw ,iwAzh;T> jhh;kf

P czh;T>
Ra jh;k czh;T> ,it %d;Wk; ,Ue;jhNy NghJk;
NtW ve;j Mr;rhuKk; Njitapy;iy.
ek; Mirfisnay;yhk; epiwNtw;WtNj ,iwtd; jhd;.

vdNtjhd; mth; vd;d nra;jhYk; mtiu ehk; Nfhgpj;Jf;
nfhs;sf; $lhJ. ,iwtid Nfhgpj;Jf; nfhs;s ekf;F
mjpfhuNk ,y;iy. fhuzk; ehk; ,iwtdpd; gps;isfs;.
ahh;> ahh; vd;ndd;d gyid ahh; ahh; %yk; mila

Ntz;LNkh me;jg; gyid mth;fs; mile;j gpwF jhd;
xU kdpjid ,e;j cyfj;jpypUe;J ,iwtd; nfhz;L
nry;fpwhh;.
xU kdpjDf;F mstpw;F mjpfkhd jz;lidia

,iwtd; nfhLf;fpwnghOJ mth; Fw;wthspahfpwhh;.
ePjpgjpahf ,Ue;jhYk; me;j ePjpgjp jd; tuk;ig
kPwf;$lhJ. ,e;j epajp ,iwtDf;Fk; nghUe;Jk;.
,iwtd; jh;kKk; nra;thh;> mf;fpukKk; nra;thh;. Mdhy;

mth; mf;fpukk; nra;Ak; nghOJ mJ mf;fpu jh;kkhf
jphpgile;J mtuJ nray;fs; vy;yhNk jh;kkhfp tpLfpwJ.
kdpjdpd; tho; f ; i f kdpjdplk; ,y; i y. mtdJ

tho;f;ifNa ,iwtdpd; ifapy; ,Uf;fpwJ. mij
Kjypy; Ghpe;J nfhs;Sq;fs;. ,iwtdplk; ehk; vd;d
Nfl;lhYk; mth; nfhLg;gijj; jhd; nfhLf;fpwhh;. ehk;
Nfl;gJ vy;yhk; fpilf;Fk; vd;gJ cWjpapy;iy.
ek; tho;fi
; fapy; elg;gij mg;gbNa ehk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;s
Ntz;Lk;. mg;nghOJjhd; ehk; epk;kjpahfTk;> Xustpw;F
kfpo;thfTk; ,Uf;f KbAk;. ek; Mirfs; vy;yhtw;iwAk;
J}u vwpe;J tpl Ntz;Lk;. cz;ikapy; ,iwtd;
tpUk;GtJ ,ijj;jhd;.
,iwtd; kdpjh;fSf;Ff; nfhLf;Fk; Jd;gq;fSf;F msT

vd;gNj fpilahJ. mtiuj;jhd; ehk; fUzh%h;jj ; p vd;W
nrhy;fpNwhk;. mth; mg;gb ek;ikr; nrhy;y itf;fpwhh;.
,JTk; ,iw ,ufrpaNk. ,J rj;jpak;. ,iwtd; xU
khah[hyf;fhud;.
vy;yh mwpthspfSk; tho;f;ifapy; ntw;wp

nfhs;tjpy;iy. xUtd; tho;f;ifapy; ntw;wp ngw
fz;bg;ghf ,iwtdpd; mUs; fpilf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjdhy;
tho;f;ifapy; Njhy;tpAw;wtd; vtDk; Kl;lhs; ,y;iy.
mtDf;F VNdh ,iwaUs; ,y;iy vd;gJjhd; cz;ik.
MZkpy; y hky; ngz; Z kpy; y hky; muthzpfisg;

gilg;ghuhk; ,iwtd;. mijAk; kdpjFyk; nghWj;Jf;
nfhs;s Ntz;Lkhk;. ,iwtd; vt;tsT nfhLikf;fhuh;
ghh;j;jPh;fsh? Vd; ,iwtd; ,e;j muthzpfis mh;j;j
ehhP];tuh;fshfg; gilj;jpUf;ff;$lhJ. Vd; njhpAkh?
rp. fhkuh[; 33
mJ mtuJ mk;rk;. ,iwtDf;F vt;tsT Raeyk;

vd;gijAk; ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;.
kdpjh;fs; ,iwtdpd; thhpRfs;. fhuzk;> ehk; vy;yhUk;

mtuJ gps;isfs; vd;gjhy;.
cyfpYs;s vy;yh elg;GfSf;Fk; %yfh;j;jh ,iwtd;

jhd;. kdk; xd;iw Vd; nrhy;fpwJ> vjw;fhfr; nrhy;fpwJ
vd;gij ahuhYk; fz;Lgpbf;f KbahJ. ,JTk; ,iw
,ufrpaq;fspy; xd;W.
vnjy;yhk; xUtdpd; kNdhjh;kj;jpw;F cl;gl;lNjh

mijnay;yhk; ,iwtd; mq;ff P hpf;fpwhh;. fhuzk;> kNdh
jh;kk; vd;gJ mtuJ tpUg;gj;ijf; Fwpf;fpwJ.
,iwtd; kdpjid Fog;Gthh;. mth; mt;thW nra;Ak;

nghOJ vg; n ghOJ Ntz; L khdhYk; > ahUf; F
Ntz;LkhdhYk; vd;d Ntz;LkhdhYk; elf;Fk;. ehk;
njspthf ,Ue;Jk; gadpy;iy. vjw;fhf ,iwtd;
Fog;GfpwhNuh mJ ele;Nj jPUk;. ,J rj;jpak;.
ghtKk; ghtKk; Nrh;e;jhy; Gz;zpak;. ,jw;F tpsf;fk;

xUtd; ghtq;fs; nra;jhYk; ,iwtd; mtDf;F
,g;gpwtpapNyNa ew;gyd; nfhLf;fpwhh;. fhuzk;> ,e;jg;
ghtk; VNjhnthU Gz;zpaj;jpw;F fUthfpwJ. mjdhy;
xUtd; ghtk; nra;jhYk; ew;gydilfpwhd;. Mdhy;>
mJ vg; n ghOJ Gz; z pa gyid mDgtpf; F k;
mstpw; F g; ghpzhkk; vLf; f pwJ vd; w hy; me; j g;
ghtr;nray; VNjh xU Gz;zpaj;jpw;F tpj;jhfTk;
mike;J ,iwtdpd; mq;fPfhuKk; fpilf;Fk; nghOJ

mg; g htr; nray; Gz; z par; nrayhfg; ghpzhkk;
vLf;fpwJ. eQ;ir kUe;jhfg; gad;gLj;jyhk;. Mdhy;>
rpwpJ Vkhe;jYk; eQ;R jd; Fzj;ijf; fhz;gpj;J tpLk;.
mJNghy; vg;nghOJ mg;ghtr; nray; ,iwtdhy;
mq;fPfhpf;fg;glhJ tpl;Ltplg;gLfpwNjh mg;NghJ mJ
ghtr; nrayhfNt ,Ue;J tpLfpwJ. mijr; nra;jtd;
Gz;zpa gyid mDgtpf;f KbahJ.
,iwtd; ekf;Fr; nra;a epidj;jij vg;nghOJ nra;a

Ntz;LNkh mg;nghOJjhd; nra;fpwhh;. xU nehbg;
nghOJ $l Kd;ghfNth jhkjkhfNth nra;tjpy;iy.
vt;tsT nra;a Ntz;LNkh mt;tsTjhd; nra;fpwhh;.
Jsp$l $LjyhfNth Fiwj;Njh nra;tjpy;iy. mij
vg;gbr; nra;a Ntz;LNkh mg;gbj;jhd; nra;fpwhh;. rpwpJ
$l khWgl;Lr; nra;tjpy;iy. mijAk; ehk; Nfl;lhYk;
Nfl;fhtpl;lhYk; nra;fpwhh;. ,JTk; xU ,iw,ufrpak;.
,J rj;jpak;.
,iwtd;> ,t;Tyif tpl;L ek;ik vg;nghOJ>vq;Nf>

vg;gbf; nfhz;L Nghf Ntz;LNkh mg;nghOJ> mq;Nf>
mg;gbf; nfhz;L Nghthh;. ehk; Kaw;rp nra;jhYk; $l
nehbg;nghOJ $l Kd;ghfNth> jhkjkhfNth nfhz;L
nry;y khl;lhh;. nrhh;ff
; k; vd;why; nrhh;ff
; j;jpw;Fk;> eufk;
vd;why; eufj;jpw;Fk; nfhz;Lnry;thh;. khw;wpf; nfhz;L
Nghf khl; l hh; . cd; ghtq; f is kd; d pg; g Jk; >
kd;dpf;fhjJk; mth; tpUg;gk;. eP neUg;ghy; mopa
Ntz;Lk; vd;why; neUg;ghy; moptha;. ePuhy; mopa
Ntz;Lk; vd;why; ePuhy; moptha;. kz;zpy; Gije;J
mopa Ntz;Lnkd;why; kz;zpy; Gije;J moptha;>
rp. fhkuh[; 35
eQ;rhy; mopa Ntz;Lnkd;why; eQ;rhy; moptha;>

MAjj;jhy; mopa Ntz;Lnkd;why; MAjj;jhy; moptha;>
J}f;Fg; Nghl;L rhf Ntz;Lnkd;why; Jf;Fg; Nghl;L
rhtha; . vJTNk khWgl; L elf; f hJ. Mdhy; >
vtndhUtd; nehbg; nghOjpy; rpukkpy;yhJ ,t;Tyif
tpl; L r; nry; f pwhNdh mtd; Gz; z pathd; . mtd;
,iwtdpd; md;gpw;F chpatd;.
,Wjpahf ek;kdk; nrhe;j ge;jq;fs;> fl;ba fztd;>

kidtp vy;yhiuAk; tpl;Ltpl;L ,iwtdplk; kl;Lk;jhd;
yapf;Fk;. ,JTk; xU ,iw ,ufrpak;.
,iwtd; xUtd; mwpe; N jh mwpahkNyh nra; A k;

ghtq;fis kd;dpf;fpwhh;. Mdhy;> Ntz;Lnkd;Nw xUtd;
,d;ndhUtDf;Fr; nra;Ak; ghtq;fis kd;dpg;gNj
,y;iy.
mg;gh> cq;fs; topg;gb vd;dhy; elf;f KbahJ> vd;id

kd;dpj;Jf; nfhs;Sq;fs;. ehd; vd; topg;gb ele;J
nfhs;fpNwd;. ey; topjhd;> vd;id tho;jJ
; q;fs;> vdf;F
cjtp nra;Aq;fs;> topfhl;Lq;fs; vd;W xU gps;is
ek;ikf; Nfl;lhd; vd;why; mtd; cj;jkd;> ey;y gps;is.
,iwtd; mtDf;Fj; Jiz epw;ghh;. mtid ehk; kdjhu
tho;j;j Ntz;Lk;. ey;yNj elf;Fk;. ,J rj;jpak;.
epidf;fhjijnay;yhk; elj;jpf; fhl;Lgth;jhd; ,iwtd;.

,iwtd; vd;d Ntz;LkhdhYk; nra;thh;. mij ehk;
jhq;fpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mJjhd; mtuJ ePjp njhpe;J
nfhs;Sq;fs;.
ek; tho;f;if tpjpapd; nray; vd;whYk; ek; kdjpw;Fk;

mjpy; gq;Fz;L. fhuzk;> kdk; Md;khtpd; gpujpepjp.
Mf> ,iwtdpd; <LghL ,y;yhJ ek; tho;f;ifapy;
vJTNk elf;fhJ. ,e;j cyfj;jpy; ekf;Fj; Jiz
,iwtd; kl;LNk. NtW ahUk; ,y;iy. ,J rj;jpak;.
gpwhplk; VjhtJ Ngrpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; nghOJ kwe;Jk;

vdJ tho;f;ifapy; ,Jtiu ,JNghy; Jau epfo;T
vJTk; elf;ftpy;iy vd;W kl;Lk; nrhy;yp tplhjPh;fs;.
mg;gb nrhd;dPh;fshdhy;> ePq;fs; mg;gbr; nrhd;dgpwF
$ba tpiutpy; mNj Jau epfo;T cq;fs; tho;fi ; fapy;
elf;Fk;. ,iwtd; ,jpYk; VNjh ,ufrpaj;ij Gijj;J
itj;jpUf;fpwhh;.
ehk; vg;nghOJ vd;d nra;a Ntz;Lk; vd;W ,iwtd;

nrhy;yNt khl;lhh;. Mdhy; ek; kdj;jpd; %yk; cj;juTfs;
Nghl;Lf; nfhz;NlapUg;ghh;. mijj;jhd; ek;khy; nra;a
KbAk;> NtW vJTNk nra;a KbahJ.
tz;bfs; rhiyapy; gazk; nra;Ak;> uapy; tz;b

jz;lthsj;jpy; gazk; nra;Ak;> tpkhdk; Mfhaj;jpy;
gazk; nra;Ak;> fg;gy; flypy; gazk; nra;Ak;. tpjp
ek; kdk; vd;Dk; khah topapy; gazk; nra;Ak;. vy;yh
topfSf;Fk; Muk;gk;> KbT vd;W xd;W cz;L. ,e;j
tpjpf;Fk; Muk;gKk; cz;L> KbT vd;Wk; xd;W cz;L.
Muk;gpf;Fk; ,lk; Nguhd;kh vd;Dk; ,iwtd;> KbAk;
,lk; mNj ,iwtd; jhd;.
Mr;rhuk; vJthf ,Ue;jhYk;> mij filg;gpbf;f Kbahj

NghJ tpl;Ltplyhk;. mJ jtwpy;iy.
rp. fhkuh[; 37
,e;jg; gpugQ;rj;jpy; xopj;J itj;jpUf;Fk; cz;ikfis

,iwtd; vy;yhUf;Fk; czh;jJ ; tjpy;iy. mNj Neuj;jpy;>
xNu xUtUf;F kl;Lk; czh;jJ ; tJkpy;iy. Mq;fhq;Nf>
Njrk; thhpahf gyUf;F NtWgl;l epiyfspy;> NtWgl;l
Neuq;fspy;> ntt;NtW topfspy; czh;j;Jfpwhh;. ahh;
,iwtd; mUshy;> jhd; czh;e;j cz;ikia jFe;j
gpwhplk; vLj;J tpsf;fpf; $wp> mtiuAk; Ghpa itj;J>
Vw;Wf; nfhs;sr; nra;J> mq;ff P huk; ngWfpd;whNuh mth;
NgUk; GfOk; milfpwhh;.
2. Md;kh> caph;> cly;
jFe;j fhuzj;jpw;fhf nra;a Ntz;ba flik xd;iw

nra;a KbahjNghJ Md;kh cd;id kd;dpf;fpwJ.
Md;khtpw;F Md;khtpd; kPJ re;Njfk; Vw;gLk;. mJ

khia. vg;NghJ ek; Md;khtpd; kPJ ekf;F re;Njfk;
cz;lhfpwNjh> mg;NghJ ,iwtd; ekf;F cjtj;
jaq;Ftjpy;iy. ehk; jhd; mtdJ cjtpiag; ngw
jFjpAs;stuhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
gpwtpfs; Md;khtpd; njhlh;r;rp> Md;kh ,iwepiy

milAk; tiu kdk; tpUk;gpdhy; gpwtpfs; njhlUk;.
gpwtpfs; njhluTk; ehk; tpUk;Gk; epiy milaTk;
kdk; mDkjpj;jhy; ,iwtdplk; Ntz;bf; nfhs;syhk;.
kdk; jhd; mij tpUk;g Ntz;Lk;. kdj;jplk; Nfl;lhy;
mJNt gjpYk; nrhy;Yk;. ,q;Nf kdk; vd;gJ Md;khtpd;
epiyia milfpwJ. vdNt> kNdhrhe;jp vd;gJ Mj;k
rhe;jpiaf; nfhLf;fpwJ. kdKk; Md;khTk; Nrh;e;J
,iwepiyia mila tpUk;Gk;nghOJ ehk; ,iwtid
milfpNwhk;.
kdk; tpUk; G tJ vy; y hNk Md; k htpd; tpUg; g k; .

Md;khtpd; tpUg;gj;jpw;F khw;wk; vd;gJ ,y;iy.
Mirfs; cs;stiu Md;kh rhe;jp milahJ.
ek; flikfspy; kpf kpf Kf;fpakhd flik ehk; ek;

Md;khtpw;F nra;a Ntz;ba flikjhd;. ek; Md;khtpd;
Ntz;ly; ek; kdjpd; %yk; ntspg;gLfpwJ. me;j
rp. fhkuh[; 39
Ntz;ly; vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; mij ehk; nra;ayhk;.

mjpy; jtwpy;iy.
kdk; xd;iw vz;zptpl;lhy; vd;whtJ xU ehs; mij

nray; g Lj; J k; jd; i kAs; s J. mJ vz; z paij
nray;gLj;jpa gpwFjhd; mjw;F rhe;jp fpilf;fpwJ. ,J
Mo;kdj;jpd; Ntl;if. Mo;kdj;jpd; Ntl;if Md;khtpd;
Ntl;if. Md;khtpd; Ntl;iff;F kWg;G vd;gJ ,y;iy.
,JTk; rj;jpak;.
Md;kh xd;iw tpUk;Gk; nghOJ kdk; mjw;Fj; Jiz

NghFk;. mwpTk; gpd; njhlh;e;J nry;Yk;. mJ tpjpapd;
tpisahl;L> ,iwtdpd; fl;lis. ,JTk; rj;jpak;.
mq;Nf ngha;f;F ,lkpy;iy.
ek; tho;f;ifapy; kpf kpf Kf;fpakhdJ Mj;krhe;jp

miltJ jhd;. ek; kdk; rhe;jp milAk;nghOJ ek;
Md;khTk; rhe;jp milfpwJ. mjdhy; ek; kd rhe;jpf;fhf
mJ nrhy;tijnay;yhk; ehk; nra;ayhk;. kdjpw;F kdNk
ePjpgjp.
rpy Neuq;fspy; ek; kdk; vijANk czuhkYk;> ek;

mwpT vijANk rpe;jpf;fhkYk; ,uz;Lk; #dpakhf
,Uf;Fk;. mg;nghOJ mit ,uz;LNk ekf;Fs; ,Uf;Fk;
Md;khTld; Ngrpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
Md;kh ehk; kfpo;it Nehf;fpr; nrd;whYk; mopit

Nehf;fpr; nrd;whYk; mJ kfpo;r;rpahfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;.
Mde;jj;jpw;Fk; moptpw;Fk; Md;khtpw;F NtWghL
njhpahJ.
mwpTk; kdKk; Nrh;e;J capiu tpl;L tpL vd;W

nrhd;dhy; kdpjd; mjw;F Kaw;rpf;fpwhd;. Mdhy;> caph;
vg;nghOJ Nghf Ntz;Lk; vd;W ,iwtd;
eph;zapj;jpUf;fpwhNuh mg;nghOJjhd; NghFk;.
ek; tpUg;gk; vJthf Ntz;LkhdhYk; ,Uf;fyhk;. mijj;

J}z; L tJ Nguhd; k hthfg; g l; l ,iwtd; . me; j
Nguhd;khtpd; Jspahfg;gl;l ek;Ks; ,Uf;Fk; Md;kh>
ek; kdk; > ek; mwpT> ek; cly; ,jpy; vij
Ntz;LkhdhYk; J}z;lyhk;. Mdhy; fz;bg;ghf ,jpy;
ek; capUf;F kl;Lk; ve;jg; gq;Fk; fpilahJ. mJ ek;
clk;gpDs; ,Uf;fpwJ. vg;nghOJ ,e;j clk;ig tpl;Lg;
Nghf Ntz; L Nkh mg; n ghOJ mJ Ngha; t pLk; .
mt;tsTjhd; mjd; Ntiy. Mf ,e;j capiuj; jtpu
NtW vJ ,iwtdhy; J}z;lg;gl;lhYk; mJ ey;yjhf
,Ue;jhYk; nfl;ljhf ,Ue;jhYk; mjw;F ,iwtd;
Jiz Nghthh;. ey;yjhf ,Ue;jhy; ekf;F cah;T>
nfl;ljhf ,Ue;jhy; ekf;Fj; jho;T. Mdhy; ,e;j cah;T
jho;itg; gw;wp kdk; rpwpJk; ftiy nfhs;shJ. mjw;F
Ntz; b aJ mJ tpUk; g paJ elf; f Ntz; L k; .
mt;tsTjhd;. nrhy;yg;Nghdhy; tho;fi ; fapd; jj;JtNk
,Jjhd;.
ehk; cwq;Fk; nghOJ ek; %is cwq;Ftjpy;iy.

mg;nghOJk; mJ Ntiy nra;J nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. mJ
KOjhf ,wf;Fk;NghJ ehKk; ,wf;fpNwhk;.
rp. fhkuh[; 41
mwpTf;Nf cj;juT Nghlf;$ba ty;yik gilj;jJ kdk;.

Mdhy; kdk;NghLk; cj;juTfis nray;gLj;Jk;gb mwpT
clYf;F cj;juT Nghl;lhYk;> cly; xj;Jiof;ftpy;iy
nad;why; ,e;j mwpthYk; kdj;jhYk; vJTk; nra;a
KbahJ.
cioj;Jf; nfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk; nghOJ Xa;ntLf;fr;

nrhy;yp ek; clk;G ek;ik vr;rhpf;if nra;Ak;. clk;G
vr;rhpf;if nra;Jtpl;lhy; mij kjpf;fj; jtwf;$lhJ.
ek; clk;G xj;Jioahik ,af;fj;jpy; <Lgl;Ltpl;lhy;
ek; mwpthYk; kdj;jhYk; vJTk; nra;a KbahJ.
kz;NzhL kz;zhfg; NghFk; ,e;j clk;G capUld;

,Uf;Fk; nghOJ mj;jid Rfk; Nfl;fpwJ. mjw;Fk;
me;j ,iwtNd fhuzk;.
3. tpjp> kdk;> kjp
ehk; ahiu Ntz;LkhdhYk; ek;gyhk;. ,iwtid

ek;gyhk;. Mdhy; ,iwtd; tpjpj;j tpjpia kl;Lk; ek;g
KbahJ. fhuzk; mijg; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Kbe;jhy;
jhNd ek;g KbAk;. mjdhy; tpjpia KOjha; Ghpe;J
nfhz;lth; vtUk; ,y;iy. XusTf;Fj;jhd; Ghpe;J
nfhs;s KbAk;. tpjp vy;yhUf;Fk; xd;WNghy; cjthJ.
tho;fi; fapy; Kd;Ndw Neh;ikahd topfspy; Kaw;rpfs;

vLj;Jf; nfhz;Nl ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. yhgk; ,Ue;jhy;
rhp. ,y;iynad;why; mJ tpjpapd; nray;. jz;lid
vJTk; ngUk;ghYk; ,Uf;fhJ. Mdhy;> Neh;ikapy;yhj
topfspy; Kaw;rpfs; vLj;jhy; gyd; fpilj;jhYk;
fpilf;fhtpl;lhYk; jz;lid vd;gJ kl;Lk; cWjp.
mjpypUe;J ahuhYk; jg;gpf;f KbaJ. mJTk; tpjpjhd;.
tha;ikNa nty;Yk;. vg;nghOjhtJ tha;ik Njhw;why;

mJ tpjp. ngha;ik nty;yhJ. vg;nghOjhtJ ngha;ik
ntd;why; mJTk; tpjpNa.
tpjpia filrpahfj;jhd; kdpjd; Fiw nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;.

KjypNyNa tpjpapd; kPJ gopiag; Nghlf;$lhJ. eP
mwpitf; nfhz; L rhpahf nray; g l; L > Ntz; b a
Kaw;rpfs; vy;yhk; nra;J> rhpahd topapYk; nrd;W
Njhy;tpfis mile;jhy; mJjhd; tpjpapd; nray;. vLj;j
vLg; g py; tpjpapd; kP J gop NghLtJ rhpapy; i y.
mijj;jhd; fh;kg; gyd; vd;W nghpNahh; nrhy;ypr;
nrd;wpUf;fpwhh;fs;.
rp. fhkuh[; 43
ek; Gj;jp xOq;fhf Ntiy nra;Jk; tho;tpy; nfl;Lg;

Nghdhy; mJ tpjpapd; nray;. ,J NtW. ek; Gj;jpNa
xOq;fhf Ntiy nra;ahjjhy; tho;tpy; nfl;Lg; NghtJ
NtW. mJTk; tpjpapd; nray; jhd;.
rhpahd fhuzj; j pw; f hf vLf; f g; g Lk; fLikahd

eltbf;iffs; vg;nghOJk; rhpahd fhyfl;lj;jpy; ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;. mg;gb ,Ue;jhy; eP rhjhuz kdpjdhf
,Ue;jhYk; $l mJ Njhy;tp miltJ ,y;iy. rhpahd
fhuzk; ,y;yhkNyh> rhpahd fhykhf ,y;yhkNyh
,Ue;jhy; fLikahd eltbf;iffs; vJTk;
vLf;ff;$lhJ. mJ Njhy;tpapy; KbAk;. tpjpAk; cdf;F
cjt Ntz;Lk;. vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; kdpjd; tho;fi ; fapy;
elg;gij Vw;Wf; nfhz;L NghFk; fl;lhaj;jpy; ,Uf;fpwhd;.
mJ tpjpapd; Ntiy.
kpfg;nghpa khtPuidAk; $l tpjp Nfhioahf;fp tpLk;.

gzj;jpw;Fk;$l me;j tY cz;L. Mdhy;> Rj;j tPuid
gzk; mg;gbr; nra;a KbahJ. ,aw;ifapy; Rj;j tPud;
ve;jr; #oypYk; Nfhioahf khl;lhd;. gzj;jhy; mtid
vJTk; nra;a KbahJ.
tpjp mjd; topNa nry;Yk;. ehKk; ek; topNa nry;yyhk;.

Mdhy; ehk; rhpahd topapy; nrd;why; tpjpapd; jhf;fk;
ekf;F mjpfk; ,Uf;fhJ. eP vt;tsTjhd; vr;rhpf;ifAld;
,Ue;jhYk; ve;j tifapyhtJ tpjp cd;id ntd;W
tpLk;. tpjpAld; vjph;j;J tpisahLtijtpl tpjpAld;
Nrh;e;J tpisahLtJ ey;yJ.
eP thoNtz;Lk; vd;why; tpjp cd;id tho itf;Fk;.

,y; i y rhfj; j hd; Ntz; L nkd; w hy; mJ cd; i d
rhtbj;J tpLk;. cd; vjphp vg;gbg;gl;l mrfha #udhf
,Ue;jhYk; mtdplkpUe;J cd;idf; fhg;ghw;wpf; nfhs;s
KbAk;. Mdhy;> tpjp cdf;F vjpuhfr; nray;gl;lhy;
cd;dhy; mjdplkpUe;J jg;gpf;f KbahJ.
eP ,e;j cyfj;jpNyNa khngUk; tPudhf ,Uf;fyhk;.

Mdhy; tpjp cdf;F cjt tpy;iynad;why; xU
vypf;FQ;irf; $l cd;dhy; nty;y KbahJ.
eP kpFe; j ,iwg; g w; W cs; s tdhf ,Uf; f yhk; >

jh; k rpe; j id cs; s tdhf ,Uf; f yhk; > ghtq; f s;
nra;ahjtdhf ,Uf;fyhk;> ,iwtd; re;epjhdj;jpy; epd;W
,iwtid topgl; L f; nfhz; L $l ,Uf; f yhk; .
mg;nghOJk; $l cdf;F VjhtJ nfLjy; elf;fyhk;.
,JTk; tpjpapd; tpisahl;Ljhd;.
tpjpg;gb eP xd;iw mDgtpj;Jjhd; Mf Ntz;Lk; vd;why;

cdf; F ey; y J vJ nfl; l J vJ vd; W nrhy; y f;
$bath;fisf; $l mijr; nrhy;y tplhky; tpjp jLj;J
tpLk;.
Md;k tprhuk; vy;yhUf;Fk; Vw;gLfpwJ. kjp kaq;fp

kdKk; J}z;Lk;nghOJ Md;k tprhuk; Vw;gLfpwJ.
re;jh;g;gKk; rhjfkhFk; nghOJ Fw;wq;fs; elf;fpwJ.
mJTk; tpjpg; gaNd.
rp. fhkuh[; 45
mwpit jd; topf;Ff; nfhz;Ltu kdj;jhy; KbAk;.

kdij jd; topf;Ff; nfhz;Ltu tpjpahy; KbAk;. tpjp
ekf;fhf fhj;jpUf;fhJ. mJ nra;tij nra;J nfhz;L
Ngha;f; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. ehKk; vjph;ePr;ry; Nghlf;$lhJ.
mjd; topapy; $Lkhdtiu ghJfhg;ghfr; nrd;W
tho; f ; i fapy; fiuNawpf; nfhs; s Ntz; L k; . tpjp
rhpapy;iy vd;why; mJ tpul;b tpul;bf; nfLf;Fk;.
cd;dhy; jg;gpf;f KbahJ.
gy re;jh;g;gq;fspy; kjp nrhy;tij kdk; Nfl;fhJ. ehd;

nrhy; t ijr; nra; vd; W kjpf; F kdk; cj; j uT
Nghl;LtpLk;. vdNt> xUtifapy; kjpf;F kdj;ij
gpbf;fhJ. Kbtpy; tpjp tpisahLk;nghOJ kjp tpjpf;F
xj;Jiof;Fk;. gpwF ,e;j kdk; tUj;jg;gLk;. kjp
nfl;Ltpl;lJ> mJ Ntiy nra;atpy;iy vd;W kdk;
kjpiaf; Fiwnrhy;Yk;. ,JTk; tpjpapd; tpisahl;Ljhd;.
fhuzk; kjp> kdk; ,uz;bw;Fk; tpjp NkyhdJ.
kdk;> kjp ,uz;Lk; xd;Wf;nfhd;W xj;Jioj;J $l;lhf

Ntiy nra;Ak; nghOJ tpjp jd; Ntiyia rw;W
js;spg; NghLfpwJ. ,y;iy jd; gyj;ij fhz;gpf;fj;jhd;
Ntz;Lk; vd;why; tpjp mjw;Fj; jaq;Ftjpy;iy. mjd;
gyj;ij ve;j tifapYk; fhz;gpj;J tpLfpwJ.
tpjpapd; tpisahl;LfSf;F kdpjid Fiw nrhy;yf;

$lhJ. xUtdJ fijia Kbf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;why;
tpjp nehbg; nghOjpy; Kbj;Jtpl;Lg; Ngha;tpLk;. mtdJ
Gj; j prhypj; j dk; vJTk; nray; g lhJ. kdpjh; f is
Vkhw;wyhk;. tpjpia Vkhw;w KbahJ.
,e; j g; gpwtpapy; eP vjw; f hf kpFe; j rpukq; f Sk;

Jf;fq;fSk; milfpwhNah> mJ njhlh;ghd fhhpaq;fspy;
eP nrd;w gpwtpapy; mf;fpukq;fs; nra;jpUg;gha;. mJjhd;
tpjp.
kdpjd; Vkhw;Wtij Ghpe;J nfhs;syhk;. Mdhy; tpjp

Vkhw;Wtij Ghpe;Jnfhs;s nghJthf KbahJ. eP
Mztkhf ,Uf;fpwha; vd;why; tpjp ,d;Dk; cd;dplk;
tpisahltpy;iy vd;W nghUs;.
tho; f ; i fia kpf tpiutpy; Ghpe; J nfhz; L ek;

Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;F njhlh;eJ
; mf;fiwAlDk;> fUj;JlDk;
Kaw;rp nra;J nrayhf;fk; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. mjw;Fk;
kPwp ehk; tPo;e;jhy; mJ tpjpapd; tpisahl;L. ehk;
Kl;lhs;fs; ,y;iy. ek;ik Kl;lhs; vd;W epidg;gth;jhd;
mbKl;lhs;fs;.
kdpjd; rjp nra;jhy; jg;gpj;Jf; nfhs;s top ,Uf;Fk;.

tpjpNa rjp nra;jhy; mjw;F ,lkpUf;fhJ. tpjpia
ntd;wth; kpf kpfr; rpyNu. mjw;F ,iwtdpd; mUs;
Ntz; L k; . kjpNtiy nra; a tpy; i ynad; w hy; tpjp
tpisahb tpLk;. kjpiaAk; kPwp tpjp tpisahbdhy;
mJ tpjpapd; typik.
rp. fhkuh[; 47
30 yl;rk; &gha; ngUkhdk; cs;s xU fhh; 10 &gha;

el;L ,y;yhky; tpgj;Jf;F cs;shtJ Nghy;> nghpa
nghpa jpl;lq;fs; vy;yhk; xU rpW fUj;ij fzf;fpy;
vLj;Jf; nfhs;shjjhy; Njhy;tpapy; KbAk;. mJjhd;
tpjp. $Lkhdtiu tpjpf;F ,lk; nfhLf;ff;$lhJ.
xUtdJ ciog; G tP z hff; $lhJ. ngUk; g hYk;

tPzhfhJ. xUNtis tPzhdhy; mJ mtdJ jiytpjp.
mij mtd; Vw;Wf;nfhs;sj;jhd; Ntz;Lk;.
fy;tp fw;gjw;Fk; xUth; tho;fi

; fapy; tsKld; ed;whf
,Ug;gjw;Fk; xU njhlh;Gk; ,y;iy. ehk; ed;whf
,Ug;gJk;> ,y;yhjpUg;gJk; ek; G+h;t fh;k gyidg;
nghUj;jJ. mJjhd; tpjp. tpjpahfg;gl;lJ xU Qhdpapd;
%isia $l kOq;fbj;J tpLk;.
ek; Mirfs; NtW> tpjpapd; fzpg;G NtW> mhpjhfj;

jhd; ,uz;Lk; xd;whf ,Uf;Fk;. mJ xd;whf ,y;yhj
NghJ tho; t pd; epfo; T fis mg; g bNa Vw; W f;
nfhs;tijj; jtpu kdpjdhy; NtW vJTk; nra;a
KbahJ. vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; ,Wjpahf gop ahh; kPJ
tpOk; vd;why; tpjp kPJjhd; tpOk;. mJjhd; cz;ikAk;
$l. ehk; epidf;fhjJ vy;yhk; elf;fpwNj mij elj;JtJ
tpjp.
rpwe;j mwpthspfSf;F $l %is rpy rkak; ehd;

Ntiy nra;a khl;Nld; vd;W mlk;gpbf;Fk;. kdjpw;F
mJ fl;Lg;gl;lJ vd;whYk; $l ,e;j kdk; vd;d
nfQ;rpdhYk; mjd; topf;F tuhJ. mJ tpjpapd; nray;.
mt; t g; n ghOJ cs; s re; j h; g ; g #o; e piyfSf; F j;

jFe;jhw;Nghy kdk; vd;d nrhy;fpwNjh mJNghy; ele;J
nfhs; t Jjhd; tho; ; f ; i f. Mdhy; > ,e; j re; j h; g ; g
#o;epiyfis cUthf;FtJ tpjp. tpjpia ntd;wth;
ahUkpy; i y. Mirfs; vJTkpd; w p ,iwtid
vg;nghOJk; epidj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jhy; kl;LNk mij
vjph;nfhs;s KbAk;. tpjpia eph;zapg;gJ ,iwtd;.
ey;yJk; nfl;lJk; ek;ik ehb tUk;. mij czh;e;J

ey;yij mDgtpj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. jtwpdhy;
kPz;Lk; mJ tUtJ mhpJ. nfl;lJ tUtij czh;e;J
mjpypUe;J jg;gpf;f ehk; vd;djhd; Kad;whYk; mJ
ek;ik tplhJ. tpul;bte;J vg;gbahtJ ek;ik gpbj;Jf;
nfhs;Sk;. mJjhd; tpjpAk; mjd; rf;jpAk;.
tpjp rhjfkhf ,Ue;J ed;whf tho;gtid Gj;jprhyp

vd;Wk;> tpjp ghjfkhf ,Ue;J ed;whf tho Kbahjtid
Kl;lhs; vd;Wk; ,e;j cyfk; nrhy;fpwJ. cz;ikapy;
Gj;jprhyp> Kl;lhs; vd;W ahUk; ,y;iy. kdpjdpd;
kz;ilf;Fs; %is ,Uf;fpwJ> mt;;tsTjhd;. mJ
re;jh;gg
; #o;epiyf;Fj; jFe;jhw;Nghy; Ntiy nra;fpwJ.
kdk; Ngjik milahJ ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
rp. fhkuh[; 49
eP Rj;j khtPudhfTk;> rpwe;j mwpthspahfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;.

Mdhy; eP mre;jhy; ,d;ndhU kdpjdhy; cd;idf;
fhypgz;z KbAk;. tpjp ,Uf;fpwNj tpjp> mjdhy; eP
mre;jhYk; mruhtpl;lhYk; cd;idf; fhyp gz;z KbAk;.
nfl; b f; f hud; ,Of; F k; ,Oitf; n fy; y hk; kdpjd;
Ntz;Lkhdhy; tUthd;. tpjp tuhJ. tpjp vg;nghOJNk
xUtDf;F cjtpf; nfhz;bUf;fhJ. mJ vg;nghOJ
ftpo;j;Jk; vd;Wk; nrhy;y KbahJ. cd;id Gj;jprhyp
Mf;FtJk;> Kl;lhs; Mf;FtJk; cd; %is ,y;iy>
cd;Dila tpjp.
gpd;dhspy; elf;fg; NghFk; xd;iw ek; thf;F %yNkh

my;yJ gpwh; thf;F%yNkh tpjp Kd;$l;bNa nrhy;y
itf;Fk;.
cd;dhYk;> vd;dhYk; my;yJ NtW vtuhYk; tpjpapd;

Nghf;if khw;w KbahJ. tpjp vd;d Ntz;LkhdhYk;
nra;Ak;. mJ vg;nghOJ vd;d nra;Ak; vd;gJ kl;Lk;
ahUf;Fk; njhpahJ. mt;tsT ,ufrpakhdJ.
ek; nray;ghLfs; vy;yhk; kdk; nrhy;fpwgbjhd; ,Uf;Fk;.

ek; mwpT vd;d nrhd;dhYk; ek; kdk; nrhy;tijj;jhd;
ek;khy; nra;a Kaw;rpf;f KbAk;. me;j Kaw;rpapy; ntw;wp
miltJk;> ntw;wp mila KbahJ NghtJk; ek; ifapy;
,y;iy. elg;gJ tpjpg;gb elf;Fk;.
tpjpf;F xj;Jioj;Jf; nfhz;Nl Nghdhahdhy; xU

fhyfl;lj;jpy; xd;Wkpy;yhky; $l ,Uf;fyhk;> my;yJ
NfhB];tudhfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy;> vg;gbNah
tho;f;if RKfkhf XbtpLk;.
tpjp ghl;Lf;F mjd; Ntiyiar; nra;J nfhz;bUf;Fk;.

mJ ahUf;Fk; fl;Lg;glhJ. Mdhy; mjd; Nghf;if
czh;e;J Kd;ndr;rhpf;ifNahL ek; %isf;F rpwpJ
Ntiy nfhLj;Njhkhdhy; mjd; jhf;fj;ij ek;khy;
rkhspf;f KbAk;. NkYk;> ,iwtdplk; ek;gpf;ifAk;
Ntz;Lk;. tpjpf;F Kd;dhy; kdpjh;fs; vy;yhUNk
Kl;lhs;fs; my;yJ Vkhspfs;. vt;tsNth
Kd;ndr;rhpf;ifahf tho;tpy; ,Ue;jhYk; $l VjhtJ
tpUk;gj;jfhjJ ek;ikAk; kPwp elf;fyhk;.
rh];jpuk; rk me;j];J cs;s FLk;gj;jpy; jhd; jpUkz

rk;ge;jk; nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;W nrhy;fpwJ.
Kd; fhyq;fspy; FLk;g guk;giu Fzk; Kjypatw;iw
rhpahf tprhhpj;J mwpe;J gpd;G jpUkz rk;ge;jk; nra;J
nfhs;thh;fs;. ,g;nghOJ mjw;nfy;yhk; topapy;yhJ
Ngha;tpl;lJ. ghuk;ghpak; vq;Nfh nrd;W tpl;lJ. me;j
,lj;ijg; gzk; gw;wpf; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. ,JTk; tpjpapd;
tpisahl;Ljhd;.
el;Gf;F ,izahd cwT NtW vJTk; ,y;iy. Mdhy;>

,e;j el;GwitAk; tpjp nfLf;Fk; ty;yik cilaJ.
ehk; ek; %isia ey;y tpjkhfg; gad;gLj;jpdhYk;
rp. fhkuh[; 51
$l tpjp ek;ikf; nfLf;Fk; ty;yik cilaJ. ehk;

ek; %isiag; gad;gLj;jtpy;iynad;why; tpjp ek;ik
kpfTk; nfLj;J tpLk;. ek; tho;f;if nghUsw;wjha;g;
Ngha;tpLk;. ekJ tho;f;if mg;gbg; Ngha;tplf;$lhJ.
xUtDf;F ahUila cjtp fpilj;jhYk; fpilf;fh
tpl;lhYk; tpjpapDila cjtp fpilf;f Ntz;Lk;.
xUtd; vt;tsT cah;ej ; epiyapy; ,Ue;jhYk; Kaw;rpfs;

,Ue; j hYk; > tpjp cjttpy; i ynad; w hy; mtdhy;
tho;f;ifapy; NkYk; cau Kbtjpy;iy. mJNghy;>
xUtd; vt;tsT jho;e;j epiyapy; ,Ue;jhYk; tpjp
cjtpdhy; rpwpJ Kaw;rp ,Ue;jhy; mtdhy; tho;fi
; fapy;
cau KbAk;.
tpjp rhpahf ,Ue;J kjp rhpahf ,y;yhtpl;lhYk;> kjp

rhpahf ,Ue;J tpjp rhpahf ,y;yhtpl;lhYk; ntw;wp
fpilf;fhJ. ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; Kjypy; jd; tpjpiag;
Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; $Lkhdtiu. gpwF jd; kjpia
jhd; Ghpe;J nfhz;l tpjpf;F Vw;wgb nray;gLj;j
Ntz;Lk;. tho;fi; fapy; ntw;wpailayhk;. mij tpLj;J
kjpNa vy;yhk; vd;W nray;gLtJ %lj;jdk;. ahuhYk;
jd; jiytpjpiaNah> gpwh; jiytpjpiaNah mt;tsT
cWjpahfr; nrhy;y KbahJ.
ek;Nky; Rik Vw;WtJk; gpd; me;jr; Rikia ,wf;fp

itg;gJk; ek; mwpT ,y;iy. vy;yhNk tpjpapd; nray;.
Mf tpjpapd;gb xd;W elf;f Ntz;Lnkd;why; mJ
ele;Nj jPUk;. tpiutpy; elg;gJk; ehs;gl;L elg;gJk;

tpjpapd; tpUg;gk;. mJ eph;zapj;j Neug;gb elf;Fk;.
,q;Nf ek; mwpTf;F rpwpJ $l ,lkpy;iy.
Nruf;$lhjtiu Nrh;gg; Jk;> Nru Ntz;batiu Nrh;ff; hJ

,Ug;gJk; tpjpapd; nray;jhd;. mwpT vd;d Kad;whYk;
mijj; jtph;f;f KbahJ. mwpT> mwpT vd;W nrhy;ypf;
nfhs;syhk; mt;tsTjhd;. Mdhy;> vy;yhk; mwptpd;
nray; ,y;iy. eP vt;tsT Gj;jprhypahf ,Ue;jhYk;
rhpjhd;> cd;id top elj;jpr; nry;tJ cd; tpjp> mwpT
,y;iy. ,J rj;jpak;.
tpjp jd; Ntiyiar; nra;J nfhz;Nl NghFk;. mij

khw;wpaikf;fNth jpir jpUg;gNth ve;j kdpjdhYk;
KbahJ. tho; f ; i f epfo; T fs; vy; y hNk tpjpapd;
fzf;Fg;gbjhd; elf;fpwJ. ek; mwptpd; gq;fspg;G kpfkpff;
FiwNt. tpjp tpjp jhd;. kdk; kdk; jhd;. mwpT mwpT
jhd;. tpjpia kPwp elf;f kdj;jhy;> mwpthy; KbahJ.
tpjp nrhy; t ijj; jhd; kdk; nrhy; Y k; kdk;
nrhy;tijj;jhd; kdpjdhy; nra;a KbAk;.
tho;f;ifapy; ek;ikAk; kPwp elg;gnjy;yhk; tpjpapd;

nray;. ek; mwptpw;Nfh> kdj;jpw;Nfh mq;Nf gq;F ,y;iy.
mwptpw;F rf;jp vd;gNj fpilahJ. mwpit
ek;gpapUg;gth;fs; %lh;fs;. tpjp mwpitAk; tpl NkyhdJ.
tpjp tpjp jhd;. tpjpNahL kdpjdpd; mwpthy; rhpf;F
rkkhf Nghl;b NghlNt KbahJ. ahuhtJ mJ KbAk;
rp. fhkuh[; 53
vd;W nrhd;dhy; mth;fs; %lh;fs;. tpjp xU kdpjid

vg;gbnag;gbnay;yhNkh ,Oj;Jr; nry;Yk;. ehis
vg;gbf; nfhz;L nry;Yk; vd;W kjpahy; cWjpahfr;
nrhy;y KbahJ. mJ jhd; tpjpf;Fk; kjpf;Fk; cs;s
tpj;jpahrk;.
ty;ytDf;F ty;ytd; itafj;jpy; cz;L. Mdhy;>

tpjpf;F ty;ytd; vtDkpy;iy. eP ,e;j cyfj;jpNyNa
kpfr; rpwe;j Gj;jprhyp vd;whYk; tpjp cd;id Vkhw;wp
tpLk;. mJTk; nehbg;nghOjpy; ! ePz;lfhyj; jpl;lk;
mjw;Fj; Njitapy;iy. eP ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; tpjpf;F
Kd; J}R.
tho;fi; fapy; vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; ghpRj;jkhff; fpilf;fh

tpl;lhYk; mRj;jkpy;yhJ fpilj;jhNy NghJkhdJ.
tho;fi
; f ed;whfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;. kdk; jhd; jpUg;jpaila
Ntz;Lk;.
,e;j kdjpw;F vijAk; ,ufrpakhf itj;Jf; nfhs;sj;

njhpahJ. ntspapy; nrhy;yj; Jbf;Fk;. Mdhy;> jd;
Fw;wj;ij kl;Lk; kiwf;Fk;. ek;ik ngha;ad;> Gul;ld;
vd;W ngah; thq;f itf;Fk;. vdNt> ehk; Fw;wq;fs;
vJTk; nra;ahJ ,Ue;jhy; mjw;F tha;g;G ,y;iy.
fz; Nghd Nghf;fpNy fhy; Nghfyhkh

fhy; Nghd Nghf;fpNy kdk; Nghfyhkh
kdk; Nghd Nghf;fpNy kdpjd; Nghfyhkh
vd;W Nfl;lhy;> mjw;Fg; gjpy; Nghfyhk; vd;gJ jhd;.
mjpy; jtwpy;iy. Mdhy;> ghjfk; vJTk; mjdhy;

tpisaf; $lhJ.
md;G ghrkhf ghpzkpf;Fk; nghOJ kdk;

nrhy;tijnay;yhk; kdpjd; nra;fpwhd;. kdpjid
kdpjdhf tho itg;gNj ,e;j kdk; jhd;.
ve;jr; nray; cd; kdij kfpo;Tld; itj;jpUf;FNkh

me;jr; nraiy nra;. Mdhy; kw;wth;f;F ,ilA+W
,y;yhkypUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
kdJ Raeythjpahf ,U vd;W nrhy;ypagpwF ehk;

Raeythjpahf ,Uf;fyhk;. mjpy; jtwpy;iy. tho;fi
; f
vd;gJ ahnjdpy; kdk; nrhy;tijnay;yhk; nra;J
nfhz;L NghtJ jhd; tho;f;if.
gpwh; ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; mth;fs; eyKld; tho Ntz;Lk;.

,g; g bg; g l; l kdk; nfhz; l tNu kdpjh; . kw; w th;
kdpjhpy;iy.
kNdhjh;kk; vd;fpwhh;fs;> gpwF jh;kk; vd;fpwhh;fs;.

,uz;Lk; xd;wh vd;W Nfl;lhy; mjw;Fg; gjpy; ,y;iy
vd;gJjhd;. kNdhjh;kk; vd;gJ KOf;f KOf;f ek;
fhhpaq;fisg; gw;wpaJ. ek;ikg; gw;wpa fhhpaq;fspy;
ek; kdk; vd;d nrhy;fpwNjh mij ehk; jhuhskhfr;
nra;ayhk;. ,e;j kdk; vijr; nrhd;dhYk; rhpjhd;>
mjpy; jtwpy;iy. Mdhy;> ve;jf; fhhpakhdhYk; mJ
rp. fhkuh[; 55
gpwh; njhlh;GilaJ vd;why; ek; kdk; tpUk;GfpwNjh

,y;iyNah> gpwUf;fhf xd;iwr; nra;fpNwhkpy;iyah
mJ jh;kk; MfptpLk;.
Vw;fdNt fz;l xU fhl;rpia jpUk;gTk; fhz ek; ,U

fz;fshy; KbahJ. fhuzk; ,iwtd; mij jpUk;gTk;
elj;Jtjpy;iy. mNj Nghd;w epfo;it elj;jpdhYk;
Kd;G elj;jpaJ NghyNt> mjhtJ E}w;Wf;F E}W
mNjNghy elj;Jtjpy;iy. rw;whtJ khwpapUf;Fk;> epfo;T
khwhtpl;lhYk; $l. Mdhy;> mit vy;yhtw;iwAk;
jpUk;gTk; fhz ek; kdf;fz;zhy; KbAk;. mJjhd;
kdjpd; rf;jp.
ngUk;ghyhdth;fspd; kdk; vg;gb ,Uf;fpwJ vd;why;>

ehk; Ntz;lhk; Mdhy; ek; gzk; Ntz;Lk;. gpw gyd;fs;
ek;khy; MFk; vd;why; me;jg; gyd;fs; Ntz;Lk; vd;w
epiyapy;jhd; cs;sJ.
vg;nghOJ kdk; ,iwtd; tpjpj;j tpjpia Ghpe;J

nfhs;fpwNjh mg;nghOJ mJ tho;f;ifapy; elf;Fk;
vy;yhtw;iwAk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpwJ.
ek; kdk; cy;yhrg; gazk; nry;tJ Nghy;

vq;nfq;nfy;yhNkh nrd;W tpLk;. vq;F nry;fpNwhk;
vd;W mjw;Nf njhpahJ. jpBnud;W ek;kplk; jpUk;gp
tUk;. mJ ek;kplk; jpUk;gp te;jTld; ehk; Raepidit
milfpNwhk;. mJtiu ekf;Fk; ehk; vq;fpUf;fpNwhk;
ve;j #o;epiyapy; ,Uf;fpNwhk; vd;W njhpahJ.
,iwtd; ekf;F mspj;j mUikahd ghpR ek; kdk;.

mJ Nuh[h kyhpDk; nkd;ikahdJ. kdjpy; Njhd;Wk;
,dpikahd vz;zq;fs; kiyj;Njidg; Nghd;wJ. ,e;j
kdij ,dpikahd vz;zq;fspy; Cw itg;gJ Nuh[h
kyiu kiyj;Njdpy; Cw itg;gijg; Nghd;wJ. mjdhy;
fpilg;gJ kd mikjp vDk; Fy;fe;J> ,e;j Fy;fe;ij
cz;lhy; ehk; milag; NghtJ Kf;jp vDk; Nghpd;gk;.
kdk; nfl;lhy; cly; nfLk; vd;gJk;> cly; nfl;lhy;

kdk; nfLk; vd;gJk; cz;ikNa. kdk; Md;khtpw;F
mLj;j epiyapy; cs;sjhy; kdrhe;jp Mj;k rhe;jpiaf;
Fwpf;fpwJ. vdNt> vnjy;yhk; kdjpw;F rhe;jpiaf;
nfhLf;fpwNjh mnjy;yhk; ehk; nra;ayhk;. mJNt
kNdhjh;kk;.
ehk; mwpe;j gpwiu ehd;F tifahfg; gphpf;fyhk;.
xUtifapdh; ez;gd; vd;Wk;> ,d;ndhU tifapdh;
ez;gh; vd;Wk;> gphpnjhU tifapdh; njhpe;jth; vd;Wk;>
NtnwhU tifapdh; njhpe;jtd; vd;Wk; ghpzhkk;
milfpd;wdh;. ek;kPJ vjw;FNk nghwhikg;glhjth;
ez;gdhfNth my;yJ ez;guhfNth kw;wth;
njhpe;jtuhfNth my;yJ njhpe;jtdhfNth ,Ug;gh;.
xU kdpjh; ,jpy; ekf;F ve;j tifiar; Nrh;e;jth;
vd;gij ek; kdjplk; Nfl;lhy; mJ gjpy; nrhy;Yk;.
tho;fi; f vd;gJ xU nghOJNghf;F. ve;j tifapyhtJ

jh;kj;jpw;F cl;gl;L mij kfpo;NthL fopj;Jtpl Ntz;Lk;.
,q;Nf jh;kk; vd;gJ nghJ jh;kj;ijf; Fwpf;Fk;. ek;
rp. fhkuh[; 57
kfpo;r;rp nghJjh;kj;jpw;F cl;gl;L ,y;yhJ NghdhYk;

fz;bg;ghf ek; kNdh jh;kj;jpw;F cl;gl;L ,Uf;f
Ntz; L k; . $Lkhdtiu gpwNuh gpw [P t d; f Nsh
ghjpf;fg;glf;$lhJ.
ehk; ahiug; gw;wpahtJ ek; kdjpy; vz;Zk; nghOJ

ekJ vz;z miyfshtJ ,e;j gpugQ;rj;jpy; guTfpwJ.
rpwpJ Neuj;jpy; ehk; ahiug; gw;wp vz;ZfpNwhNkh mtiu
nrd;wilfpwJ. mg;nghOJ mtUf;Fk; ek;ikg; gw;wpa
vz;zk; cz;lhfpwJ. ek; vz;zk; ve;j czh;itg;
gpujpgypf;fpwNjh mNj czh;T mtUf;Fk; cz;lhfpwJ.
vdNt> gpwiug; gw;wp ehk; vz;Zk; nghOJ ey;y
czh;TfSld; vz;z Ntz;Lk;.
ehk; ePjpnewpAld; tho;e;jhy; ,iwtidNa ePh; ahh;?

vd;W Nfl;fyhk;. me;j msTf;F kdj;Jzpr;ry; ekf;F
cz;lhFk;.
ehk; kdj; njspTld; ,Ue; j hy; ek; i kf; Fog; g

Kay;fpwth;fis ehk; Fog;gp tpl KbAk;.
ehk; xU Ntiyiar; nra;J me;j Ntiy ek; kdj;ij

cWj;jtpy;iynad;why; ehk; nra;jJ rhp vd;W nghUs;.
tho;f;ifapd; xU fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; cwTfs; Ntz;lhk;

vd;W ek; kdk; nrhy;Yk;. mg;nghOJ ehk; cwTfs;
,y;yhky; ,Ug;gJ ey;yJ.
,e;j Gj;jp ,Uf;fpwNj mJ ek; kdk; nrhy;tjw;nfy;yhk;

MlhJ. mJ nrhy; y Ntz; b aijr; nrhy; y p jd;
flikiar; nra;Ak;. Mdhy;> ,e;j kdj;jpw;Nfh Gj;jpia
MSik nra;Ak; rf;jp cz;L. mjdhy; kdk; Gj;jpia
MSik nra;Ak;. ,e;j Gj;jp kdj;jplk; ehd; nrhy;tijr;
nrhy;yptpl;Nld;> mjw;F Nky; vf;NfL nfl;lhtJ Ngh
vd; W nrhy; y ptpl; L kdk; nrhy; t ijr; nra; a
xj;Jiof;Fk;. Mdhy; mJ xj;Jioj;jhYk; Ntz;lh
ntWg;ghf xj;Jiog;gjhy; jtWfs; Vw;gl tha;g;Gz;L.
me;jj; jtWfspd; %ykhf kdpjDf;F ,lh;;fs; tUk;.
vdNt ,e;j Gj;jp xd;iwr; nrhd;dhy; mij kdk;
Nfl; f Ntz; L k; . ,y; i ynad; w hy; Gj; j papd; KO
xj;Jiog;G kdj;jpw;F fpilf;fhJ.
mtuth; kdj;ij eyKld; itj;Jf; nfhz;lhNy NghJk;.

kdey itj;jpaUf;F Ntiy ,Uf;fhJ. cly; eyj;ijg;
gw;wp Fryk; tprhhpf;fpwth;fs; kdeyj;ijg; gw;wp tprhhpf;f
khl;lhh;fs;.
xU ngha; nrhy; Y k; nghOJ kdk; cWj; j Nt

,y;iynad;why; mJ ngha;apy;iy.
xUtDf;F vd;d ,lh; te;jhYk; kdj; Jd;gk; kl;Lk;

tuf;$lhJ.
ek;ik kjpf;fhjth; ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; mth;fs; ekf;Fj;

Njitapy; i y. xUNtis jtph; f ; f Kbahjgb
rp. fhkuh[; 59
Njitg;gl;lhy; mth;fis ek;ik kjpf;f itj;J gpwF

ek; Njitfisg; G+h;j;jp nra;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
mjd;gpwF mth;fsJ cwT ePbg;gpd; Njitia KbT
nra;tJ ek; kdk;. ek; kdj;jpd; jPh;g;G ,WjpahdJ.
VNjh xU #o;epiyapy; cq;fs; kdk; Mh;g;ghpj;Jf;

nfhz;Nlh> kfpo;thfNth> Jf;fkhfNth> tUj;jkhfNth
my;yJ mikjpahfNth ,Uf;Fk;. me;jr; #o;epiy
jhdhf khwpdhNyh my;yJ mij ek;khy; khw;w Kbe;J
ehk; khw;wpdhNyh ,e;j kdj;jpd; epiyAk; khWk;.
vij ,oe;jhYk; mij cd; kdJ Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhNyh

my;yJ vjw;FNk cd; fz;fs; fz;zPh; tbf;ftpy;iy
vd;whNyh eP gf;Ftkile;J tpl;lha; vd;W nghUs;.
ahuhtJ cd;id xU Nfs;tp Nfl;L mjw;Fg; gjpy;

nrhy;y cd; kdk; tpUk;gtpy;iy vd;why; eP ve;jg;
gjpYk; nrhy;yhky; ,Uf;fyhk;. mth; ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk;
rhpjhd;> jtwpy;iy.
ek; kdk; xd;iwr; nrhy;Yk;> mwpT xd;iwr; nrhy;Yk;>

ek; kdKk; mwpTk; xd; i wNa nrhd; d hy; mJ
ey;yjhfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;. ,e;j kdKk; mwpTk; Nrh;e;J
xd;iw nra;ar; nrhd;dhy; mijr; nra;ayhk;. Mdhy;
mwptpw;F cj;juT NghLk; mjpfhuk; kdjpw;F cz;L.
ek; kdKk; mwpTk;> efKk; rijAk; Nghy;. ngUk;ghYk;

mwpT nrhy;tij kdk; Vw;Wf; nfhs;Sk;. rpy rkak;
Vw;Wf; nfhs;shJ. jd;dpr;irahf jhd; tpUk;gpaijr;
nra;a mwpit fl;lhag;gLj;Jk;. mJNghy; mwpTk; kdk;
nrhd;dgbnay;yhk; ele;jhYk; rpy rkak; Kuz;L gpbj;J
kdij fl;lhag;gLj;jp jhd; nrhy;tij Nfl;f itf;Fk;.
kdk; Mo;kdk;> ntspkdk; vd ,Utifg;gLk;. ek;

thf;F cz;iknadpy; mJ xd;W ek; mwpTk; kdKk;
Nrh;e;J nrhy;tjhf ,Uf;Fk;. my;yJ ekJ Mo;kdk;
nrhy;tjhf ,Uf;Fk;. ngha; nrhy; vd;W ek; mwpT
nrhd;dhYk; ek; Mo;kdk; mij Vw;Wf; nfhs;shjNghJ
ek; tha; ngha; nrhy; y hJ. mg; g bapUe; J k; ek;
ehtpypUe;J ngha; tUfpwJ vd;why; mJ ek; ntsp
kdk; nra; A k; Ntbf; i fAk; tpisahl; L khfj; j hd;
,Uf;Fk;. mJ ek; Mo;kdjpd; ntspg;ghL ,y;iy. ,J
rj;jpak;.
kdk; jd; i dj; jhNd vjpYk; jpUg; j pg; g Lj; j pf;

nfhz; l hnyhopa vd; W k; NtW ve; j tifapYk;
xUtDf;F jpUg;jp vd;gJ vjpYk; fpilf;fhJ.
ek; kdk; gpbj;jth;> gpbf;fhjth; ,UghyiuAk; kwf;fhJ.

ehk; xUtiu Nerpj;jhy; ek; kdk; kfpo;tJ kl;Lky;yhJ
mikjpAk; milfpwJ.
ftiyg; g Ltjw; F xd; W kpy; i y> vy; y htw; w pw; F k;

ftiyg;gl;L jPh;j;jhfptpl;lJ vd;w vz;zk; kdjpy;
rp. fhkuh[; 61
cz;lhdhy; gpwF kdk; vjw;Fk; ftiyg;glhJ. vJthf

,Ue;jhYk; nky;y nky;y ek; kdk; cz;ik epiyia
Vw;Wf; nfhs;fpwJ.
kdk; Mr;rhuj;ij filgpb vd;why; filgpbf;fyhk;.

Ntz;lhk; tpl;LtpL vd;why; tpl;Ltplyhk;. mjpy;
jtwpy;iy.
ek; kdk; ek; tho; f ; i fapy; ele; N jwpa Jf; f

rk;gtq;fspnyy;yhk; ,Ue;J tpLjiyahfp ,d;gkhf
,Uf;f Ntz;Lnkd;why; mJ nrhy;tnjy;yhtw;iwAk;
Nfl;L mjd;gb ele;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. vQ;rpAs;s
tho;ehs; mg;nghOJjhd; ,d;gkhf ,Uf;Fk;. mg;gb
ele;Jnfhs;tjpy; jtNwJkpy;iy.
kdk; uQ;rpjkhdJ. vy;yh RfNghfq;fisAk; nfhLf;ff;

$baJ. fw;gidapNyNa vy;yh Rfq;fisAk; mDgtpf;f
ty;yJ. ,ij mwpahjth; tho;f;ifia mDgtpf;fj;
njhpahjth;. kdk; kfpo;Tld; ,Ue;jhy; ehKk; kfpo;Tld;
tho;Nthk;.
ek; kdk; vJ nrhd;dhYk; mJ ,iwtd; nrhy;tJ.

mJ nrhy;tJ Nghy; ehk; ele;J nfhs;syhk;. mjpy;
jtwpy;iy. ,d;gk; vd;gJ Ntnwhd;Wkpy;iy. mJ ek;
kdj;jpd; ghpzhk tsh;rr
; p. xd;iw ek; kdk; ,d;gkhdJ
vd;why; mJ ,d;gkhdJ jhd;. ,y;iynad;why; ,y;iy
jhd;. ,J rj;jpak;.
ek; Mo; k dk; cwq; f hj nghOJ ekf; F cwf; f k;

tUtjpy;iy.
tho;f;ifapy; xU fhyf;fl;lj;jpw;Fg; gpwF rh];jpuk;

vd;gNj fpilahJ. ek; kdk; nrhy;tJjhd; rh];jpuk;.
xU kdpjdpd; kdjpy; ,aw;ifahf Vw;gLk; md;gpw;F

<L ,iz NtW VJk; ,y;iy. mbg;gil Mjhuk;
VjhtJ ,Ue; j hnyhopa kdj; i j vg; n ghOJk;
kfpo;r;rpahf itj;J nfhz;bUf;f KbahJ.
ek; tho;tpy; ve;jg; gFjpahf ,Ue;jhYk; rhpjhd;> ek;

kdk; nrhy;tJjhd; ,Wjpj; jPh;g;G. mjw;F kWghprPyid
vd; g Nj fpilahJ. ,J rj; j pak; . kdepk; k jpf; F
,izahd Rfk; NtW vJTNk ,y;iy. ek; tho;Nt
ek; kdj;jpy; mlq;fptpl;lJ.
vJthf ,Ue;jhYk; mJ ,iwtdpd; nray;jhd;. ek;

nray; vJTNk ,y;iy. mjpy; vq;Nf ,Uf;fpwJ ghtKk;
Gz;zpaKk;. Mz;ltd; fzf;fpy; ghtKk; fpilahJ>
Gz;zpaKk; fpilahJ. fhuzk; ,uz;ilAk; nra;aj;
J}z;LtNj mth;jhd;. gpwF vq;Nf ,Uf;fpwJ ghtKk;
Gz;zpaKk;. ,uz;LNk ,iwtdhy; J}z;lg;gLtJ
vd;gjhy; ,uz;LNk ,y;iy. ek; kdNk flTs;. ,J
rj;jpak;.
rp. fhkuh[; 63
,iwtdhfg;gl;ltdpd; Jspjhd; ek;Ks; ,Uf;Fk; Md;kh.

,iwtd; ek;Ks; kl;Lkpy;iy gpwe;J> tsh;eJ ; > Kjph;eJ
; >
,y;yhky; NghFk; kuk;> nrb> nfhb vy;yhtw;wpYk;
Md; k h tbtpy; ,Uf; f pwhh; . ek; K s; ,Uf; F k;
Md;khtpw;Fk; ,iwtDf;Fk; njhlh;G vg;gb> vjd;%yk;
cz;lhfpwJ vd;why; ek; kdj;jpd; %yk; cz;lhfpwJ.
ek; Md;khTk; ,iwtDk; Ngrpf; nfhs;tNj ek; kdj;jpd;
%yk; jhd;. vdNt> ,iwtdpd; tpUg;gk; mwpe;J mjw;F
cj;juT NghLk; mjpfhuj;ij ,iwtd; ek; kdj;jpw;F
mspj;jpUf;fpwhh;. ek; kdk; tpUk;GtJ vy;yhNk ,iwtd;
tpUk;GtJjhd;.
Guhzq;fs; ntWk; fijfshf ,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy; mit

kdpj Fyj;jpw;F tpl;Lr; nrd;Ws;s ghlq;fs; Vuhsk;.
mg;ghlq;fs; vd;iwf;Fk; gaDs;sit. ehk; jhd; Kbe;j
msthtJ mitfisg; gpd;gw;w Ntz;Lk;. KbAkh
Kbahjh vd; g ij ek; kdk; nrhy; Y k; . vJthf
,Ue;jhYk; ek; kdk; nrhy;tNj ,WjpahdJ.
ehk; Kl;lhshf ,Uf;fyhk;. mjpy; jtwpy;iy. mJ

tpjpapd; Ntiyahf ,Uf;Fk;. Mdhy; fpd;d]; Gj;jfj;jpy;
gjpAk; msTf;F Kl;lhshf ,Uf;ff; $lhJ. mJ
fz;bg;ghf ek; %isapd; Ntiyjhd;.
xU gd;wpf;Fl;b ahidia tpul;Lk;. gd;wp $l ,y;iy>

gd;wpf;Fl;b. gd;wpf;Fl;bf;Nf ahidiaf; fz;lhy;
mt;tsT ,og;gkhfj; njhpAk;. fhuzk; ahid nghJthf
mikjpahf ,Uf;Fk;. ,e;j ahid Gj;jprhyp ahidahf
,Ue;jhy; jd; Jjpf;ifahy; me;j gd;wpf;Fl;biag; gpbj;J

jiyf;F Nky; J}f;fp Xq;fp jiuapy; mbj;J jd; gyj;ijf;
fhl;Lk;. me;j ahidf;Fg; Gj;jp rpwpJ kl;lk; vd;why;
me;j gd;wpf;Fl;b mij tpul;Lk; nghOJ XLk;. vdNt>
xustpw;fhtJ Gj;jprhypahf ,Uf;f Ntz;baJ fhyj;jpd;
fl;lhak;.
nghJthf vjw;Fk; ngha; nrhy;yf; $lhJ. vjw;fhtJ

vg;nghOjhtJ ngha; nrhy;y Ntz;ba fl;lhak;
,Ue;jhy; rk;ge;jg;gl;lth;fs; vy;yhUk; xd;W Nghy;
ngha; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. MshSf;F xU tpjkha; ngha;
nrhy;yf;$lhJ.
ahuhtJ cd;id Vkhsp vd;W vz;zptpl;lhy; Vkhsp

vg;gb ,Ug;ghd; vd;gij kl;Lk; mtUf;Ff; fhz;gpf;fj;
jtwp tplhNj. ,y; i ynad; w hy; eP ,e; j cyfpy;
epk;kjpahf tho KbahJ.
cd; njhopy; njhlh;ghd Gjpa fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; vJTk;

cd; %isapy; cjpj;jhy; mijr; nrhy;y
Ntz;bath;fsplk; nrhy;y Ntz;ba ,lj;jpy; nrhy;Yk;
tpjj;jpy; rhpahd fhyj;jpy; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. fz;l
,lj;jpy; fz;lth;fsplnky;yhk; nrhd;dhahdhy; me;j
tptuq;fisnay;yhk; cd; rfhf;fs; cd;dplkpUe;J
Nfl;Lj; njhpe;J nfhz;L mijr; nrhy;y
Ntz;bath;fsplk; nrhy;y Ntz;ba ,lj;jpy; nrhy;yp
cdf;F tuNtz;ba ngaiuAk; GfioAk; mth;fs; jl;br;
nrd;W tpLthh;fs;.
rp. fhkuh[; 65
eP vd;djhd; cd; vjphpaplk; rkhjhdkha; NghdhYk;

cdf; F r; nra; a epidj; j nfLjy; f is mtd;
kiwKfkhfthtJ nra;J nfhz;Nljhd; ,Ug;ghd;.
rhzf;fpad; jdJ mh;j;jrh];jpuj;jpy; xU ,lj;jpy; $l
vjphpia kd;dpj;J tpl;Ltplr; nrhy;ytpy;iy vd;gJ
Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ.
kuj;ij ntl;lf;$lhJ. fpisiaAk; ntl;lf;$lhJ.

nfhg; G fis Ntz; L khdhy; ntl; l yhk; . Ntz; l hj
cwTf;fhuh;fis ntl;btpLtJk; mg;gbj;jhd;. xl;b
,Ue;jhy; ek; Njhg;Gf;Nf Mgj;J vd;why; kuj;ijNa
ntl;b tpLtjpy; jtwpy;iy.
ngha; nrhy;yf;$lhJ> jw;fhg;Gf;fhf ngha; nrhy;y

Ntz;ba fl;lhak; Vw;gl;lhy; thahy; nrhy;yyhk;.
vOj;jhy; nrhy;yf;$lhJ. fhuzk; ngha; nrhy;yp VjhtJ
rpf;fy; Vw;gl;lhy; ehd; nrhy;ytpy;iyNa vd;W ,d;ndhU
ngha; nrhy;yp jg;gpf;fyhk;. vOj;jhy; xU ngha;iar;
nrhy;yp tpl;lhy; jg;gpf;f KbahJ.
njhpe;Nj kpfTk; Mgj;jhd nray;fspy; <Lglf;$lhJ.

ntw;wp fpilj;jhy; ngUq;nfhz;l yhgKk;> Njhy;tpapy;
Kbe; j hy; vOe; J epw; f f; $ l Kbahj mstpw; F
el;lq;fSk;> ,lh;ghLfSk; Vw;gLk;. ,lh;fisj; Njbr;
nry;gtd; Kl;lhs;. jhdhf tUk; ,lh;fis vjph;nfhz;L
rkhspj;J nray;gl;L ntw;wpailgtd; Gj;jprhypAk;>
jpwikrhypAkhthd;.
gpwh; ahiuAk; eP Vkhsp> ,opj;jthad; vd;W kl;Lk;

epidf;f tpl;LtplhNj. ePAk; gpwiu mg;gb epidf;ff;
$lhJ. ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; rhpahfTk;> tpiutpYk; vil
Nghl;L kdj;jpd; xU Xuj;jpy; gjpT nra;J nfhs;s
Ntz;Lk;.
kdj;jpy; Njitapy;yhj Mirfs; vJTk; cjakhdhy;

me;j nehbapNyNa mitfisf; nfhd;Wtpl Ntz;Lk;.
,Jjhd; Gj;jprhypj;jdk;.
vq;F nrd;whYk; rl;l jpl;lq;fs; NgRthh;fs;. mth;fis

ntw; w p nfhs; s Ntz; L nkd; w hy; mth; f Sf; F j;
njhpe;jpUg;gijtpl Nkyhd rl;ljpl;lq;fs; ekf;Fj;
njhpe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
nghwhik Fzj;ij mOf;fhW vDk; jP vd;W ts;Sth;

Fws; xd;wpy; nrhy;fpwhh;. nghwhik jPiag; Nghd;wJ.
mJ vy;yhtw;iwAk; mopj;J tpLk;. Mf xUtDf;F
vj;jid ew;Fzq;fs; ,Ue;jhYk; nghwhik vd;w xU
jPaFzk; ,Ue;jhNy gpw vy;yh ew;Fzq;fisAk; mopj;J
tpLfpwJ. mtd; ,e;j cyFf;F gadw;wtd;. vdNt
mtd; ehlj; jf;ftd; ,y;iy. mtid ehlhjpUg;gJ
mwpTilik.
ntWkNd nghwhikg; gLfpwtid kd;dpj;Jtplyhk;.

cd;kJ
P nghwhikg;gl;L nfLjy; nra;fpwtid vf;fhuzk;
nfhz;Lk; kd;dpf;ff;$lhJ. ntWkNd nghwhikg;
gLfpwtd; kP J k; vg; n ghOJk; xU fz; itj; J f;
rp. fhkuh[; 67
nfhz;Ljhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. fhuzk; vd;iwf;fhtJ

cdf;Ff; nfLjy; nra;a re;jh;g;gk; fpilj;jhy; mtDk;
cdf; F f; nfLjy; nra; a jaq; f khl; l hd; . xUtd;
nghwhikf; f hud; > JNuhfp vd; W cWjp nra; j gpd;
vf;fhuzk; nfhz;Lk; mtid mUfpy; neUq;ftplf;
$lhJ. gpwh; ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; cd;dplj;jpy; cz;ikAld;
,y;iynad;why; eP mthplj;jpy; cz;ikAs;stdhf
,Uf;f Ntz;ba Njitapy;iy.
mLj;jth; nra;Ak; jg;ig kd;dpj;Jf; nfhz;Nl Nghtjpy;

mh;j;jkpy;iy. xU fhyfl;lj;jpy; mtiu kd;dpf;fhJ
cd;dplkpUe;J tpul;b tpLtJjhd; ey;yJ. mg;nghOJ
mtd; cdJ vjphp Mthd;. ghjfkpy;iy> Vw;Wf;nfhs;.
rhpapy; y h xU egUf; F ve; j chpikapYk; gq; F

nfhLf;fhNj. cdf;F gzr;nryT MdhYk; jaq;fhJ
mij Vw;Wf;nfhz;L KO chpikiaAk; ePNa jf;f
itj;Jf;nfhs;.
jh;kj;jpy; mf;fpuk jh;kk; vd;w xd;W cz;L. rpy

Neuq;fspy; vjphpia nty;y ehk; ,ijf; filg;gpbf;f
Ntz;ba epiyapy; ,Ug;Nghk;. mJ Nghd;w epiyfspy;
,ij ehk; jhuhskhff; filgpbf;fyhk;. mjpy; jtwpy;iy.
rlq;F vd;w ngahpy; gzkpUg;gtd; xd;iwr; nra;ayhk;.

gzkpy; y hjtDk; mijr; nra; a Ntz; L nkd; w
fl;lhakpy;iy. gpwh; nghwhikg;gLk; mstpw;F tpaf;Fk;
mstpw;F Mlk;gukhf tho;fpwtd; Kl;lhs;.
xU Kl;lhSf;F vt;tsT Gj;jpkjp nrhd;dhYk; %isapy;

VwhJ. vdNt> xUtd; Kl;lhs; vd;W cWjpahfj;
njhpe;jgpd; mtDf;F Gj;jpkjp nrhy;tij epWj;jptpl
Ntz;Lk;. ,y;iynad;why; ehk;jhd; Kl;lhs;.
ntwp ehiag; Nghy; vhpe;J tpOe;Jjhd; xU kdpjiu

rhpg;gLj;j KbAk; vd;why; mjw;F jaq;ff; $lhJ.
jtph; f ; f g; ghh; f ; f yhk; . Kbahtpl; l hy; nray; g Lj; j
Ntz;baJjhd;. fhuzk;> me;j kdpjid mg;gbj;jhd;
rhpg;gLj;jKbAk;.
tpjp mjd; Ntiyia nrt;tNd nra;Ak;. ehk; ekJ

Ntiyia nrt;tNd nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ngUk; ntw;wp
fpilf;fhtpl;lhYk; ghJfhg;Gld; tho;e;J Njhy;tpiaj;
jOthky; ,Ug;gNj rpwe;jJ. mJNt ntw;wp jhd;. tpjp
cjthtpl;lhy; Ngha;tpl;Lg; NghfpwJ. ek; tho;f;ifia
ehNk ehwbj;Jf; nfhs;sf; $lhJ. mJjhd; mwpTilik.
ek;ik ahUk; vspjpy; Ghpe;J nfhs;sf;$lhJ. gpwuhy;

vspjpy; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Kbahj msTf;F ehk; Fog;g
thjpfshfj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,y;iynad;why; gpwh;
ek;ik vspjpy; Vkhw;wp tpLthh;fs;.
tho;f;ifg; ghlq;fis ehk; ekJ tho;f;if

mDgtj; j pypUe; J kl; L ky; y hky; gpwuJ tho; f ; i f
mDgtj;jpypUe;Jk; $l fw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. fhuzk;
ek;khy; vy;yh mDgtq;fisAk; ngw;wpUf;f KbahJ.
rp. fhkuh[; 69
ehk; VjhtJ xU fhhpa epkpj;jkhf ahiuahtJ mZf

Ntz;bajpUe;jhy; me;j eghplk; mtUf;Fg; gpbf;fhj
egh; ekf; F Ntz; l g; g l; l tuhf ,Ue; j hy; kwe; J k;
mtUf;Fg; gpbf;fhj ekf;F Ntz;lg;gl;l egiug; gw;wp
Ngrp tplf; $ lhJ. mg; g br; nra; j hy; ehk; vd; d
fhhpaj;jpw;fhf me;j eghplk; nrd;NwhNkh me;j fhhpak;
ntw;wpailahJ Nghf tha;g;gpUf;fpwJ.
ekf;F ahuhtJ nghpa kdpjiuj; njhpAk; vd;why; mij

,ufrpakhf itj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ,y;iynad;why;
ekf; F Ntz; l hjth; f s; $ l ekf; F j; njhpahky;
mth;fSf;F VjhtJ me;jg; nghpa kdpjh; %yk; gyd;
fpilf;f Ntz;Lnkd;why; ek; ngaiug; gad;gLj;jpf;
nfhs;th;. mjdhy; vg;nghOjhtJ me;jg; nghpa kdpjh;
%yk; ekf;F xU fhhpak; Mf Ntz;Lnkd;why; mJ
Kbahky; $l Nghfyhk;.
jw;fhg;G vd;W tUk;nghOJ kjpia xU kpfr;rpwe;j

Nghh; tPuidg; Nghy; vg;nghOJk; vr;rhpf;ifAld;
itj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. tpjpf;F rpwpJ $l ,lk; nfhLf;ff;
$lhJ. ,y;iynad;why; tpjp tpisahb tpLk;. tpjp
tpisahbdhy; ghjpg;G mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk;.
rpyh; ,Uf; f pwhh; f s; > mth; f splk; ehk; Nfhzyhf

ele;Jnfhz;lhy;jhd; mth;fs; ek;kplk; Neuhf ele;J
nfhs;thh;fs;. mg;gbg;gl;l egh;fsplk; ehk; Nfhzyhf
ele;J nfhs;tjpy; jtwpy;iy. mth;fsplk; ehk; Nfhzyhf
ele;J nfhz;lhy; mth;fs; Neh;topapy; nry;th; vd;gjhy;
mJ jtwpy;iy.
cd; kdjpy; cs; s vy; y htw; i wAk; gpwhplk; eP

nrhd; d hahdhy; eP xU Kl; l hs; . ehk; kpfTk;
,ufrpakhdth;fshfj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. gpwUf;F
ek;ikg; gw;wpa tptuq;fs; vJTk; ehk; nrhy;yf;$lhJ.
Fwpg;ghf ekJ gytPdq;fs; gw;wp nrhy;yNt $lhJ.
fhuzk;> ekJ gyj;ij mwpe;J nfhz;lhYk; gytPdj;ij
mwpe;J nfhz;lhYk; gpwh; mij mth;fSf;F rhjfkhfg;
gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sj;jhd; Kay;th;.
ngUk;ghyhd tof;Ffspy; Fw;wthspfs;jhd;

epuguhjpfis Fiw nrhy;fpwhh;fs;. mjhtJ> nra;tJk;
nra;Jtpl;L ghjpf;fg;gl;ltid FiwAk; nrhy;fpwhh;fs;.
mg;gbg; gl;l epiyapy; Fw;wthspfspd; Fuy;tisiag;
gpbj;jhnyhopa mth;fs; topf;F tUtjpy;iy.
cz;ik ,y;iynad;why; cwTf;fhud; $l cyfj;jpy;

thOk; vj;jidNah kdpjh;fspy; xUtd; jhd;. cwntd;W
nrhy;ypf;nfhz;L xl;l tplhNj.
ahh; cdf;F vd;d JNuhfk; nra;jhYk; mij kdjpy;

itj;Jf; nfhs;shNj. Mdhy;> nghWikahf ,Ue;J
jf;f jUzj;jpy; mth;fs; nra;j JNuhfj;ij mth;fSf;F
czh;j;jhky; kl;Lk; tpl;LtplhNj. vy;yhUk; ed;whf
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. mJjhd; kdpjg; gz;G.
cdf;F Ntz;Lkhdhy; ,kakiy cr;rpapy; tPLfl;l

Ntz;Lk; vd;W Mir ,Uf;fyhk;. ,ka kiy mjw;F
rp. fhkuh[; 71
,lk;nfhLj;jhy;jhNd mJ KbAk;. ,y;iynad;why;

KbahJ. vdNt> Mirg;gLtJ cd; epiy mwpe;J
Mirg;gL. tho;fi
; fia ghJfhg;ghf elj;jptpl Ntz;Lk;.
vjw;fhtJ tPzhf Mirg;gl;L rpf;fypy; mfg;gl;Lf;
nfhs;sf;$lhJ.
ek; tho;fi
; fapy; vd;d fpilf;f Ntz;LNkh mJ ekf;Ff;
fpilf;Fk;. vg;nghOJ fpilf;f Ntz;LNkh mg;nghOJ
fpilf; F k; . rpwpJ$l mjpfkhfNth FiwthfNth
fpilf;fhJ. nehbg;nghOJ $l Kd;ghfNth
jhkjkhfNth fpilf;fhJ. ekJ nghWg;G ekJ Kaw;rpAk;
ciog;Gk;jhd;. mJNt ekJ %yjdk;. fpilg;gJ yhgk;
my;yJ el;lk;. yhgj;ij kfpo;r;rpAld; Vw;Wf; nfhs;.
el;lj;ij nghWikAld; nghWj;Jf; nfhs;.
ekJ jdpj;jd;ikia ehNk mopj;Jf; nfhz;lhy; gpwh;

ahUk; mij fhg;ghw;wg; Nghtjpy;iy.
kdpjj; jd; i kAld; ,Ug; g tiu Vkhsp vd; W

epidg;gth;fs; Kl;lhs;fs;. mwpTs;Nshh; mg;gb vz;z
khl;lhh;fs;.
eP vt;tsT nghpa mwpthspahf ,Ue;jhYk; xU

cz;ikia vg;nghOJ Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;LNkh
mg;nghOJjhd; mJ Ghpa tUk;.
cdf;F VjhtJ gpur;rpid vd;why; mJ gd;wpapd; tpl;il

ehWk; msT ehw;wnkLf;Fk; tiu thohtpUf;ff;$lhJ.
Muk;gj;jpNyNa chpa nghpath;fsplk; gpur;rpidiar;
nrhy; y p jP h ; T fhz Ntz; L k; . ,y; i ynad; w hy;
nghpath;fshy; $l jPh;T fhz Kbahj msTf;F
gpur;rpidfs; tsh;r;rpaile;J tpLk;.
cdf;F rjp nra;fpwtd; cd;dplk; nrhy;ypf; nfhz;L

nra; a khl; l hd; . cd; tP l ; b y; jfjfntd; W vhpAk;
nghOJjhd; cdf;Nf njhpatUk;. mg;nghOJ Nfl;lhy;>
vdf;nfy;yhk; xd;Wk; njhpahNj vd;W kpfTk; gzpNthL
gjpy; nrhy;yptpLthd;. mtid vJTk; nra;a cd;dhy;
KbahJ. mtd; %l;ba jPapypUe;J cd;idf; fhg;ghw;wpf;
nfhs;tNj ngUk;ghlhfp tpLk;. vdNt> cdf;Fr; rjp
nra;fpwth; ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; cd;fpl;Nl mz;ltplf;
$lhJ. mtid cd; vjphp vd;W vy;NyhUf;Fk; ehfhPfkhf
ntspg;gLj;jptpL.
jk; gps;isfs; ruhrhpahdth;fshf ,Uf;Fk; nghOJ

mth;fs; cr;rpthdpy; tpz;kPd;fisg; Nghy; kpd;d
Ntz;Lk; vd;W vz;ZtJ jtW. xUNtis ,iwtd;
cah;j;jpdhy; mjw;fhf kfpo;r;rp milayhk;.
tho; f; i fapy; rpy rkaq; f spy; ehk; E}w; W f; F E}W

Raeythjpahf ,Uf;f Ntz;ba fl;lhak; ,Uf;Fk;.
mg;gbg;gl;l Neuq;fspy; ehk; E}w;Wf;FE}W
Raeythjpahf ,Ue;Jjhd; Mf Ntz;Lk;.
,y;iynad;why; ehk; Kl;lhshfptplTk; $Lk;.
rp. fhkuh[; 73
mwpTs;std; vtDk; jd;idg; gw;wp cah;thfNth

my;yJ jho;thfNth kjpg;gpl khl;lhd;. jdJ typik>
gytPdk; ,uz;ilAk; vilNghl;L rhpahd fzpg;ig
kdj;jpy; jf;f itj;Jf; nfhz;L mjw;Nfw;whw;Nghy;
nray;gLthd;.
%lj;jdkhf vjpYk; ez;Lg;gpbahf ,Ue;jhy; Mgj;J

jhd; kpQ;Rk;. tpUr;rpfk; (Njs;) jg;gpf;Fk;. flfj;jhy;
(ez;L) jg;gpf;f KbahJ.
cj;jkidj; Njb miyahNj. mNahf;fpadhf ,Ue;jhYk;

ey; y Ntiyf; f hudhf ,Ue; j hy; mtid itj; J
$Lkhdtiu ey;yKiwapy; rpf;fdkhf nra;a Ntz;ba
Ntiyia nra;J Kb.
xU Kl; l his xU mwpthsp fhg; g hw; w pdhy; xU

nfhOg; n gLj; j tid ,iwtd; fhg; g hw; w yhk; . xU
nfhOg;ngLj;j Kl;lhis ahh; fhg;ghw;Wthh;? ahuhYk;
KbahJ. ,iwtd; $l Nahrpg;ghh;. vdNt
nfhOg;ngLj;j Kl;lhshf ,Uf;fhNj.
ek;kplk; cz;ikapy;yhJ ele;J nfhs;gth;fsplk; ehKk;

cz;ikapy;yhJ ele;J nfhs;syhk;. mjpy; jtwpy;iy.
mJ jw;fhg;G eltbf;if.
xU Kl;lhis Jizf;F mioj;Jf; nfhz;L vq;Fk;

nry;yf; $lhJ. fhuzk;> me;j Kl;lhshy; ekf;F
Mgj;Njh> nghUs; el;lNkh Vw;glyhk;. mtidAk;

fhg;ghw;Wk; epiy ekf;F Vw;gLk;.
ekf;F gy tptuq;fSk; njhpahJ Nghdhy; ,e;j cyfk;

ek;ik ntF vspjhf Vkhw;wp tpLk;. ehk; mwpahikapd;
rpd;dkhf ,Uf;ff; $lhJ.
vjphpNa ,y; y hj kdpjd; fpilahJ. ek; K ila

vjphpfspNyNa kpf kpf Nkhrkhd vjphp ek;kJ
P nghwhikg;
gLfpwtd;jhd;. vf;fhuzk; nfhz;Lk; mtdplk; neUf;fk;
$lhJ. ngUk; g hYk; mtd; j hd; ekJ kiwKf
vjphpahfTk; ,Ug;ghd;. Nehpilahd vjphpia tpl
kiwKfkhd vjphp kpfTk; Mgj;jhdtd;. mtid ntspf;
nfhzh;tJjhd; Gj;jprhypj;jdk;.
tpl; L f; nfhLf; F k; cwT ey; y Jjhd; mjw; f hf

vy;yhtw;wpYk; tpl;Lf; nfhLg;gJ mwptPdk;.
gpwh; ahuhf ,Ue; j hYk; mth; f ; F chpa kjpg; G

khpahijia ehk; nfhLj;jhf Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy;> mth;fF
;
ehk; vjw; F k; gag; g lj; Njitapy; i y. ve; j r;
#o;epiyapYk; gag;gLtJ Nghy ebg;gJ $l jtWjhd;.
ehk; rpq; f khf ,Uf; f yhk; . Mdhy; ek; i kr; Rw; w p

Fs; s ehpfs; ,Uf; F k; n ghOJ ehk; vr; r hpf; i fAld;
,Uf;fj;jhd; Ntz;Lk;.
rp. fhkuh[; 75
NfhopKl;ilf;Fs; ahidf;Fl;b ,Uf;fpwJ vd;ghh;fs;

rkh;j;jh;fs;. mth;fSf;F rg;igf; fl;L fl;Lfpwth;fs;>
Mkhk; ahidf;Fl;bAld;> Fjpiuf;Fl;bAk; ,Uf;fpwJ
vd;ghh;fs;. mijAk; xU tpQ;Qhdpaplk; nrhy;thh;fs;.
mJTk; mijf; Nfl;gth; xU tpQ;Qhdp vd;gijj; njhpe;J
nfhz;Nl nry;thh;fs;. mJjhd; cyfk;. mth;fis klf;f
,e; j tpQ; Q hdp vJTNk nra; a Ntz; b ajpy; i y.
mth;fis cw;WNehf;fp xU Vsdg; Gd;difAld;
mikjpahf ePqf ; s; me;j Kl;ilia milfhj;jhP f
; shf;Fk;?
vd;W xU Nfs;tpiaf; Nfl;lhNy NghJk;. mlq;fp
tpLthh;fs;.
ahiuANk cd;id Vkhsp vd;Nwh> Kl;lhs; vd;Nwh

epidf;f tpl;LtplhNj. Vkhsp vg;gb ,Ug;ghd;> Kl;lhs;
vg;gb ,Ug;ghd; vd;gij fhz;gpj;J tpL. mjhtJ
mth;fspd; vz;zk; jtW vd;gij mth;fSf;F czh;jj ; p
tpL. ,J Mztk; ,y; i y. cz; i k epiyia
epiyg;gLj;JjNy MFk;.
vjw;FNk ek;kJ
P nghwhikg; glhjth; ngUk;ghYk; ,Uth;
jhd; ,Uf;f KbAk;. mth; ek; jha; je;ijah;. cw;w
ez; g d; $l vg; n ghOjhtJ vjw; f htJ ek; k P J
nghwhikg;glyhk;. mtdplk; ek;kPJ md;G ,Uf;Fk;
vd;gjhy; mtd; nfLjy; nra;a khl;lhd;. gpwh; ahuhf
,Ue;jhYk; mth; ekf;F nfLjy; nra;th;.
ehk; vjpYk; Neh;ikAld;jhd; nray;gl Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy;

mLj;jth; Vkhsp vd;w vz;zj;jpy; ek; new;wpapy; ehkk;
Nghl Kad;why; mij mDkjpf;ff; $lhJ.
ehk; vg;nghOjhtJ vjw;fhtJ Kl;lhshf

,Ue;jpUf;fyhk;. mjpy; jtwpy;iy. Mdhy; vg;nghOJNk
vjw;fhtJ Kl;lhshf ,Ug;gJ jhd; jtW.
rz;il vd;W te;jhy; gpwh; ek;ik Fiw nrhy;Yk;

epiyapy; ehk; ,Uf;ff; $lhJ. mg;nghOJjhd; rpukkpd;wp
ek;khy; gpwiu nty;y KbAk;.
ek;kplk; rkh;j;jhf NgRfpwth;fsplk; ehk; gj;J klq;F

rkh;j;jhfg; Ngr Ntz;Lk;. mg;nghOJjhd; mth;fs;
mlq;Fthh;fs;.
vg;nghONjh nra;a Ntz;ba VjhtJ xd;iw nra;a

kwf;fyhk;. mjpy; jtwpy;iy. fhuzk; kwjp kdpj ,ay;G.
Mdhy; vg;nghOJNk kwe;J tpl;L mLj;jth; mij
Rl;bf; fhl;l tpl;Ltplf;$lhJ. mg;gb tpl;Ltpl;lhy;
cdf;F mwpNth> nghWg;Ngh ,y;iy vd;Wjhd; nghUs;.
vij ntspapy; nrhd;dhy; Nftyk; vd;W cd; kdk;

epidf;fpwNjh mij ntspapy; nrhy;yhNj.
xUtd; cd;dplk; njhpe;J vt;tsT rhg;gpLfpwhd;>

njhpahky; vt;tsT rhg;gpLfpwhd; vd;gij eP njhpe;J
rp. fhkuh[; 77
itj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mg;nghOJjhd; vg;nghOjhtJ

mtid klf;f Ntz;ba fl;lhak; cdf;F Vw;gl;lhy;
mtid eP vspjhf klf;f KbAk;.
ehk; vg;nghOJNk ,spj;jthadhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;

vd;Wjhd; gpwh; tpUk;Gth;. ehKk; mijj; njhpe;J nfhz;L
ehk; ,spj; j thadhf ,Ug; g J Nghy; ebj; J f;
nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; Vkhwf; $lhJ.
gpwh; cd;Dld; cwthLk;nghOJ VjhtJ ,ufrpa jpl;lk;

mth;fsJ kdjpy; itj;jpUg;ghh;fs;. mJ Nghy; ePAk;
,Ug;gjpy; jtwpy;iy.
ehd; Kl;lhshfNtjhd; ,Ug;Ngd;> ,J rj;jpak; vd;w

epiyapy; ehk; ,Uf; f f; $ lhJ. ek; Kl; l hs; j dk;
njhpatUk; nghOJ jpUj;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
gpwh; cd; cwTf;fhuuhf ,y;yhJ ,Ue;J mth; cd;dplk;

jhWkhwhf njhlh;e;J ele;J nfhz;lhy; mij Kjypy;
cWjpg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;. cd;idg; nghWj;jtiuapy;
,k;kpAk; jtwhf ele;J nfhs;shNj. mtuJ elj;ijia
Kjypy; kiwKfkhf mikjpahf Rl;bf;fhl;L. njhlh;eJ ;
mg;gbNa ele;J nfhz;lhy; mLj;J NehpilahfNt
Rl;bf;fhl;L. gpwFk; mth; khwhJ ,Ue;jhy; mth; cd;id
tpl epiyapy; cah;ej ; ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; eP mikjpahf
tpyfpr; nrd;W tpL. mg;gb tpyfpr; nry;y Kbahj
epiyapy; mth; cd;id tpl;L tpyfpr; nry;y ,iwtdplk;
Ntz; b f; n fhs; . cd; epiyf; F rkkhdtuhfNth
fPohdtuhfNth ,Ue;jhy; rhpahd ghlk; Gfl;lhky; kl;Lk;

tpl;L tplhNj. mth; cwTf;fhuuhf ,Uf;Fk; epiyapy;
mtuJ cwit Kwpj; J f; n fhs; s jaq; f hNj. rf
kdpjh;fis cUg;gbahf Nka;g;gNj tho;f;if.
tpjpapd; Nghf;if mDrhpj;J jd;Dila Mirfis

jpahfk; nra;fpwtd; Gj;jprhyp.
ngUk;ghYk; ekf;F mf;fk; gf;fj;jpy; ,Ug;gtd;jhd;

ek;kPJ nghwhik nfhz;L ekf;F nfLjy; nra;J
nfhz;bUg;ghd;.
fpilf;fg; Nghtij ek;gp fpilj;jpUf;Fk; re;jh;g;gj;ij

eOt tpLgtd; Gj;jprhyp ,y;iy.
nfhû rpe;jid cs;stid mtidtplf; nfhûkhf

,Ue;Jjhd; jpUj;j KbAk;. vg;gbg;gl;l fhspg; gayhf
,Ue;jhYk; mtd; kdj;jpy; gaj;ij cz;L gz;zpdhy;
mtid mlf;fp tpl KbAk;.
tho;f;if ngUk;ghYk; ebg;Gjhd;. mJ kdpjh;fSf;F

,ilapy; elf; F k; ehlfk; . Mdhy; vy; y hhplKk;
ebj;Jtplf;$lhJ. kwe;Jk; cd;dplk; ebf;fhjthplk; eP
ebj;Jtplf;$lhJ. vg;gb gzk; kdpjh;fSf;fpilapYs;s
md;ig Kwpf;FNkh mJNghy; mJ kdpjh;fSf;fpilapy;
cs;s cwit Kwpj;JtpLk;.
rp. fhkuh[; 79
xU egiu ve;j tifapYk; jpUj;j KbahJ vd;W

re;Njfj;jpw;F ,lkpy;yhJ njhpa te;jhy; mjd;gpd; me;j
egiu jpUj;j Kaw;rpf;fhNj. ,y;iyah> ePjhd; Kl;lhs;.
Kl; l his vg; g bahtJ rw; N wDk; Gj; j prhypahf

Mf;fptplyhk;. Mdhy; nfhOg;ngLj;j Kl;lhis ve;j
tifapYk; Gj;jprhyp Mf;f KbahJ.
kpf ePz;l fhy ez;gh; xUth; gpd;dhspy; vjw;fhtJ

cd;id kjpf;ftpy;iynad;why; mtuJ el;Gj;jd;ik
Nfs; t pf; F wpahdJ vd; w hYk; $l mijf; fz; L k;
fhzhky; tpl;Ltpl Ntz;Lk;.
,g;nghOJ cs;s cyfj;jpy; gpwiu kjpf;ftpy;iy

vd;why;jhd; ekf;F kjpg;Ng fpilf;fpwJ. mjw;fhf ehk;
gpwiu kjpf; f hky; ,Uf; f f; $ lhJ. Kjypy; kjpf; f
Ntz;Lk;. me;jj; jd;ikf;F kjpg;Gf;
fpilf;ftpy;iynad;why; mth;fis ek;ik kjpf;f itf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
xUtd; cd;dplk; xU ngha; nrhd;dhy; mJ ngha;

vd;W eP clNd fz;Lgpbj;J tpl Ntz;Lk;. eP Mapuk;
ngha; mtdplk; nrhd;dhYk; $l xd;iwf;$l mJ
ngha; vd;W mtdhy; fz;Lgpbf;f Kbahjgb ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;. me;j mstpw;F eP Gj;jprhypahf ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
cdf;Fg; gpbf;fhj xUtiu vLj;j vLg;gpy; J}f;fp vwpe;J

tplf;$lhJ. mth; ,dpNky; Ntz;lNt Ntz;lhk; vd;why;
jhd; mg;gbr; nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
jd;idAk; flTisAk; kl;Lk; ek;Gfpwtd; Gj;jprhyp.

flTs; ek; g pf; i f ,Ue; j hYk; ,y; y htpl; l hYk; >
vilNghlhJ gpwiu ek;Gfpwtd; Kl;lhs;.
kdpjh;fs; ekf;F njhz;Z}W taJ MfpapUe;jhYk;

ekf;F vJTNk njhpahJ vd;W vz;zpf;nfhz;L ek;kplk;
vijahtJ nrhy;thh;fs;. ehk; mth;fs; vijg;gw;wpr;
nrhd;dhh;fNsh mjd; rhpj;jpuj;ijNa nrhd;dhy; gpwF
thiaj; jpwf;fNt khl;lhh;fs;. ,Jjhd; cyfk;. me;j
mstpw;F ehk; mwpTs;sth;fshf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
ehk; rhjhuzkhf vg;gb ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;why;> ek;

Kf ghtj;ij itj;Njh> Fuypd; njhdpia itj;Njh>
cly; mirTfis itj;Njh> gpwh; ahUk; vijANk
Ghpe;J nfhs;s Kbahjgb ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ehk; gpwUf;F
Ghpahj Gjpuhfj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. mJ
Gj;jprhypj;jdk;> mjpy; jtwpy;iy.
gpwh; mth;fs; nrhy;Yk; ngha;ia ehk; ek;g Ntz;Lk;

vd;W tpUk;Gthh;fs;. ehKk; mij ek;GtJ Nghy; ebj;J
ehk; ghjpf;fg;glhJ ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
Kff; fz;zhb Kd; epd;W nfhz;L ehk; Gd;difj;jhy;

mjpy; njhpAk; gpk;gKk; Gd;diff;Fk;. ehk; Kiwj;jhy;
rp. fhkuh[; 81
mJTk; Kiwf; F k; . ngUk; g hyhd kdpjh; f Sk;

mg;gbj;jhd;. rpyh; ehk; Gd;difj;jhYk; Kiwg;ghh;fs;.
ehk; mth;fSf;F Nky; xU gb mjpfkhf Kiwj;jhy;
jhd; mth;fis rhp nra;a KbAk;. ,y;iynad;why;
KbahJ. vdNt nghJthf Kiwg; g th; f splk;
Gd;difg;gtd; %ld;.
tho;f;ifapy; kfpo;Tld; ,Ug;gjw;fhfj;jhd; kdpjd;

nry;tk; Nrh;f;fpwhd;. Mdhy; mJ ,y;yhkNy $l
mtdhy; kfpo;thf ,Uf;f KbAk;. vg;gb vd;W mtdtd;
Muha;e;J mwpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
Nfhzyhd fk;gp nky;ypajhf ,Ue;jhy; ifahy; epkph;jj ;

KbAk;. rw;W jbajhf ,Ue;jhy; Rj;jpapy; mbj;J epkph;jj
;
KbAk;. ,d;Dk; jbkkhf flg;ghiu fdj;jpw;F ,Ue;jhy;
neUg;gpy; gOf;ff; fhaitj;J rk;kl;bahy; mbj;J
epkph;jj
; KbAk;. mg;gbapy;yhJ me;jf; fk;gp nky;ypajhf
,Ue;jhYk; $l RUs; RUshf ,Ue;jhy; mij ve;j
KiwapYk; epkph; j ; j KbahJ. mij cUf; f p ek;
tpUg;gg;gb kPz;Lk; Neh; nra;J nfhz;lhy;jhd; cz;L.
kdpjh;fSk; mg;gbj;jhd;. mth;fs; RUs; fk;gpiag;
Nghd;w FzKs;sth;fshf ,Ue;jhy; cUf;fp cd;
tpUg;gg;gb khw;Wk; tPz; Ntiyiar; nra;ahNj.
mth;fis cd; tho;f;ifapypUe;Nj J}f;fp vwpe;J tpL.
kdpjh; f NshL gofj; njhpahjtd; tP l ; i l tpl; L

ntspNawj; jFjpay;yhjtd;. Rf tho;fi
; fapd; ,ufrpak;
ek; thapy; mlq;fp tpl;lJ. ekJ Gj;jprhypj;jjdk;

ntspg;gLtJ ekJ thapy; jhd;.
cwit tplTk; $lhJ> ,Lg;gpy; J}f;fp itj;Jf;

nfhs;sTk; $lhJ. cwTfsplkpUe;J xJq;Fk; fhyk;
tUk;nghOJ> cwTfis xJf;Fk; fhyk; tUk;nghOJ
cwTfsplkpUe;J xJq;fNth cwTfis xJf;fNth
jaq;ff;$lhJ. ,e;j tpraj;jpy; kdij kjp Nkyhz;ik
nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
ekf;F ey;ytd; vd;w gl;lj;Jld; Vkhsp vd;w gl;lKk;

fpilj;jhy; ehk; Kl;lhs; vd;W nghUs;. ey;ytd; Vkhsp
,y;iy vd;w gl;lk; fpilj;jhy;jhd; ehk; Gj;jprhyp vd;W
nghUs;.
gpwh; kdk; NtjidailAk; vd; g jw; f hf ehk;

fhynky;yhk; kd Ntjid mile;J nfhz;bUf;f
KbahJ. mg;gb ,Ug;gJ klik. me;j gpwh; ahuhf
,Ue;jhYk; ek;kplkpUe;J mth;fisf; fise;njwpa ehk;
rpwpJk; jaq;ff; $lhJ. Kw;wpYk; Raeykhf ,y;yhJ
nghJeyKk; ,jpy; fye;jpUg;gJ cj;jkk;.
kdpjdpd; %is Nfhzy; Nfhzyhf Ntiy nra;Ak;.

mjw;F kdKk; Jiz NghFk;. mjdhy; mtjpg;gLthd;.
,Wjpapy; tpjpapd; kPJ> ,iwtdpd; kPJ gopiag;
NghLthd; . mJ cz; i kjhd; . Mdhy; > mtd;
mtjpg;gLtjw;F mtdJ %isAk; fhuzk; vd;gij
czu khl;lhd;.
rp. fhkuh[; 83
taJ vj;jidahf ,Ue;jhYk; rhpjhd;. xUtd; jdJ

FLk; g f; flikfisnay; y hk; Kbj; J tpl; l gpd; G
,iwtid tzq; F k; nghOJ> \\,iwth cd;
fUizahy; ehd; vd; FLk;gf; flikfs; vy;yhtw;iwAk;
Kbj;Jtpl;Nld;. cdf;F ed;wp. eP vd;id cd;dplj;jpy;
mioj;Jf; nfhs;Sk;nghOJ njhpe;Njh> njhpahkNyh
ehDk; vdJ Kd; N dhh; f Sk; VjhtJ ghtq; f s;
nra;jpUe;jhy; mitfis kd;dpj;J vd;idf; fUiz
$h;e;J nehbg;nghOjpy; cd;dplj;jpy; mioj;Jf; nfhs;>
eP FbapUf;Fk; vd; cliy ehNd Rj;jk; nra;J ftdpj;Jf;
nfhs;Sk; epiyapy; ehd; ,Uf;Fk; nghONj|| vd;w
,ijj; jtpu NtW vJTk; Nfl;ff; $lhJ. mjw;F Nky;
vJ Nfl;lhYk; mtd; cyfkfh Kl;lhs;. rj;jpak;.
ehk; Gj;jprhypj;jdkhf ,Uf;fpNwhk; vd;W vz;zpf;

nfhz;L mjpfg; gpurq;fpj;jdkhf ,Uf;ff; $lhJ.
ek; tho; f ; i fapy; elg; g J vy; y hNk ,iwtdpd;

tpUg;gk;jhd;. Gj;jpf;F mq;F ve;jg; gq;Fk; ,y;iy.
jdf;Fg; gq;Fz;L vd;W Gj;jp epidj;jhy; mJ mjd;
mwptPdk;. Gj;jp ,y;yhjtd; jhd; Gj;jpiag; gw;wp
NgRthd;. Gj;jpAs;std; Gj;jpiag; gw;wpg; Ngr khl;lhd;.
fhuzk; vd;d njhpAkh? ,e;j Gj;jp ek; clk;gpw;Ff;
$l mbik. mjdhy; vJTNk nra;a KbahJ. ,J
rj;jpak;.
ehk; gpwe;jJ Kjy; ,iwtdb NrUk; tiu ahh; ahh;

vy;yhk; ek; tho;f;ifapy; FWf;fpLfpwhh;fs;. ,njy;yhk;
,iwtdpd; Vw;ghL. ek; Gj;jpf;F mq;F Ntiy ,y;iy.

Gj;jp vd;W xd;W ,Uf;fpwJ vd;why; mJ khia.
,iwtd; nrhh;ff ; k;> eufk; ,uz;ilANk ,e;j cyfj;jpy;

jhd; itj;jpUf;fpwhh;. ehk; nrhh;f;fk; vd;W epidj;jhy;
nrhh;f;fk;> eufk; vd;W epidj;jhy; eufk;> mt;tsT
jhd;. vy;yhk; ek; kdj;jpd; ghpzhkj;jpy; mlq;fp tpl;lJ.
,jpy; Gj;jprhyp vd;Nwh Kl;lhs; vd;Nwh ahUNk
fpilahJ. ,iwtDf;F Kd; ehk; vy;yhk; fhw;wpy;
gwf;Fk; J}rp. Kjypy; ehk; vd;w mfe;ij mope;jhNy
ekf;F tpNkhr;rdk; cz;L. ,J rj;jpak;.
mwpe;jth; ahuhtJ ek;kplk; tUth;. ek;ikg; gw;wpa

Nfs;tp VjhtJ Nfl;gh;. ehk; mjw;Fg; gjpy; nrhy;Nthk;.
ehk; gjpy; nrhy;yp Kbj;j epkplNk ek; gjpypypUe;Nj
,d;ndhU Nfs;tpiaf; Nfl;ghh;fs;. mjw;Fk; gjpy;
nrhy; N thk; . mLj; j nehbNa NtnwhU Nfs; t p
Nfl;ghh;fs;. ,g;gbNa ,e;j Nfs;tp gjpy; glyk; fhy;
kzp NeuNkh miukzp NeuNkh njhlUk;. mLj;J Nfs;tp
Nfl;f xd;Wkpy;iy vd;w epiy mth;fSf;F te;J> ehk;
VjhtJ mth;fis Nfs;tp Nfl;f Kad;why;> rw;Wk;
jhkjpahky; VjhtJ fhuzj;ijr; nrhy;yp ek;kplkpUe;J
efh;e;J tpLth;. ek;ikg;gw;wpa vy;yh tptuq;fisAk;
Nfl;Lf; nfhz;L mth;fisg; gw;wp vJTNk nrhy;yhky;
nrd;W tpLth;. mth;fs; Gj;jprhypfs;> ehk; Kl;lhs;fs;.
rp. fhkuh[; 85
4. FLk;gk;> gzk;
\cwTr; Rik| vd;W xd;W ,Ue;jhy; njhg;ngd;W fPNo

Nghlhky; nky;y ,wf;fp itj;Jtpl;L ek; topapy; Ngha;f;
nfhz;Nl ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
xU kdpjDf;F mWgJ tajpw;F Nky; FLk;g ghuk;

,Uf; f f; $ lhJ. me; j tajpw; F Nky; gps; i sfs;
FLk;gj;ij Rkf;fj; jahuhfptpl Ntz;Lk;. mWgJ
tajpw;F Nkw;gl;l kdpjDf;F ,iwtopghLk;> FLk;gk;>
nrhe;jge;jk;> ez;gh;fs;> mwpe;jth;> njhpe;jth; Kbe;jhy;
mwpahjth; f Sf; F f; $l VjhtJ xUtifapy;
topfhl;bahf ,Uf;Fk; Ntiyfs; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
ngz;zhfg; gl;ltSf;F mwpT> mlf;fk;> xOf;fk;> md;G>

tP u k; ,J midj; J k; Ntz; L k; . xt; n thd; W k;
#o; e piyf; F j; jf; f gb mtSf; F cjTk; . mts;
flikfisr; nra;aj; Njitg;gLk;. Mdhy;> vy;yhk;
,Ue;Jk; ,e;j mlf;fk; kl;Lk; ,y;iynad;why; mts;
ngz;zpy;iy.
jd; gps;isfSf;fhf ehk; jpahfk; nra;ayhk;> jtwpy;iy.

Mdhy; mjw;Fg; gyd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. me;jg; gyDk;
$l ekf;fhf ,y;iy> gps;isfSf;fhfj;jhd;.
gpwhplj;jpy;> gpwh;Kd;> jd; fztid jd; fztd;

FLk;gj;jhiu Vsdkhfg; NgRk;> Vsdkhf elj;Jk;
kidtp ey; y kidtp ,y; i y. kjpg; g ts; Nghy;
ehlfkhLgtSk; ey;yts; ,y;iy.
tpjpf;F mg;ghw;gl;L xUtdpd; Kd;Ndw;wk; jpUkzj;jpw;F

Kd;G jhapd; ifapYk;> mjw;Fg; gpd;G jhuj;jpd; ifapYk;
,Uf;fpwJ. ,Wjptiu fztidg; Ghpe;J nfhs;sj;
njhpahjts; mb Kl;lhs;. xU FLk;gj; jiytp Kjy;
jukhd Kl;lhshf ,Uf;ff; $lhJ.
jpUkzk; Md clNd jd; fztDld; jdpf; Fbj;jdk;

nrd;Wtpl Ntz;Lk; vd;W vz;zp mjw;fhf
nray;gLgts; <dg; gpwtp. mtis fz;bf;ftpy;iy
vd;why; mtisg; ngw;wth;fSk; <dh;fs;jhd;.
ntWkNd rikj;Jg; Nghl;Lf; nfhz;bUg;gJ kl;Lk;

xU kidtpapd; flik ,y;iy. mjw;F Nky; flikfs;
vt; t sNth cs; s d. Fwpg; g hf fztd; Kfj; j py;
kfpo;r;rpia epiyf;fr; nra;aj; njhpahjts; Gj;jprhyp
kidtp ,y;iy. tPL vg;nghOJk; rhT tpOe;j tPLNghy;
,Uf;ff; $lhJ. rw;NwDk; fyfyg;ghf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
,jpy; tPl;Lg; ngz;fSf;F ngUksT gq;F cs;sJ.
gps;isfs; jq;fsJ ngw;Nwhh;fs; fhyj;jpw;Fg; gpwF

mth;fs; %yk; cz;lhd nrhe;jq;fspy; cUg;gbahd
nrhe;jq;fsplk; kl;Lk; cwit ePbj;Jf; nfhz;L gpw
nrhe;jq;fsplk; cz;lhd cwit rw;Wk; Nahrpahky;
tpl; L tplyhk; . ,jpy; Nahrpg; g jw; F xd; W kpy; i y>
jtwpy;iy.
jd; Fiwia czuhJ vjw;nfLj;jhYk; ngw;Nwhiu

Fiw nrhy;Yk; gps;is Gj;jprhyp ,y;iy.
rp. fhkuh[; 87
jd; gps;isfSf;Fr; nrhj;J Nrh;g;gJ xU jfg;gdpd;

flikfspy; Nrh;e;jJ ,y;iy.
ngz;fs; jq;fs; rNfhju> rNfhjhpfsplj;jpy; msT fle;j

ghrj;ijg; nghopthh;fs;. jq;fsJ nrhe;j FLk;g eyidf;
$l kwe;Jtpl;L mth;fSf;F vJTk; nra;aj; jahuhf
,Ug;ghh;fs;. gpd;dhy; Vkhw;wg;gl;l gpwFk; $l jhq;fs;
Vkhw;wg;gl;bUf;fpNwhk; vd;gij xj;Jf;nfhs;s mth;fs;
kdk; kWf;Fk;. xU FLk;gj;jiytd; ,ij fUj;jpy;
nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
fhynky;yhk; FLk;gj;jpw;fhf khlha; ciof;Fk; FLk;gj;

jiytDf;F epk;kjpia nfhLf;fj; njhpahj ngz;L
gps;isfs;> ed;wpnfl;lth;fs;> Kl;lhs;fs;> Raeythjpfs;.
rpW Foe; i jfs; ,y; i ynad; w hy; kdpj cwTfs;

ehw;wnkLj;j cwTfs;
ngz;fs; ve;j tifapYk; jhq;fs; epidj;ij rhjpj;Jf;

nfhs;thh;fs;. mth;fsJ nray;fs; xl;Lnkhj;j FLk;g
eyDf;Ff; Fe;jfk; tpistpf;fhJ vd;why; fz;Lk;
fhzhky; ,Ue;J tplyhk;. ,y;iynad;why; jf;f
Neuj;jpy; chpa tifapy; fz;bj;J itg;gNj xU FLk;gj;
jiytdpd; jiyaha flik.
gR kpfTk; rhJthd gpuhzp. mJ$l kLtpy; ghy;

tw;wptpl;lhy; fd;iw fhyhy; cijj;J tpul;btpLk;.
tajhd gpwFk;$l gzj;jpw;F ngw;Nwhiu mz;Lk;
gps;isfs; me;j fd;iwg; Nghd;wth;fs;jhd;.
rpy ngz;fSf;F fztd; NghdgpwFjhd; fztdpd;

mUikNa njhpAk;. Kd;$l;bNa czu khl;lhh;fs;.
ngz;fs; moptJ mth;fspd; Njitapy;yhj Mirfshy;

jhd; . ngUk; g hyhd ngz; f shy; Njitapy; y hj
Mirfis mlf; f KbahJ. mth; f s; Mirf; F
mbikg;gl;lth;fs;. jq;fs; Mirfs; vy;yhtw;iwAk;
fztd; epiwNtw; w Ntz; L nkd; W vjph; g hh; g ; g h; .
xUNtis VjhtJ fhuzj;jpw;fhf mth;fspd; Mirfis
fztdhy; epiwNtw;w Kbatpy;iynad;why; fhuzj;ij
myrp Muha;e;J nghWik fhf;f khl;lhh;fs;. fztid
Fiw nrhy;th;. gpwF me;j Mirfis jdJ gps;isfs;
epiwNtw;w Ntz;Lk; vd;W vjph;ghh;g;gh;. mth;fshYk;
xUNtis KbahJ Nghdhy; mth;fSf;F Nfhgk; tUk;.
gps;isfs; jq;fsJ Mirfis epiwNtw;w Kbahjjw;F
jq;fs; kUkfs;fs;jhd; fhuzk; vd;W KbT nra;J
me;jf; Nfhgk; kUkfs;fs; kPJ ghAk;. ngUk;ghyhd
FLk;gq;fspy; khkpahh; kUkfs; rz;ilfSf;F ,JNt
%yfhuzk;. gpwfhuzq;fSk; cz;L.
jd; gps;isfs; ey;y gps;isfshf tsh;tjpy; $Ljyhd

ftdk; nrYj; J gtd; Gj; j prhyp. fztid tpl
kidtpf;Nf ,jpy; mjpfk; flik cs;sJ. MtJk;
ngz;zhNy moptJk; ngz;zhNy vd;W nghpNahh;
nrhd;dJ Kf;fhYk; cz;ik. jiyg;gps;is
jWjiyg; g ps; i sahfg; Ngha; t pl; l xU FLk; g k;
Kd;NdWtJ fbdk;.
rp. fhkuh[; 89
fhiyapy; gpiog;gpw;fhf ntspapy; nry;Yk; fztd;

Kfkyh; r ; r pAld; nry; t jpYk; > ntspAyfpy; gy
,d;dy;fSf;fpilapy; khlha; cioj;J tPL jpUk;Gk;
fztd; tPL jpUk;gpaJk; Kfk; kyh;r;rpailtjpYk;
ftdk; nrYj;jhj kidtp xU ey;y kidtp ,y;iy.
ngw;Nwhiu Vkhw;Wk; gps;is jd;idj;jhNd Vkhw;wpf;

nfhs;fpwhd;.
re;ijf;Fg; Nghdhy; re;ij Kbtjw;Fs; Ntz;ba

nghUis thq;fptpl Ntz;Lk;. re;ijNa Kbe;J tpl;lhy;
ve; j g; nghUSk; thq; f KbahJ. ek; tho; f ; i f
Kbtjw; F s; ehk; nra; a Ntz; b a flikfSk;
mg;gbj;jhd;.
xU jukhd FLk;gj; jiytd; jFe;j fhuzj;jpw;fhf

xUthplKs;s cwit Kwpf;fpd;whd; vd;why; xU ey;y
FLk;gj; jiytp me;j cwit kPz;Lk; xl;l itf;f
Kaw;rpf;f $lhJ.
fztdpd; Kff;Fwp mwpe;J ele;J nfhs;sj; njhpahj

kidahs; xU Kl;lhs;. jd; fztid rjh
Fiwnrhy;ypf;nfhz;bUf;Fk; xU ,y;yhs; ey;y kidtp
,y;iy. mtsJ FLk;gk; Kd;NdwhJ. jd; fztDf;F
vg;nghOJk; xU Nflak; Nghy; nray;gLgtNs cj;jk
kidtp.
xU ey;y kidtp jd; gpwe;j tPl;L cwtpdh;fis jd;

FLk;gj;Jld; xl;LtJk;> jd; fztd; tPlL
; cwtpdh;fis
jd; FLk;gj;Jld; xl;lhJ ntl;LtJkhd <dr; nraiy
nra;akhl;lhs;.
xU ,y;yhs; jhd; tho;f;ifg;gl;l tPl;by; jhd; gpwe;j

FLk;gj;Jg; ngUikfisg; Ngrpf; nfhz;bUe;jhy; mts;
Gj;jprhyp ,y;iy.
,y;yhs; xUj;jp jd; fztid vy;yh tifapYk;

gyg;gLj;Jtjpy;jhd; Fwpahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. Fwpg;ghf
nghUshjhu hPjpahf gyg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. rpf;fdk;
njhpahj ,y;yhs; Vkhsp> Kl;lhs;.
khkd; ikj; J dh; f shy; jpthyhthd FLk; g q; f s;

vj;jidNah cz;L. ehk; jpthyhfp tplhj mstpw;F
Ntz;Lkhdhy; cjtp nra;ayhk;.
kidtpahfg;gl;lts; jd; fzthpd; nrhy;Ngr;R Nfl;f

Ntz;Lk;. mijtplr; rpwe;j gjpgf;jp Ntnwhd;Wkpy;iy.
kidtpahfg;gl;lts; vg;gb ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;why;
fztd; mtsplk; ehd; gpwh;Kd; cd;id mbg;gJ Nghy;
mbf;fpNwd;> eP mOtJ Nghy; mO vd;W nrhd;dhy;
mts; mg;gbNa mZ$l gprfhJ nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
mg;gb ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; kidtp.
gps;isfs; thypg taij vl;btpl;lhy; FLk;gj;ij jhq;f

jFjpAs; s th; f shf ,Uf; f pwhh; f sh vd; W Kjypy;
rp. fhkuh[; 91
fz;fhzpf;f Ntz;bats; jha;jhd;. mij tpLj;J

fztidf; Fiw nrhy;ypf; nfhz;bUg;gts; Kl;lhs;.
ngw;wth;fs; gps;isfSf;fhf xU rpukj;ij Vw;Wf;

nfhs;s Ntz;ba fl;lhaj;jpy; ,Ue;jhy; mij Vw;Wf;
nfhs;sj; jaq;ff;$lhJ. ,y;iynad;why; gps;isiag;
ngw;wpUf;ff;$lhJ. gps;isfSk; ngw;Nwhhpd; rpukq;fisg;
Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mJTk; ntFtpiutpy;> Mdhy;
vjw;Fk; ftiyg;glf;$lhJ. ngw;Nwhhpd; rpukq;fisf;
Fiwf;fj; jd;dhy; Md midj;J Kaw;rpfisAk;
vLj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
FLk;gj; jiytd; kfpo;thd kdepiyapy; ,Ue;jhy;

jhd; mtdhy; FLk; g j; j pw; f hf ciof; f KbAk; >
FLk;gj;jpy; vy;NyhUk; kfpo;thf ,Uf;f KbAk;> vd;gij
FLk;gj; jiytp kwf;ff; $lhJ. ,y;iy vdpy; mts;
mbKl;lhs;.
cs;@u ek;FLk;gj;jpy; vt;tsT gytPdk; ,Ue;jhYk;

mJ ntspapy; njhpaf; $ lhJ. FLk; g j; j iytDk;
jiytpAk; ,jpy; kpff; ftdkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Fwpg;ghf FLk;gj; jiytp ,e;j epiyapy; kpfTk;
Gj;jprhypahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
kidtp kf;fspd; nray;fSf;nfy;yhk; juk; gphpahJ

jiyairj;Jf; nfhz;Nl Nghdhy; xU FLk;gj; jiytd;
FLk; g j; jiytdhf ,Ug; g jw; F jFjpaw; w tdhfp
tpLthd;.
ngw; N whh; nrhy; Nfshj gps; i sfSf; F tpjp

cjtpdhnyhopa tho; f ; i fapy; filj; N jw NtW
topapy;iy.
tho;f;ifapy; cz;ikapy; kfpo;r;rp ,y;yhj jk;gjpfs;

gpwh; Kd; kfpo;rr
; pAld; ,Ug;gJNghy; ebf;fthtJ nra;a
Ntz;Lk;. ntWg;ig gpwh;Kd; nfhl;lf;$lhJ. Fwpg;ghf
ngz;fs; ,jpy; kpff; ftdkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. fhuzk;
ngz;fSf;F czh;T Ke;Jk;> Mz;fSf;F mwpT Ke;Jk;.
xU FLk;gj; jiytDf;F vJ moF vd;why; rjpfhuh;fis

jd;dplk; kl;Lk; my;yhJ jd; re;jjpfsplKk; xl;ltplhJ
nra;tJ moF.
ngz;fs; jhd; gpwe;j tPl;Lf; Fw;wj;ij kl;Lk; ve;jf;

fhyj;jpYk; xj;Jf; nfhs;s khl;lhh;fs;. mth;fspd;
Mrhghrq;fspdhy; re;jjpfspd; Kd;Ndw;wk; ghjpf;fg;glf;
$lhJ. xU FLk;gj; jiytd; ,jpy; ftdkhf ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
FLk;gq;fspy; kfpo;r;rp ngz;fs; thiaj; jpwg;gjpy;

(NgRtjpy;) ,Uf;fpwJ. ve;NeuKk; Kfj;ij ck;... vd;W
itj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; ngz; ngz;zpy;iy. mJNghy;
ve;NeuKk; rpLrpLntd;W ,Uf;Fk; MZk; Mz; ,y;iy.
ngUk;ghyhd ngz;fs; jq;fs; tho;fi
; fia njhiyg;gJ
mth;fspd; thahy;jhd;. espdkha; Ngrj; njhpahj
ngz;zhy; ahUila md;igAk; ngw KbahJ.
rp. fhkuh[; 93
kidtpia> khkpahiu> khkdhiu kjpf;fhj Mzpd;

tho;f;if ed;whf ,Uf;fhJ. mJNghy; fztid>
khkpahiu> khkdhiu kjpf; f hJ vjph; j ; J g; NgRk;
ngz;zpd; tho;f;ifAk; ed;whf ,Uf;fhJ. fztdplk;
cz;ikapNy kjpg;G khpahij vJTk; nrYj;jhky;
gpwh;Kd; fztDf;Ff; fPog
; g
; be;j gj;jpdp Nghy; ebg;gts;
ey; y kidtp my; y . ,e; j tpjp gps; i sfSf; F k;
nghUe;Jk;.
ngUk;ghyhd ngz;fs; xd;Wkpy;yhj fhuzj;jpw;fhf $l

fztdplk; ek;gpf;if ,of;Fk;NghJ Rahh;[pjkhf vy;yhk;
nra;a Muk;gpf;fpwhh;fs;. mJjhd; mth;fs; nra;Ak;
khngUk; Kl;lhs;jdk;. ghrk;> Nuhrk; Mfpa ,uz;bd;
ghpzhkk; ngz;fs;> mj;Jld; jpahfKk; mwpTk; Nrh;ej; hy;
mth;fsJ tho;fi ; f rpwf;Fk;. ,y;iynad;why; rpwf;fhJ.
ngz;fs; Nfhyk; NghLthh;fs;. vj;jid Gs;sp itj;J

vd;d Nfhyk; NghLfpwhh;fs; vd;gJ mth;fs; Nfhyk;
Nghl;L Kbj;j gpd;G jhd; njhpatUk;. mJNghy;jhd;
mth;fs; FLk;gq;fspy; nra;Ak; jpUtpisahly;fSk;
,Uf;Fk;. mt;tsT tpflkhdth;fs; ngz;fs;.
FLk;gj; jiytd; vd;w Kiwapy; jd; kidtpia

ghJfhf;Fk; flikAk;> jz;bf;Fk; chpikAk;> mjpfhuKk;
xU fztDf;F cz;L.
,uz;L Ftisfspy; eQ;ir epug;gp> xd;iw khkpahh;

ifapYk;> xd;iw kUkfs; ifapYk; nfhLj;J> ,e;j
eQ;ir cq;fSf;Fg; gphpakhdth;fSf;Ff; nfhLq;fs;
vd;W nrhd;dhy;> me;j eQ;ir khkpahh; kUkfs; thapYk;
kUkfs; khkpahh; thapYk; Cw; W th; . ,Jjhd;
ngUk;ghyhd FLk;gq;fspy; fhyhfhykhf ,Ue;JtUk;
epiyik. FLk;gq;fspy; mikjp epyTtJk;> Gay;>
nfhe; j spg; G Kjypait Vw; g LtJk; ngUk; g hYk;
ngz;fshy;jhd;. FLk;gj;jpw;fhf jpahfq;fs; nra;tJ
ngUk;ghYk; ngz;fis tpl Mz;fNs.
gj;jpdp ahh; vd;why; jd; fztidg; gw;wp jhDk; Fiw

nrhy;yhky; gpwiuAk; Fiw nrhy;y tplhky; tho;gtNs
gj;jpdp.
rjh xUtUf; n fhUth; rz; i lNghl; L f; nfhs; S k;

jk;gjpaiu vd;d Kad;Wk; jpUj;j Kbahj epiyapy;
mth;fisg; gphpj;jhy; mJ Gz;zpak;. ,jw;F khwhf
xw;WikAld; thOk; jk;gjpfis gphpj;jhy; mJ ghtk;.
ngz;fSf;F FLk;gj;jpd; cz;ikahd kfpo;r;rp vJ
vd;gJ njhpahJ. mhpjhf rpy njhpe;j ngz;fs; ,Ug;gh;.
mth;fNs ngz;fs;.
jd; fztd; vj;jid Fw;wthspahf ,Ue;jhYk; $l

fztdpd; Fiwfisg; gpwh; mwpahJ ghh; j ; J f;
nfhs;gts;jhd; cj;jkkhd kidtp. mJ my;yhJ
mtNs gpwhplj; j pYk; > jd; gps; i sfsplj; J k; jd;
rp. fhkuh[; 95
fztidg; gw;wp Fiwfs; $wp gpwUf;Fk;> jd; nrhe;jg;

gps;isfSf;Fk; jd; fztdpd; kPJ cs;s ghrj;ij
kjpg;G> khpahijfisf; nfLg;gts; ey;y kidtp ,y;iy.
xd;Wf;nfhd;W Kuz;gl;l tho;f;if tho;gth;fshy;
FLk;gj;jpy; xw;Wikahf ,Uf;f KbahJ.
jq;fis tsh;jj ; $ypf;fhfthtJ js;shj tajpy; jq;fs;

ngw;Nwhh;fis gps;isfs; guhkhpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mg;gbr;
nra;ahj gps;isf;F ew;fjp fpilf;fhJ> ,J rj;jpak;>
rj;jpaj;jpYk; rj;jpak;. ngw;Nwhiuf; Nfs;tp Nfl;f ve;jg;
gps;isf;Fk; mjpfhuk; ,y;iy. mg;gb Nfs;tp Nfl;Fk;
gps;is Kl;lhs;.
tho;fi
; fapy; ngz;fspd; Fwpf;Nfhs; gzj;jpYk; Rfj;jpYk;
mlq;fpg;Ngha; tpl;lJ. Mdhy;> Mz;fspd; tho;f;if
mjw;Fk; Nkyhf flikf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLf;ff;
$baJ. vdNt> ngz;fis tpl Mz;fNs
nghWg; g hdth; f s; . xU FLk; g j; j py; cz; i kapy;
ngz;fistpl Mz;fs; jpahfpfs;. ,J rj;jpak;.
ve;jf; FLk;gkhf ,Ue;jhYk; me;jf; FLk;gj;jpd; jiytp

cUg;gbahd Mshf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,y;iynad;why;
me;jf; FLk;gk; cUg;glhJ> ,J rj;jpak;. kdpjd;
kfpo;Tld; tho FLk;gk; xU fUtp> mt;tsT jhd;.
FLk;gNk vy;yhk; ,y;iy.
ngUk;ghyhd FLk;gq;fs; nehbj;Jg; NghtJ mjw;F

Ntz; L k; > ,jw; F Ntz; L k; vd; W Njitapy; y hj
nghUs;fis thq;fp tPl;by; Ftpg;gjhy;jhd;. ngz;fs;
mjpy; nfl;bf;fhuh;fs;. fhuzk;> mth;fshy; Miria
mlf;f KbahJ.
ngUk;ghyhd FLk;gg; ngz;fs; jq;fsJ FLk;gj;

jiytid ngUikf; F hpatdhf jq; f s; kdjpy;
itj;jpUg;gJ ,y;iy. VWf;Fkhwhd vz;zq;fSld;
jhd; ,Ug; g hh; f s; . ,J xd; N w me; j f; FLk; g
Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;F ngUk; Kl;Lf;fl;ilahf ,Uf;Fk;.
fdpTk;> jpwikAk; cs;s FLk;gj;jiytd; Njt> muf;fj;
jj;Jtj;ijg; gad;gLj;jp mth;fis Nka;f;fyhk;.
jdf;F ehw;gJ taJ tiu je;ij Gj;jpkjp nrhy;Yk;

msTf;F gps;is ,Uf;ff; $lhJ. ,d;iwa cyfj;J
gps;isfs; mg;gbj;jhd; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. ,J tUe;jj;jf;f
xU epiy.
ngUk;ghyhd kdpjh;fs; gzk; xd;iwj; jtpu NtW

vjw;Fk; kjpg;Gf; nfhLg;gjpy;iy. nghUs; ,y;yhjhh;fF
;
,t;Tyfkpy;iy. Mdhy;> mJ Kw;wpYk; cz;ikapy;iy.
gzk; tho;f;iff;F ,d;wpaikahj xd;Wjhd;. Mdhy;>
,e;j gzj;jpw;fhf xUtd; Nftyg;gl;l tho;fi ; f thof;
$lhJ. ,d;ndhUtid Nftyg;gLj;jTk; $lhJ.
rp. fhkuh[; 97
gpr;irf;fhuh; $l ,g;nghOnjy;yhk; \md;df;fhtbf;F

gpr;ir NghLq;fs; jhNa| vd;W $tpf;nfhz;L njUtpy;
tUtjpy;iy. filtPjpapy; epd;w ,lj;jpy; ,Ue;Nj
gzkhfg; gpr;ir Nfl;fpwhh;. fhuzk;> mz;zg; gpr;ir
Nghl ,g;nghOJ Ml;fs; Fiwe;J tpl;lhh;fs;. mNjhL>
gzkhfg; gpr;ir thq;fpdhy; me;jg; gzj;jhy; mth;
vd;d Ntz;LkhdhYk; thq;fpf; nfhs;syhk; my;yth
mjdhy;. kdpjdplj;jpy; gzj;jpw;F mt;tsT kjpg;G
,Uf;fpwJ.
mbikahf ,y;yhJ ,Ue;J nghUshjhu Rje;jpuj;Jld;

,Ug;gNj vy;yhtpj Rje;jpuj;jpYk; Nkyhd Rje;jpuk;.
Xb Xb ciof;fZk;> CUf;nfy;yhk; nfhLf;fZk; vd;w

ghly; jh;k Njtdpd; ghly;. kdpjd; Xb Xb ciof;fj;
Njitapy;iy> cioj;jhNy NghJk;. mtdtd; cioj;J
mtdtd; FLk;gj;jpw;Ff; nfhLj;jhNy NghJk;. tPLk;>
CUk;> ehLk;> cyfKk; tskhf ,Uf;Fk;.
mePjpahd topfspy; gzk; <l;Lgtd; gpr;irf;fhud;.

mePjpfs; nra;jhtJ gzk; rk;ghjpg;gij nfl;bf;fhuj;jdk;
vd;W ngUk;ghNyhh; vz;Zfpwhh;fs;. mth;fs; Kl;lhs;fs;.
ve; j j; njhopy; cdf; F czitAk; cah; i tAk;
nfhLf;FNkh me;jj; njhopiyr; nra;
FWf;F topapy; Neh;ikahd FWf;F top vd;W xd;W

cz;L. Neh;ikaw;w FWf;F topapy; gzk; rk;ghjpg;gijf;
fhl;bYk; Neh;ikahd FWf;F topapy; gzk; rk;ghjpg;gJ

NkyhdJjhd;. Mdhy;> ,e;j Neh;ikahd FWf;F topAk;
$l cd; ngaiuAk;> kjpg;igAk; gho;gLj;jp tpLk;.
vdNt> FWf;Ftop FWf;Ftopjhd;. mJ Neh;ikahd
FWf;F topahf ,Ue;jhYk; rhp> Neh;ikapy;yhj FWf;F
topahf ,Ue;jhYk; rhpjhd;. vy;yhk; xNu gyidj;jhd;
nfhLf;Fk;.
Neh; i kahd topapy; cioj; J rk; g hjpj; J gzk;

jpul;batidAk;> Neh;ikapy;yhj topapy; ciof;fhJ
rk;ghjpj;J gzk; jpul;batidAk; ,e;j cyfk; kjpf;fpwJ.
Neh;ikahd topapy; cioj;J rk;ghjpf;f
KbahjtidAk; Neh;ikapy;yhj topapy; $l rk;ghjpf;f
KbahjtidAk; ,e;j cyfk; kjpg;gjpy;iy. Mf> ,e;j
cyfk; ek;ik kjpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;why; ek;kplk; gzk;
,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjw;fhf ehk; Neh;ikapy;yhj topapy;
gzk; rk;ghjpf;ff; $lhJ. mJ ghtk;.
Neh;ikahd Kiwapy; tho;e;J nghUspy;yhjtd; ,e;j

cyfj;jpw;F Kd; xU Vkhsp> gpiof;fj; njhpahjtd;>
vt;tsT mwpthspahf ,Ue;jhYk; mth;fSf;F mtd;
Kl;lhs;. Nftyg;gl;l KiwapyhtJ epiwa nghUsPl;l
Ntz;Lk; vd;W jhd; ,e;j cyfj;jpy; ngUk;ghd;ikapdh;
epidf;fpd;wdh;.
Neh;ikahd Kiwapy; tho;f;ifia elj;jpr;

nry; f pwth; f s; j hd; jiyepkph; e ; J VW eilNghlj;
rp. fhkuh[; 99
jFjpAs;sth;fs;. Neh;ikf;F khwhf tho;fpwth;fs;

jiyFdpe;J elf;f Ntz;Lk;. cyfk; ,jw;F Neh;khwhf
,Ug; g J tpag; g hf ,Uf; f pwJ. ,e; j khw; w j; i j
cz;Lgz;zpapUg;gJ gzk;. gzk; kl;Lk; tho;f;if
,y;iy.
Nftykhd Kiwapy; nghUsP l ; b tho; f pwtid

Neh;ikahd Kiwapy; nghUsPlb ; tho;fpwtd; Nftykhf
epidf; f pwhd; . Neh; i kahd Kiwapy; nghUsP l ; b
tho; f pwtid Nftykhd Kiwapy; nghUsP l ; b
tho;fpwtd; Nftykhf epidf;fpwhd;.
ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; xUthplj;jpy; Ngha; mbf;fb cjtp

Nfl;f $lhJ. cd;id kjpf;fhjJld; NftykhfTk;
epidg;ghh;fs;.
cdf;F xU nghUs; Njitnad;why; mJ Njitjhdh

vd;gij cWjpg;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L mij thq;F. fhuzk;
gzj;ij tPzhf;ff; $lhJ. rpf;fdk; NrhW NghLk;.
Cjhhpj;jdk; cjthJ.
kdpjh;fis jPath;fs; Mf;Ftjpy; gzk; ngUk; gq;F

tfpf;fpwJ.
ngz;fs; rpf;fdkhf ,Ue;j fhynky;yhk; Ngha;tpl;lJ.

,g;nghOJ Mz;fs;jhd; rpf;fdkhdth;fs;. ngz;fs;
Cjhhpfs;. vdNtjhd; gy FLk;gq;fspy; gy gpur;rpidfs;
epytp tUfpwJ. FLk;g epk;kjp vd;gJ ngUk;ghYk;

,y; y hJ Ngha; t pl; l J. vJthf ,Ue; j hYk; gzk;
Ntz;Lk;. gzj;jpy; vy;yhk; mlq;fptpl;lJ.
gzk; gilj;jtDf;F vy;yhk; cz;L. Viof;F vJTNk

,y;iy. mtDf;F mtNd Jiz. tPuKk; tpNtfKk;
xd;W NrUk;nghOJ gzj;jhYk; mjpfhuj;jhYk; vJTk;
nra;a KbahJ.
gzk; ek; clk;gpy; XLk; ,uj;jj;jpw;F rkk;. clk;gpDs;

,uj;jk; Fiwe;jhy; cly;eyk; FiwAk;. capUf;Nf $l
Mgj;J tuyhk;. igapy; gzk; Fiwe;jhy; tho;T eyk;
FiwAk;. tho;f;ifNa $l khpf;fyhk;. vdNt> ek;
clk;gpy; NghJkhd ,uj;jKk; igapy; Njitahd
gzKk; vg;nghOJk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
jtWf;F Nky; jtWfs; nra;J Ciuf; nfhs;isabj;J

epiwag; gzk; rk;ghjpj;J itj;jpUg;Nghiu nfl;bf;fhud;
vd;W Nghw;WtJk;> mg;gbr; rk;ghjpf;f epiwa tha;gG
; fs;
,Ue; J k; Neh; i kahf flikahw; w p rk; g hjpj; J f;
nfhs; s hjtiu gpiof; f njhpahj Ms; vd; W
J}w;WtJkhd Ngbj;jdkhd cyfk; ,J.
gzj;jhy; kdj;jpw;F epk;kjp ,y;iy vd;why; me;jg;

gzj;ijj; J}f;fp Fg;igapy; Nghl;Ltplyhk;.
rp. fhkuh[; 101
5. cyftpay;
tho;f;ifapy; rpwpjsNtDk; Raeythjpahf ,Uf;f

Ntz; L k; . ,y; i ynad; w hy; ,e; j cyfk; ek; i kj;
jpd;W tpLk;.
nghJthf ehk; ngha; nrhy;yf;$lhJ. Mdhy;> ahuhtJ

ek;kplk; xU ngha; nrhd;dhy; ehk; mth;fsplk; ,uz;Nlh
,uz;bw;F Nkw;gl;l ngha;fNsh nrhy;yyhk;. mjpy;
jtwpy;iy. fhuzk;> ekf;Fk; ngha; nrhy;yj; njhpAk;
vd;gij mth;fSf;F czh;jj ; Ntz;Lky;yth> mjw;fhf.
ehk; Gfopd; cr;rpf;F nry;fpNwhNkh ,y;iyNah mJ

NtW. vjpYk; Nftyg;glf;$lhJ. mjpy; ftdkhf ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
,d;iwf;F gy rk;gpujhaq;fs; nrj;Jg; Ngha;tpl;ld.

gzKk;> nghUSk;> GfOk; jhd; Kd;epiyg;gLj;jg;
gLfpwJ.
ekJ gyj; i jf; fhl; b Yk; ekJ gytP d k; kpfTk;

Mgj; j hdJ. vdNt> ekJ gytP d j; i jg; gytP d g;
gLj;Jtjpy; ehk; kpfTk; ftdkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
ek; k plk; ahuhtJ> vjw; f htJ> vg; n ghOjhtJ

Njhw;Wtpl;lhy; mth;fs; kdjpy; me;jj; Njhw;w vz;zk;
tho;ehs; KOJk; ,Ue;Jnfhz;Nl ,Uf;Fk;. ehk; ek;
tho;ehs; KOJk; mth;fSld; tho Ntz;ba fl;lhak;

,Ue;jhy; ehk; ek; tho;ehs; KOJk; mth;fsplk;
vr;rhpf;ifahfNt ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
xUtd; cld;te;J mNahf;fpaj;jdk; nra;tJ NtW.

xU mNahf;fpad; cld; tUtJ NtW. ,uz;ilAk;
Fog;gpf; nfhs;sf; $lhJ. ,Uthpy; ahh; ek;Kld;
te;jhYk; ehk; ftdkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. ,UtUNk
cld; te;jhy; kpfTk; ftdkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. fhuzk;>
,dk; rw;W khWgl;bUe;jhYk; ,dk; ,dj;NjhL Nrh;e;J
nfhs;Sk;.
gpwh; ahUk; cd;id kjpg;gJ Nghy; ebf;ff;$lhJ.

cz;ikapNyNa kjpf;f Ntz;Lk;. mg;gb ahuhtJ
cd;id kjpg;gJ Nghy; ebf;fpwhh;fs; vd;why; cd;dplj;jpy;
mth;fSf;F gakpy;iy vd;W nghUs;. xUtDf;F
ek;kplj;jpy; mr;rk; ,y;iy vd;why; ekf;F vjpuhf mtd;
vd;d Ntz;LkhdhYk; nra;thd;. ek;kplk;
mr;rkpy;yhjtd; kdjpy; ehk; mr;rj;ij cz;L gz;z
Ntz;Lk;. ,y;iynad;why; ehk; tho KbahJ.
ngUk;ghyhd kdpjh; gpwhplk; ngha; NgRth;. Mdhy;>

gpwh; ahUk; mthplk; ngha; NgRtij tpUk;gkhl;lhh;.
ehk; gpwhplk; cz;ikjhd; Ngr Ntz;Lk;. Mdhy; ngha;
NgRgthpld; ehKk; ngha; Ngryhk;. mjpy; jtwpy;iy.
eP Ml;rp nra;Ak; epiyapy; ,Uf;Fk;nghOJ MSik

nra;aj; jtwptplhNj> ,y;iynad;why; cdf;Ff; fPo;
cs;sth;fs; cd;id MSik nra;thh;fs;.
rp. fhkuh[; 103
jh;kj;ij nty;y vtuhYk; KbahJ. mJ Ntz;Lkhdhy;

VjhtJ fhuzj;jpw;fhf nray;glhky; ,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy;>
mJ nray;gl Muk;gpj;Jtpl;lhy; mij nty;y ,e;j
cyfpy; NtW ve;j rf;jpAk; ,y;iy. jh;kk; epue;jukhff;
$l nray;glhky; ,Uf;fyhk;. mjw;Fk; VjhtJ fhuzk;
,Uf;Fk;.
mLj;jth; jFjpahdtNuh jFjp ,y;yhjtNuh> ahuhf

,Ue;jhYk; cwitj; jf;f itj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;ba
#o;epiy ,Ue;jhy; vy;yhtpjkhd el;lq;fisAk; ehk;
Vw;Wf; nfhs;sj; jahuhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
cdJ gytPdj;ij vg;nghOJNk jdf;F rhjfkhfg;

gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sjhd; mLj;jtd; Kaw;rpg;ghd;.
vdNt> cdJ gytPdk; vd;d vd;gij Kjypy; eP mwpe;J
nfhz;L $Lkhdtiu mJ ntspapy; ahUf;Fk; njhpahJ
ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;.
cioj;Jg; gpiog;gtd; Kd;dhy; Vkhw;wpg; gpiog;gtd;

vj;jid nghpa NfhB];tudhf ,Ue;jhYk; gpr;irf;fhud;.
,iwAzh;T> md;G> xOf;fk; ,k;%d;Wk;jhd; kdpjid

kdpjdhf tho itf;fpwJ.
ve;j ,lkhf ,Ue;jhYk; ekJ kjpg;G khpahijia

ehk;jhd; fhg;ghw;wpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. mg;gb ,Ue;J
ekf;Ff; fpilf;f Ntz;ba kjpg;G khpahij xU ,lj;jpy;
fpilf;f tpy;iynad;why; mJ ve;j ,lkhf ,Ue;jhYk;
me;j ,lj;jpy; ekJ kjpg;G khpahijia epiyepWj;jp
tpl;Lj;jhd; tuNtz;Lk;. Njitapy;yhJ me;j ,lj;jpy;

,Uf;fTk; $lhJ.
clk;gpw;F VjhtJ NfhshW vd;why; kUj;Jthplk; nrd;W

clk;igf; fhz;gpf;fhJ jr;R Ntiy nra;fpwthplk;
clk;igf; fhz;gpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W nrhy;fpw egh;fSk;
,e;j cyfpy; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. ,ij Kl;lhs;jhd; nrhy;thd;
vd;wpy;iy. nghpa kdpjh; vd;W nrhy;yf;$ba epiyapy;
cs; s th; f Sk; ,g; g b ,Uf; f pwhh; f s; . Kl; l hsplk;
cs;sijr; nrhd;dhy; GhpAk; nghOJ Vw;Wf; nfhs;thd;.
mtdy;yhj kw;wthplk; nrhd;dhy; Ghpe;jhYk; Vw;Wf;
nfhs;s khl;lhh;fs;. mth;fs; jhq;fs; Kl;lhNsjhd;
vd; g ij Mzpj; j ukhf ,e; j cyfpw; F mbj; J r;
nrhy;fpwth;fs;.
murplk; mfg;gl;Lf; nfhs;shj jpUld; mfg;gl;Lf; nfhz;l

jpUlidg; ghh;j;J \`p `p `P. . .| vd;ghd;. mfg;gl;Lf;
nfhz; l jpUlDf; F ,J Nftykhf ,Uf; F k; .
jpUldhfNt ,y;yhJ ,Ue;jhy; ,jw;nfy;yhk; ,lkpy;iy
my;yth? vdNtjhd; cj;jkdhf tho Ntz;Lk;.
gpwh; cd;dplk; tQ;rf vz;zj;JlNdNa cwthbf;

nfhz;bUg;gJ gy Mz;Lfs; fopj;Jf;$l cdf;Fj;
njhpa tUk;. me;j mstpw;Fr; rpwe;j ebfh;fs; ,e;j
cyfpy; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;.
cd;id gpwh; ahUk; fz;fhzpf;Fk;gb tpl;LtplhNj.

mth; cd; jFjpf;F Nkyhdth; vd;why; cd;dplj;jpy;
mtUf;F ek;gpf;if ,y;iy vd;W nghUs;. cd; jFjpf;Ff;
rp. fhkuh[; 105
fPohdth;fs; vd;why; mtUf;F cd;dplj;jpy; kjpg;Gk;

mr;rKk; ,y;iy vd;W nghUs;.
ngha; Ngrj; njhpahtjd; cj;jkd;. kw;wth;fF

; mg;ghtp.
xUthplk; ehk; gf; F tkhf> fdpthf> jd; i kahf

NgRtjhYk;> ele;J nfhs;tjhYk; ehk; Kl;lhs;fshfp
tpl khl;Nlhk;. gpwhplk; mg;gbj;jhd; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Mdhy;> ehk; mg;gb ,Ue;jhy; ehk; Kl;lhs; vd;W
Kl;lhs;fs; epidf;fpwhh;fs;.
ehk; ve;j jtWk; nra;ahJ rhpahd topKiwfis vjpYk;

ifahz;lhy; ghuhSk; rf;futh;jj; pahy; $l ek;ik vJTk;
nra;a KbahJ. mNj Neuk;> ehk; xU rpW jtW nra;J
tpl;lhYk; xU Rz;nlypahy; $l ek;ik nty;y KbAk;.
ngha; nrhy; y f; $ lhJ. xUNtis vg; n ghOjhtJ

vjw;fhtJ ngha; nrhy;y Ntz;ba epiy Vw;gl;lhy;
ey;ytpjkhd ngha;jhd; nrhy;y Ntz;Lk;. jPa ngha;
nrhy;yf;$lhJ. fhuzk;> gpd;dhspy; vg;nghOJhtJ mJ
ek; tho;tpy; elf;Fk;. ngha;Na nrhy;yhjtd; xUtd;
ngha; nrhd;dhy; mjw;F cz;ikapd; rf;jp te;JtpLk;.
gpwh; ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; cd;dplj;jpy; kjpg;G khpahij

,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;> ghrk; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;> cd; jFjpf;F
jFe;j gaKk; mth;fs; kdj;jpy; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
mg;gbnad;why; eP rhpahd topapy; mth;fis elj;jpr;
nry;fpwha; vd;W nghUs;. xUNtis eP ,Uf;Fk;
tifapy; ,Ue;J> mth;fs; ,y;iynad;why;
jpUj;jpaikf;f cdf;Fj; njhpe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
ek;ikg; gw;wp ed;whfj; njhpe;jtd;jhd; ek;ik rpukkpd;wp

Vkhw;Wthd;.
xU nraiy nra;ar; nrhy;fpwth;fs; mijr; nra;a

Ntz;Lk; vd;W xU thpapy; nrhy;yp tpLthh;fs;. Mdhy;>
mth;fs; nrhd;d me;j mij nra;tjw;F vd;dnty;yhk;
nra;a Ntz;Lk; vd;W nray;gLj;Jfpwth;fSf;Fj;jhd;
njhpAk;.
tho;f;ifia Neh;topapy;jhd; elj;jpr; nry;y Ntz;Lk;.

FWf;F topapy; nry;yf; $lhJ. xUNtis
vg;nghOjhtJ vjw;fhtJ jtph;ff; Kbahj #o;epiyapy;
jtph;ff
; Kbahj fhuzq;fshy; FWf;F topiaf; ifahs
Ntz;ba fl;lhak; Vw;gl;lhy; Mgj;jpy;yhj FWf;F
topia Ntz;Lkhdhy; Vw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;. Mgj;jhd
FWf;F topia Vw;Wf; nfhs;sNt $lhJ.
mLj; j tiu kjpf; f j; njhpe; j hNy cdJ tho; f ; i f

ghJfhg;ghdjhf mike;J tpLk;. eP mLj;jtiu kjpj;J
mth; cd;id kjpf;ftpy;iy vd;why; mtiu vg;gb
cd;id kjpf;f itf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w fiy cdf;Fj;
njhpe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. me;jf; fiyia
Njitg;gLk;Nghnjy;yhk; gad;gLj;jj; jaq;ff;$lhJ.
cdJ jdpj;jd;ikia vg;nghOJk; ,oe;J tplf;$lhJ.
ve;j Ntiyahf ,Ue;jhYk; ekJ nrhe;j ghJfhg;igAk;

ek; K ld; Nrh; j ; J ekf; F j; Jizepw; g th; f spd;
ghJfhg;igAk; vg;nghOJk; kwe;Jtplf;$lhJ.
rp. fhkuh[; 107
tP u j; J ld; tpNtfk; NrUk; n ghOJ mw; G jq; f s;

cUthfpwJ.
gzk; kdpjid mJ xd;iwj; jtpu NtW rpe;jid

vJTk; ,y;yhJ nra;JtpLk; ty;yik gilj;jJ.
ekf;F vt;tsT ,d;dy;fs; ,Ue;jhYk;> ek; tho;f;if

Kiw vt;tsT rPhn ; fl;bUe;jhYk;> ek; ehtpypUe;J ey;y
thh;j;ij tu Ntz;Lk;. ,e;j cyfk; tho;e;jhYk;
jho;e;jhYk; VRk;. mJ mjd; Fzk;. Nghw;Wjy; vd;gJ
mhpjhf mJTk; ,iwtd; mUshy; fpilf;Fk;. vdNt>
,e;j cyfj;ij nghUl;gLj;jhky; ehk; ek; flikfisr;
nra;J nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
Kd;ngy;yhk; Fapiy kapy; vd;W jtwhfr; nrhy;yp

tpLgth;fs;> jtiw czUk;nghOJ Fapiy Fapy; vd;W
xj;Jf;nfhs;thh;fs;. Ntz;Lnkd;Nw VjhtJ
cs;Nehf;fj;NjhL Fapiy kapy; vd;W nrhy;gth;fs;jhd;
filrptiu Fapiy kapy; vd;ghh;fs;. ,g;nghOnjy;yhk;
mg;gb ,y;iy. Fapiy kapy; vd;W jtwhfr; nrhy;yp
tpLgth;fs; $l mJ kapy; ,y;iy Fapy;jhd; vd;W
czh;e;jhYk; $l filrptiu Fapiy kapy; vd;Wjhd;
nrhy;fpwhh;fs;. fhuzk; Kjypy; mth;fs; Fapiy kapy;
vd;W nrhy;yptpl;lJjhd;. ehk; tplhg;gpbahf rz;il
Nghl;lhnyhopa mth;fs; topf;F tUtjpy;iy. Mdhy;
rz;il Nghl;lhy;> mth;fs; vjphpahfptpLthh;fs;. mjw;fhf
ehk; vf; f hyj; j pYk; Fapiy kapy; vd; W xj; J f;
nfhs;sf;$lhJ. Fapy; Fapy;jhd;> kapy; kapy;jhd;.
thhpRfSf;F nrhj;Jf;fs; Nrh;j;J itf;fhtpl;lhYk;

ghtq;fs; Nrh;j;J itf;ff;$lhJ.
kpUfq;fs; $l jd;id glnkLf;fpwhh;fs; vd;W njhpe;jhy;

Gifg;glf; fUtpf;F Kd; te;J epd;W Gd;diff;fpd;wd.
cdf;F vd;W ,aw;ifahfNt ,Uf;Fk; gyj;ij ve;j

#o; e piyapYk; ,of; f f; $lhJ. mJ Mgj; i j
tpistpf;Fk;.
cyfj; N jhnlhl; n lhOfhjhh; gy fw; W k; fy; y hh;

mwptpy;yhjhh; vd;w ts;Sthpd; fUj;J cz;ikjhd;.
mjw;fhf ,e;j cyfNk nfhs;is mbj;jhYk; me;j
,opr; nraiy ehk; nra;af;$lhJ.
ek; ,y;yj;J ey;y fhhpaq;fSf;F jFjpAs;sth;fis

kl;Lk;jhd; miof;f Ntz;Lk;. chpik ,Ue;Jk; jFjp
,y;yhjth;fisNah> my;yJ chpik ,y;yhtpl;lhYk;
miof;fj; jFjp ,y;yhjth;fisNah NtW ve;jf;
fhuzj; j pw; f hfTk; miof; f f; $ lhJ. mJ Mgj; i j
tpistpf;Fk;.
jpUkzk; vd;gJ Mapuk; fhyj;Jg; gaph;> ,uz;lhapuk;

fhyj; J g; gaph; vd; W nrhy; t njy; y hk; ntWkNd
Ngr;Rf;fhfr; nrhy;yg;gLtJ. ,g;nghOJ mJ tpahghuk;
Mfptpl;lJ vd;gJjhd; cz;ik.
xU nghJeythjp ,d;ndhU nghJeythjpf;F cjtp

nra; t hd; . ,J cWjp. xU nghJeythjp xU
Raeythjpf;F Njitia Kd;dpl;L cjtp nra;ayhk;>
cWjpapy;iy. xU Raeythjp xU nghJeythjpf;F
Njitia Kd;dpl;L cjtp nra;ayhk;> cWjpapy;iy.
xU Raeythjp ,d;ndhU Raeythjpf;F cjtp nra;a
khl;lhd;. ,J cWjp.
rp. fhkuh[; 109
nfhs;is mbg;gtid ,d;ndhUtd; nfhs;isabg;ghd;.

mJ ghtkh vd;why; ghtk;jhd;. fhuzk;>
nfhs;isabg;gNj ghtk;. nfhs;isabf;fg; gl;ltd;
xU Nahf;fpadhf ,Ue;jhy; vd;d mNahf;fpadhf
,Ue;jhy; vd;d? nfhs;is mbf;fg;gLk; nghOJ mtd;
kdJk; NehfpwJ my;yth> mjdhy; ghtk;.
jPia njhl;lhy; RLk;. eQ;ir Fbj;jhy; caph; NghFk;.

rpyh; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. jPia njhl;Lg; ghh;j;Jjhd; mJ
RLk; vd;gij xj;Jf; nfhs;Ntd; vd;ghh;fs;. ,d;Dk;
rpyh; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. eQ;irf; Fbj;Jg; ghh;j;Jjhd; mJ
capiu kha;fF ; k; vd;gij xj;Jf; nfhs;Ntd; vd;ghh;fs;.
ehk; ,e;j ,uz;lhk; juj;J Mshf kl;Lk; ,Uf;ff;$lhJ.
nghpath;fs;> fw;Wzh;ej; th;fs;> mDgtrhypfs; xd;iwr;
nrhd; d hy; mij Vw; W f; n fhs; S k; jd; i k ekf; F
Ntz;Lk;. rpytw;iwr; Nrhjpj;Jg; gh;f;fyhk;. ,d;Dk;
rpytw;iw Nrhjpj;Jg; ghh;ff
; f;$lhJ. mth;fs; nrhy;tij
mg;gbNa Vw;Wf; nfhs;sj;jhd; Ntz;Lk;.
my;th ,dpf;fj;jhd; nra;Ak;. rh;f;fiu Neha; te;jgpd;G

jhd; mjd; nfhLik GhpAk;. mJNghy;jhd; jtWfSk;.
nra; A k; n ghOJ kfpo; r ; r pahf ,Uf; F k; . mjw; F hpa
jz;lid ngWk;nghOJ jhd; mjd; nfhLik GhpAk;.
ngz;fs; Raeyk; epiwe;jth;fs;. jq;fs; eyDf;fhf

kdijf; fy;yhf;fpf; nfhzL vt;topNaDk; epidj;jij
rhjpj;J tpLthh;fs;.
rpyh; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;> nrhy;yg;Nghdhy; gyh; vd;W $l

nrhy;yyhk;. mth;fs; ehia gd;wp vd;ghh;fs;. gd;wpia
Fjpiu vd;ghh;fs;. mjd; gpd;dzpapy; mth;fSf;F gyd;
VjhtJ ,Uf;Fk;. jhk; nfl;bf;fhuj;jdkha; NgRtjhf
mth;fSf;F epidg;G. Mdhy;> mth;fs; mbKl;lhs;fs;.
ehia eha; vd;Wk; gd;wpia gd;wp vd;Wk; Fjpiuia
Fjpiu vd;Wk; nrhy;gth;fs; Kd; mth;fs; vg;nghOJk;
Njhw;Wg; Nghthh;fs;.
,iwtd; nra;j kpfg;nghpa Fw;wk; kdpjh;fis gilj;jJ

jhd;. ML> khL> Nfhop> FUtpAld; epd;wpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
cyfk; ed;whf ,Ue;jpUf;Fk;.
trjp tha;g;GfSf;fhf tk;G tof;Ffspy; mfg;gl;Lf;

nfhs; S k; tho; f ; i fia tpl mikjpahd rP u hd
tho;f;ifNa rpwe;jJ.
rpy kdpjh;fs; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;> mth;fSf;Fj; jFjp

,Uf;fpwNjh ,y;iyNah> Mir kl;Lk; nghpjhf ,Uf;Fk;.
,kakiyNa mth;fspd; Mirf;F Kd; kpfkpfr; rpwpaJ.
eP yz;ldpy; trpf;fpwha; vd;why; yz;lNd cd;DilaJ

jhd; vd;W cd; nrhe;j ge;jq;fs;> mwpe;jth;> njhpe;jth;
vy;yhUk; epidj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;ghh;fs;. mth;fspd;
Ntiy VjhtJ yz;ldpy; ,Ue;jhy; mth;fSf;fhf eP
mij ntw; w pfukhfr; nra; J Kbg; g ha; vd; W k;
vjph;ghh;g;ghh;fs;.
eP murhq;fj;jpy; gzpGhpe;jhy; murhq;fNk cd;DilaJ

jhd; vd;W gpwh; epidg;gh;. mth;fSf;F murplk; VjhtJ
rp. fhkuh[; 111
Ntiy ,Ue;jhy; mij cd;%yk; nra;J Kbj;Jf;

nfhs;syhk; vd;Wk; epidg;gh;.
Mz;fis tpl ngz;fSf;F FWf;Fg;; Gj;jp mjpfk;.

mij mth; f s; nfl; b f; f huj; j dk; vd; W nrhy; y pf;
nfhs;thh;fs;. jpUl;L Gj;jpiaAk; cUl;L Gj;jpiaAk;
ngw; w thplKk; > cw; w thplKk; fhz; g pf; f f; $lhJ.
Njitg;gl;lhy; ek;ik jw;fhj;Jf; nfhs;s kw;wthplk;
fhz;gpf;fyhk;.
kdpjh;fSf;F ,ilapy; gpur;rpidfs; vg;nghOJ tUk;>

vjw;fhf tUk;> vg;gb tUk; vd;W nrhy;yKbahJ.
Mdhy;> ngUk;ghyhd gpur;ridfs; nghwhikapd;
fhuzkhf tUk;> ngz;fshy; tUk;.
kdpjh;fs; mth;fSf;Fj; njhpe;j topfspy; tha;j;j

tha;g;GfSf;Fj; jf;fgb tho;fpwhh;fs;. NtW vg;gbAk;
tho KbahJ.
ehL> muR vd; g J rhjhuzkhdJ ,y; i y. mJ

vy;yhtw;wpYk; NkyhdJ. murpy; mq;fkhf ,Uf;Fk;
rpy gd;wpfs; eufy; jpd;gJjhd; rhjhuz kf;fSf;Fj;
njhpAk;. Mdhy;> njspe;j xU FbkfDf;F ehL> muirg;
gw;wp vy;yhk; njhpAk;. mtid vJTk; njhpahjtd;
vd;W epidg;gtd; ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; mtd; Kl;lhs;.
Raeyk; fyf;fhj nghJeyk; vd;gJ fpilahJ. xU

rpy Neuk; Njitg;gl;lhy; ehk; Raeythjpahf ,Uf;fyhk;.
Mdhy;> njhlh;e;J Raeythjpahf ,Uf;ff;$lhJ.
jd; flik vd;dntd;Nw njhpahJ jtWfs; nra;Ak;

xUtDf;F jd; flikfis Kbe;j msT ey;ytpjkhfr;
nra;Ak; xUtidf; Fiw$w ve;jj; jFjpAk; ,y;iy.
xU ehSf;F gj;J nfhiyfs; nra;fpwtdhf ,Ue;jhYk;

xU je;ij jd; gps;isf;F ey;yijj;jhd; nrhy;thd;.
je;ij nrhy; kpf;fnjhU ke;jpukpy;iy vd;gJ cz;ikNa.
je; i japd; mwpTiufisf; Nfl; f hJ ,Ue; J tpl; L
gpd; d hspy; jhd; rpukg; g Lk; nghOJ je; i jiaf;
Fiwnrhy;y ve;j gps;isf;Fk; jFjp ,y;iy.
gpwh; vj;jid Kiw jtWfs; nra;jhYk; mitfis

ehk; nghWj;Jf; nfhz;L nry;Yk; nghOJ Qhakhf
ehk; rpWNfhgk; vg;NghjhtJ nfhz;lhYk; mijj; jtW
vd;Wjhd; gpwh; nrhy;th;. mJjhd; cyfk;.
Ntz;batd; jg;Gj; jtW nra;jhy; muR kd;dpf;Fk;.

Ntz;lhjtd; nra;jhy; jz;bf;Fk;. Ntz;batid
kd; d pj; j hy; jdf; N f Mgj; J vd; w hy; mtid
gypflhthf;Fk;. ,Jjhd; murpd; Fzq;fs;.
ey;YwTfis guhkhpg;gjpy; xl;Lg;Gy;iyg; Nghy; ,Uf;f

Ntz;Lk;. ehAUtpiag; Nghy; ,Uf;ff;$lhJ. cz;ik
,y;yhjth;fs;> xOf;fk; ,y;yhjth;fs; ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk;
mth;fspd; cwit njhluf;$lhJ.
rp. fhkuh[; 113
rhjhuz kdpjd; ve;j xU gpur;ridahf ,Ue;jhYk;

Raeyj;ijf; fUj;jpy; nfhz;L KbntLf;fpwhd;. mrhjuz
kdpjNd vy; y hh; eyj; i jAk; fUj; j py; nfhz; L
KbntLf;fpwhd;.
xUth; ekf;F ngha;> gpj;jyhl;lk;> Mir fhuzkhf
mwpe;Jk; nra;Ak; nfLjy;fisf; $l Vw;W kd;dpj;J
tplyhk;. Mdhy;> xU nfLjy; JNuhfj;jhy; Vw;gl;lJ
vd;why; mij kd;dpf;fNt $lhJ. fhuzk;> JNuhfk;
vd;gJ nghwhik vd;Dk; tpj;jpd; tpUr;rk;. ahuhf
,Ue;jhYk; JNuhfk; nra;fpwth;fs; kdpjhpy;iy.
gpwh; mth;fs; njhlh;ghd jfty;fis kpf kpf ,ufrpakhf

itj;jpUg;ghh;fs;. ,Wjptiu vJTNk ekf;Fj; njhpa
tuhJ. Mdhy;> ehk; mJNghy; ,Ue;jhy; mij xU
nghpa Fiwahf vy;yhhplj;jpYk; typa typa nrd;W
nrhy;thh;fs;. ,J jhd; cyfk;.
eha; xU ed;wpAs;s kpUfk;. kdpjhplj;jpy; kpfTk; el;ghfg;

goFk;. ed;wpapd; rpd;dkhd ehNa ,d;ndhU ehAld;
rz;il NghLk;. Vdlh eha; mbj;Jf; nfhs;tJ Nghy;
mbj;Jf; nfhs;fpwha; vd;ghh;fs;. mg;gb ed;wp> el;gpd;
rpd;dkhfg; gl;l ehNa xd;Wf;nfhd;W mbj;Jf;nfhs;Sk;
nghOJ kdpjh;fs; rz;il mbj;Jf; nfhs;tjpy; xd;Wk;
tpag;gpy;iy. ed;wpnfl;l jdkhf ,y;yhky; ,Ue;jhy;
mJNt NghJkhdJ.
cwTfis curpg;ghh;f;f $lhJ. gytPdkhf ,Ue;jhy;

cile;J NghFk;. gykhf ,Ue;jhy; gytPdg;gLk;.
rpye;jp tiy gpd;DtJ Nghy; kdpjh;fspd; tpjpia

,iwtd; gpd;dp itj;jpUf;fpwhh;. vg;gb rpye;jp tiyapy;
VjhtJ XhpU fd;dp mWe;Jtpl;lhy; tiy gytPdg;gl;L
rpye;jpapd; eyd; ghjpf;fg;gLfpwNjh mJNghy; ek;ikr;
rhh;e;jth;fspd; tho;f;if ghjpf;fg;gl;lhy;> VjhtJ
xUtifapy; ekJ tho;fi ; fAk; ghjpf;fg;gLfpwJ. vdNt>
kdpjh; f s; xUtUf; n fhUth; jq; f sJ cwTfis
gyg; g Lj; j pf; nfhs; t jpy; j hd; ftdj; i jr; nrYj; j
Ntz;Lk;. gytPdg;gLj;jpf; nfhs;tJ Kl;lhs;jdk;.
khzt> khztpah; jq;fs; gs;sp> fy;Y}hpfspy; Mrphpah;>

Nguhrphpah; KjypNahh; nrhy;tijf; Nfl;fhky;> mth;fs;
fplf; f pwhh; f s; > mth; f Sf; n fd; d Ntiy vd; w
vz;zj;Jld; VNdh jhNdh vd;W jq;fs; gs;sp> fy;Y}hp
tho;fi; fia flj;jpdhh;fs; vd;why; mth;fshy; rpwg;ghf
Njh;tpy; ntw;wpaila KbahJ. xUNtis ntw;wp
ngw;why; mjpfkhd kjpg;ngz;fs; ngw;wpUf;fKbahJ.
mJNghy;jhd; xU FLk;gj;jpYs;s mq;fj;jpdh;fs;
FLk; g j; J g; nghpath; f s; nrhy; t ijf; Nfl; f hky;
VNdhjhNdhntd;W tho;e;jhy; mth;fs; tho;f;ifapy;
ntw;wpaila KbahJ. xUNtis ntw;wp ngw;wpUe;jhy;
me;j ntw;wp Nghw;Wjw;Fhpajhf ,Uf;fhJ.
xUtuJ fUj;J vg;nghOJ jj;JtkhfpwJ vd;why;

ngUk;ghyhdth;fshy; mJ Vw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gLk; nghOJ
jj;JtkhfpwJ.
mf;fhyj;jpy; yQ;rk; thq;fpdhy; Nftyk;. ,f;fhyj;jpy;

yQ; r k; thq; f tpy; i ynad; w hy; Nftyk; . Mdhy; >
gpbg;gl;lhy; vf;fhyj;jpYk; Nftyk;.
rp. fhkuh[; 115
rpy ngw;Nwhh;fs; jq;fs; ngz; jpUkzkhfp rk;ge;jg;Guk;

nrd;w gpwFk;$l jq;fs; kbapNyNa mkh;e;J my;th
rhg;gpl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;Wjhd;
tpUk;Gfpwhh;fs;. jq;fspd; khg;gps;isf;F mtuJ gpwe;j
FLk;gj;Jf; flikfs; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;gijg; gw;wp rpwpJ
$l vz;zpg; ghh;g;gjpy;iy. mg;gbg;gl;l ngw;Nwhh;fs;
jq; f s; ngz; f Sf; F FLk; g q; f spy; khg; g ps; i s
Njlf;$lhJ. mdhij Mrpukq;fs; nrd;Wjhd; khg;gps;is
Njl Ntz;Lk;.
gpwh; tho;jJ
; tJ ek;ik tho itf;Fk;. J}w;WtJ ek;ik
rhfbf;Fk;. vdNt> gpwh; J}w;Wf;F MshfhNj.
fPoj
; l;bYs;s xU muRg; gzpahsd; yQ;rk; thq;Ffpwhd;
vd; w hy; mtDf; F tUkhdk; Nghjhky; > FLk; g
mbg;gilj; Njitf;fhf NtW topapy;yhJ thq;Ffpwhd;.
mtid kd;dpj;J tplyhk;. Mdhy;> Nky;jl;bYs;s xU
muRg; gzpahsd; thq;Ffpwhd; vd;why; mtd; njUtpy;
NghFk; gd;wpia tplf; Nftykhdtd;. yQ;rk; thq;fpg;
gpiog;gJ eufy; jpd;gjw;Fr; rkk;. Coy; nra;tJ
mijtplf; NftykhdJ.
ehk; vg;nghOjhtJ ahUf;fhtJ jf;f jUzj;jpy; VjhtJ

cjtp nra;jpUe;Njhkhdhy; mjd; Qhgfk; mth;fSf;F
tUk; nghOnjy;yhk; ek;ik kdjhu tho;j;Jthh;fs;.
re;Njfj;jpw;F ,lkpy;yhJ me;j tho;j;Jf;fs; ekf;F
gydspf;Fk;.
ehk; vg;gbg;gl;l Nkhrkhd epiyapy; ,Ue;jhYk; gpwh;

mijg; gw;wp ftiyg;glkhl;lhh;. me;j ekJ Nkhrkhd
epiyapYk; $l ek;kplkpUe;J VjhtJ gyd; milaj;

jhd; Kaw;rp nra;th;.
jpUld; mLj;jtd; %is ed;whf ,Ue;jhy; mijf;$l

jpUl Kaw;rpg;ghd;.
fspkz;zpy; gps;isahh; gpbj;jhy; gps;isahh; tUthh;.

Nga; gpbj;jhy; Nga; tUk;. kdpjd; ,e;jf; fspkz;izg;
Nghd;wtd;jhd;. ehk; vd;d gpbf;fpd;NwhNkh mJthf
mtd; khWfpd;whd;.
eP cyf kfh tPudhf ,Uf;fyhk;. cd;dplk; jpUl;Lj;jdk;

GFe;J nfhz;lhy; cd; tPuk; vy;yhhplj;jpYk; kz;bapl;L
tpLk;.
Mzhf ,Ue;jhYk; ngz;zhf ,Ue;jhYk; cd;id

jpUkzk; nra;J nfhs;s Ml;fs; thpirapy; epw;f
Ntz;Lk;. me;j mstpw;F ,sikapNyNa tho;fi
; fapy;
eP cd;id cah;j;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
eP vjw;FNk gag;glhj Mshf ,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy;>

cd; kPJ gpwh; gLk; nghwhikf;F gag;gL. tho;ehspy;
,e;j cyif ntFtpiutpy; Ghpe;J nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
jhkjpf;f jhkjpf;f xUtDf;F Jd;gq;fs; jhd; kpQ;Rk;.
rf kdpjd; ek;gpf;iff;F ghj;jpukhdtdhf ,y;yhJ

,Ue; j pUe; j fhuzj; j pdhy; j hd; kdpjd; G+l; i lAk;
jpwTNfhiyAk; fz;Lgpbj;jpUe;jpUf;fpd;whd;.
rp. fhkuh[; 117
,y;iynad;why; mitfis fz;Lgpbf;fj; Njit

,Ue;jpUf;fhJ.
Neh;ikahd topfspy; tho;f;ifapy; Kd;Ndw Ntz;Lk;

vd;w vz;zk; ek; kdj;jpy; jPr;Rluhf ,Wjptiu vhpe;J
nfhz;Nl ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
vt;tsT nghpa jPiaAk; mizj;J tplyhk;. Mdhy;>
xUtd; kdj; j pYs; s nghwhikj; jP i a kl; L k;
mizf;fNt KbahJ.
gzk; jd;id kjpg;gthplj;jpy;jhd; jq;Fk;. gpwhplj;jpy;

jq;fhJ. ek; kbapy; cs;s gzj;jpw;F gpwh; fzf;Fg;
NghLth;. mJjhd; cyfk;.
gpwiu Nka;f;f Ntz;Lnkd;why; ekf;F kNdhjj;Jtk;

njhpe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
vd;d fhuzj;jpw;fhf rk;gpujhaq;fs; cUthf;fg;gl;lNjh>

me; j fhuzNk ,y; y hky; NghFk; nghOJ me; j
rk;gpujhaq;fisr; nra;a Ntz;bajpy;iy.
ehk; tpopj;jpUf;Fk;nghOJ ekf;F Vw;gLk;

czh;TfSf;Nfw;g ek; clypy; ve;jtpjkhd khw;wq;fs;
Vw;gLfpwNjh> mNjNghd;w khw;wq;fs; ehk; cwq;Fk;
nghOJ ehk; ve;j khjphp fdTfs; fhz;fpNwhNkh
mg;nghOJk; Vw;gLfpwJ.
jd;idAk; gpwiuAk; kfpo;Tld; itj;Jf; nfhs;s

njhpahjtd; xU Kl;lhs;.
rpq;fk; vd;why; cWkpf; nfhz;lhtJ ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.

,y;iynad;why; Rz;nlyp ghh;j;Jf; Nfl;Fk; rpq;fj;ij>
\\Va;.... rpq;fk;.... vd;d?.....|| vd;W.
xUtd; vd;d njhopy; nra;fpwhNdh me;jj; njhopypd;

ngauhy; milahsk; fz;Lnfhs;sg;gLthd;. itj;jpak;
nra;jhy; itj;jpad;> tpahghuk; nra;jhy; tpahghhp>
gpwiu Vkhw;WtijNa njhopyhff; nfhz;bUg;gtd;
Vkhw;Wf;fhud;.
nghwhik kdpj Fzq;fspy; kpfkpf <dj;jdkhf Fzk;.

Nfhgk;> fhkk; $l nghwhikf;F mLj;j epiyapy; jhd;
tUk;. nghwhikg;gLfpwtd; jd;idAk; mopj;Jf; nfhz;L
ahh;kJ
P nghwhikg; gLfpwhNdh mtidAk; mopf;fpwhd;.
kdpjdhfg; gpwe;jtDf;F Ie;J tifahd flikfs;

cz;L. mit> jhd; gpwe;j FLk;gj;jpw;F nra;a Ntz;ba
flikfs;> mLj;J jdJ FLk;gj;jpw;Fz;lhd flikfs;>
mjw;fLj;J jdJ cw;whh; cwtpdh;f;Fz;lhd flikfs;.
mjw;Fk; mLj;J jd; ez;gh;fs;> mwpe;jth;fs;> njhpe;jth;
fSf; F z; l hd flikfs; . ,Wjpahf jhd; rhh; e ; j
rKjhaj;jpw;Fz;lhd flikfs;. xU ey;y Fbkfdhf
,Ue;jhNy ekJ rKjhaf; flikfs; G+h;j;jpahfpwJ.
,d;ndhUth; rf;futh;jj
; pahf ,Ue;jhYk; mth; ekf;Fr;
rkkhdth;jhd;. ve;j tifapy; vd;W Nfl;lhy; kdpjh;
vd;w tifapy;.
ehk; elf;Fk;nghOJ xOq;fhf elf;fhky; jhWkhwhf

ele;jhy; fhy; ,lwpdhYk; fPNo tpohky; rkhspj;Jf;
rp. fhkuh[; 119
nfhs;syhk;. Mdhy; XLk;nghOJ jhWkhwhf Xbdhy;

rkhspf;fKbahJ> tpOe;J tpLNthk;. mjdhy; ele;jhYk;>
XbdhYk; mij xOq;fhfr; nra;a Ntz;Lk;. mjw;F
kdjpy; njspT Ntz;Lk;. tho;f;ifAk; mg;gbj;jhd;.
jpUld; vd;iwf;Fk; jpUld;jhd;. mtd; Nahf;fpadhfg;

Nghtjpy;iy. mhpjhf MdhYk; mtid gpwh; ek;gj;
jaq;Fth;.
kJ> khJ> #J ,e;j %d;W gof;fq;fspy; xUtdplj;jpy;

vJ ,Ue;jhYk; mtd; tho;fi
; f Kbe;J tpl;lJ vd;Wjhd;
nghUs;.
gpwUf;F Ntz;Lkhdhy; ehk; Kl;lhshfj; njhpayhk;.

Mdhy; ekf;F ehk; Kl;lhs; ,y;iy.
ngUk;ghyhNdhh; Misg;ghh;> Kfj;ijg; ghh;> ehk;

,Uf;Fk; ,lj;ijg; ghh; vd;w mstpy;jhd; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;.
ek; kdj;ijg; ghh; vd;wpUg;gth; kpfr; rpyNu.
E}W kdpjh;fs; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs; vd;why; ahuhtJ xd;wpuz;L

Ngh; f s; j hd; NjtFzk; gilj; j ehapd; Fz
,ay;GfSld; ,Ug;ghh;fs;. kPjpg;Ngh; midtUk; muf;f
Fzk; gilj;j gd;wpapd; Fz ,ay;GfSld;jhd; ,Ug;gh;.
ehk; vg; n ghOJk; NjtFzk; gilj; j th; f is ek;
fhhpaq;fSf;Fj; Njbf; nfhz;bUf;f KbahJ. ,e;j
muf;fh;fis itj;Jj;jhd; nrayhw;w Ntz;bapUf;Fk;.
MSik Fzk; ek; k plk; ,Ue; j hy; NghJkhdJ.
vy;yhiuAk; Nka;f;fyhk;. fdpTk; fye;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;.
kdpjh;fSf;fpilapy; ,Uf;Fk; cwT xU fz;zhbg;

ghj;jpuj;ijg; Nghd;wJ. mJ cile;J Nghfhj tifapy;
kpfTk; ftdkhff; ifahs Ntz; L k; . VjhtJ
fhuzj;jpw;fhf mij cilj;J tpl;lhy; gpwF vd;djhd;
jpwikahf mij xl;bdhYk; mJ ciltjw;F Kd;G
,Ue;j gyk; me;j cwTf;F ,y;iy.
,kakiyia Vwpf; flf;f KbAk;. Mdhy; mijj;

jhz;bf; flf;f KbahJ. gyNgh; tho;f;ifapy; jhz;l
Kaw;rpf;fpwhh;fs;.
cg;gpy;yh gz;lk; Fg;igapNy. cg;G $ba gz;lKk;

Fg;igapy;jhd;.
ehk; kl;Lk; Gj;jprhypahf ,Ue;jhy; gadpy;iy. ek;ik

Nrh;e;jth;fSk; Gj;jprhypahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
gwe;J gwe;J NjLk; xU fhf;iff;F fpilf;Fk; czT

cl; f hh; e ; j pUf; F k; xU fOFf; F f; fpilf; f hJ. ek;
tho;f;ifAk; mg;gbj;jhd;.
fz;zhb Kd; epd;W rphpj;jhy; fz;zhbapy; njhpAk;

gpk;gk; rphpf;Fk;. Kiwj;jhy; mJTk; Kiwf;Fk;. kdpjDk;
mg;gbj;jhd;.
gpwh; MAjk; jhq;fpa Nghh; tPuDf;F gag;gLtjpy;iy.

mtd; ifapYs;s Majj;jpw;Fj;jhd; gag;gLth;.
rp. fhkuh[; 121
gzj;jhy; md;igAk; tpiyf;F thq;f KbAk;. Mdhy;>

md;gpw;F mJ njhpaf;$lhJ. njhpe;jhy; mJ tpiyf;F
tuhJ.
ngUk;ghYk; ngz;fs; kWgpwtpapYk; ngz;zhfg;

gpwf;fNt tpUk;Gfpwhh;fs;. ,J cz;ik.
mtd; fhNu itj;jpUg;ghd;> eP xU Nkhl;lhh; irf;fps;

thq;fpdhy; mjw;F cd; kPJ mtd; nghwhikg; gLthd;.
ehk; fhNu itj;jpUf;fpNwhNk vd;W vz;z khl;lhd;.
mJjhd; cyfk;.
kdpjdpd; clk;gpy; XLk; ,uj;jk; nghJthf rptg;G

epwKilaJ. Mdhy;> ,J mtdJ czh;Tf;Fj; jFe;jhw;
Nghy; epwk; khWk; jd;ikAilaJ. vg;gbnadpy;> kdpjd;
ghr czh;it ntspg;gLj;Jk; nghOJ gr;irahfTk;>
ey;y vz;zq;fis ntspg;gLj;Jk; nghOJ kQ;rshfTk;>
kfpo;rr; pia ntspg;gLj;Jk; nghOJ ntsph; rptg;ghfTk;>
mikjpia ntspg;gLj;Jk; nghOJ ePykhfTk;> fglj;ij
ntspg; g Lj; J k; nghOJ fUeP y khfTk; > tQ; r j; i j
ntspg;gLj;Jk; nghOJ fUQ;rptg;ghfTk;> Jf;fj;ij
ntspg;gLj;Jk; nghOJ fUg;ghfTk;> gw;ww;w jd;ikia
ntspg;gLj;Jk; nghOJ rhk;gy;epwkhfTk; khWfpwJ.
rpdj; i j ntspg; g Lj; J gthpd; ,uj; j k; kl; L Nk
vg; n ghOJk; rptg; g hf ,Uf; f pwJ. xU GJik
vd;dntdpy; gzk; gilj;jtd; clk;gpy; XLk; ,uj;jk;
nts;is epwk;. ,J vy;Nyhh;f;Fk; njhpatuhJ. Kjph;e;j
mDgtrhypfSf; F kl; L Nk njhpatUk; . ed; w p
nfl;ltdpd; cl;kg ; py; XLk; ,uj;jk; thdtpy;ypd; epwj;ijg;
Nghd;wJ> mg;gb n[hypf;Fk;.
jd; flikapypUe;J eOTgth; ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; mth;

fz;ldj;jpw;Fhpath;.
ehk; mf;fpukq;fs; nra;ahJ ,Ue;jhNy NghJk;> ek;

gps;isfs; ed;whf ,Ug;ghh;fs;.
gpwiug; gw;wp kl;lkhfNt epidj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;gtdhy;

gpwiu rhpahf vil Nghl KbahJ. gpwiuNa
fz; f hzpj; J f; nfhz; b Ug; g td; jd; tho; f ; i fapy;
Kd;Ndw KbahJ.
tho;f;if xU tpahghuk;. yhgk;> Rfk;> gzk; ,itjhd;

mjpy; <LgLNthhpd; Fwpf;Nfhs;. ghrk; ,uz;lhtJ
,lj;ijj;jhd; ngWfpwJ.
gpwh; Gj;jprhypahf ,Uf;fyhk;. mth; Gj;jprhyp vd;gjw;fhf

ehk; Kl;lhs;fs; ,y;iy.
ek; %is rpe;jpf;fpwJ. kdk; fw;gid nra;fpwJ. ,e;j

%isAk; kdKk; xUq;fpize;J nray;gLk;nghOJ
mw;Gjkhd fhtpaq;fSk;> Xtpaq;fSk;> ftpijfSk;>
gpw fiyfSk; kdpjdhy; gilf;fg;gLfpwJ.
,e; j cyfpy; ngUk; g hyhNdhh; Raeythjpfs; .

Raeythjpahf ,Uf; f Ntz; b a ,lj; j py; ehKk;
Raeythjpahf ,Uf;fj;jhd; Ntz;Lk;.
ehk; gpwh; fz; z pYk; thapYk; ,Uf; f f; $ lhJ.

fz;zpypUe;jhy; mth;fsJ nghwhikf;F Ml;gLNthk;.
rp. fhkuh[; 123
thapypUe;jhy; mth;fsJ rhgj;Jf;F Ml;gLNthk;.

,uz;LNk ek; tho;f;iff;F Vw;wjy;y.
,e;j cyfk; xU nghpa ehlfNkil. Mz;fs; vy;NyhUk;

ebfh;fs;. ngz;fs; vy;NyhUk; ebiffs;. ehKk; ebf;f
Ntz;ba ,lj;jpy; ebf;fj;jhd; Ntz;Lk;.
ve;j xU tprakhf ,Ue;jhYk; mJ xUtUf;F Nky;

njhpe;jhy; ,ufrpaky;y.
ekJ gytPdk; ek;ik tpiue;J nray;glr; nra;Ak;.

gyk; vdf; n fd; d ntd; W thohtpUf; F k; . ekJ
gytPdj;ijr; rhpahf vilNghl;L tpiuit epjhdg;gLj;jp
gyj; i j gpuNahfpj; j hy; ekf; F ngUksT ntw; w p
fpilf;Fk;.
nghJthf ,U egh;fSf;F ,ilapy; ey;y cwT epiy

,Ue;jhYk;> mJ ,y;yhJ NghdhYk;> me;j epiyia
jdf; F g; gaDs; s jhf Mf; f pf; nfhs; s j; j hd; xU
%d;whtJ egh; Kaw;rpg;ghd;.
ngUk;ghyhNdhh; ey;yth;fis Kjypy; kjpg;ghh;fs;.

ehsiltpy; kjpf; f khl; l hh; f s; . fhuzk; > mth; f s;
ey;yth;fshf ,y;yhJ ,Ug;gNj.
Nfhzy; Gj;jpf;fhuh;fs; jq;fs; %isiaj; jhq;fNs

Neuhf;fpf; nfhs;sNtz;Lk;. ,y;iynad;why; gpwh;
Neuhf;Fth;.
xU FLk;gj; jiytd; Kl;lhshf ,Ue;jhy; me;jf;

FLk;gk; mtjpAWk;. xU epWtdj; jiytd; Kl;lhshf
,Ue;jhy; me;j epWtdk; eypAk;. xU ehl;Lj; jiytd;
Kl;lhshf ,Ue;jhy; me;j ehNl my;yy;gLk;. Mf> xU
jiytd; vjw;Fj; jiyik tfpj;jhYk; mtd; Kl;lhshf
,Uf;ff;$lhJ.
ehk; gpwiu E}w;Wf;F E}W ek;gpdhYk; me;j msTf;F

gpwh; ek;ik ek;gj; jahuhf ,y;iy vd;gJjhd; cz;ik.
Njf;F kuk; thdsht cah;e;J tsu Ntz;Lkhdhy;

rhpahd ,lj;jpy;> rhpahd #o;epiyapy; mJ elg;gl
Ntz;Lk;. mt;tg;NghJ guhkhpg;gJld; Njitapy;yhj
nfhg;GfisAk;> fpisfisAk; fise;J tpl Ntz;Lk;.
kdpjDk; tho; f ; i fapy; cau Ntz; L k; vd; w hy;
mg;gbj;jhd;. rhpahd ,lj;jpy; rhpahd #o;epiyapy;
jd;id el;Lf; nfhz;L mt;tg;nghOJ Njitapy;yhj
kdpjh;fis jd;dplkpUe;J tpyf;fp tplTk; Ntz;Lk;.
Mdhy;> jhd; cah;tjw;F cjtpahf ,Ue;jth;fsplk;
kl;Lk; vf;fhyj;jpYk; ed;wpia kwthJ ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
ed;wp kwg;gJ <dr;nray;.
kj rk;gpujhaq;fs; fzf;fpylq;fhjit. mitfis

Nkw;nfhs;tjw;Nf ekf;F fzprkhd tUkhdk; Njitg;
gLfpwJ. mjdhNyNa gyh; jtWfs; nra;fpwhh;fs;. ,J
kNdhjh; k j; j pw; F g; Gwk; g hdJ. vdNt> kpfTk;
Kf;fpakhditfis kl;Lk; njhlh;e;J nra;J nfhz;L
gpwtw;iw tpl;LtpLtjpy; jtwpy;iy. mjdhy; ek;
ehfhPfKk; njhlUk;> rKjhaj;jpy; Fw;wq;fSk; FiwAk;.
rp. fhkuh[; 125
ekf;Fj; njhz;Z}W taJ MdhYk; ehk; tpuy; ghy;

Fbf;Fk; ghg;ghthf ,Ug;Nghk; vd;W jhd; ,e;j cyfk;
vz;zpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
xU fpNyh nts;spia tpw;W me;jg; gzj;jpy; xU

fpNyh jq;fk; thq;fr; nrhy;thh;fs;. mth;fSf;F epidg;G
jhk; rkh;j;jh;fs; vd;W. ek;ikg; nghWj;jtiu mth;fs;
Kl;lhs;fs;. ,jpy; Ntbf;if vd;dntd;why; mJ KbahJ
vd;gij njhpe;J nfhz;Nl nrhy;thh;fs;. mg;gbAk;
kdpjh;fs; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;.
ehk; ngUe;jd;ikAld; ,Uf;fpNwhk; vd;W vz;zpf;

nfhz;L ,spj;jtha;j;jdkhf ,Uf;ff;$lhJ.
Neh;ikahf cioj;J mjpy; <l;Lk; tUthapy; cz;L

mikjpahf cwq;Ftjpy; ,Uf;Fk; ,d;gk; NtW vjpYk;
,y;iy.
cd;dhy; tho;f;ifapy; vJ KbANkh mijr; nra;. mJ

jh;kj;Jf;F cl;gl;l nrayhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. gpwh;
Vr;irAk; J}w;iwAk; gw;wp JspAk; ftiyg;glhNj. ehk;
vjpYk; Neh;ikahf Mir nfhs;tjpy; jtwpy;iy.
Nguhir nfhs;tJjhd; jtW.
kdpjh;fSf;F Mir vd;w tpahjp ,Ug;gJ tzpfh;fSf;F

kpf ed;whfNt njhpAk;. mij J}z;btpl;L rhpahd
Neuj;jpy; gzk; rk;ghjpg;ghh;fs;.
ek; tho; t py; elg; g njy; y hk; fhyj; j pd; fl; l hak; .
Njitapy;yhj Mir vd;W VjhtJ> kdjpy; cz;lhdhy;>
me;j nehbNa mijf; nfhd;W tpl Ntz;Lk;. tsu
tplf;$lhJ.
gy Neuq;fspy; ekJ gyj;ijf; fhl;bYk; ekJ gytPdNk

ek;ik KbntLf;f itf;fpwJ.
ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; mthplk; eP cz;ikAs;stdhf ,Ue;J

mth; cd;dplk; cz;ikapy;yhjtuhf ,Ue;jhy; mth;
cdf;Fj; Njitapy;iy.
thypg tajpy; fpilf;Fk; E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd ez;gh;fs;

tNahjpf tajpy; ,y;yhky; Ngha;tpLth;.
ngUk;ghyhd kdpjh;fs; mf;fpukq;fs;> mepahaq;fs;>

jpy;YKy;Yfs; nra;fpwhh;fs; vd;why; ngUk;ghYk; jd;
ngz;L gps;isfSf;fhfj;jhd; nra;fpwhh;fs;.
cd; flikfis eP nra;J Kbf;f Kbahky; Nghtjw;F

Kd; miuFiw jpUg;jpAldhtJ nra;J Kbg;gJ ey;yJ.
tpQ;Qhdpfs; kdpjh;fisAk; gpw caphpdq;fisAk; kw;w

nghUs;fisAk; Muha;rr ; p nra;thh;fs;. Mdhy; Qhdpfs;
jhd; ahh; vd;W Muha;r;rp nra;thh;fs;.
cj; j kd; vtndd; w hy; vtndhUtd; mLj; j td;

Kd;Ndw;wk; fz;L nghwik nfhs;shJ ,Uf;fpwhNdh
mtNd cj;jkd;.
rp. fhkuh[; 127
cwTfs; frf;Fk; Kd; xJq;fptpl Ntz;Lk;.
Mr;rhuq;fs; vy;yhtw;iwAk; njhpe;J itj;Jf; nfhs;.

Mdhy; filg;gpbf;f Kbe;jtw;iwf; filg;gpb.
Ntz;lhjth; ek;kplk; te;jhy; ekf;F el;lk;. ek;ik tpl;Lg;

Nghdhy; yhgk;. Ntz;bath; ek;kplk; te;jhy; ekf;F
yhgk;. ek;ik tpl;Lg; Nghdhy; el;lk;. rpyNeuk; khWgl;Lk;
,Uf;Fk;.
NfhgNk tuhj xUtDf;Ff; Nfhgk; tUfpwJ vd;why;>

mtd; ahh; kPJ Nfhgk;nfhs;fpwhNdh mtd; jg;G
nra;jpUf;fpwhd; vd;W nghUs;.
ngUk;ghYk; tho;f;if Ntjhsk; kPz;Lk; KUq;if

kuj; j py; VwpaJ vd; w tifapy; j hd; ,Uf; F k; .
tpf;fpukhjpj;jd; risf;fhjJ Nghy; ehKk;
risf;ff;$lhJ.
ebg;G md;ghfp tpl KbahJ. ebg;gJ tho;fi ; fapy;iy.

ebg;gJ jhd; tho;fi
; f vd;w nfhs;ifapy; ,Ug;gth;fs;
ekf;Fj; Njitapy;iy.
cw;wtDf;Nf xd;wpy; mf;fiw ,y;iynad;why; kw;wtd;

mjpy; mf;fiw nfhs;s Ntz;ba Njitapy;iy.
jd; i dj; jhNd kfpo; T ld; itj; J f; nfhs; s j;

njhpahjtd; Vkhsp.
jFe;j fhuzkpd;wp rf kdpjid kjpf;fhjtd; kdpjNd

,y;iy.
fOij Kd;dhy; Nghdhy; fbf;Fk; gpd;dhy; Nghdhy;

cijf;Fk; vd;ghh;fs;. ahuhtJ ,e;jf; fOijiag; Nghy;
Kd;Df;Fg; Nghdhy; fbg;gJk; gpd;Df;Fg; Nghdhy;
cijg;gJkhf ,Ue;jhy; mth; kdpjhpy; Nrh;j;jpapy;iy.
Fw;wk; ghh;ff
; pd; Rw;wk; ,y;iy vd;gJ rhpjhd;. mjw;fhf
vg;nghOJNk Fw;wk; nra;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; Rw;wk;
Njitapy;iy.
vjw;fhtJ xd;Wkpy;yhky; Nghd cwit GJg;gpj;Jf;

nfhz;bUf;fhNj.
,Wjptiu mt;tg;nghOJ ek; tPuj;ij Nrhjpj;Jg;

ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
KbntLf;f Kbahj tptfhuq;fis fhyj;jpd; jPh;g;Gf;F

tpl;Ltpl Ntz;Lk;.
kdpjd; vg; n ghOJ Neh; i kahsdhf ,y; i yNah
mg;nghONj mtd; jho;e;jtdhfp tpl;lhd;.
tPlhf ,Ue;jhYk; ehlhf ,Ue;jhYk; gpur;rpid vJthf

,Ue;jhYk; mJ Raeythjpfshy; cUthf;fg;gLtJ jhd;.
vjw;FNk kdk; kfpotpy;iy vd;why; eP Qhdpahfp tpl;lha;

vd;W nghUs;.
rp. fhkuh[; 129
cdJ Njitfs; vt;tsNth ,Uf;Fk;. mjw;nfy;yhk;

gpwh; <L nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W eP vjph;ghh;f;ff;$lhJ.
mg;gb vjph;ghh;j;jhy; eP xU Kl;lhs;.
xUth; vt;tsT md;Gf;Fhpatuhf ,Ue;jhYk; ek;kPJ

vjw;fhtJ nghwhikg;gLfpwth;fshfTk; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;.
mth;fspd; nghwhik ekf;Ff; nfLjYk; nra;fpwJ.
Mdhy;> mth;fs; nfLjy; nra;tjpy;iy.
,dptUk; fhyq;fspy; cwT vd;gJ khkd; kr;rhNdhL

epd;W tpLk;. mjw;FNky; NghfhJ. me;j khkd; kr;rhDk;
ek;gpf;iff;F chpath;fshf ,Ug;ghh;fsh vd;gJ re;Njfk;.
tho;f;ifapy; Xustpw;F ed;whf ,Ug;gtd;> jhd;

gzj;jpw;F rpukg;gLtjhfr; nrhd;dhy; ,e;j cyfk; mij
ek;ghJ. mtd; cz;ikapNyNa gzj;jpw;F rpukg;gLfpwhd;
vd;W njhpe;jhy; ,e;j cyfk; mtid kjpf;fhJ.
vtndhUtd; vjw;FNk Mirg;glhjtdhf ,Uf;fpwhNdh

mtNd Qhdp. gpwh; Qhdp vd;W jd;idr; nrhy;ypf;
nfhs;Sk; rhjhuz kdpjh;fNs. gpwuhy; mth;fs; Qhdp
vd;W nrhy;yg;gl;lhYk; mth;fs; rhjhuzkhdth;fNs.
flYf;Fs; ,uT Neuj;jpy; glfpy; nrd;W kPd; gpbj;J

te;J jd; FLk;gj;ijf; fhg;ghw;Wk; fiuah; ,dj;J
kf;fSf;F Kd; ehk; vk;khj;jpuk;? tho;fi
; fapd; ,ufrpak;
mth;fspd; tho;fi; fapy; mlq;fpg; Ngha;tpl;lJ. mth;fs;
rKj;jpuuh[dpd; jtg;Gjy;th;fs;. mth;fis Vkhw;Wfpwtd;
tho;f;ifapy; tpsq;fkhl;lhd;.
kdjpy; mikjp Ntz;Lk;. clk;gpy; tY Ntz;Lk;> ifapy;

gzk; Ntz;Lk;> ,J vy;yhk; ,Ue;jhy; mJNt kfpo;thd
tho;f;if.
ekf;F mf;fk; gf;fj;jpy; ,Ug;gtd; ek; kPJ nghwhikg;

gl;lhy; mJ ek;ikg; ghjpg;gJ Nghy;> vq;Nfh ntF
njhiytpy; cs;s xUth; ek;kPJ ngUikg;gl;lhYk;
mJ ek;ikg; ghjpf;Fk;. xl;Lnkhj;jkhf nghwhik
Fzj;ij vy;NyhUk; ntWq;fs;. me;j Fzk; cs;stid
gd;wpapYk; Nftykhf elj;Jq;fs;.
ekf;F Ntz;lhjtd; ek;kPJ nghwhikg;gl;lhy; mJ

ek; i kg; ghjpg; g J Nghy; ekf; F Ntz; b ath;
vg;nghOjhtJ ek;kPJ nghwhikg; gl;lhy; mJTk;
ek;ikg; ghjpf;Fk;.
mehfhPfkhdtid ehfhPfkhdtdhf Mf;fyhk;. Mdhy;

ehfhP f khdtid mehfhP f khdtdhf Mf; F tJ
Kl;lhs;jdk;.
nrd;w jiyKiw ngz;fs; FLk;gj;jhUf;F Mg;gk; Rl;Lf;

nfhLj;jhh;fs;. ,e;jj; jiyKiw ngz;fSf;F Mg;gk;
Rl njhpAk; vd;whYk; Neuk; ,Uf;fhJ. tUk; jiyKiw
ngz;fSf;F Mg;gk; Rlj; njhpahJ. mjw;fLj;J tUk;
jiyKiw ngz;fSf;F Mg;gk; vd;why; vd;dntd;Nw
njhpahJ. xU jiyKiwf;F ,d;ndhU jiyKiw
,g; g bj; Nja; e ; J nfhz; N l NghfpwJ> njhpe; J
nfhs;Sq;fs;.
rp. fhkuh[; 131
cd;id kdpjdhf kjpf;fpwtd; vt;tsT fPohd epiyapy;

,Ue;jhYk; mtd; cah;e;jtd;. cd;id kdpjdhf
kjpf;fhjtd; vt;tsT cah;e;j epiyapy; ,Ue;jhYk;
mtd; jho;e;jtd;.
MW Neh;NfhL Nghy; Neuhf XlhJ. tise;J nespe;J

NfhzYk; khzYkhfj;jhd; XLk;. mg;gbj;jhd; kdpj
tho;f;ifAk;. mJ tw;whj [Ptejp Nghy; tsikahf
,Ue;jhy; NghJkhdJ.
,iwtdhYk;> ,aw;ifapdhYk; jhd; kdpjDf;F ePbj;j

kfpo;rr
; p tho;fi
; fapy; fpilf;Fk;. ngUk;ghYk; kdpjDf;F
kdpjdhy; fpilf; f hJ. mg; g bf; fpilj; j hy; mJ
jw;fhypfkhdjhf ,Uf;Fk;.
thiaj; jpwe;jhNy ngha;ahfg; NgRk; Ml;fsplk;

vg;nghOjhtJ ehKk; ngha; Ngr Ntz;bapUf;Fk;. mjpy;
jtwpy;iy. jw;fhg;Gf;F mJ Njitg;gLk;.
rk; g pujhaq; f s; vd; w ngahpy; vd; n dd; d Nkh

rlq;Ffisnay;yhk; kdpjd; nra;fpwhd;. mtd; ve;jr;
rlq;F nra;jhYk; mjpy; njhlh;Gilath;fSf;F kdj;jpy;
kfpo;rr; p Ntz;Lk;. mJ ,y;yhj NghJ me;jr; rlq;FfNs
Njitapy;iy.
,kakiy Neuhf Ntfkhf te;J cd;kPJ Nkhjpdhy;

mJ nehWq; f Ntz; L k; . tho; f ; i fapy; Nghuhl; l
fhyq;fspy; me;j mstpw;F eP cWjpahdtdhf ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
Mirf;Fk; ghrj;jpw;Fk; mbikg;gl;L tho;f;ifapy;

mtjpg;gLtJ ngz;fspd; ,aw;if Fzk;.
xUtd; nghUis NtnwhUtd; nghUSf;FilatDf;F

njhpahJ vLj;Jf; nfhs;tJ jpUl;L. njhpe;Nj vLj;Jf;
nfhs;tJ mgfhpg;G> njhpe;Nj gyhj;fhuk; nra;J vLj;Jf;
nfhs;tJ nfhs;is. ekJ nghUis ,d;ndhUtd;
ve;j tifapYk; vLj;Jf;nfhs;shJ ghh;j;Jf; nfhs;s
tpopg;Gj;jd;ik> Gj;jprhypj;jdk;> tPuk; vy;yhk; ekf;F
Ntz;Lk;.
ngUk;ghyhd kdpjh;fs; kfpo;Tld; tho;tJ vg;gb vd;W

njhpahj kdpjh;fNs.
epiwa ngha; NgR. Mdhy; vd;dplk; kl;Lk; NgrhNj

vd;W ek; ngz;L gps;isfSf;F nrhy;ypf; nfhLf;Fk;
mstpw;F ,e;j cyfk; khwp tUfpwJ.
tho;f;if KOJk; my;th rhg;gpl;lJNghy; ,Uf;fhJ.

,ilapilNa fLf;fha; rhg;gpl;lJ NghYk; ,Uf;Fk;.
jpUkzk; ey;y jk;gjpfSf;F nrhh;f;fj;jpYk; ey;y

jk;gjpfs; my;yhjth;fSf;F eufj;jpYk; epr;rapf;fg;
gLfpwJ.
vt;tg;nghOJ ve;j Ntiyiar; nra;aj; Njhd;WfpwNjh

mg;nghOJ me;j Ntiyiar; nra;J nfhz;L Nghfyhk;.
rh]; j ; j puq; f s; ghh; f ; f Ntz; b ajpy; i y. Mdhy; >
rp. fhkuh[; 133
tho;f;ifapy; kpf Kf;fpakhd Ntiyfisr; nra;a

Muk;gpf;Fk;nghOJ rh];jpuq;fisg; ghh;j;Jj;jhd; Mf
Ntz;Lk;.
vtndhUtd; thapypUe;J vjw;nfLj;jhYk; ngha;

tUfpwNjh mtd; tho;f;ifapy; tpsq;f khl;lhd;.
ekJ tho;fi; fapy; ekf;Fj; jpUg;jp Ntz;Lk;. gpwh; ahUk;

jpUg;jpia ekf;Fs; jpzpf;f KbahJ.
ek; tho;f;ifapy; ehk; milAk; ew;gyd;fs; ,uz;L

fhuzq;fshy; mikfpwJ. xd;W Kw;gpwtpfspy; ehNk
nra;j ew;nray;fshYk;> ,d;ndhd;W ek; Kd;Ndhh;fs;
nra;j ew;nray;fshYk; mikfpwJ. ehNk Kw;gpwtpfspy;
nra;j ew;nray;fshy; ehk; milAk; gyd;fs; G+h;t
Gz;zpag; gyd;fs; vd;Wk; ek; Kd;Ndhh;fs; nra;j
ew;nray;fshy; ehk; milAk; gyd;fs; G+h;t ghf;fpag;
gyd;fs; vd;Wk; MfpwJ.
ehk; Gj;jprhypahf ,y;iynad;why; ghjfkpy;iy. Mdhy;

Kl;lhshf ,Uf;ff;$lhJ.
tho; f ; i fapy; Kd; N dwhJ NghdhYk; ,Uf; F k;

epiyapypUe;J fPNohuha; NghfhJ ,Ue;jhNy NghJk;.
xU egh; kPJ VjhtJ Fiw nrhy;y Ntz;Lkhdhy;

mth; kPJ Fiw nrhy;y Kjypy; ekf;Fj; jFjp ,Uf;fpwjh
vd;W vz;zpg; ghh;ff
; Ntz;Lk;. ekf;Fj; jFjp ,Ue;jhy;
mth;kPJ Fiwnrhy;yyhk;. ,y;iynad;why; nrhy;yf;
$lhJ.
ekf;nfd;W rpy ,ufrpaq;fs; ,Uf;Fk;. mit ekf;Fk;

,iwtDf;Fk; kl;Lk; njhpa Ntz;bait. gpwUf;F
njhpaf; $lhJ. mitfis kdk; tpl;L ahhplKk;
nrhy;yf;$lhJ. Mapuk;> gjpdhapuk;> yl;rk;> Nfhb
G+l;Lfisg; Nghl;L mitfisg; G+l;b itj;Jf; nfhs;s
Ntz;Lk;. mitjhd; ek;NkhL tho;e;J ek;NkhL mope;J
NghFk; ,ufrpaq;fs;. me;j ,ufrpaq;fs; kdjpw;F
kfpo;r;rpaspf;ff;$ba ,ufrpaq;fshf ,Ue;jhy; mth;
ghf;fparhyp.
tho;f;ifapd; xU fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; rpy tpraq;fisg;

gw;wpg; Ngr ekf;F MNs fpilf;fkhl;lhh;fs;. ekf;F
ehNk Ngrpf; nfhs;tijj; jtpu NtW top ,Uf;fhJ.
mg;nghOJ ,e;j cyfNk ekf;F igj;jpaf;fhug;gl;lk;
fl;btpLk;.
Mz;gps;is Ntz;Lnkd;W gj;J ngz; gps;isfisg;

ngw;nwLf;Fk; jk;gjpfSk;> ngz;gps;is Ntz;Lnkd;W
gj;J Mz;gps;isfisg; ngw;nwLf;Fk; jk;gjpfSk;
Kl;lhs; jk;gjpfs;.
ahuhtJ ehd; Kl;lhshfj;jhd; ,Ug;Ngd;> ,J rj;jpak;

vd;w tifapy; tho;f;ifapy; ele;J nfhz;lhy; ehk;
xd;Wk; nrhy;tjw;fpy;iy.
ehk; vthplkpUe;Jk; md;G cs;gl vijANk vjph;ghh;ff

; hJ
,Ue;jhy; ekf;F tho;fi
; fapy; Vkhw;wk; vd;gJ ,Uf;fhJ.
rp. fhkuh[; 135
kdpjd; xOf; f khf tho; e ; j hy; ve; j Mr; r huKk;

Njitapy;iy.
ehk; Kd;Ndwpdhy; mijf; fz;L nghwhikg;gLfpwth;

cwTk;> rpukk; mile;jhy; mijf; fz;L Mde;jg;gLgth;
cwTk; ekf;F vg;NghJNk Njitapy;iy.
xUtDf;F ,d;ndhUtdpd; nghwhikf;F ,izahd

Jd;gk; nfhLf;ff; $baJ Ntnwhd;Wkpy;iy.
nel;ilNah Fl;ilNah vijAk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;fpwth;fSf;F

tho;f;ifapy; vy;yhk; fpilf;Fk;. vy;yhtw;iwAk; cw;W
cw;Wg; ghh;f;fpwtDf;F xd;Wk; fpilf;fhJ.
Kd;ndhU fhyj;jpy; ekf;Fg; NgUjtp nra;j xUtUf;Fg;

gpd;ndhU ehspy; mtUf;Fj; Njitg;gLk; nghOJ ve;j
cjtpAk; nra;a Kbahj epiyapy; ehk; ,Ue;jhy;
mijtpl kdj; j pw; F Jd; g k; tpistpf; f f; $baJ
Ntnwhd;Wkpy;iy.
VjhtJ czT jhdpaj;ij ry;yilapy; Nghl;L rypj;jhy;

ry;yilapy; kpQ;RtJ Fg;ig $okhfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;.
mNj Nghy; jhd; cwTfSk;. cwTfis kdjpy; Nghl;L
rypj;jhy; kpQ;RtJ kdNtjidahfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk;. ve;j
cwthtJ kfpo;r;rpia mspj;jhy; me;j cwit tpl;L
tplhNj.
cwTfs; rpy Neuq;fspy; frf;Fk;. gpwF ney;ypf;fhia

rhg; g pl; L tpl; L jz; z P h ; Fbj; j hy; ,dpf; F ky; y th
mJNghy; ,dpf;Fk;. mJjhd; cwT.
ehk; ey;yJ nra;jhy; mjw;Ff;$l ek;kPJ

rhgkpLfpwth;fSk; cz;L.
kdpjDf;F GjpJ Gjpjhf gpur;rpidfs; tUk;. mjdhy;

gioa gpur;ridfs; mKq;fpg; NghFk;.
Gj;jprhyp vg;nghOJNk Gj;jprhypahf ,Ug;gjpy;iy.

vg;nghOjhtJ Kl;lhshfTk; ,Ug;ghd;.
Fw;wk; nra;jhYk; xU Kl;lhis kd;dpf;fyhk;.
jh;kk; rpy Neuq;fspy; nfhûkhf ele;J nfhs;Sk;.

mf;fpukq;fs; nra;jhtJ jd; flikiar; nra;Ak;.
mg;NghJ mJ mf;fpukjh;kk; vd;W ghpzhkk; vLf;fpwJ.
mg;gOf;fpy;yhj KjpNahh; vy;yhUk; jh;k Njtijf;Fr;

rkk;.
Mz;ltd; nrhh;f;fk;> eufk; ,uz;ilANk ngz;fsplk;

itj;jpUf;fpwhd;.
xUtDf; F ,uj; j f; nfhjpg; G tUfpwnjd; w hy; >

kdf;ftiy tUfpwnjd;why;> mjw;Fg; ngUk;ghYk;
tP l ; b Ys; s ngz; L gps; i sfs; j hd; fhuzkhf
,Ug;ghh;fs;.
rp. fhkuh[; 137
Nahfk; vd; W xd; W ,y; y hky; ve; j kdpjdhYk;

tho;f;ifapy; Kd;Ndw KbahJ.
ekf;Fj; njhpahj xUtd; ek;kPJ gLk; nghwhikia

tpl ekf;Fj; njhpe;j xUtd; ek;kPJ gLk; nghwhik
mjpfj; jPikia ekf;F tpistpf;Fk;.
tho;fi; fapy; Mlk;guj;ij Kw;wpYk; xopj;J tpl Ntz;Lk;.

fhuzk;> Mlk;guj;jpd; %yk; ekf;Ff; fpilf;fg;NghtJ
vjphpfs;jhd;.
tho;f;ifapy; yhgj;ijNah my;yJ el;lj;ijNah gw;wp

ftiyg;glhjtd; xd;W khtPud; my;yJ Qhdp.
fw;Nwhh;f;F nrd;w ,lnky;yhk; rpwg;G vd;w rKjha

epiy khwp> gzk; gilj;NjhUf;F nrd;w ,lnky;yhk;
rpwg;G vd;W Mfptpl;lJ. me;j mstpw;F rKjhak;
khwpapUf;fpwJ.
,ay;gpy; Raeythjpahf ,y;yhj xUtid

Raeythjpahf Mf;FtJ ngUk;ghYk; ngz;fNs.
Ie;jwpT cs;s caphpdq;fshd ML> khLfs; $l jd;

Fl;bf;Fg; ghy; nfhLf;fpwJ. vdNt> MwwpT gilj;j
kdpjg; ngz; jd; gps;isf;Fg; ghy; nfhLg;gjpy; xd;Wk;
tpag; g py; i y. vJ tpag; g py; Mo; j ; J fpwJ vd; w hy;
kpUfq;fis tpl cah;thd rpy ngz;fs; jd; gps;is
gpwe;jTlNd $l J}f;fp Fg;igj; njhl;bapy; Nghl;Lr;

nry;tJjhd; tpag;gspf;fpwJ. mg;gb vjw;fhf me;jg;
gps;isiag; ngw Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ MwwpT gilj;j
kdpjg; gpwtpia tpl Ie;jwpT> ehd;fwpT gilj;j gpw
gpwtpfs;jhd; cz;ikapy; cah;e;j gpwtpfs;.
tajpy; nghpath;fs; xU rpWtd;> rpWkpaplk; $l

vjw;fhtJ Nahrid Nfl;fyhk;. mjpy; jtwpy;iy. rpy
Neuq;fspy; mr;rpwhh;fs; $l mw;Gjkhd Nahrid
nrhy;thh;fs;. Mdhy;> rpwhh;fs; Kf;fpakhd fhhpaq;fspy;
nghpath;fspd; Nahridiaf; Nfl;gJ kpfTk; mtrpak;.
ekf;F Neuk; rhpapy;iy vd;why; tPjpapy; NghFk;

gd;wpf;Fl;b $l ek;ikg; ghh;j;J Nfyp nra;Ak;. ek;
Neuk; rhpahFk; tiu ehk; nghWikahfj;jhd; ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
kdrhl;rpf;F cl;gl;l ngha; rj;jpak; nra;a Ntz;ba

fl;lhak; Vw;gl;lhy; mijr; nra;ayhk;. mjpy; jtwpy;iy.
iey;ejp cyfj;jpy; cs;s ejpfspy; kpfTk; ePskhdJ.
nkhj;jk; 4500 iky;fSf;Fk; Nky; ePskhdJ. ek; tho;f
; i
; f
mijtpl ePskhdJ. ,e;j cyf tho;f;iff;Fg; gpd;Gk;
NtWyf tho;f;if ekf;F cz;L. Afk; Afkhf ehk;
tho;e;J nfhz;Nl ,Ug;Nghk;.
kWgpwtp vd;gJ Ntnwhd;Wkpy;iy. ,e;jg; gpwtpapd;

ePl;rpjhd; kWgpwtp. ,g;gpwtpapd; tpidg; gaidAk;>
rp. fhkuh[; 139
epiwNtwhj MirfisAk; mDgtpf;Fk; fhyk; jhd;

kWgpwtp.
vy;yhf; Foe;ijfisAk; nfhQ;RtjpYk;> mlq;fhj

nghpath;fisj; jpl;LtjpYk; cs;s kfpo;rr
; p NtW vjpYk;
,y;iy.
ekf; F tUfpw ntl; b Ntiyfs; ngUk; g hYk;

njhpe;jth;fsplkpUe;Jjhd; tUk;.
vq;fhtJ nrd;W te;jgpd; Vd;lh me;j ,lj;jpw;Fr;

nrd;Nwhk; vd;W kdk; vz;zpdhy; gpwF me;j ,lj;jpw;Fr;
nry;yNt $lhJ.
xUth; jdf;Fj; njhpe;j xd;iw ,d;ndhUthplk; gfph;eJ;

nfhs;syhk;. me;j ,d;ndhUth; Mzhf ,Ue;jhYk;
rhpjhd;> ngz;zhf ,Ue;jhYk; rhpjhd;. mjpy; jtwpy;iy.
ghJfhg; g hd tho; f ; i f kpfkpfj; Njit. mjw; F g;

gpwFjhd; kw;wit vy;yhk;.
ehk; xUthplj;jpy; fhl;Lk; md;G nghpjpy;iy. me;j md;G

mtUf;F tho;tpy; ey;top fhl;lf; $bajhf ,Uf;f
Ntz;Lk;. %lj;jkhd md;G vjw;Fk; cjthJ.
kdpj ehfhpfk; vt;tsT goikahdNjh mt;tsT

goikahdJ ifA+l;L (yQ;rk;). mij xopg;gJ vd;gJ
fpl;lj;jl;l Kbahj xU Ntiy.
nja;t topghL $l rpf;fdkhfj; jhd; nra;a Ntz;Lk;.

,iwtopghL kdpjd; mikjpahf ,Ug;gjw;Fz;lhd
topKiwfspy; xd; W . mj; J ld; Mj; k jpUg; j pAk;
fpilf;Fk;.
vijAk; xopj;J itj;jhy; rpy ehl;fspy; mJ kwe;J

NghFk;. vdNt vijAk; xopj;J itf;fhjPh;fs;.
rpy ngz;fs; ,Uf;fpwhh;fs;. mth;fis ngz;fs; vd;W

Qhgfg;gLj;jpf; nfhz;Nl ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
,y;iynad;why; mth;fs; Mz;fshf khwptpLthh;fs;.
ngUk;ghyhd Mz;fs; Xl;lhz;b Mtjw;F fhuzNk

ngz;fs;jhd;.
gpwh; ahuhf ,Ue; j hYk; ek; tho; t py; tpisahl

rpwpjsNtDk; mDkjpf;ff;$lhJ.
ngUk; g hyhd kdpjh; f s; Vkhsp Nghy; ebf; F k;

nfl;bf;fhuh;fs; jhd;.
cz;ikahd md;igAk; ghrj;ijAk; NtW vJthYk;

nty;y KbahJ.
cz;ikapy; ngz;fis tpl Mz;fNs nghWikrhypfs;.

rp. fhkuh[; 141
,d; g czh; T fs; kdpjid tho itf; F k; . Jd; g

czh;Tfs; rhfbf;Fk;.
jd;idg; gw;wpa jho;T kdg;ghd;ikAk; RaNkd;ikg;

Nghf;Fk; xUtdpd; tho;itf; nfLj;JtpLk;. jd;id
mjpGj; j prhyp vd; W epidj; J f; nfhz; b Ug; g td;
mbKl;lhs;.
ngUk;ghyhd Mz;fspd; cs;sk; kpf kpf nkd;ikahdJ.

mijf; fuLKulhf Mf;FtNj ngz;fs;jhd;.
tpiuar; nryT vd;gNj ,y;yhJ tho;f;ifapy; ve;j

kdpjdhYk; tho KbahJ.
ngUk;ghYk; Mz;fs; ngz;fshy; jhd; Fbfhuh;fs;

Mfpwhh;fs;.
kNdhjh;kk; nghJjh;kj;jpw;F cl;gl;bUe;jhy; ey;yJ.

KbahJ Nghdhy; ghjfkpy;iy.
kfpo;r;rp vd;why; vd;d vd;W njhpe;jhy;jhd; kfpo;Tld;

tho KbAk;.
Raeyk; vd;w fz;Nzhl;lj;jpy; ghh;fF

; k; nghOJ ahUNk
kf;F ,y;iy. vy;NyhUk; nfl;bf;fhuh;fs;jhd;.
kdpjd; filrpfhyj;jpy; gf;Ftkhf ele;J nfhs;s

Ntz;Lk;. ,y;iynad;why; ,e;j cyfk; ek;ik mdhijg;
gpzkhf tpl;LtpLk;. Mdhy;> mjpy; xd;Wk; jtwpy;iy.
ekJ clk;G ehd;F eha;fSf;fhtJ czthfg; NghFk;
,y;iyah? mJNt xU jh;kk;jhd;.
nrhh;f;fk; NtW vq;FNk ,y;iy. ,e;jg; G+kpapy; jhd;

,Uf;fpwJ. mij czuhjth;fs; NtW vq;Nfh ,Uf;fpwJ
vd;ghh;fs;.
ey;ytdhf ,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy; kpfTk; ey;ytdhf

,Uf;ff;$lhJ. nfl;ltdhf ,Uf;ff; $lhJ. kpfTk;
nfl;ltdhf ,Uf;fNt $lhJ.
jj;Jtq;fs; vj;jidNah. xU Fwpg;gpl;l jj;Jtk; xU

jdp kdpjDf;F xj;Jtuhky; Nghfyhk;. mg;gbg;gl;l
$o; e piyapy; me; j jdpkdpjd; jdf; N f cz; l hd
jj;Jtg;gb ele;J nfhs;syhk;. mjpy; jtwpy;iy.
ngUk;ghYk; ngz;fs; vijAk; jhkjkpd;wp tpiutpy;

mila tpUk;Gfpwhh;fs;. mth;fSf;Fj; jhkjk; Vw;gl;lhy;
nghWik ,Ug;gjpy;iy. ve;j cwthf ,Ue;jhYk; mJ
Ntjid juf;$ba cwthf ,Ue;jhy;> me;j cwT
ekf;Fj; NjitNa ,y;iy. MdhYk;> ehk; mWj;Jf;
nfhz;lhYk; cwT vd;gJ ,Ue;J nfhz;bUf;Fk;.
rp. fhkuh[; 143
MZf;Nfh ngz;zpw;Nfh ahuhf ,Ue;jhYk; vjph;ghypy;

Jiz vd;W xUth; Ntz;Lk;. me;jj; Jiz ey;y
Jizahf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
ek; kdj;jpy; Mir vd;gJ te;Jtpl;lhy; ghrk; vd;gJ

mq;F ,y;yhky; Ngha;tpLk;.
fhyNjtd; vd;W xUth; ,Uf;fpwhh;. ek; tho;tpy; elg;gJ

vy;yhNk mthpd; tpUg;gg;gb jhd; elf;Fk;. mthpd;
tpUg;gj;jpw;F khwhf NtW vJTNk elf;fhJ. ,J
rj;jpak;.
igj;jpaj;jpw;F igj;jpak; gpbj;jhy; igj;jpak; njspe;J

tpLk;.
vg;gb Gj;jprhypf;F %is vg;gbnay;yhNkh Ntiy

nra; A Nkh mJNghy; Kl; l hSf; F k; %is vg; g b
vg;gbnay;yhNkh Ntiy nra;Ak;.
nfhz;L te;jhy; jha;> nfhz;L te;jhYk; nfhz;L

tuhtpl;lhYk; je;ij> rPh; Nfl;ghs; rNfhjhp> nfhiyAk;
nra;ths; gj;jpdp> caph; fhg;ghd; Njhod; ,Jjhd; etPd
J}f;Fj; J}f;fp jj;Jtk;.
kdpj tho;f;if ehw tho;f;if. ,e;j ehw;wnkLj;j

thof;if tho;tjw;fhf kdpjid ,iwtd;
gilj;jpUf;fNt Njitapy;iy.
kdpjd; kdpjdhf tho Ntz;Lk; vd;gJjhd; vy;yh

mwpQh;fspd; mwpTiu. mJ rhpah? kdpjdpd; kdNk
,iwtdhf ,Uf;Fk; nghOJ mtd; Vd; jd; kdk;
Nghy; ele;J nfhs;sf;$lhJ. ,jw;Fg; gjpy;> kdpjd;
jd; kdk; N ghy; ele; J nfhs; s yhk; vd; g Jjhd; .
tho;f;ifia cs;sJ cs;sgb ehk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;s
Ntz;Lk;. ,y;iynad;why; ek;khy; tho KbahJ. ,J
rj;jpak;.
tho;f;ifapy; kfpo;Tld; thoj; njhpe;jtdhy;jhd;

kfpo;Tld; tho KbAk;. kw;wtdhy; KbahJ. ,d;g
czh;Tfs; kdpjid kfpo;Tld; itj;jpUf;fpwJ.
ghtj;ij Nehf;fp kdk; nry;Yk; nghOJ mjw;F vd;d

tpNkhr;rdk;? ,iwAzh;th> jhh;kPf czh;th> ,y;iy
Ra jh;kkh vd;W Nfl;lhy;> re;Njfj;jpw;F ,lkpy;yhky;
Ra jh;kk;jhd;.
ek; jiynaOj;ij ehk;jhd; nehe;Jnfhs;s KbAk;.

NtW ahUk; nehe;J nfhs;s KbahJ.
xUtd; nra;Ak; jtW ,d;ndhUtdhy; vr;rhpf;fg; gLk;

tiu kd; d pf; f j; j Fe; j it. vr; r hpf; f g; g l; l gpd; G k;
nra;ag;gLk; jtWfs; kd;dpf;fj; jFe;jit ,y;iy.
tho;f;ifapy; elf;Fk; epfo;Tfs; vy;yhk; ehk; jpUk;g

ngw Kbahjit. mg; g b jpUk; g g; ngw Kbahj
epfo;Tfisg; gw;wp ehk; JspAk; ftiyg;glf;$lhJ.
rp. fhkuh[; 145
xU gjtpf;F cz;lhd jFjpfis xUtd;

,of;Fk;nghOJ my;yJ ,oe;J nfhz;bUf;Fk;nghOJ
me;jg; gjtpf;Fz;lhd chpikia> mjpfhuj;ij mtdhy;
nray;gLj;j KbahJ.
cj;jkkhf tho;gtDf;F ,iwtd; jz;lid nfhLj;jhy;

mijtpl mePjp NtW vJTk; ,y;iy. ,iwtNd fjp
vd; W ,Ug; g th; f Sf; F f; $l ,iwtd; jz; l id
nfhLg;ghd; vd;why; mjpy; epahak; ,y;iy.
kdpjDf;F Kjypy; Ntz;baJ nghWikAk; mikjpAk;

jhd;. kfpo;r;rp $l mjw;F mLj;jgb jhd;.
kdpjdpd; ,aw;iff; FzNk ,d;ndhU kdpjid

MSik nra; a Kay; t Jjhd; . Gj; j papy; y hjtd;
mbikahfpwhd;. tpjpAk; mjw;F cjTk;.
tho;f;ifapy; jdp kdpjd; kfpo;Tld; ,Ug;gNj xU

jdpf;fiy. ,ij xt;nthU kdpjDk; njhpe;jpUf;f
Ntz;Lk;.
jk;gp> tpjp tpjp jhd;. kjp kjp jhd;. tpjpia kpQ;r

kjpahy; KbahJ. tpjp ,iwtdhy; jPhk ; hdpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
mjdhy; j hd; ,]; y hkpa kf; f s; vy; y hg; GfOk;
,iwtDf;Nf vd;W xNu thpapy; nrhy;yp tpl;lhh;fs;.
Ghpe;J nfhs;.
jj;Jtk; jj;Jtkhf VNjh xU Gj;jfj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;.

mJ cz;ik. eilKiwapy; ,y;yhtpl;lhYk; mJ ngha;
,y;iy. jj;Jtq;fs; cz;ikjhd;. Mdhy; eilKiw
tho;f;ifapy; vy;yh jj;Jtq;fisAk; nray;gLj;jpf;
nfhz;bUf;f KbahJ. mNj Neuj;jpy; vg;nghOjhtJ
,e;jj; jj;Jtq;fis ehk; gad;gLj;jpNdhk; vd;why;
mit ekf;F ntw;wpiaf; nfhLf;Fk;. fhuzk; mit
cz;ik> ngha; ,y;iy vd;gjhy;.
vd;id ahUk; ek;ghjPh;fs; vd;W ehk; Neh;ikahfr;

nrhd;dhYk; nrhy;yhtpl;lhYk; ek;ik ahUk; ek;gpf;
nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy vd;gJjhd; cz;ik.
ekf;F vj;jid taJ MdhYk; rpWth;fisg; Nghy;

kdepiyapy; nrayhw;wpdhy; ek;ik ftiy ft;tpf;
nfhs;shJ.
kdpjid kpUfkhf Mf;FtNj rf kdpjh;fs; jhd;.

,y;iynad;why; kdpjd; kdpjdhfNt ,Ug;ghd;.
xU cz;ikahd ez;gdplk; ek;ikg; gw;wpa ve;j tptuk;

Ntz;LkhdhYk; nrhy;yyhk;. NtW ahhplKk; vy;yhKk;
nrhy;yf; $lhJ. mJ ey;yjpy;iy.
vg;nghOjhtJ nja;tj;ij epidg;gJk;> Mo;kdj;jpy;

nja;tj;ij epidg;gJk;> vg;nghOJNk nja;tj;ij
epidj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;gJk; ntt;NtW.
rp. fhkuh[; 147
vtndhUtd; ghtq;fs; mjpfk; nra;atpy;iyNah mtd;

,iwtd; itf;Fk; Njh;Tfspy; Njh;r;rpailthd;.
ahiuahtJ Nghw;Wk; nghOJ Nghw;wp nfhz;L> J}w;Wk;

nghOJ J}w;wpf; nfhz;bUe;jhy; mth;fs; ek;kplk;
xOq;fhf ,Ug;ghh;fs;.
,iwtid chpikNahL xU gf; j d; Nghw; w Tk;

nra;ayhk;> J}w;wTk; nra;ayhk;. ehNk VjhtJ xU
ghtk; nra;Jtpl;lhy;> Vdg;gh vd;id ,e;jg; ghtk;
nra;a itj;jha; vd;W mtiu kdk; tUe;jpf; Nfl;fTk;
nra;ayhk;.
ebg;G cwthf KbahJ. cwT ebg;ghFk; nghOJ mJ

,y;yhky; NghFk;.
ahuhtJ kpfg;nghpa Gj;jprhyp Nghy; cd;dplk; Ngrpdhy;

eP xU tpQ;Qhdp Nghy; NgR. mth; tpQ;Qhdp Nghy;
Ngrpdhy; eP Qhdp Nghy; NgR. gpwh; Qhdp Nghy; Ngrpdhy;
eP ,iwtidg; Nghy; Ngr Ntz;Lk;. Gj;jprhypia tpl
Nkyhdth; tpQ;Qhdp> tpQ;Qhdpia tpl Nkyhdth;
Qhdp> Qhdpia tpl Nkyhdth; ,iwtd;.
Mrphpah; kf;F vd;why; mthplk; fy;tp gapYk; khztDk;

kf;F. mtd; Vfiytdhf ,Ue;J jhdhfj;jhd; vijAk;
fw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.
tpahghhpaplk; tpahghhp Nghy;jhd; Ngr Ntz;Lk;.
ek;kplk; jpBnud;W ahuhtJ tUthh;fs;. Ntiy nra;J

nfhz;bUf;Fk; ek; %is clNd Ntiy nra;ahJ>
epd; W NghFk; . mJjhd; mwpFwp> mth; f s; ey; y
vz;zj;Jld; ek;kplk; tutpy;iy vd;gjw;F.
kNdhjj;Jtk; njhpe;jpUe;J Jzpr;rYk; ,Ue;jhy;jhd;

mLj;jtid Nka;f;f KbAk;.
neUg;igf; Fsph;e;j ePhpYk; mizf;fyhk;> RLePhpYk;

mizf;fyhk;. mJNghy; neUg;ghf ,Uf;Fk; kdpjid
ehk; rhe;jkhf ,Ue;Jk; mlf;fyhk;> #lhf ,Ue;Jk;
mlf;fyhk;. vg;gb vd;gij #o;epiy nrhy;Yk;.
Kiwahd fy;tp mwpT ,y;yhj xUtd; vt;tsT

nry;te;jdhf ,Ue;jhYk; jdf;F Kiwahd fy;tp mwpT
,y;iyNa vd;w Vf;fk; cs;stdhfj;jhd; ,Uf;fpwhd;.
MdhYk; mtdJ mDgt mwpT Kiwahd fy;tp
mwpTs;stdpd; mwpitf; fhl;bYk; NkyhdJk; jf;f
Neuj;jpy; cjtp nra;af;$bajhfTk; ,Uf;fpwJ.
tho;fi; fapy; gpur;ridfs; ngUk;ghYk; gpwiu jtwhfg;

Ghpe;J nfhs;tjpy; cUthtJjhd;.
rp. fhkuh[; 149
6. kdrhe;jp
fhaj;hp ke;jpuq;fs;
(ehNd tlnkhop njhpe;j xU rpNefpjpapd;
cjtpAld; cUthf;fpaJ. mDgtj;jpy;> ,itfis
jpdk; nrhy;yp te;jhy; kdjpw;F mikjp fpilf;fpwJ.
thrfh;fs; gadila ,q;Nf nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ)
Xk;. . . Vfje;jha tpj;kN`. . .

tf;u Jz;lha jPk`P. . .
je;Neh thjhgp fzgjpk; g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . kNdh. . . rhe;jp> rhe;jp> rhe;jp . . .
Xk; jj; GU~ha tpj;kN`. . .

k`h tPh; Nrdha jPk`P. . .
je;Neh rz;Kf g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . rjhrptha tpj;kN`. . .

r`];u mf;~a jPk`P. . .
je;Neh k`hypq;f g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . rhe;j nrh&gha tpj;kN`. . .

gf;j r`ha jPk`P. . .
je;Neh fhkhf;ah g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . rh;t tpahgpd;ia tpj;kN`. . .

ghg ehrpd;ia jPk`P. . .
je;Neh MTil ehafp g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . thAGj;uha tpj;kN`. . .

guhf;uk mDf;fpu`ha jPk`P. . .
je;Neh MQ;rNda g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . rh;tNuhf epthuzha tpj;kN`. . .

Njf MNuhf;a mDf;fpu`ha jPk`P. . .
je;Neh kUe;jP];tNuh g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . <rhd;a %h;j;jp tpj;kN`. . .

Uz Nuhfhjp jhhpj;hpa jPk`P. . .
je;Neh Uz`Nu];tNuh g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . ];tak; g;u`hr tpj;kN`. . .

rh;t uf;~` jPk`P. . .
je;Neh Mjpj;ah g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . kN`];tNuh rpur thrpd;ia tpj;kN`...

G+h;z re;Njh~; mDf;fpu`hia jPk`P. . .
je;Neh re;j;uha g;uNrhjahj;. . .
rp. fhkuh[; 151
Xk;. . . G+kp Gj;uha tpj;kN`. . .

Njt Nrdh jPk`P. . .
je;Neh mq;fhu` g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . Re;ju &Ngd tpj;kN`. . .

rh;t tpj;ah mDf;fpu`ha jPk`P. . .
je;Neh Gjhag; g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . ];th;z Nj`ha tpj;kN`. . .

rh;t kq;fs mDf;fpu`ha jPk`P. . .
je;Neh gpu`];gjp g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . kq;fs &gha tpj;kN`. . .

rfy RfNghfhjpgjp jPk`P. . .
je;Neh Rf;u g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . utp Gj;uha tpj;kN`. . .

MA]; fhu`ha jPk`P. . .
je;Neh rdP];tNuh g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . fhyh ]h;g;guh[ha tpj;kN`. . .

Nghf fhu`ha jPk`P. . .
je;Neh uhF g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . At ]h;g;guh[ha tpj;kN`. . .

Qhd fhu`ha jPk`P. . .
je;Neh NfJ g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . rj; GU~ha tpj;kN`. . .

jh;k rk;th;j;jha jPk`P. . .
je;Neh rpj;uFg;jha g;uNrhjahj;. . .
Xk;. . . . rptha ek . . . .
Xk;. . . . rptha ek . . . .
Xk;. . . . rptha ek . . . .
Xk;. . . . `hp Xk; . . . .
Xk; . . . .`hp Xk; . . . .
Xk; . . . .`hp Xk; . . . .
Rgk;

Tamilians History of Library PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Tamilians History of Library PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

kdNk kdNk -

tpjp> kjp> kdk; Nghd;w kdpjdpd; Ez;zpa

nghUis kl; L Nk Fwpf; N fhshff; nfhz; L

vg;nghONjh nra;jpj;jhs;fspy; thrpj;j nra;jpfs;

me;jg; ngz; ,y;yhjijf; fz;L XbapUf;fpwhh;.

vd;d tpe;ij> uapy; ghijia tpl;L xJq;fp

,d;ndhU epfo;T. mJ ek; jkpo;ehl;by; ele;jJ.

mq;Nf mt;tsT nghpa tpgj;jpypUe;J me;jj;

ehd; Md; k pfthjpapy; i y> Qhdpapy; i y>

vd; rpe;jidf;F vl;ba fUj;Jf;fis ,q;Nf

2. Md;kh> caph;> cly; - 38

3. tpjp> kdk;> kjp - 42

jpNah Nahe: g;uNrhjahj;!!

gs;spfspy;> fy;Y}hpfspy;> gy;fiyf; fofq;fspy;

ehk; tho;tpy; Neh;ikAlDk; epahaj;JlDk; ,Ue;J

vy;yhtw;wpw;Fk; msT vd;W xd;W cz;L. nrhy;yg;

,iwtd; ek; ikf; $g; g pLk; n ghOJjhd; $g; g pl; L f;

kpf mhpjhf ekJ MirAk; ,iwtdpd; MizAk;

xU tptuk; cdf;Fk; ,iwtDf;Fk; kl;Lk; njhpe;jpUe;jhy;

,iwtDf;F kdpjh;fs; ghtq;fs; nra;tJ gpbf;fhJ.

ehk; vijAk; KOjhfg; Ghpe;J nfhs;s KbahJ. vijAk;

kdpjdpd; %is Xa;Tjhd; vLf;FNk jtpu ,utpYk;

Kwpabf;fg;gl Kbahjth;fis vjphpfs; rjpapd; %yk;

ek; tho;ehspy; gy Mz;LfSf;Fg; gpd;dhy; elf;fg;

,iwtd; cjtp nra;ahjnghOJ ftiyg;glhJ ,Uf;f

kd tpuf;jpapy; nja;tf; Fw;wNk nra;jhYk; $l nja;tk;

ngUk;ghYk; Jf;f czh;Tld; ,Uf;Fk;nghOJjhd;

ekf;F ey;yJ xd;W elf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W nja;tj;jplk;

Qhakhf Mirg;gLfpwtid ,iwtd; jz;bg;gjpy;iy.

fz;bg;ghf ,iwtdplj;jpy; ekf;F %d;W czh;Tfs;

,iwtDf;F Ntz;batd;> Ntz;lhjtd; vd;w ghFghL

,iwtd; ekf;F xU ey;y gyidf; nfhLf;Fk; nghOJ

vd;Nwh vOjp itf;fg;gl;l ,iwtdpd; jPhg ; G

eP ,g;gbj;jhd; thoNtz;Lk; vd;w tpjp mikg;G

,e;jg; G+kpf;Nfhsk; Kf;fhy;gq;F ePuhYk; fhy; gq;F

jdf;F tpUg;gk; ,y;iy vd;whYk; vjpYk; tpjpg;gb

,iwtd; ekf; F f; nfhLf; f Ntz; b aij jtwhJ

cdf;Fj; jpUl;Lg;Gj;jp ,y;iynad;why; mjw;fhf jpdk;

ahh;> ahh; vq;nfq;F> vg;gb vg;gb> vt;tsT fhyk;

ehd;F tajpy; Ghpa Ntz;ba xU cz;ik rpyUf;F

nfhs;sNt $lhJ vd;why; cd;id Ghpe;J nfhs;sr;

,iwtid mtuJ ,y;yk; nrd;W eP fhz Ntz;Lnkd;W

ve; N euKk; ,iwtid epidj; J f; nfhz; b Ue; j hy;

vjw;fhtJ vg;nghOjhtJ kdpjh;fs; ek;ik Nfyp

ek; tho;f;ifapy; ngUk;ghYk; xU Kiwjhd; Nahf

xUtd; tho;f;ifapy; Kd;Ndwp ,Uf;fpwhd; vd;why;

xUtd; gpwh; ahuhtJ VjhtJ xUtifapy; Jd;gk;

ehNkh ek; Kd; N dhh; f Nsh vg; n ghOjhtJ ve; j

vy;yh tpahguj;ijAk; Nghy; jpUkzKk; xU tpahghuk;.

tpjp nfl;lhy; kjp nfLk;. kjp nfl;lhy; tpjp nfLk;.

cwf;fj;jpy; ehk; fhZk; fdTfSf;Fk; ek; tho;tpy;

ahUf; F mwpit mjpfk; nfhLf; f pwhNuh mth; f ; F

ePbj;j MASs;s xU FLk;g];jDf;F ,iwtd; mtdJ

,iwtd; ekJ Neh;ikahd nray;fSf;Fj; Jiz

ehk; vt;tsT Nahf;fpakhf tho;ej ; hYk; ed;whf ,Ue;jhy;

ek; epiyik vg;gb ,Ue;jhYk; xUtUf;F ed;wp

tpjpia kjpahy; nty;yyhk;. Mdhy; tpjpia kjp nty;y

mtd; jpUe;jhJ Nghdhy; jz;lidia

cd;Dld; fglkhf cwthLgth;fis eP czuhtpl;lhYk;

rpy Neuq; f spy; ehk; ek; jiytpjpia nehe; J

kdpjid kdpjd; Vkhw;WtJ Nghy; ,iwtDk; kdpjid

,iwtd; vd;whtJ xUehs; mNl fpUf;fd;fsh ehd;

ekJ rpy Mirfis ,iwtd; G+h;jj