The pump shutdown condition becomes a problem when the fluid system is flowing ot 0 steady state velocity ond suddenly the power to the FAN pump is cut off. This creates an instantoneous low Suuuaoon pressure region at the pump SUPPLIES MAKE—UP discharge. The fluid column WATER wrth its: momentum continues to move away {com the pump dischorge. If the pressure drops below the vopor pressure the fluid column will separate creating 0 large gos vapor pocket ‘at the pump discharge. (fig 4.) (CHECK VALVE CLOSES Mier the fluid column decelerates to zero velocity, the column will FIC. reverse in direction because of the differential pressure created by the fluid momentum. The reverse flow collopses the gos vapor pocket generating extremely high transient pressures os 0 result of the rejoining energy. The reverse flow also generates a water hammer surge when the pump check valve is slommed closed. The column will continue to oscillate until its energy hos dissipated through the fluid losses. With o surge suppressor installed ot the pump discharge column, separation con eliminated. When the surge suppressor is precharged to 50% of the operating pressure ‘opproximatly half of the shell volume is avcilable to the pipeline during the shutdown. This stored fluid is discharged into the pipeline when the pump is shut off This continues until the fluid column comes to a rest. The discharge pressure is moin— toined above the vapor pressure thereby preventing column separation. Upon reverse flow, the surge PUMP suppressor absorbs the fluid SHUT-DOWN cfter the check valve hos closed thereby eliminating the RETURN FLOW woterhommer. (Fig 5). The energy of the reverse flow velocity is dissipated in the compression of the ritrogen precharge of the bladder. CHECK VALVE CLosesPump Stort-up Condition 1. Surge Suppressor is precharged to 85% of normal system pressure (Woter system is at rest, no flow exists.) 2. Pump storts against the stotic system. Pump flow enters the Surge ‘Suppressor ond compresses the precharge pressure {0 p,0r p._ 3. Pipeline flow steady state. SURGE SUPPRESSOR ‘85% Py (NORMAL) Reservor = -¥,=0 ~~ =0 ee Li} Py (NORMAL OPERATING) ay,Pumg wn, 1. System flowing at steady stote flowrate. Gos volume in Surge Suppressor is opproximotely 50% of the precharge volume. 2. Pump is shut-off. Pipe flow continues and Surge Suppressor discharges fluid to system -preventing column separation 3. All of the fluid in the Surge Suppressor is depleted. The fluid column hos reached zero velocity. 4. Pressure differentiol exists between pump discharge ond downstream of the Pipeline. This creates 0 reverse flow back towards the pump slamming the check volves closed. The Surge Suppressor absorbs the return fluid ond dampens the reverse flow waterhammer. TO SPRINKLERS1V. Stort-up Formula Derivation We, = WE, Pp ¢ WE, = Energy exerted by Pump on Fluid in System WE, = Energy cissipoted from Gos Compression Wey = (0, + 1) where: Ps = 14? Q5 = Pump stort flowrate Te = Time Constont = a v, = 2 Wee ue Pav vy where: vy * Accumulator Volume V2 = Compressed gos volume P= Gos pressure V2 14 P,Q, +1) Pav.