KHUTA HA MbPTBUTE
HA OPEBHUTE EPUNTAHU
MpegnaraHoTo npom3BepeHve e eAMH OT Hali-sHauMTenHMTe NaMeTHMLM
Ha CBeTOBHaTa Kyriypa. To oTpa3ABa B U3kmouNTenHa ABNGOUMHa Ha
MMcBIITa M BLOGpaxeHneTo MuTONorMyeckKuTe Mi cuniocodcKuTe
BMOKDAHMA Ha peBHMTe ervnTAHM. "KHMra Ha MbpTBMTe" &
eHUMKnonepNA Ha ApesHoermneTcKMA AYXOBeH %KUBOT. Cunata Ha
o6pasuTe, NoeTM4HaTa paHTa3nA U3qMraT TOBA TBOpeHNe Ha ApeBHaTa
MBbApOCT 40 BLpXoBeTe Ha CBeTOBHaTa XyfoxKecTBeHa NuTepatypa.
CbAbP KAHNE
1 TABA
2 TNABA. 3A JA CE KUBEE CEQ CMbPTTA
3 MNABA. 3A JA CE U3NE3E KbM CBETIUHATA HA MEHA VDA
CE KUBEE CEQ CMbPTTA
4 TNABA. NPEMUHABAHE HA HEBECHMA MbT B PE-CTAY
5 PNABA. 3A DA HE CE PABOTU B OTBBAHOTO.
6 PNABA. MATMYECKMITE OUryPKU
7 TNABA. MAHABAHETO NO PbPBA HA UYQOBULHMA ANON
8 TNABA. NPEMUHABAHE MPE3 AMEHTU
9 TNABA. CNEQ NPEMUHABAHETO MPE3 FPOBA
10 FNABA. 3AKNUHAHME CPEWY BPATOBETE
11 PNABA. 3AKNUHAHMA CPELUWY BPATOBETE
12 [NABA. 3A AA CE BNM3A UV U3nu3A NO BONA
13 [NABA. BIV3AHETO B AMEHTU.
14 TNABA. 3A JA CE 3ANNUU CPAMDbT B CbPLIETO HA
BOrOBETE
15 [NABA. XUMH B MPOCIIABA HA PA
16 [NABA. (Cbabpxka camo BUHeTKa)
17 TNABA. 3A JA CE BIU3A VU U3NU3A OT OTBbAHMA CBAT
18 MNABA. QKpeust ka3Ba:)
19 [TNABA. KOPOHA HA NOBEDA
20 MNABA21 MNABA. 3A DA CU Bb3BbPHE MbPTBUAT BNACTTA HA
YCTATA
22 TMNABA. 3A DA CU Bb3BbPHE MbPTBUAT BNACTTA HA
YCTATA
23 [NABA. OTBAPAHETO HA YCTATA HA MbPTBUA
24 MNABA. 3AKMUHAHME 3A MbPTBUA
25 MNABA. 3A DA CE BbPHE NAMETTA HA MbP TBA
26 MNABA. 3A MA CE Bb3CTAHOBN TANOTO HA MbPTBUA
27 TNABA. 3A DA HE BbGE NOXUTEHO CbPLIETO HA MbPTBUA
28 MNABA. 3A DA HE BE NOXUTEHO CbPLIETO HA MbPTBUA
29 MNABA. 3A DA HE BbQE NOXUTEHO CbPLIETO HA MbPTBUA
30 PNABA. 3A MA HE BbAE CbPLIETO HA MbPTBUA
OTBITIBCHATO
31 [MABA. 3A JA CE MPOTOHAT AYXOBETE C PABA HA
KPOoKOgUN
32 [NABA. 3AKNUHAHMA, 3A JA CE NPOFOHAT AYXOBETE C
TNABA HA KPOKOQMN
33 PNABA. 3A MA CE NPOTOHAT 3NUTE AYXOBE-3MUN
34 [NABA. 3A A CE U3BATHAT YXANBAHUATA HA 3nUTE
QYXOBE-3MUN
35 MNABA. 3A OA HE BbAELW PA3KbCAH OT AYXOBETE-3MUN
36 PMABA. 3A A CE MPOTOHAT 3NUTE AYXOBE
37 PNABA. 3AKNUHAHNATA HA 3A U HEO TIC
38 PMIABA. 3A DA CE KUBEE 4PE3 AVXAHME (Nanmpyc Hy)
38 MABA. (Nanupyc He6ecHu)
39 [NABA. 3A MA CE NPOFOHN 3nuAT Ayx ANONU
40 [MNABA. 3A A CE NPOFOHM 3nuAT YX AM-AAY
41 [NABA. 3A JA CE MPEMAXHAT KIIAHETATA
42 [NABA. 3A A CE MPEMAXHAT KIIAHETATA
43 [NABA. 3A JA HE BbAE OTPASAHA FMABATA HA NOKOUHUA
44 TNABA. 3A TA HE CE YMUPA 3A BTOPU MIbT B OTBBQHOTO
45 [NABA. 3A MA CE Bb3MPE PASMAQAHETO HA TANOTO B
NOQ3EMHNA CBAT
46 [MNABA. 3A A CE 2KUBEE OTHOBO B NOA3EMHMA CBAT
47 [TNABA. 3A DA HE BbE OTHET TPOHbT HA MbPTBUA
48 [NABA. (Nostopenve Ha 10 rnaBa)
49 TNABA. (Nostopenve Ha 11 rnaBa)
50 PABA. 3A DA HE CE TbPMM HAKASAHMETO (Manmpyc Hy)
51 MNABA. (Bapwauna Ha 52 rnaBa)
52 MNABA. 3AKNUHAHME NPOTMB HEMMCTOTUMTE53 MNABA. APYTO 3AKNUHAHME NPOTUB HEWNCTOTUMTE
54 MNABA. 3A MA CE QUWA Bb3AYXbT B OTBbAHNA CBAT
55 MABA. 3A MA CE QUWA Bb3AYXbT B OTBbAHNA CBAT
56 MABA. 3A MA CE QUWA Bb3AYXbT B OTBBAHNA CBAT
57 MNABA. 3A QA CE NPUQOBME BACT HAQ BOAUTE B
OTBbAHOTO
58 MABA. OPYTO 3AKNMHAHHE, 3A DA CE NPUQOBME BNACT
BbPXY BOQUTE
59 MNABA. BNACT BbPXY BQVLUIBAHETO U BbPXY BOQUTE
60 MABA. 3A JA CE OTBOPAT BPATUTE HA HEBETO
61 MABA. BNACT BbPXY BOQUTE HA HEBETO
62 MABA. 3A DA CE NUE BODA B OTBbAHMA CBAT
63 MNABA. 3A QA HE BbAEW NONMAPEH, KOFATO NEW BODA
64 MABA. U3NU3AHETO HA AYLWATA KbM CBETIUHATA HA
DEHA
65 MABA. 3A DA AbPKVLU NOG CBOA BNACT HENPUATENUTE
66 MABA. U3NU3AHETO HA AYLWATA KbM CBETMUHATA HA
DEHA
67 MNABA. 3A A CE OTBOPAT BPATUTE KbM OTBBAHOTO
68 MABA. U3NU3AHETO HA AYLWATA KbM CBETIUHATA HA
DEHA
69 MNABA. U3NU3AHETO HA AYLWATA KbM CBETIUHATA HA
DEHA
70 TNABA
71 TNABA
72 TMNABA. 3A JA CE OTBOPU NbT B OTBbAHOTO LIAPCTBO
73 [PNABA. (Nostopenue xa 9 rasa)
74 TMNABA. 3A DA CU CNYKUW C HOSETE
75 TMNABA. 3A QA CE OTNPABUW KbM XENMONON UV 3A DA
3AEMEW TAM MACTO
76 [NABA. 3A JA CE CMEHA SOPMATA NO 2KENAHUE
77 TNABA. NPEBbMTbLIEHVETO HA MbPTBUA B 3NIATEH
cokon
78 TMNABA. 3NATHUAT COKON
79 TNABA. 3A QA CE NPEBbMIbTUW BbB BNAQETEN HA
BOrOBETE
80 MNABA. 3A DA BbAELW NPEBbMNbTEH B BOF, KOTO
OCBETNABA TbMHVHUTE
81 MNABA. 3A DA CE NPEBbPHELWW B CBELEH NOTOC
82 MNABA83 MNABA
84 MABA.
85 MABA.
86 [NABA.
87 TNABA.
88 TNABA.
89 MNABA.
90 MABA.
91 TNABA.
92 TMABA.
. BA CE NPEBbNNb TVW B LIAPCTBEH ¢EHUKC
3A OA CE NPEBDITb TW B YANNA
3A QA CE NPEBBINNTb TW B KUIBA AYIA
3A DA CE NPEBDIITb TW B NACTOBULIA
3A DA CE NPEBBIINTbTUW B 3MUA
3A DA CE NPEBDINTb TW B BOF CEBEK
3A QA CE CEE AYWATA C TANOTO B OTBBAHOTO
3A DA CE 3ANA3U NAMETTA B OTBBQHOTO
3A OA HE E NNEHEHA QYLUATA B OTBBAHOTO
3A DA CE OTKPUE 3A AYWATA U 3A CAHKATA
QOCTbNbT AO FPOBA
93 MNABA
94 TNABA
95 MNABA
. 3A A HE CE MNABA KbM U3TOK B OTBbQHOTO
. 3A A UMA MACTUNHULIA UV FbCUULIA
. 3A DA CE NPUBNWDKUW HO TOT
96, 97 TNABA. 3A QA CE NPVBNMKUW 0 TOT
98 TNABA
99 TNABA
. 3A JA MOXKEL DA BOAML FIOAKA B OTBAHOTO
. 3A DA BOA NODKA B OTBBAHMA CBAT
100 MNABA. 3A MA CTAHE CbBbPLUEH NOCBETEHMAT AYX
101 TNABA. 3A DA CE 3AKPUINA NOAKATA HA PA
102 TNABA. 3A OA CE U3KAYUL B NOAKATA HA PA
103 MMABA. 3A DA OCTAHEL O BOMMHA XATOP
104 TNABA. 3A MA NPEBUBABAL MEXKAY BENUKUTE BOrOBE
105 MNABA. 3A QA HANPABULW QAPOBE 3A HETNEHHUA
DBOUHUK
106 MNABA. 3A QA CE NONYYAT DAPOBETE
107 PNABA. (Bapuant Ha 109 rnaBa)
108 TNABA. 3A DA CE NOSHABAT QYLUMTE HA 3ANA
109 TNABA. 3A QA CE NO3HABAT QYLUMTE HA 3ANAQ
110 TNABA
111 PABA. (Bapuant Ha 108 rnaBa)
112 TNABA. 3A DA CE Y3HAAT MUCTEPUMTE HA CTPAHATA
BYTO
113 TNABA. 3A DA CE Y3HAAT MUCTEPUMTE HA HEXEH
114 TNABA. 3A DA CE Y3HAAT MUCTEPUMTE B XEMEHY
115 TMNABA. 3A DA CE Y3HAAT MUCTEPMMTE HA XENVonon
116 TNABA. 3A DA CE Y3HAAT MUCTEPUMTE HA XEMEHY
117 TNABA. 3A DA CE NPOHMKHE B PE-CTAY
118 TNABA. 3A DA CE NPEMUHE PE-CTAY
119 TNABA. 3A DA CE NPEMUHE PE-CTAY
120, 121 FNABA. (Mostopenne Ha 12 u 13 rnaBa)122 TNABA
123 TNABA. 3A A CE NPOHMKHE BbB BENMKUA XPAM
124 TNABA. 3A DA CE U3BbPWAT NPEBBIMUTbLIEHUATA B
UAPCTBEHUA EHUKC
125 TNABA. HYMU 3A NPOU3SHACAHE NPV BIU3AHE B
CBETUNULYETO HA MAAT
126 [TNABA
127 [TNABA. XVMH 3A BOTOBETE HA XEPTU
128 [NABA. XVMH B MNPOCNABA HA O3/PUC
129 PNABA. (Bapuant Ha 100 rnaBa)
130 TNABA. 3A MA CTAHAT CbBbPLUEHM NOCBETEHUTE
DYXOBE
131 TNABA. 3A TA CE KUBEE (0 PA
132 TNABA. 3A QA CE BbPHEL HA 3EMATA UV A BUQUL OMA
cu
133 MNABA. 3A DA CTAHE CbBbPLUEH NOCBETEHMAT AYX HA
NOKOMHNA
134 MNABA. 3A DA CTAHE CbBbPLUEH NOCBETEHMAT AYX HA
NOKOMHNA
135 TNABA. AYMU, U3PAYAHV NPV HOBONYHUE
136 TNABA. 3A DA CE OBUKANA B NOQKATA HA PA
137 TNABA. HOKATO CE NAN OFbHAT B OTBBAHMA CBAT
138 [NABA. JOKATO NOKOUHUAT BISA B ABUIOC
139 PABA. (Mostopenue Ha 123 rnaBa)
140 TNABA. HA CE MPOU3HACA, KOFATO BO)XKECTBEHOTO OKO
EB 3EHUTA CU
141, 142 TNABA
143 [NABA. (Cbappxka camo BUHeTKN)
144 [NABA. BIV3AHETO NPE3 APUTUTE
145 TNABA. NUNOHUTE HA CEXT-HAHPY
146 [NABA. (Bapuant Ha NpepxopHaTa rnaBa)
147 [NABA. (Bapuant Ha 144 rnaBa)
148 [NABA. 3A QA CE CHABQABA MbPTBUAT C FAPOBE
149 [NABA. (U4ETUPMHAQECETTE VATA)
150 MNABA. (Bapuant Ha 145 rnasa)
151 TNABA
152 TMABA. 3A DA U3rPAQUL KbLYA HA 3EMATA
153 [NABA. (A) 3A QA CE CNACMM OT AYXOBETE-PUBAPU
154 TMNABA. 3A QA HE 3AIMMHE TANOTO
155 MNABA. 3A DA CE 3AKPENU 3NATEH KEG156 [NABA. 3A DA CE 3AKPEMU TANMCMAH OT KOPHANNH
157 [NABA. 3A JA CE 3AKPENM HA LUIUATA HA NOKOMHUA
TANUCMAH, U3OBPA3ABALY ACTPEB
158 [NABA. 3A DA CE 3AKPENU OF bPNULIATA OT 3NATO.
159 TNABA. 3A QA CE 3AKPENU TANUCMAH YADDK OT U3YMPYQ,
160 [NABA. 3A QA CE 3AKPENU TANUCMAH YADDK OT U3YMPYQ,
161 TNABA. 3A QA CU NPONPABUL MbT KbM HEBETO
162 [NABA. 3A DA CE Cb3QAE YYBCTBO 3A TOMMUHA NOW
TABATA HA MbPTBUA
163 [NABA
164 [NABA
165 [NABA
166 INABA. Bb3INABHULIATA HA MbP TBA
167 [NABA. 3A DA CE JOHECE TANUCMAHDT HA YD>KAT
168 [MNABA. 3A QA CE NONYYABAT DAPOBETE
169 [NABA. 3A QA CE NPUTOTBU NOFPEBANHOTO NEMO HA
MbPTBUA
170 TNABA. 3A DA CE NPUOTBU NOFPEBANHO NO)KE
171 TNABA. 3A MA CE 3AQbPXKU BbPXY TPYNA "TPEXA HA
UUCTOTATA"
172 TNABA. XUMH 3A U3ITbNHEHVE
173 [TNABA
174 TNABA. 3A QA CE U3BbPLUM NPEMUHABAHETO HA
NOCBETEHMA AyX NPE3 BENUKATA BPATA
175 TNABA. 3A A HE CE YMUPA NOBTOPHO
176 [NABA. 3A QA HE CE YMUPA 3A BTOPU MbT
177 TNABA. 3A QA CE Cb)KVBU OTHOBO AYWATA B OTBbAHNA
CBAT
178 TNABA. 3A DA CE U3NPABU TPYMbT VU AA CE Bb3BbPHE
3PEHMETO HA OUMTE Vl CIYXA HA YIUTE
179 TNABA. 3A MA CE BbPBU OT BUEPA KbM HEC
180 [NABA. KAK A CE OTBOPAT 3A NOCBETEHMTE AYXOBE
MbTULYATA HA OTBBAHMA CBAT. KAK DA UM CE BbPHE
CBOBOPATA HA QBUDKEHMATA, TA TE QA MOFAT C FOnEMU
KPAUKU DA OBXOXKQAT OTBbGHUA CBAT VU NOCNE DA
U3NU3AT OT HELO. KAK OA VIM CE DAE Bb3MO>KHOCT DA
VU3BbPWAT BCUUKM NPEBDBIMITbLEHMA HA EQHA 2KUBA AYA
181 TNABA. 3A QA NPOHMKHEW NPEQ O3MPUC VW HETOBUTE
WEPAPXUN
182 [NABA. 3A MA CTAHE O3/PVIC TPAEH, HOKATO TOTNPOrOHBA BPATOBETE
183 TNABA. XMH KbM O3MPIC
184, 185 [NABA. (Bapmantu Ha npepxopHaTa rasa)
186, 187 [NABA. (Moro kbcu, AocTurHanu fo Hac NoBpefeHn)
188 TMNABA. 3A DA V3rPAQUW KUNULYE B OTBBGHNA CBAT
QA NPOHMKHEW TAM C YEPTU HA YOBELUKO CbLIECTBO
189 [NABA. (Bapuant Ha 52 rnaBa)
190 [INABA
BENEKKU
BENEKKA OT NPEBOQAYA
2KUTEUCKATA ®UNOCOOUA HA DPEBHUTE EPMNTAHU
Mbpsata mv xkupa, aM Hesa6paBuma cpeusa c Erunet ce cbcToa npean
Maniko NoBeve OT YeTBbpT Bek. MpucTurHaxMe BBB BpeMeTO Ha TeXKKNA
NpegyTpnHeH Mpak. He v3muHa 4ac M 30paTa HeyceTHo pa3Tonn
TbMHOTO B MMeUHO NenenaBa NeneHa, C KOATO NOKpM OKONHOCTTa.
Muroge cneg, ToBa Bb3AyXbT OnecHa. UMeHHO BbSAYXbT, TbM KaTO
CMbHue He ce BMKJaue. To Gee HaBCAKbAe. Camo ceHKUTe, HO M Te
OMeKOTeHM OT OMapaTa, NogckasBaxa NocokaTa, OT KOATO ce paxpale
TOBa CBETNMHHO 3/1aTO. Mpes Yenwa eH, Ta MB CaMaTa BeYep, eaHa
HenpekbcHaTa urpa Ha BMgeno Mu UBeToBe. Virpa Bb3AbpxaHa, THXa NC
Mapka, CAKaL € pbKOBOfeHa OT HAKOrO. Vi Taka Qo Kpan Ha
NoceljeHveTo, YNMTO AH Gbp30 Ce N3H3aXa B MMHAMOTO, 3aefHO C
NouTM BCM4KO OT AoTOraBaWwHMITe MM NpeACTaBM 3a Tas CTpaHa.
O6paser, cb3fapex OT KUBaTa Cpeula, M3TNacka BLOOparxkaemna, 3a fa
ce NpeBLpHe CKOpo CaM B ANH CNoMeH, KbAeTO Hail-TpaliHo ocTaHa
MMeHHo Ta3v YyfHa NpwpopHa BL3XBana Ha CBeTHMHaTAa, 3anerHana B
AyleBHocTTa Ha ervnTAHMTe OT Kpall BpeMe KaTO HeOTITbYeH CMMBON Ha
Haglexgata 3a A06po YOBeuIKO CbiecTByBaHe.
Vi Benpek ToBa AHec HMO He OLleHABa ApeBHaTa ermneTcKa OGWHOCT,
HeliHaTa cbunocodpua M HeMHMTe MUTOBe KaTO "CBeTbN" CnOMeH OT
AeTcTBoTO Ha YoBeYecTBOTO. FonupET c onMueTBOpABaluTe A CTapMH
OGVKHOBeHO Nopakaa MenaHXonma, CBbp3Ba CBeTMMHaTa Ha
ermnerckwa eH c 6poH30BMA GnACRK Ha 3are3a M NokpmBa eABa nu He
BCMUKO ¢ MaTMHaTa Ha OTAaBHa OTMMHaNOTO. Flouina fo Hac KaTO
yfHOBaTa CMeCMLa Ha MbPBOGMTHOTO C MBApOCTTa M Ha 3eMHOTO C
MMCTMYHOTO, erineTckaTa ApeBHOCT GyAM No-ckopo MoGonuTCTBOTO M
Punocodcka pasMuceN, OTKONKOTO papOcTHOTO O¥aKBaHe HaCpeuaTa c HOBOTO, c MHoroo6pasveTo Ha YOBeLUKOTO MM C
HeoOmyantHoTo.
KbM nogoGHM pascE»kgeHMA NogTuKBa M KHMMraTa, KOATO NpepM3BUKa THA
pefose. Ta HM OTHACA B eAVH CBAT Ha BLOOparkaemn KapTHHM, Marin,
MoneGcTBMA, MUTOBe M eKCTa3 B MMeTO Ha Ge3cMBpTHeTO, YMeTO
OBnagABaHe e NpeBLPHaNo LeNMA >KMBOT Ha erMnNTAHMTe OT OHOBA
BpeMe B VCKpeHO, HaMBHO, ala M neyanHo pobyBaHe Ha eaHa TpaAna
AeceTku BekoBe untosua. KMBOTET M CBeTMMHaTa NPUCBCTBYBAT MI TYK,
Ho Te Ce MUCHIAT Ype3 CBOMTe OTPULaHMA, KOTO BeNMoKUTe, a NoKpali
‘TAX M Apyrtte ervntAHM, ca ce HafABANM fa NpeBesMorHat c
MHOroGpomtHn M pasHooOpasHM 3aknMHaHNNA, Maru, NOXBanHM cnoBa
cBeleHopencTBMA. Viz06.4o BCMUKO B TasM Kira - KapTMHaTa Ha
CbieCTByBaloTO, KOCMOCBT M HeroBlTe CNM, CBETBT Ha %KMBOTHMTe
YOBeLUKWAT GUT, 3eMHIMTe HeGeCHMITe ABNeHIAA, BCMYKO TOBa €
BbBefeHO B CyOeKTUBHMA CBAT Ha HaferkaMTe, BMIeTeHO e B
2keNaHMATa Ha KUBMA YOBeK fa npeGwle BeYHO. KaTo efHa 3anazeHa 3a
Hac BpBONMa OT OTKBCM Ha BpeMeTO KHMMraTa HU NoKa3Ba B CrbCTeH
BMg eBa NM He BCMYKM OcoGeHOCTM Ha ApeBHoermneTcKuA Muporneg. B
kKa¥ecTBOTO CM Ha CBOeOGpasHo McTOpm4ecko NoBecTBOBaHne 3a
AyXOBHMTe Hayana Ha KUBOTA B ApeBHua Ervner, TA HM coum AA
Nopegviua oT BCeOGWM Genes Ha YOBELIKOTO Cb3HaHNe M AYXOBHMA
2XMBOT W306u0. C ToBa Mc YANATa CM CbLYHOCT Ha egHa XuNAgoneTHa
Mone6cTBeHa NeceH Npeg, NuyeTo Ha Geskpaa M HeroBuTe Cun Ta3n
KHMra HM lODTMKBa KbM pa3MucbN MM 3a CaMMTe Hac.
Kxurata e OTKpuTa OT cbpeHcKua eruntonor KaH-dpatcoa Wamnonvon
Manko cneg, KaTo To3M npocnaBeH npegctasuTen Ha (peHckata
wHTenureHuna oT 19 Bek nyGnuKkyBan npes 1824 roguna CBOA Tpya,
"KpaTko u3noxkeHve Ha Hepornudxata cuctema". OTkpua, pas6upa ce,
3a HerOBUITe ChEpeMeHHMU, 3a Hac M ObAHMTe NOKONeHMA, TBI KATO TA
e Guna focTa m3BecTHa Ha ApeBHaTa ermneTcKa OGWecTBeHOCT.
PasnpoctpaHaBaHeTo i ToraBa e Guo ToNkKoBa LWMpoKo, ¥e JHeC
McTopnumTe c NpaBo OTpuvaT HanMuveTo Ha HAKAKbB HemH OpurnHan.
Tosu CGOpHMK OT TeKcTOBe (Hape4eH oT Lamnonuon "MorpeGaneH
putyan", a no-kbcHo oT Puxapa Slencuyc - "KHvra Ha MbpTBUTe") &
cTaHan egga Nu He NasapHo ABNeHNe B KBCHMMA Nepvog, OT McTopuaTa Ha
Emer. Mpenopbusak oT >kpeute Kato 3aQbsDKUTeNeH HapbYHUik 3a
NbTYBaHeTO B OTBBAHMA CBAT, TOM BNAIbN MB CCbKa Ha NpeaMerute,
¢ KONTO TpAGBaNo Aa 6bAe NorpeGax NownHanwaT, 3a fla ce ocurypu
HeroBoTo GescmppTue. BHespeH AbnGoko B NorpeGanHua puTyan HaOHOBa BpeMe, COOpHKST NocTeneHHo 3anouHan fa NpucbcTByBa nour
kaTo Moga B norpeGeHMaTa Ha BCMUKN, B TOBA YMICIO M Ha NpMWwEnuMTe.
oven cboGujasa 3a OTKpuTa MyMMA C Nanupyc B pbka, BLpXy KOTO
Guna vsnvicaua peY Ha HAKON cu VisoKpat "npoTuB HukoKpat". 3a
OTCBCTBMETO Ha NbPBMYeH PBKONNc Hali-QoGpe cBMgeTeNcTByBAa
CbAbp»kaHMeTO Ha KHMMraTa. TA e CbCTaBeHa Bb3 OCHOBa Ha MicMeHa,
Cb3fafeHM OT pasnMYHN NoKONeHMA >KpeLiM MB eAMH Abbr nepvog, oT
wcTopuata Ha ToraBalwHua Eruner. Makap 4e osbopMaHeToO Hi KaTO KHUra
@ CTaHano B Nepmofia Ha HOBOTO YapcTBO, HAKOM aBTOpM Npocne”ABaT
HelHMA Npow3xog, Hazag, B MCTOpMATa Yak fo Taka HapeveHnA
Npeavcropmyeckn nepwiog, oT paseuTnero Ha Eruner. B Hea Hanpumep e
MOMeCTeH TeKCT, OTKPUT OKONO 2700 rofMHa AO HoBaTa epa, KoliTo Gun
CMATAH OT CaMMITe ABTOpM Ha KHMraTa 3a CBMAeTeNICTBO "OT Npactapu
BpeMmexa", 3a apxeonormuHa HaXxopKa BbB BpeMe, KoeTO camo no ceGe
cM e efHa apxamuHocT.
No To3v noBog 3acnykaBaT BHUMaHie ABe Harneg NonbTHH, Ho AocTa
CbilecTBeHN OcoGeHocTH.
Bunpek ue spbskaTa Mexpy OTAenHMITe TeKcToBe e TBLPAe
wakycTBexa, KHMraTa Moxe fla Ce OKa4eCTBABa KaTO CTMXMeH, HanorKeH
OT KUBOTA Cop OT 3aKNMH@HMA, MONMTBN, XBaneGCTBMA M 3aynoKOMHN
cnoBa, pasnpcHaT No xpaMoge MM rpoGHMLM, yCTHM NpeAaHMA M
NorpeGanHw o6wuan Ha TpuTe YapcTBa. B TO3M CMUCBNTA, vsrnexpa, e
Vi HAKAKBO OGO6WeHMe Ha YANOCTHMA AYXOBeH pasBol B
ApeBHoermnerckata McTopmA. OHoBa, KoeTo upe3 u3anucaHuTe
3aKknNHaHMA B niMpamuayTe e oOcmy Bano EAVHCTBeHO apaoHuTe, TyK
@ NpepaGoTeHo, O6o6ujeHo u NpuropeHo egBa NM He 3a BCMUKN, KOTO
ca Gunn norpe6BaHn cnopeg putyana 3a 3HaTHMTe. HenpekbcHaToTO
Npennmtave Ha MOMMTBMTe CbC CbBeTHMTe 3a YCNelUHO NpeMMHaBaHe B
cBeTa Ha GoroBeTe oT CBOA CTpaHa MopckasBa, Ye Ta3u KHiIra e Npmena
YaCT MOT TeKCTOBeTe, V3NMCBaHN OT BbTpellHaTa CTpaHa Ha
capkodpasute ("TekcToBe Ha CapkodpasuTe") cnopeg o6uyauTe npes
BpemeTo Ha CpeHoro yapcrBo. Mo oTHoWeHMe Ha Te3v {Be OCHOBHU.
nvcmeHM cBvgeTencTBa 3a Mupornega Ha ynpaBnaBawnTe B CTapoTo
CpeaHoTo uapcrea, "KHura Ha MbpTBMTe" M3NbKBa KATO TAXHO
pasnpoctpaHeHve cpeg, wiMpokata OOWyecTBeHOCT M cnefoBaTenHo -
kaTo TAXHO BUQOU3MeHeHMe copes, M3MCKBaHMATAa Ha TOBA
pasnpoctpaHeHe. Ho Tasv oljeHka Gu Morna fa ce BbsnpueMme KaTO
BApHa CaMo OT McTopmuecka rnegHa TouKa, 3al4OTO NpveMcTBeHOCTTa
CbBCeM He OGesmMmuaBa TeKCTOBeTe-npeAleCTBEHMLIM, BCEKM OT KOMTO
No CbAbp»kaHve, a AOHAKbAe MNO BAD MMa CBOA HenloBTopuMmocT. ToBaBaku ocoGeHo 3a "TeKcToBe Ha NupamuaTe". ViscuyaHn BEpXy KAaMBHU
Wno cTeHMTe B NupamngyTe, Tes TeKcTOBe VMaT 3HauMTeNHO No-
odvuManko CbAbp»kaHve B CpaBHeHNe CLC CbALP)KAHMeTO Ha BCMYKM
Apyr norpe6annu cnopa, B TOBA YMCNO M CC CbAbpXKalyoTO ce B
"KHura Ha MbpTeuTe". Vi He camo 3apafy Tosa, Ye ca o6cnyKBann
Ayuiute Ha cpapaoHn, Ho Moxe 6 3alyoTO CaMoTo M3cM4aHe BEpXy
TpoGHnumTe ce e cMaTano 3a cBelleHosecTBne. Yact oT Tesv Haan
cnopeg, MHeHMeTOo Ha HAKOM y4eHH Ca OWN B nMpaMuamTe oT Hal-
Tap BpeMexa M HOCAT O6nika Ha efHa NPMMMTMBHa AYWeBHOCT,
uMeTO ThNkyBaHe e 3aTpyAHABaNo M NMcapuTe-TENkyBaTeNM No OHOBA
Bpeme. [IpesHu camu no ce6e cu, Te Morar fa ce CuMTaT 3a HAKAKBO
OCbBpeMeHABaHe Ha TeKCTOBe M YCTHM NpefaHMA OT OWE No-AbNGoKa
Apestocr.
Ta3u NoBTapAla ce MpNeMCTBeHOCT e Apyrata OcoGeHOCT, KOATO HN ce
Nogcka3Ba OT peTpocrekTMBHMA NOpAXOA, KbM HeHOTO ChABpKaHve,
KbM HeMHOTO CbLeCTByBaHe M3060.
Kato ecTecTBeH npogykT oT COGCTBeEHOTO pasBuTHe Ha
ApeBHoerunertckaTa AyXoBHa Kyntypa, "KHMra Ha MBpTBMTe" e
MHOrocnomHo OTpaxkeHMe Ha pasnM4HN eTanw OT ToBa pasBuTHe,
OTpakeHMe, NPM KOeTO BCeKN NO-HOB cro BCMykBa B ceGe cn
NpegwecTByBaLNA M ro HOCH KaTO CBOA TBKAH. MpoHMkBaHeTO BbB
BbTpelHMTe crloeBe CTaBa OnocpeAcTBaHo - Npe3 McTOpMueckKM No-
KbCHMTe CBCTOAHMA. TyK, B TO3/ KOHKpeTeH cnyyail, nposMpa BaxkKHa
3aKOHOMepHOCT B pasBUTMeTO Ha BCAKa AYXOBHa Ky!Typa: ako TOBA
pasBuTMe He e NpekbCHaTo pAsKO KaTO HapyllaBaHe Ha efMH YANOCTeH
pa3Bou, NpMeMcTBeHoCTTa Mpu Hero ce pasipbilia Taka, Ye BCAKO
cTBNano oT pasBuTMeTO CTaBa rpagvMBHa cuna Ha cnepBauoTo.
XerenogoTo "oTpuyanve Ha OTpuyaHveTo" B OGNacTTa Ha AYXOBHOTO
PpasBuTMe MMa Ta3M BaxKHa OCOGeHOCT, Ye AHTUTESMCBT B CbLOTO
BpeMe e MI CMHTe3. [lyXOBHMAT KOHTUKMyM Ha OOLeCTBOTO ce OcHOBaBa
Neg BcvuKO BEpxy Ta3M YepTa Ha KyITypHMA HaNpepbK M BH OT HEA
npectaBa fia cbljectByBa.
B kayectBoTo fi Ha MUcMeHO TBOpeHve "KHVra Ha MbpTBUTe" He Ce
oTnmuaBa MC OGMKHOBeHa YArocTHOcT. HamMeHoBaHMATa Ha OTAenHuTe
rae, a 4 caMoTo ii pasuneHABaHe Ha rmaBu fo ronAma cTeneH ca
ycnoBH. Hepago o6ocoGeHTe B rnaBM TeKCTOBe Ce NOBTapAT B N0-
Tonamata cu vac. Hako oT TAX ca CaMO YacTM4Ha NpoMAHa Ha
NpegwecrsyBalyvTe. OTAenHMTe raBV ca HepaBHOCTOMHM KaKTO NO
06eM, Taka Mi Mo cloxKeTHM OCHOBaHIAA. MoBTopeHuATa u efHOOGpasveTo
NpvcecTByBaT M BbTpe B OTAeNHMITe YaCTM MM CTUXOBe. HAKOM OTCcTMxoBeTe Ca Ge3cMUCNeHM, NoHe 3a CbBpeMeHHMA UMTaTen. Hpyrn
6yAAT HeoyMeHne Aopu cpeg, cneyannctuTe, Kono, yBaxaBalikn
W3TOUHMKa, Ca CKNOHHM fa OGACHAT HefocTaTbUMTe My c HaMecaTa Ha
3aMHTepecoBaHiTe OT NpopaxkGaTa npenucBaun Ha Tes MbpBooopasyn
Ha cpegHOBeKOBHMTe MHgyNreHuMn B Eppona. OcBeH ToBa uMTaTenAT
TPYAHO CBVKBa CBC CTMNa MM CTpykTypaTa Ha MCNeHeTO, BEMNbTEHM B
kuurata. To He camo 3apagv OTAaneueHocTTa Ha BpeMeTo
CBOMTMATA MN NopagM No~YepTaHO HENPUBMYHOTO MIM CbARp»aHne.
Uact oT Te3v Hela MoxKeM fla OGACHMM Cc COOpHMA XapakTep Ha
TekcTopere. Vinu c npoMeHitTe M HacnoABaHMATa, KOMTO BeKOBeTe ca
BBBeNM B TAX. Huma More {HO KONeKTMBHO CMOBeCHO TBOpeHne,
Cb3fafeHO Ml M3noN3sBaHo XMNAgoNeTuA, Np ToBa npegHasHayeHo 3a
Macosa ynoTpe6a, a 6bfe nuweHo oT Nof~OGHU HeAocTaTEUN!
Vima o6aue u apy, Tebpae CbiecTBeEHM OcoGeHOCTH, YMeTO
NpeHeGperBaHe Moxe fa HMM OTKNOHM OT AeMICTBMTeMHaTa CTOMHOCT Ha
TOBa ronAMo MMTepatypHo ABNeHMe B APeBHOerMNeTcKaTa kKynTypa.
Merpwytoro, a ollje noBeve - TOHMYHOTO CTHXOCMOxKeHNe OTCRCTBYBAT
B nvicMeHoctra Ha Ervine Yak 40 MaBaHeTo Ha rbpute. OcBeH TOBa
NOBTopeHMeTo M CBLP3aHOTO C Hero ycelljaHe 3a eAHOOOpasue,
varnexkga, ca B CTpykTypaTa Ha BCMUKN ApeBHM CNOBeCHM M3ABN,
ocoGeHo Ha ThpxecTBeHMTe. EAHooOpasHa MM oTpynaHa CBC CnoBecHM
vanuuectBa e BeaNueckaTa nuTepatypa. TakaBa e M cTapoespelickata
noesua. Heka npwnomMHMM Hanpumep TakwBa YacTu oT CTapiiA 3aBeT
kaTo kHvrata Ha Vos, ncanmure v npuTumte Ha ConomoH, nnava Ha
Vepemua u apy, wuvio CTMXOTBOpHN OcoGeHOCTM MoraT fa HA
OGACHAT M HAKON OT CTpyKTypHMMTe NpvsHaliv Ha ApeBHOerMneTcKaTa
nucmexocr. CraBa AyMa npefy BcMuKo 3a Taka HapeyeHMA
Napanenu3bM B HeroBlTe Tply, Hali-oTYeTNMBN MM YecTO WsnonsBaH
HaUMHM Ha NoeTM4Ha M3ABa: eDHAKBM MMCIM, M3paseHN cbc craGo
u3MeHeHMe Ha AYMMTe; ABE KOpeHHO NPOTMBONONOKHM 3HaYeHMA B
eQMH MM CBM pep MM v3pa3; NOCTOAHHO HapacTBaHe B pasBUTMeTO Ha
MucesTTa upes cnoBecHo sacTEnBaHe. Ha OuGneiickua TeKcT e npucbuya
MW MHoroo6pa3Hara urpa Ha AYMM, KakTO MM Taka HapeYeHMAT Bb3XOfAly
PUTEM, pw KoitTO BCekN CnepBauy CTUX MNM YaCT OT Hero B3MMa AyMa
Mn v3pa3 OT NPeAVWHMA Vi TM CBbp3Ba C HOBUITe B efHa CBOeoOpasHa
cTbnGa. UkTepecHo e Chuo Taka M pefyBaHeTo Ha HeACHOTaTa C
HeliHOTO HeOWakBaHo OTCTpaHABaHe BbTpe B panne Ha efHa
Cbilja CTMXOTBOpHa EAHA.
Bewukn Tesn Genesu HOCH MM CNoBecHMAT rpagex B "KHUra Ha
MppTBuTe". OcBeH ToBa WTATeNAT NeCHO Le Cb3pe B HEA HaNnuneTOHe Ha eH, a Ha HAKONKO Bua NoeTMYeH NapanenusM.
Nogo6xn cbo6parkeHua Ou TpASBano Aa Ce UsKaxKaT M 3a HEACHUTE
wspasu, 3a anormunuTe (oT Halla rnegHa TouKa) O6paTu Ha peuTa, 3a
3aragb¥HOTo B Tas KHMIra. ErMneTckata ApeBHOCT BbNpeKu HEMHOTO
Teorpad)cko pasnonoxeHve npuHagnexku kbM VisToKa c HeroBMA Hau
Ha Vi3Ka3 M CMMBONM. OHOBa, KoeTO eBponeeybT Le M30 No Halt-
Kbcua NBT, NpeacTaBuTenaT Ha VisToka HenpeMeHHo We M3pa3ii C
HakakBa aneropmna, pes MHOCKazaHNe MM BbpXy OCHOBaTa Ha
CnoBecHa OOCTOATeNCTBEHOCT MM NPN efHO 3HAYNTeNHO No-ronaMo
cby¥acTne Ha CrywaTena M uMTaTena. CbBpeMeHHMUMTe Ha CnMHMh
CTapw, w3rnexkga, CbBCeM He Ca OTUNTaNM ToBa OGCTOATeNCcTBO, KoraTo
ca BApBann, Ye B ApeBHa Mepcua e MMano ApBeTa, No KNOHMTe Ha
KOMTo M3pacTBaT KoHe (cTaBaro e AyMa 3a PADBK BUA AbpBeTa B
Yapckua ABop, KoltTo e u3faBan pa3peuleHne 3a oTNyCKaHe Ha KoHe 3a
YWHOBHMUMTe, M3npalljaHn B pasriM4HMITe YaCTM Ha YapcTBoTo). OHOBa,
KoeTo B eBponelickuTe CTpaHl ce e NOABABaNO B OTAeNHa NuTepatypHa
cTpykypa, HanpuMep Gacuata, B VisToka e cTun Ha cnoBecHo
o6ulyBaHe. B penummosHuTe TeKcToBe To NpMcbCTByBa M Mopann
CbLMHaTa Ha CaMaTa penurmo3Ha MMcBN - oTAaneyeHa OT
AelicTBuTenHoctra Ypes MHoroTo cTBnana Ha CyGeKTMBHOCT M1 Halt-
PpasNM4HM NoyYeHMAA, KOMTO MHOro YeCTO Ca CbBCeM M30ra4eHo exo Ha
OTMMHanM KU3HEHM NoTpeGHOCTM. KbM BCM4KO ToBa TpAGBa fa ce
Npv6asv v NpucecTENeTO Ha MUTHYHMTe O6pasu, M3BeCTHM, MosHaTH M
Aopn Gnu3kv 3a ApeBHUTe erunTAHM, HO CbBCeM HeEOGACHMMM MM Opn.
uykay 3a Hac, JHeWHMMTe uMTaTenn Ha KHMraTa. FlomKaTa B
NOBefeHMeTO Ha MUTMYHIMTe repow, KaKTO € V3BECTHO, CbBCeM He ce
NokpwBa ¢ Norvkata Ha 30paBuA pasyM NM ecTecTBeHMA Xop Ha HeWaTa.
Owe no-ronamo 3Ha¥eHne 3a NpaBMNHOTO BE3NpMeMaHe Ha TeKCTOBeTe
8 "KHvra Ha MbpTBMTe" Mma M OCcOGeHaTa BbTpeluHa CTpykTypa Ha
ApeBHoermnercKna HepornndeH peYyHNk, CB_P3aH Cc OCOGeHaTa
cTpykTypa Ha ocbMuManHua, cupeY %KpeyeCckA ApeBHOerMneTCcKM HAY
Ha mucnexe. KHurata e vsnbnHeHa c Hepornucpu B TAXHaTa Knacwuecka
(popma - o6pasHara, 3aefHO c efHO OrpoMHO CMMBONHO CbABpKaHve,
HanoxkeHo OT XapakTepa Ha 4YBCTBaTa, MfevTe M MUICHMTe B MUTMYHOTO
NopecTBoBaHve. Ho ToBa ZONbNHVTeNHO, NpeANMHO CMMBONHO
3Ha¥eHMe, More fa 6bAe pas6paHo (KakTo e NpM pasuuTaHeTo Ha
BCeKM CMMBON) CaMo Np CpaBHMTeENHO MIbsHOTO NocTuraHe Ha
CMTyaMATa, KOATO ro e NopopMna. OTAaneveHoctTa BBB BpeMeTO OT
AevicTBMTeNnHMA >KMBCT, Cb3faN ToBa 3HayeHMe Ha usnMcaHMTe
Wepornudpy B "KHvra Ha MbpTBMTe", CNeAOBaTeNHO Belae HEACHM MV“TbMHM" MeCcTa MM 3a YUTaTeNMTe C Hali-CunHO BLOGparkeHve.
Pas6upa ce, He e HeOOxXofMMo fa Ce ThpcM HenpeMeHHO HAKaKBB
NpvHun vi TaM, KbfeTO B AevicTBNTenHoCT cTaBa AyMa 3a OOMKHOBeHa
NoeTu4Ha orpakMueHocT UNM 3a HeTOUHa CroBoynoTpeba, KaKBUTO B
"KHMra Ha MbpTBMTe" HaVcTMHa Mia, OCOGeHO B HeMHITe M0-KBCHN
PasHOBMpHocT. Ho ToBa He HaManaBa McTopMyeckaTa CTOMHOCT Ha
KHMraTa, HATO IIbK OTMeHA HeMiHMTe NiMTepaTypHl Ml HpaBCTBeHM
kauectga.
B cmvcbna Ha m3ncaHoTo B Ta3v ApeBHa KHiNra Moke fla Ce NpoHMKHe
upes NpeBb3MorBaHeTo Ha TPM MocnegoBaTenHn NpoAB Ha
Heonpegenenoctra.
Haii-Gn3ko 0 Hac e 3aTpyQHeHMeTOo, NopopeHo oT HauMHa Ha HallleTo
O6ulyBaHe c aBTOpuTe Ha KHiNraTa. Hie cMe UMTaTerM MB CbLYOTO
Bpeme "HaGniofaTenn" Ha OGlyBaHe Mexka~y pel uM Xopa, AoGpe
OcBefOMeHM 3a NpefMeTa Ha CBOATA MUCNOBHa Bpb3ka, 3a pasnuka oT
Hac, KOTO TpAGBa fla Ce JoraxKpaMe 3a KaKBO CTaBa AyMa B TAXHOTO
o6uyBaHe. Ha BcAKa CTpaHMua B KHMraTa Ce ONMcBaT CbOMTUA,
AelicTBuA M NoBefeHNe, V3BeCTHM Ha CTapOBpeMCKMA YMTATeN KATO
Helo, 3a KOeTO TOM JopM He nuTa - ToNKoBa GNW3Ko MACHO e
NPpMcBCTBMeTO MM B AYXOBHIAA >KMBOT Ha OOWyBaLyNMTe. B noBeyeTo
cny4av npeaMeTET Ha Bpb3kaTa Mexay aBTopuTe um uMTaTeNuTe e
OGACHeH 0 CaMaTa Bpb3Ka UNM BB BCeKM Ciy4al, NOHe 3a Hac - BbH
OT KHMraTa. ABTopitte ca yGefeHM, Ye UMTaTeNAT 3Hae 3a KaKBO ce
TOBOpM, M TOBa OGCTOATeNcTBO NpeBpbiya HaleTO YeTeHe B ycunne fa
ce NPMCBCTByBa Ha OPKMBANO BpeMeTO CM AYXOBHO OTHOWeHNe.
Tpunosu ce noBaBar u B AMano3uTe Ha MnaToH, B noyYeHMaTa Ha
GyAMCTKTe YUMTeNM MB MOUTH BCMYKM NOfOGHM Ha TAX e3MKOBM
TBOPeHMA, KbAeTO yYaCcTHMLMTe B CNoBecHaTa Bpb3ka ca ABaMa (MN
noBeue). Ho Tam HalweTo NpucEcTBve, HallleTo yuacTue ce pasrpbia
kaTo efHo pepyBaHe Ha CbCTOAHMATA, Np KoeTO Hive BHAI cMe
appecaTtT. B "KHvra Ha MbpTBMTe" NoNorxKeHMeTO e CbBBPWEHO Apyro.
Asropwte ca npefHasHauunn cnoBata cu 3a Xopa, KoMTO TpAbBa fa Mm
Npow3HacaT Mc NpovsHacaAHeTo MM fa OGuyBaT c GoroBeTe
GoxecTBeHuTe cunn. (Helo noBexe. [peBHuTe erunTaHy ca TEEpAenu,
ue aBTop Ha KHuIrata e Gor ToT, KakTo Muu HanpuMep OT cTuma M peuTa
B NbpBa rasa.) Hve “npucbcTByBaMme" No TakbB Hau He CAMO Ha
HakakBa CNOBeCHa BPb3ka, HO Ml Ha HeMHOTO pasnagave upes
OTNMTaHeTO Mi B HeGMTMeTO. 3a Hac OCTaBa CaMo Np3BaHNeTO Ha
CBUZeTeNM, OCb3HANM HAKAKbB 3aTBOpeH B ceGe CM KOMYHMKaTMBeH
kpbr, B NDOTMBOpeune C Hali-AbNGokaTa CbLyHOCT Ha BCAKaKOMYHUKauMA - 2a € BPb3Ka (KATO 3anox6a) c Ge3kpaeH Gpol xopa.
‘UeTeHeTo Ha HanucaHoTo B "KHVra Ha MbpTBUTe" BbH OT HeHaTa
McTopwuecka cpefa ce pasrpbilia He KaTo NMCMeHo M3pa3eH pasroBop,
a kaTo Ha6mogeHve (c unui Ges noSonuTcTBO) Ha HAKAKBO AelicTBve MN
cbOuTue. Ho ToBa, vsrnexfa, cbNpoBOxKga BCMUKM Halu NosHaBaTenHu
YCMnnA, HaCOUMNM Ce KbM CbBKyNHaTa AYXOBHa KyrTypa Ha OPKMBANATA
BpeMeTo cu ApeBHoerunetcka OGWHOCT.
Bropuat w3pa3 Ha HeonpefeneHoctra ca HefocTaTBYHMMTe HM 3HaHVA
3a TOBa AbNroTpaliHo YOBeLUKO CbIKUTeNCTBO, NpeMMHaNo MHoro
cTbMana Ha CBOeTO BbTpPeHO M3MeHeHMe, Ge3 fa ca OTpaseH B
HanmuHuTe CBNgeTeNcTBa, AON 40 Hac OT BeKOBeTe. OcBeH TOBA
kHurata, 3a KOATO FOBOpMM Cera, KONKOTO M GoraTa fa e KaTO 3TOUHMK
Ha CBeeHMA 3a ApeBHOerMneTckaTa AeUCTBMTeNHOCT, BCe Nak e EHO
WereHacoueHo B Temata cn cbOmpaHe Ha NMcMeHM CBMpeTeNcTBa.
Cpeujata c KHIM OT NofoGeH pop BHA e egHa cu3coBcKa MbKa fa
Ce BL3CTaHOBM HAKaKBa OOWeCTBeHa OOCTaHOBKa B HelHaTa Ku3HeHa
NnbnHora. Ta3v MbKa BNpoveM Baxn 3a BCAKO MCTOpM4ecKo NosHaHie.
Uctopwueckwat aHanus3, Korato Tol HaMcTMHa e Hay4eH, e cTpemex n
KbM efHa Col|Monormuna KapTiHa Ha OTMMHANOTO, MIbT e KbM
KOHKpeTHOTO, KoeTO Mapkc, KakTO e M3BeCTHO, NOCTaBM B 3aBRplleKa Ha
NosHaBaTenHoTo ycunme KaTOo Lien, pesyrratT M BpbX Ha BCAKO nosHaHie.
HenocpegctBeHoTo cb3epliaHie c HeroBaTa ceTMBHa MbNHOTA ce
3aCTBMBa OT OGOGWaBAaHeTO, KoeTO He @ HMLO pyro, OcBeH
OcBOGoxKgaBaHe Ha Cb3HAHNeTO OT NOMTHOTO, Cry¥alHOTO Ml ynaBAHe
Ha O6WIOTO, TpaiHOTO M 3aKOHOMepHOTO. Mpu m3y4¥aBaHeTO Ha
KOHKpeTHOTO ABeTe cTBNana Ha NO3HaHMeTO AelICTBYBaT 3aefHO - KaTO
NPpMcBCTBMe Ha OCR3HATOTO OGIO B ONMCAHNeTO M OGACHEHMeTO Ha
@QMHVYHOTO, OTAeNHOTO, CMyYaMHOTO - HOCMTeNM Ha TOBa O6WO.
HayuHuat norneg, KbM MUHanoTo e 3aTpy2HeH TbKMO Nopagv MBYHOTO,
NOUTM HeNOCcTWKVMO BbSCTaHOBABaHe Ha TOBA EAMHCTBO, Tbi KaTO, MN
Hali-MankoTo 3apagi ToBa, Ye MOMbTHOTO MMeHHO 3alljoTO e NONbTHO,
Beue e U34esHamo, a HeroBMTe CnegM ca HeAOCTaTBYHM 3a yCreLHO
Flormyecko ycunve. Taka e uc eruntonormara, KoATo Bce ouje e Aaneu
OT BL3MOXKHOCTTa fla BL3CTaHOBM Op O6uaTa KapTMHa Ha %KMBOTa OT
Apesxoctra Ha Eruner. Ouje no-ganeu e TA OT BPBXHOTO CTBNano Ha
MCTOpM4ecKOTO 3HaHMe - KOHKpeTHOTO. ETO 3al4o 3a MHOro OT CTpaHuTe
Ha OOLECTBEHMA XMBOT B TO3/ OTPAIbK OT MCTOpM4ecKo Bpeme Hie
Bce ole ce Aoraxkgame ui 3aToBa - Haraxpame KbM OcTaTBUMTe Ha
pa3pywWeHarTa oT BpeMeTo o6.ecTBeHa YANocT.
C mHoro no-ronama cuna Tes cho6paxkeHA BaxaT 3a