Ed Amplituote meacutation : AMPLITUDE — MebULATIOY eine eee De Tr amptitute mocetation, the amp litace of carrier eigral k varied by the adel tang £igrals there, enfor mation digral ae the Ciera) Aignal and high feeeney Aignal which 4 ees moetutatd is Llu cauten dignal Jorumaty, AM i ofertas ay ctere of mocutation £0 whith the éntkantanedd vale of the casein amphitucte charge 2p aceerclence untth the ampltute op tht modulating ae gral Aeoking ot 7g: ar ewe Can 4te that ¢he frequency Of tHe canto Aignal peemains eon stant eee] enodutatiog psoci+ bet ike amp Ulu YUM br ace ptclancs awtth Lhe Se qual. Tie olorrain Ducipzion (rime Doman ) Whe Antdarddnecss valuss oy Aigrat ano a modulating eatin signal ann be 7 ep rcentioh Ct Ginen below. Pata rt erect tess f 2 le es ae cers? 4égnal mntt do Arn 08 (0A nt a ©aone le -4one modotutatton’ Wk. T Slt) = Ac cos tart, 1)4 Ae cos (a7de- artm)t z -4Ae cos (and 4 fn It 2 fourter transform of Gt) ts SCAD= BASH) 4S (4a dT +4 4 Ae [Sl Ae tn) ¢ 4 (fe tet$my. 1G UM [LE fe ttt £44 te] ~ - Thus the Spectium ef an AM ware, tov Cpe a cae o. / feritolctal mootlation con site of clelda ee metvage 4 : : 7 ere wotelen be ClDo tro bac We molt) i) nl mit? -to © tro mo wa cw) (BD ; {| t 3 fe ee 6 lee a gy 7 ed st) v pr 4 ve” sb * . RTE go te haw daw te Ter ? ere oy Bry! imme ofrequarey* ad time clomatn § frequency Ahomatn character csfi Engle fone Of moctuutatral ware Precticecet bg so" a_iee time clomain waveform for arn pletucle mociulated Uaveforr> with 44 lece than unity’ As shown én 199.3, positive g negative Peaks Of the carrier waveform are inter connect é é é tthe txoct with an imaginary tine +o ve create Shope e} re ctutating ségnal- thu trmagénard Ure on the carréer waveform vc known ac the envelope, and it (6 came ae moctutating «grat OB Ampltote nocdistgkad pvre- Aman § Amin VePracend the ™Marinnr MEnimeim Um ane values 5 envelo Th f pen em posh pu & Lo Meckelateo oare. we ger Am, a he = Fee Cle ua) oe i Bo rrays @> Win = Aa Ch.) 12. / Amar earn 2a — A = G+ ren —7 — © Zea Alena - Maa © Aman 4 4A mén, Dellei ~4(Amay+ Amen) = Amin~ Amar: he max - Amat 5 Suen Amin gy Amar +t Amin Senet of Over modulation OVER MODULATION SN previous example we have cern that corey, Meatidtatton inoty és "23, amplitucte Motil kel ee THE olittortion be Coase to Ove” m9 dustert on - ok Wave Over moctutatcon taleer Place when Me clulates py tanta, < © cesok |, omen” Fen bh Fes Pn Over moctitated 4? Ltoave or Pore Port of time, Om plitecce Ae 310 eines Mung anes time, Carrie, amp hksole of gral. BO Pe Pore ee, arp letucte mo 4 Ly ( of tee a) “9nal. sy “E4ilts rp eg of $rfov maken, Cn Arg ett A ene: the Over MOL ulate, ee SVE ola ower yelatkon, , a) et Po ER -KELATION Pew relations ¢,, 171 waree Hower 2 A wave hea, three component: “9 m0 eliclakea/ COV re ey 2. loutr eroee hanot 3. CPP tio, oct. be Thevedove total Power of 47 ewoave no . ower Pe a it tum of Carrier P hile,Powers én two tice hanectt Purp anol Prog. 2t u given a4 PR. 5 =P 4 Poin 4 Prem average carrier pocver = Riu Character &: dy reer Abe inapectones ef Ordenna tn whith ~arhe eeoer 2 P (8 ee pated « eats] "Average. D wew P' Portion tote Gamcme tan Ae ge fven aa P 468 = Reg. iE 2 - 2 He Ae? CB 82 average potal power fe ’ ee * Folat< Ae? turn? 2 oe “ee ae Le = Ae2 > £ 4 ot, “SS Prato ~ cLPst ©inhi lL power 0f amplitucte This equ: velatet total pow t Pp i 4 Moctulateoct cwoave ewith power of enmd lula Carriér- The moximunn powible value of min amp Litucle mocutatecl wave eo, therefore trom above equ it can be Cen that. rrax: fodal PO user of omplitucle Mocuslatesl wave UNS P, Using above equ WE Can vepretent moctutatdon rolex én terme of PP eR Ok. 7 Frotal 2 le yg? ss = Pr 3 aq rca = erat . 5 Te t= Of Botas (2s © Awe — 7 Pa ng Variatons OS carréer Potwocor nk totat é. = . Sols bart power cucth Percen tage MOcielation. Ae Shown en 7 at enon (Nev cog eg br a farrier power AVEO, fave oi Moctulation se ee eee entreates.° Carrey}. € \ 23 su Prantage of totot traninittect Pourey S ° Peruntage moctutatiogy, Bo ay varvatlans °d carreey Power 2 pral bole banot Power with *), Moelulatinn, Effective veltog 8 Current dor sinvetoretal am ewe can calerctate power le cipatl én loackin thy ee way « Pe Axi — & Pe A? fp @ Pe Fre. -€ oe voltage ef the Meese, ON ag ontenne tell Ls a ee valu elec ane p %etielanc, “the charocter. of entennag, MEG above velation COM write — power PFE’ berry ey voltage Toltours co-k Yrotoe = Pe ('* 4") s = aAer 2 ['4+40) > Ae C tea) = A l4#q2. . IE _ ey we hove ceen dor to oo . ano Power Mele eitr x Ain < finutoigal AM wave bet, ft cy SOF Oren f mere that Hu eel to meactive i vertage at the ontinna. Ae mo vetult, the +fireg 400 formutaoe are So Alea by, Prantl bey MCLuUve re mt; . Curreng tn an onterna b6 paccey YO MALE been sete Alluvak Vaclio~ Fr eg tesney Clurreng eters ay, PVallaben . THevedore 4y Merng théral ftermutal P92 2) tolth enon andenno Qa Antena, Hoy active tic, Curren, VeLittance. ot cen fasiey Calclats Power - Aike a relation, 7, COry Coy [Power CUare POS Arg Pouxr, ee py Current aie 40 Orr ley OS current icy oo Complete 409 euave et ees corte, Fs, the einmootalated CP Be F Peotay cs the portal or Moectulat a Cliveny Of YIP tvantrnitter. Deliwk T 4 > a otal = Crrar) xR le Cee . ve Power The relation bhwy cavreer Power g AF ware p fan be hire ast Pp a | (44e, Pe 2 (tot Y xR iene = le 2 / CED xp ay, Dee andl Le ov - a = The above equ Gives relation Aho total AD eee Bae, ANP OAuhated carvycey ahove £4, we current 4 &P berm can of total AM Curren’ BOE UN Bale laked Cur end? vepretend OCA ex, aces Correa, we have,——— cc 7 ie dt a. total = a 2 Jtotal \ ? ute J a) ae a oe Ue fof Fee or] a SEVERAL SINE Waver Loaves Moectulatton ey SMreral gine ne re OP Fe a Procter there Can be Move than one Cette ting tg nals, het ae ies | Te oe two Dideeitontorg onal M1 tt D2 Am, 26 Wet eo: Pins cox “Om, &- total ects tating eg ral > NAD + wag bh) = Am, Aenea Ams £iNWm, yp ana LCt de Ce 1 Arm C06 Uppy jt 4 Am, Ac (444, C01W0 ry, jee cor b, £7 st) COs et rat 7, Ia, t) eoru, p @ H Ceosa-py_ COHTA TET coe Ret, OE He cos lian sug, 4 BAe C08 Coe 4 wm D4 —& = nrSe rr ee cf ‘ é a et IDur $0 with f30 rmectulating tigratt we 9g a ecletitional frequencies, two upper silt banct freq Chaeh, anat +e ++) ane two lower sicehond Prequeres 4 le, Be Ae fre) © Aeeimrtng Wnt) 2m, Oe aan olynes frog: cpectrera 21 AM wave tn frey homatn a6 &n Beg. ae wohl oa ele ie aa, abhe|y Fetine Ea FoHom tet Pg oe Pr equaneg Speetruns of AM with~two Ricasa,) gnats: Total porcer tn Ara ware can he Giver aa. Motat = Pe 4 2oen) t Poin, 7 Yan, 7 regs = Gsie 4 Lt 2 Ack 2 2. ge + UA 4 Ha Ae? 4 1g? age ae 2P 2F> where A= WrbetetlaXOr treter foe fired Mractistatirg steno. 4b = moetulation inolox for teconcd " n | 2> Charactercs tie vecictanes of antenna. Frotat = Aer fit ay ee 5. - 1 4 Ab 2 aPC My att tip 4 tg? ee 24 4y2 4a" ae . oR frege 97 _ @ . Dell meena— tell Oe > Total mootetation telex can be Caleuta: ten Cork the equ for Priya, for one octalatirg Signat F4 iy geen a4 2 Yotal > Pe ( 42) Oe pain MOY thu equ 4y CL ay énctad Of LY andu,. Lor move than One mi) signals, equ: Atcomes. Hota > Pe fo “447 ]: low tay te ery) above equ 8S e4u of fotal power for pup moolulate ng signals Om Gets Her > 44,2 2 oO 4 Ahn 2 a — a Hae 04 wus Jaa 2 oekee, Yt tH? 4 Lin os ® : Total WOctulatid,, tnolen ay 7 ee than / equal 4, Untty - A More 1 lece EEI Qreneva tion of AM wave GENE RATION oF AM sil deaaalls eee aly The techniques fo Generate AM wave ave! how level moolutatian 2 age bevel mooctutation tm Cour level moatatation Cechmique, the genevotion Of Fm ade. rtaleu plat en inihval stage of Soplication fe, ola tow power levels The Jereratol Dra goal es Om p Loft cok “ting no- of amplifier flages~ an na * level motulatipn -Mmbecilaton tales Plow en final 44 og ef a™ PLY cx or < FOP sr gatas tatiirs ccm) ca ee Ai9Gh power py example ,if tr anceroleey “os 4 and Moolulaton roux ce / then Moat latter Power & BDO W- 633+), of CON ormi ttov PORN The mooteitator Civ cet y must ye abe to puliver euch high power