ABSTRACT

Our project title “ Design and Fabrication of Pneumatic Punching Machine”

Here we have fabricated the Pneumatic Punching Machine. Punching is a part of
sheet metal cutting process that uses a punch press to force a tool, called a
punch, though the work piece to create a hole via shearing. The punch often
passes through the work into a die.

A scrap slug from the hole is deposited into the die in the process. Depending
on the material being punched this slug may be recycled and reused or discarded.
Punching is often the cheapest method for creating holes in sheet metal in
medium to high production volumes. When a specially shaped punch is used to
create multiple usable parts from a sheet of material the process is known as
blanking. In forging applications the work is often punched while hot and this is
called hot punching.

Pneumatics is air operated device. By doing the manual process it consumes

more time and large amount of man power required for punching operation. By
using this machine we can save the time and man power requirement in the
industries.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO
NO
ABSTRACT IV
LIST OF FIGURES VII
LIST OF TABLES VIII
1 CHAPTER 1 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION1
1.2 SHEET METAL WORKING PROCESS 2
1.2.1 SHEET METAL CUTTIING 2
1.2.1.1PUNCHING 3
1.2.1.2SHEARING 7
1.2.1.3BLANKING 8
1.2.1.3.1 FINE BLANKING 10
1.2.1.4TRIMMING 12
1.2.2 SHEET METAL FORMING PROCESS 12
1.2.3 FINISHING PROCESS 15
2 CHAPTER 2
2.1 MAIN DIAGRAM 17
3 CHAPTER 3 18
3. COMPONENTS 18
3.1 SOLENOLD VALVE 18
3.2 TYPERS OF SOLENOLD VALVE 18
3.2.1 DIRECT ACTING VALVES 19
3.2.2 PILOT-OPERATED VALVES 20
3.2.3 TWO WAY VALVES 21
3.2.4 THREE WAY VALVES 22
3.2.5 FOUR WAY VALVES 23
3.2.6 HAND LIVER VALVE 24
3.3 CONTROL UNIT25
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 3.3.1 FUNCUTION OF CONTROL UNIT 25
3.3.2 TYPES OF CONTROL UNIT 25
3.4 PNEUMATIC CYLINDER 27
3.4.1 TYPES OF PNEUMATIC CYLIMDER 27
3.5 COMPRESSOR 31
3.5.1 TYPES OF COMPRESSORS 32
3.6 FLOW CONTROL VALVE 32
3.6.1 TYPES OF FLOW CONTROL 34
4 CHAPTER 4 35
4.1 CALCULATION 35
5 CHAPTER 5 36
5.1 WORKING PRINCIPLE 36
6 CHAPTER 6 37
6.1 ADVANTAGES 37
6.2 APPLICATIONS 37
7 CHAPTER 7 38
7.1 LIST OF MATERIAL 38
7.2 COST OF MATERIAL 39
8 CHAPTER 8 40
7.1 CONCLUSION 40
9 CHAPTER 9 41
9.1 REFERENCES 41
10 CHAPTER10 42
10.1 PHOTOGRAPHY 42

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 LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO. FIGURE NAME PAGE NO
1.1 PUNCHING PROCESS 4
1.2 VARIOUS PUNCHING PROCESS 6
1.3 SHEARING PROCESS 7
1.4 BLANKING PROCESS 9
1.5 FINE BLANKING 11
1.6 SHEARING OPERATIONS 12
1.7 TRIMMING 13
1.8 COMMAN DIE BENDING OPERATION 13
1.9 VARIOUS BENDING OPERATION 13
1.10 SKECTH FORMING PROCESS 14
1.11 SHEMATIC DRAWING PROCESS 14
2.1 MAIN DIAGRAM 16
3.1 DIRECT ACTING VALVES 18
3.2 PILOT OPERATED VALVES 19
3.3 TWO WAY VALVE 20
3.4 THREE WAY VALVE 21
3.5 FOUR WAY VALVE 22
3.6 HAND LEVER VALVE 23
3.7 PNEUMATIC CYLINDER 25
3.8 SINGLE ACTING PNEUMATIC CYLINDER 26
3.9 DOUBLE ACTINE PNEUMATIC CYLINDER 27
3.10 TELESCOPIC CYLINDER 28
3.11 COMREESSOR 29

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 3.12 FLOW CONTROL VALVE 31
3.13 MECHANICAL PRESS 34
3.14 HYDRAULIC PRESS 35
3.15 DIES AND PUNCHES 35
5.1 WORKING PRINCIPLE 38

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE NO. TABLE NAME PAGE NO

6.1 LIST OF MATERIAL 38

6.2 COST OF MATERIAL 39

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