Professional Documents
Culture Documents
An Optimal Architecture of BCH Decoder PDF
An Optimal Architecture of BCH Decoder PDF
$Q2SWLPDO$UFKLWHFWXUHRI%&+'HFRGHU
1XU$KPDGL0+DVDQ6LURMXGGLLQ$'LSWD1DQGDYLUL7ULR$GLRQR
(OHFWULFDO(QJLQHHULQJ±%DQGXQJ,QVWLWXWHRI7HFKQRORJ\
*DQHVKD6WUHHW%DQGXQJ:HVW-DYD,QGRQHVLD
$EVWUDFW ± $Q RSWLPDO DUFKLWHFWXUH IRU GHFRGLQJ %&+ FRGH LV 7KLVFRGHFDQFRUUHFWDQ\HUURUSDWWHUQRIVL]HRUOHVVLQD
SUHVHQWHG LQ WKLV SDSHU 7KLV GHVLJQ XVHV D QHZ DUFKLWHFWXUH IRU FRGHYHFWRURIOHQJWK ൌ ʹ െ ͳ7KLVSDSHURQO\FRQVLGHUV
V\QGURPH FRPSXWDWLRQ WR DYRLG PXOWLSOLFDWLRQ RSHUDWLRQ D SULPLWLYHELQDU\%&+FRGHV
0RGLILHG 'LUHFW 6ROXWLRQ $OJRULWKP WR UHGXFH WKH WLPH DQG DUHD *HQHUDOO\ %&+ GHFRGHU FRQVLVWV RI IRXU EORFNV )LUVW
FRQVXPSWLRQDQLQYHUVHHUURUORFDWRUSRO\QRPLDOWRDYRLGLQYHUVH
RSHUDWLRQ LQ &KLHQ 6HDUFK D QHZ DUFKLWHFWXUH IRU &KLHQ 6HDUFK
EORFN LV 6\QGURPH &RPSXWDWLRQ ,W JHQHUDWHV V\QGURPH
DQG (UURU &RUUHFWLRQ XVLQJ )LQLWH )LHOG 0XOWLSOLHU ))0 FDOOHG SRO\QRPLDO6[XVHGLQWKHVHFRQGEORFN'HFRGLQJ$OJRULWKP
SRZHU))0DQGFRQVWDQW))0DQGDPDQLSXODWLRQELWPHWKRGWR 6HYHUDO DOJRULWKP VXFK DV %HUOHNDPS0DVVH\ %0 0RGLILHG
UHGXFHWKHQXPEHURI;25JDWHV (XFOLGHDQ 0( RU 3HWHUVRQ $OJRULWKP FDQ EH XVHG DV
GHFRGLQJDOJRULWKPWRVROYHDNH\HTXDWLRQIRUDQHUURUORFDWRU
.H\ZRUGV%&+'HFRGHU'LUHFW6ROXWLRQ$OJRULWKP)LQLWH)LHOG SRO\QRPLDO7KHQLQWKHWKLUGEORFNWKLVSRO\QRPLDOLVXVHGWR
0XOWLSOLHU&KLHQ6HDUFK ILQGRXWWKHHUURUORFDWLRQVXVLQJ&KLHQ6HDUFKPHWKRG)LQDOO\
(UURU &RUUHFWLRQEORFNFRUUHFWVELWHUURUVE\ IOLSSLQJWKHPDW
WKH HUURU ORFDWLRQV 6LQFH WKH GHFRGLQJ SURFHVV VROYLQJ NH\
, ,1752'8&7,21
HTXDWLRQLQYROYHVKLJKFRPSXWDWLRQDOFRPSOH[LW\LWDIIHFWVWKH
VSHHGDQGWKHKDUGZDUHFRPSOH[LW\RI%&+GHFRGHU
(UURU &RUUHFWLQJ &RGH LV YHU\ LPSRUWDQW LQ PRGHUQ
FRPPXQLFDWLRQ V\VWHPV 7ZR FRUUHFWLQJ FRGHV %&+ %RVH ,, $/*25,7+0'(6,*1
&KDXGKXULDQG+RFTXHQJKHPDQG565HHG6RORPRQFRGH
DUH EHLQJ ZLGHO\ XVHG LQ YDULHW\ RI FRPPXQLFDWLRQ V\VWHPV $ 6\QGURPH&RPSXWDWLRQ
VXFKDVVDWHOOLWHFRPPXQLFDWLRQVFRPSXWHUQHWZRUNVZLUHOHVV /HWܿሺݔሻGHQRWHV WUDQVPLWWHG FRGH SRO\QRPLDO 7KHQ WKH
V\VWHPVPDJQHWLFDQGRSWLFVWRUDJHV\VWHPV UHFHLYHGFRGHSRO\QRPLDOݎሺݔሻFDQEHUHSUHVHQWHGDV
7KLV SDSHU RQO\ FRQVLGHUV %&+ FRGH ZKLFK LV D ݎሺݔሻ ൌ ܿሺݔሻ ݁ሺݔሻ
JHQHUDOL]DWLRQRI+DPPLQJFRGHV,WFDQEHGHVLJQHGWREHDEOH ZKHUH݁ሺݔሻUHSUHVHQWVWKHHUURUFRGHSRO\QRPLDO7KHILUVWVWHS
WRFRUUHFWDQ\HUURUSDWWHUQRIVL]HWRUOHVV7KHGHVLJQPHWKRG LQ WKH GHFRGLQJ DOJRULWKP LV WR FDOFXODWHʹݐV\QGURPHVܵ E\
LVEDVHGRQWDNLQJ/&0RIDSSURSULDWHPLQLPDOSRO\QRPLDOVDV HYDOXDWLQJ WKH UHFHLYHG FRGH SRO\QRPLDOݎሺݔሻDWߙ 7KDW LV
GHVFULEHGLQWKHVHFWLRQEHORZ WKHHTXDWLRQFDQEHZULWWHQDV
$ FRGHZRUG ሺܿ ǡ ܿଵ ǡ ǥ ǡ ܿିଵ ሻ RI D F\FOLF FRGH FDQ EH ܵ ൌ ݎሺߙ ሻ ൌ σିଵ
ୀ ݎ ሺߙ ሻ IRUͳ ݅ ʹ ݐ
UHSUHVHQWHG DV WKH SRO\QRPLDO ܿሺݔሻ ൌ ܿ ܿଵ ݔଵ ڮ
ZKHUHߙLV D URRW RI SULPLWLYH SRO\QRPLDOሺݔሻ ൌ ݔସ ݔ ͳ
ܿିଵ ݔିଵ 7KLV FRUUHVSRQGHQFH LV YHU\ KHOSIXO DV WKH
DQG ݐൌ ʹ KHQFH D SULPLWLYH HOHPHQW LQ *) :H FDQ DOVR
PDWHPDWKLFDO EDFNJURXQG RI SRO\QRPLDOV LV ZHOO GHYHORSHG
GHILQH6\QGURPH3RO\QRPLDODV
DQGVRWKLVUHSUHVHQWDWLRQXVHGKHUH
,WLVIUHTXHQWO\FRQYHQLHQWWRGHILQHHUURUFRUUHFWLQJFRGHV ܵሺݔሻ ൌ σଶ௧ିଵ
ୀ ܵାଵ ݔ
LQ WHUPV RI WKH JHQHUDWRU SRO\QRPLDO J[ 7KH JHQHUDWRU
SRO\QRPLDO RI DݐHUURU FRUUHFWLQJ %&+ FRGH LV GHILQHG WR EH % )LQLWH)LHOG0XOWLSOLHU
/HDVW&RPPRQ0XOWLSOH/&0RIII«IWWKDWLV 7KHILQLWHILHOGHOHPHQWPXOWLSOLHUSOD\VDQLPSRUWDQWUROH
J[ /&0^II«IW` LQ WKH 9/6, LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI %&+ 'HFRGHU 7KH
ZKHUH IM LV WKH PLQLPDO SRO\QRPLDO RI ĮL MW FRQVLGHU FRPSXWDWLRQ WLPLQJ DQG WKH FKLS FRPSOH[LW\ GHSHQGV RQ WKH
EHORZ/HWIMMWEHDPLQLPDOSRO\QRPLDORIĮLWKHQIM GHVLJQ RI WKH )LQLWH )LHOG 0XOWLSOLHU ))0 7KLV SDSHU XVHV
LVREWDLQHGE\ ))0GHVLJQHGE\+DQKR/HH>@IRU*),WFRQVLVWVRIWZR
ଶ
SURFHGXUHVPXOWLSOLFDWLRQDQGPRGXODUUHGXFWLRQ7KHUHDUHQR
݂ ሺݔሻ ൌ ςିଵ
ୀ ሺ ݔ ߚ ሻ GDWDGHSHQGHQFLHVLQERWKSURFHGXUHVVRWKH\FDQEHFRPSXWHG
ZKHUHߚ ൌ ߙ ܽ݊݀ߚ ଶ ൌ ߚ SDUDOOHOUHVSHFWLYHO\
$FFRUGLQJWRWKHWKHRUHP>@݁ ݉Ǥ 6LQFHWKHUHDUHVHYHUDOSDUWVLQRXUGHVLJQZKLFKXVH))0
)RUDQ\SRVLWLYHLQWHJHUPDQGWPWKHUHH[LVWVD HVSHFLDOO\ LQ &KLHQ 6HDUFK QHZ HTXDWLRQV DUH GHULYHG IURP
ELQDU\%&+FRGHQNZLWKWKHIROORZLQJSURSHUWLHV IXOO\ SDUDOOHO ))0 WR SHUIRUP WKHP 7KHVH QHZ HTXDWLRQV DUH
ൌʹȂͳ OHQJWKRIFRGHZRUGLQELWV QDPHG SRZHU ))0 3))0 DQG &RQVWDQW ))0 3))0 $OO
HUURUFRUUHFWLRQFDSDELOLW\ WKHVHHTXDWLRQVFDQEHVHHQLQWKH7DEOH,
tȂ QXPEHURILQIRUPDWLRQELWV
ʹͳ PLQLPXPKDPPLQJGLVWDQFH 7$%/(,
(48$7,212)32:(5&2167$1'))029(5*)
V E
,Q
ĮL ĮL
,Q
6
V
ĮL ĮL
,Q
6
ĮL ĮL E
,Q
6
V [
ĮL ĮL
)LJ3URSRVHG0RGLILHG
G'LUHFW6ROXWLRQDOJRULWKP
[¶
' &KLHQ6HDUFKDQG(UURU& &RUUHFWLRQ&6(&
V V
V 7KH &KLHQ 6HDUFK DQG (UURU ( &RUUHFWLRQ EORFN LV WKH
)LJ3URSRVHG6\QGURPH&RPSXWDWLRQDDUFKLWHFWXUH ELJJHVW DUHD DQG WLPLQJ FRQVXP PSWLRQ 6R ZH GR RSWLPL]DWLRQ
UHSHDWHGO\WRREWDLQWKHRSWLPDOOGHVLJQ7KHVLJQDOݖ௦ DQGݖ LV
0RGLILHG 'LUHFW 6ROXWLRQ DOJRULWKP XXVHG LQ WKLV SDSHU WKH RXWSXW IURP FRQWURO XQLW WR R LQGLFDWH ]HUR V\QGURPHܵሺݔሻ
QHHGV GLYLVLRQ 7KLV RSHUDWLRQ FDQ LQFUHDVHH FULWLFDO SDWK DQG ݖ௦ DQG ]HURܾሺݔሻݖ ,Iݖ௦ ൌ ͳWKHQ QR HUURU RFFXUV LQ WKH
DUHD FRQVXPSWLRQ 7R VROYH FULWLFDO SDWKK SUREOHP LQYHUVH UHFHLYHG SRO\QRPLDO FRGH GXH WRܵ௫ ൌ Ͳ ,Iݖ ൌ ͳWKHQ RQO\
520DQGPXOWLSOLHULVXVHG RQH HUURU RFFXUV LQ WKH UHFHLY YHG SRO\QRPLDO FRGH :H XVH
(TFDQEHZULWWHQDV PXOWLSOH[HUWRVHOHFWRULJLQDOELLWQRHUURUIRXQGRUFRUUHFWLRQ
ܵ ELW HUURU IRXQG ,I WKHUH LV RQ
QO\ RQH HUURU IRXQGሺ ݐൌ ͳሻ LW
ܾሺݔሻ ൌ ሺ ݔଶ ܵଵ ݔ൬ܵଵ ͵൰ PHDQVWKHURRWLVܵଵ ,IWKHUHDUUHHUURUVIRXQGሺ ݐൌ ʹሻ&KLHQ
ܵͳ
% )LQLWH)LHOG0XOWLSOLHU 6HDUFKLVXVHGWRILQGRXWHUURUORFDWLRQVDQGWKHQFRUUHFWWKHP
E\IOLSSLQJWKHFRUUHVSRQGLQJELLWHUURUV
7RLPSOHPHQWWKHDUFKLWHFWXUHRI))0 $1'JDWHVDQG 7R UHGXFH WKH FULWLFDO SDWWK SLSHOLQHG UHJLVWHU PXVW EH
;25 JDWHV DUH QHHGHG 7KH DUFKLWHFWXUUH RI ))0 FDQ EH DGGHG WR WKH VHOHFWRU RI WKH RX XWSXW ,W FDQ UHGXFH WKH FULWLFDO
GHVFULEHGLQ)LJ SDWKVLJQLILFDQWO\
7R UHGXFH WKH FRPSOH[LW\ RI FRPSXXWDWLRQ DQG WLPLQJ 7R REWDLQ WKH RSWLPDO GHVLJQ WKH DUFKLWHFWXUH RI WKH
FRQVXPSWLRQRIWKH))0FRQVWDQW))0&))0LVHPSOR\HG FRQVWDQW))0KDVWREHRSWLPLL]HGE\UHGXFLQJWKHQXPEHURI
LQWRFKLHQVHDUFKGHVLJQ&RQVWDQW)00LVGGHULYHGXVLQJVDPH LWV ;25 JDWH ,Q 7DEOH , ZH FDQ VHH WKDW WKH FRHIILFLHQW RI
ZD\ DV IXOO\ SDUDOOHO ))0 GHULYDWLRQ 6HH 7DEOH , 7KLV FRQVWDQW))0KDYHWKHVDPHSDDWWHUQEHWZHHQWKHHTXDWLRQDQG
GHULYHGGHVLJQFDQVDYHDUHDDQGWLPLQJGXH HDFK RWKHU %\ WKLV ZD\ WKH QXPEHU RI ;25 JDWHV FDQ EH
WRFRQYHQWLRQDOIXOO\SDUDOOHO))0DUFKLWHFWXXUH UHGXFHG E\ UHGXFLQJ WKH VDPH SDWWHUQ FRHIILFLHQW 7R UHSODFH
))0EORFNܿ DQGEORFNܾ LVX XVHGDVFDQEHVHHQLQ)LJ
)LUVWZHQHHGWRDVVLJQWKHHSDWWHUQWRDIL[HGVLJQDODVFDQ
EHVHHQLQ7DEOH,DQG,,7KLVLP PSURYHPHQWOHDGVWRUHGXFHWKH
QXPEHURI;25JDWH7KHVL]HR RILQSXWܾଵ LVELWVܾଵ ሾͲǤ Ǥ͵ሿ
E EWL
=E =V
E FL
6 ĮL 6
*)
)LJ)XOO\SDUDOOHOPXOWLSOLHURYHU* ,QL
2XWL
a,QL
& 0RGLILHG'LUHFW6ROXWLRQ$OJRULWKP0' 0'6
7RJHQHUDWHHUURUORFDWRUSRO\QRPLDOVLL[RIPXOWLSOLFDWLYH
RSHUDWLRQVDUHQHHGHG7KHVHFDQEHLPSOHP PHQWHGXVLQJ)LQLWH
)LJ3URSRVHGVWUHQJWKUHGXFHGSLSHHOLQHGSDUDOOHO&6(&ZLWKRSWLPL]DWLRQ
)LHOG0XOWLSOLHU))0
7KH 'LUHFW 6ROXWLRQ DOJRULWKP DUFKLWHFWWXUH LQ FDQ EH 7$%/(,,
VLPSOLILHG DV H[SODLQHG LQ DQG 7KH LPSURYHG $/$66,*10(17)25&L
'(),1,7,212)6,*1$
DUFKLWHFWXUHFDQEHVHHQLQ)LJ 6LJQDO 'HILQLWLRQDVVLJQPHQW
'
D E>@ EW EĮ E>@ E>@ aE>@ aE>@
D E>@ EW EĮ
aE>@ aE>@ E>@ E>@
D E>@ EĮ E>@ aE>@ E>@ aE>@
EW
D E>@
EW EĮ E>@ aE>@ aE>@ aE>@
D DD
EW EĮ aE>@ aE>@ aE>@ aE>@
D DD
EW EĮ aE>@ E>@ E>@ aE>@
D DD
D DD EW EĮ E>@ E>@ aE>@ E>@
D DD EW EĮ aE>@ E>@ E>@ E>@
D DD EW EĮ E>@ aE>@ aE>@ E>@
D DD EW EĮ
aE>@ E>@ aE>@ aE>@
D DD
D DD EW EĮ aE>@ E>@ aE>@ E>@
D DD EW EĮ
aE>@ aE>@ aE>@ E>@
D DD
EW EĮ aE>@ aE>@ E>@ aE>@
7$%/(,,,
6,*1$/$66,*10(17)25%/2&.&L ( &RQWURO8QLW&8
6LJQDO&>@ 'HILQLWLRQ &>@ &>@ &>@ &>@ 7R SHUIRUP RXU GHFRGHU V\VWHP ZH HPSOR\ D VLPSOH
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙ D D D D FRQWUROXQLWEORFNWKDWFDQVXSSRUWHUURUFRUUHFWLRQ,IWKHUH LV
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙଵ D D D D QR HUURU LQݎሺݔሻ WKHQ WKH YDOXH RI 6 DQG 6 LV ]HUR ,I RQO\
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙ ଶ D D D D RQHHUURURFFXUVWKHQܾ RIHUURUORFDWRUSRO\QRPLDOLV]HUR,I
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙ ଷ D D D D WZR HUURU RFFXUV WKHQܾ Ǩ ൌ Ͳ 7KH DUFKLWHFWXUH LV VKRZQ LQ
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙ ସ D D D D
)LJ
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙ ହ D D D D
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙ D D D D
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙ D D D D
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙ ଼ D D D D
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙ ଽ D D D D
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙଵ D D D D
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙଵଵ D D D D
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙଵଶ D D D D
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙଵଷ D D D D
& ܾଵ Ǥ ߙଵସ D D D D )LJ&RQWUROXQLWEORFNGLDJUDP
7R ILQG RXW WKH URRWV RI SRO\QRPLDOV HDFK HOHPHQW LQ ,9 +$5':$5(,03/(0(17$7,21
*) KDV WR EH HYDOXDWHG 6LQFH WKHUH DUH HOHPHQWV ZH
QHHG VLJQDO &±& WR IRUP &L EORFN 7KH DVVLJQPHQW LV $ 6\VWHP$UFKLWHFWXUH
GHWHUPLQHGEDVHGRQFRHIILFLHQWSDWWHUQRI))0 7KH SURSRVHG DUFKLWHFWXUH LQ )LJ SHUIRUP D QHZ
)RU H[DPSOH LI WKH YDOXH RI ܾଵ LV WKHQ WKH ELW V\QGURPH FRPSXWDWLRQ WR DYRLG PXOWLSOLFDWLRQ RSHUDWLRQ D
UHSUHVHQWDWLRQLVܾଵ ሾ͵Ǥ ǤͲሿ ൌ ሾܽ͵ǡ ܽʹǡ ܽͳǡ ܽͲሿ ൌ ሾͲͳͲͳሿ6RWKH 0RGLILHG 'LUHFW 6ROXWLRQ $OJRULWKP DQ LQYHUVH HUURU ORFDWRU
SRO\QRPLDODQGDQHZDUFKLWHFWXUHIRU&KLHQ6HDUFKDQG(UURU
YDOXHRIܾଵ Ǥ ߙ ͳ ൌ ܥଵ ൌ ሾʹǡ ͳǡ ܽͲ͵ǡ ܽ͵ሿ ൌ ሾͳͲͳͲሿ
&RUUHFWLRQXVLQJELWPDQLSXODWLRQPHWKRG
7KH LQSXW RI ܾ FDQ EH WUDQVIRUPHG WR SHUIRUP DQ
RSWLPL]HG FRPSXWDWLRQ E\ PDQLSXODWLQJ LWV ELWV $V ZH NQRZ
WKHHUURUORFDWRUSRO\QRPLDOLVGHILQHGDV
ܾሺݔሻ ൌ ݔଶ ܾଵ ݔ ܾ
6R WKH YDOXH RI ܾ ݔଶ FDQ EH FRPSXWHG LQ SDUDOOHO
FRPSXWDWLRQE\WUDQVIRUPLQJWKHELWVRIܾ
,I ݔLV WKH HOHPHQW RI *) DQG ߙ ൌ ߙ ǡ ߙଵ ǡ ǥ ǡ ߙଵସ WKHQ
ݔଶ ൌ ߙ ʹ݅ ൌ ߙ Ͳ ǡ ߙ ʹ ǡ ǥ ǡ ߙ ͳͶ ǡ ߙ ͳ ǡ ߙ ͵ ǡ ǥ ǡ ߙ ͳ͵
7$%/(,9
6,*1$/$66,*10(17)25%/2&.E75$16)250('
6LJQDO 'HILQLWLRQ ELW>@ ELW>@ ELW>@ ELW>@
EW EĮ E>@ E>@ E>@ aE>@
EW EĮ
E>@ aE>@ E>@ E>@
)LJ3URSRVHG%&+GHFRGHUEORFNGLDJUDP
% 3HUIRUPDQFHDQG&RPSDULVRQ 9 &21
1&/86,21
7KLV VHFWLRQ SURYLGHV WKH SHUIRUPDDQFH LPSURYHPHQW
UHFRUGRIWKHSURSRVHGGHVLJQDQGWKHFRPSDDULVRQDPRQJWKHP 7KLVGHVLJQKDVWKUHHFORFN NVODWHQF\VLQFHLWFRQVLVWVRI
LQ WHUPV RI DUHD DQG FULWLFDO SDWK :H XXVH 'HVLJQ 9LVLRQ VWDJH SLSHOLQH DQG WKURXJK KSXW ELWVFORFN RU
6\QRSV\V ZLWK 760& ȝ OLEUDU\ WR V\QWWKHVL]H WKH GHVLJQ *LJDELWVVHFRQG ZLWK PD[LPXP P FORFN IUHTXHQF\ *+]
+HUHDUHWKHUHVXOW 7KLV GHVLJQ FDQ VDYH DUHD FR
RQVXPSWLRQ XS WR DQG
81,7B$5($ ;25 JDWHV ȝP LPSURYH VSHHG XS WR VDYHV FULWLFDO SDWK XS WR
81,7B'(/$< QVVWDJHV QV
7KHUH DUH VL[ PDMRU DUFKLWHFWXUH PRGGLILFDWLRQV WKDW ZH 5()(5
5(1&(
KDYHGRQHWRLPSURYHWKHVSHHGDQGWRUHGXFFHWKHDUHD
%&+GHFRGHUDUFKLWHFWXUHXVLQJIXOOO\SDUDOOHO))0 >@ 6RQ /H1JRF DQG =KHQSHQJ <RXQJ
< $Q $SSURDFK WR 'RXEOH (UURU
&RUUHFWLQJ5HHG6RORPRQ'HFRG GLQJ:LWKRXW&KLHQ6HDUFK
%&+ GHFRGHU DUFKLWHFWXUH XVLQJ SRZHU DQG FRQVWDQW >@ :DQJ =KHQJ )HQJ +XDL<L +VVXDQG $Q<HX :X $ 9HU\ /RZ&RVW
))0 0XOWL0RGH 5HHG6RORPRQ 'HFFRGHU %DVHG RQ 3HWHUVRQ*RUHQVWHLQ
'HVLJQQRXVLQJSLSHOLQHGSDUDOOHOOFKLHQVHDUFK =LHUOHU$OJRULWKP
'HVLJQQRXVLQJ0RGLILHG'LUHFW 6ROXWLRQDOJRULWKP >@ +DQKR /HH +LJK6SHHG 9/6, $UFKLWHFWXUH
$ IRU 3DUDOOHO 5HHG6RORPRQ
'HFRGHU
'HVLJQQRXVLQJVWUHQJWKUHGXFHGGSLSHOLQHGSDUDOOHO >@ 6KX /LQ (UURU &RQWURO &RGLLQJ )XQGDPHQWDOV DQG $SSOLFDWLRQV
FKLHQVHDUFK (QJOHZRRG&OLIIV1-3UHQWLFH+ +DOO
'HVLJQ QR ZLWK RSWLPL]DWLRQ RQ Q VWUHQJWKUHGXFHG >@ - & 0RUHLUD DQG 3 * )DUUHOOO (VVHQWLDOV RI (UURU&RQWURO &RGLQJ
SLSHOLQHGSDUDOOHOFKLHQVHDUFKSURSSRVHGGHVLJQ -RKQ:LOH\ 6RQV/WG
>@ 5 + 0RUHORV=DUDJR]D 7KH $UW$ RI (UURU &RUUHFWLQJ &RGLQJ -RKQ
:LOH\ 6RQV/WG
>@ 6 $ 9DQVWRQH DQG 3 & 9DQ Q 2RUVFKRW $Q ,QWURGXFWLRQ WR (UURU
&RUUHFWLQJ &RGHV :LWK $SSOLFFDWLRQV .OXZHU $FDGHPLF 3XEOLVKHUV
ƌĞĂŽŵƉĂƌŝƐŽŶ
>@ 0RRQ7RRG.(UURU&RUUHFWLR RQ&RGLQJ0DWKHPDWLFDO0HWKRGVDQG
$OJRULWKP-RKQ:LOH\ 6RQV/ /WG1-
ϲ ϯϵϯ͘ϰϯ >@ 5 ( %ODKXW $OJHEUDLF &RGHVV )RU 'DWD 7UDQVPLVVLRQ &DPEULGJH
ϱ ϰϯϳ 8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV
ϰ ϱϮϳ͘ϳϭ
ϯ ϱϯϰ͘ϭϰ
Ϯ ϲϱϬ͘ϴϲ
ϭ ϮϮϮϮϳ͘ϴϲ
ƌŝƚŝĐĂůWĂƚŚŽŵƉĂƌŝƐŽ
ŽŶ
ϲ ϲ͘ϯϴ
ϱ ϳ͘Ϭϲ
ϰ ϳ͘ϮϮ
ϯ ϳ͘ϳϯ
Ϯ ϭϬ͘͘ϰϮ
ϭ ϭϭ͘ϱϵ
)LJ1RUPDOL]HGDUHDDQGFULWLFDOSDWKFRPSDULVRRQRIVHYHUDO%&+
DUFKLWHFWXUHV