Part b

Behaviourism is the theory of behavioral development, which can be measured, noticed

and induced by the student's response to stimuli. the responses desired can be induced by giving
positive or negative conditioned stimuli. Punishment sometimes can also be used to eliminate
or reduce unnatural behavior, followed by explaining the desired action.

Constructivism is a learning that emphasizes on the process of asking questions and

generating new ideas from existing knowledge by the learners. This theory sees freedom as a
determinant of learning success. Knowledge according to constructivist theory is a person's
cognitive construct of an idea through the discovery of new objects, experiences, and
environment. A good education through constructivism includes the development and deep
understanding of a problem or new idea and identify multiple perspectives to improvise and
create own interpretations.

This theory also sees freedom as a determinant of a successful learning.

 In my opinion, behaviourism learning is very effective in primary school where the
students need to learn discipline. The teacher use the method mainly in establishing routines.
It is very time saving and effective in maintaining order inside the classroom. For example,
when a teacher raise his/her hand and start counting 1 to 3, this signals that the paper given
should be passed or the activities should be stopped at the count of three.

By drilling the same activities and giving the conditioning stimulus, the students will
benefit from retention and show improvement in learning. For example, teachers will spend a
lot of time for drills, practice and exercise before giving a test. It lets Remember to give
feedbacks and point out the things that need to be improved.

Let pupils have proper mind sets before starting a lesson. A pre-activity, mini-game,
warm up exercise, songs, energizers, icebreakers and a lot more can be used by the teacher. As
much as possible, avoid promising something that will excite the pupils/students and then at
the end break it. This might cause frustration among pupil s. (Thorndike's Law of Readiness)

Rewards can be an effective means to motivate learners. However, use this very wisely
especially in giving material rewards. Also remember that inner and non-material rewards like
self-fulfillment, self improvement, positive emotions, praises and compliments are more
fulfilling than any material rewards.

In my opinion, teachers in most school preferred behaviourism learning than

constructivism learning especially. External motivation