30888.

Delineation of Philosophy and the Individual, Empirical Sciences

a. Empirical Sciences: limited, particular
i. Empirical phenomena explained through empirical conditions and causes
b. Philosophy: the totality of all reality: seeks to integrrate, seeks a coherent
account of all areas of inquiry
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmcccxii. Empirical
phenomena explained through non-empirical conditions and causes
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmcccxiii. Premise: The
ultimate condition and cause of Empirical Reality will not be itself
empirical

30889. Defining Philosophy

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System
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Fundamental Science: begins with question of the arche, greek for "principle or cause"
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Universal
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Claim to Truth
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Critical Science

30890. Religion: the other area of inquiry and experience that seeks to account for the ultimate
condition and possibility of all experience
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Scientific Study of Religions: complex multiplicity of religious behavior
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Common definition: provide ultimate
source of meaning
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmccclxxxiv. existen
tial commitment
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmccclxxxv. point
of reference for interpreting all experience
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Faith: latin putare, meaning to believe, and credere, meaning to be convinced
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Grounds or justification of Faith

30891. Relation of Religion and Philosophy

. Both have same function, yet differ in the source or origin
. Philosophy is a science of reason
mmclxxvi. Sole source of knowledge provided through faculty of "human
reason": a rational activity
. Religion qua Theology, is also a science of Reason
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmcdxl. Ultimate origin of
knowledge provided by a source beyond the limits of human
 reason: a metarational activity
. Four options for relating Religion and Philosophy
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmcmlii. Totally unrelated
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmcmliii.Related, with either
claiming supremacy over the other
(1) Religion over Philosophy: St. Paul, Tertullian, Kierkegaard
(2) Philosophy over Religion: Feuerbach, Marx, Freud, Nietzsche
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmcmliv. Holistic: only both
together constitute the truth
(1) Christian Philosophy: Anslem of Canterbury, Hegel
(2) Religion with the limits of Pure Reason: Kant
mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmcmlv. Separate yet
interrelated
(1) Thomas Aquinas
30892. Wisdom of idiots: two sides 47 - expectancy determines what we see: how to over come
this?
. Pre-judices
30893. Two oppositions:
a. faith and reason
b. The holy (union) and anxiety (separation)
c. Faith and reason articulated through defining philosophy and religion
d. Holy and anxiety defined through Otto and Tillich
30894. Dialectic of union and separation : the holy (otto) and anxiety (tillich/existentialist)
. Being - non-being

1) Platonic Philosophy as Theology

a) Socrates: 469-399 BCE
i) Prohibition against writing: central role of memory
b) Plato: 427-347 BCE
i) Reaction to Scepticism and the Sophists
ii) Allegory of the Cave: Shadows of appearance against the light of Truth
(1) The principle of Sympathetic Knwoeldge
(2) distinction between appearance and belief (doxa) and true being and knowledge
(to on)
(3) Essence versus Appearance
(a) Scientific knowledge (episteme), and Thinking (noesis)
(b) Platonic Triangle:
Idea, Form
(eidos)

Recollection Participation
(anamnesis) (methexis)
30895.