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‫ﺗ ﺄ ﺛ ﻴ ﺮ ا ﻟ ﺠ ﺴ ﻴ ﻤ ﺎ ت ا ﻟ ﻨ ﺎ ﻧ ﻮ ﻳ ﺔ وا ﻻ ﻋ ﺘ ﻴ ﺎ د ﻳ ﺔ ﻋ ﻠ ﻰ ﺧ ﻮا ص ﻃ ﺒ ﻘ ﺔ ﺗ ﺄ ﺳ ﻴ ﺲ‬
‫ د را ﺳ ﺔ ﻣ ﻘ ﺎ ر ﻧ ﺔ‬: ‫ا ﻟ ﻄ ﺮ ﻳ ﻖ‬

Article in Journal of engineering sciences · April 2017

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Ahmed Mancy Mosa

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 ‫‪411‬‬
‫‪Journal of Engineering Sciences‬‬
‫‪Assiut University‬‬
‫‪Faculty of Engineering‬‬
‫‪Vol. 45‬‬
‫‪No. 4‬‬
‫‪July 2017‬‬
‫‪PP. 411 – 421‬‬

‫تأثير انجسيمات اننانوية واالعتيادية عهى خواص طبقة تأسيس انطريق‪ :‬دراسة مقارنة‬
‫احمذ منسي موسى‬
‫لغُ اٌ‪ٕٙ‬ذعخ اٌّذٔ‪١‬خ؛ وٍ‪١‬خ إٌّظ‪ٛ‬س اٌغبِؼخ؛ ثغذاد؛ اٌؼشاق‬
‫‪Received 12 March 2017; Accepted 26 April 2017‬‬

‫انخالصة‪:‬‬
‫ر‪ٙ‬ذف اٌذساعخ اٌذساعخ اٌؾبٌ‪١‬خ اٌ‪ ٝ‬اٌّمبسٔخ ث‪ ٓ١‬ربص‪١‬ش اٌغغ‪ّ١‬بد إٌبٔ‪٠ٛ‬خ ‪ٔٚ‬ظ‪١‬شر‪ٙ‬ب االػز‪١‬بد‪٠‬خ ػٍ‪ ٝ‬خ‪ٛ‬اص‬
‫ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك‪ٌ .‬زؾم‪١‬ك غشع اٌذساعخ رُ أزخبة ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٔٚ ٞٛ‬ظ‪١‬شٖ االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬و‪ٙٔٛ‬ب‬
‫ثذائً ؽذ‪٠‬ضخ ف‪ ٟ‬رؾغ‪ ٓ١‬خ‪ٛ‬اص اٌّ‪ٛ‬اد االٔشبئ‪١‬خ‪ .‬وّب رُ أزخبة رشثخ ِٓ ِذ‪ٕ٠‬خ ثغذاد ‪ٚ‬رُ ِؼبٌغز‪ٙ‬ب ثبعزخذاَ‬
‫عشػبد ِخزٍفخ ِٓ اٌّؼبف اٌّمزشػ ثٕ‪ٛ‬ػ‪ ٗ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ٌ ٞ‬ذساعخ اٌزغ‪١‬ش اٌؾبطً ف‪ ٟ‬خ‪ٛ‬اط‪ٙ‬ب‬
‫اٌ‪ٕٙ‬ذع‪١‬خ‪ٚ .‬رؼّٕذ اٌذساعخ اعشاء فؾ‪ٛ‬ص ِخزجش‪٠‬خ ٌٍّمبسٔخ ث‪ ٓ١‬خ‪ٛ‬اص اٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ ‪ٚ‬اٌّؾغٕخ‬
‫ثبٌّؼبف إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬وزٌه اٌّؾغٕخ ثبٌّؼبف االػز‪١‬بد‪ .ٞ‬ثشىً اعبع‪ٟ‬؛ رُ اػزّبد فؾض ٔغجخ رؾًّ‬
‫وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب ‪ٚ‬فؾض االٔزفبؿ ‪ٚ‬فؾض االٔؼغبؽ صالص‪ ٟ‬اٌّؾب‪ٚ‬س ثبٌؾًّ اٌّزىشس‪ٚ .‬ث‪ٕ١‬ذ إٌزبئظ رف‪ٛ‬ق اٌّؼبف‬
‫إٌبٔ‪ ٞٛ‬ػٍ‪ٔ ٝ‬ظ‪١‬شٖ االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬ف‪ ٟ‬رؾغ‪ ٓ١‬خ‪ٛ‬اص اٌزشثخ‪ .‬ثؼذ رٌه؛ رُ اعشاء فؾض اٌم‪ٛ‬ح اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ‬
‫‪ٚ‬فؾ‪ٛ‬ص االشؼخ اٌغ‪١ٕ١‬خ ٌزج‪ ٓ١‬اٌزفبػالد اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪١‬خ اٌز‪ ٟ‬اع‪ّٙ‬ذ ف‪ ٟ‬رغ‪١١‬ش خ‪ٛ‬اص اٌزشثخ‪ٚ .‬ث‪ٕ١‬ذ رٍه اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص‬
‫ص‪٠‬بدح ػبٌ‪١‬خ ف‪ ٟ‬لٍ‪٠ٛ‬خ اٌزشثخ ػٕذ اػبفخ اٌّؼبف اٌ‪ٙ١‬ب ‪ٚ‬وزٌه ث‪ٕ١‬ذ ‪ٚ‬ع‪ٛ‬د رفبػالد ِؤصشح و‪ٔٛ‬ذ ِشوت‬
‫٘‪١‬ذساد عٍ‪١‬ىبد اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬اٌز‪ ٟ‬شىٍذ س‪ٚ‬اثؾ ل‪٠ٛ‬خ ث‪ ٓ١‬عغ‪ّ١‬بد اٌزشثخ صادد ِٓ ِزبٔز‪ٙ‬ب‪ .‬وّب ث‪ٕ١‬ذ ٔزبئظ‬
‫اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪١‬خ اْ اعزخذاَ اٌّؼبف إٌبٔ‪٠ ٞٛ‬ؤد‪ ٞ‬اٌ‪ ٝ‬رفبػً اوضش ؽذح ِٓ اعزخذاَ ٔظ‪١‬شٖ االػز‪١‬بد‪ٞ‬‬
‫‪٘ٚ‬زا ساعغ اٌ‪ ٝ‬اٌخ‪ٛ‬اص اٌفش‪٠‬ذح اٌز‪ ٟ‬رزغُ ث‪ٙ‬ب عغ‪ّ١‬برٗ إٌبٔ‪٠ٛ‬خ راد إٌؼ‪ِٛ‬خ اٌفبئمخ‪.‬‬
‫انكهمات انمفتاحية‪ :‬ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك؛ رؾغ‪ ٓ١‬اٌخ‪ٛ‬اص؛ عغ‪ّ١‬بد إٌبٔ‪ٛ‬؛ ٔغجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب؛‬
‫اٌغشػخ اٌّضٍ‪ٝ‬؛ ِؼبًِ اٌّش‪ٔٚ‬خ‬

‫انمقذمة‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫‪٠‬غ‪ٛ‬د اٌؼبٌُ ف‪ ٟ‬اال‪ٔٚ‬خ االخ‪١‬شح ص‪ٛ‬سح ف‪ ٟ‬اعزخذاَ اٌغغ‪ّ١‬بد إٌبٔ‪٠ٛ‬خ ٌزؾغ‪ ٓ١‬خ‪ٛ‬اص اٌّ‪ٛ‬اد االٔشبئ‪١‬خ ؽ‪١‬ش‬
‫اظ‪ٙ‬شد اٌجؾ‪ٛ‬س ف‪٘ ٟ‬زا اٌّغبي ٔزبئظ اعزضٕبئ‪١‬خ ِمبسٔخ ثبٌّؼبفبد اٌزمٍ‪١‬ذ‪٠‬خ ]‪٘ٚ ]7،6،5،4،3،2،1‬زا اٌّغؼ‪ ٝ‬ف‪ٟ‬‬
‫رضا‪٠‬ذ ِؼطشد [‪ .]9 ،8‬رّزبص ٘زٖ اٌّ‪ٛ‬اد ثؾغُ عغ‪ّ١‬بر‪ٙ‬ب اٌظغ‪١‬ش عذا ( ‪ٔ 100‬بٔ‪ِٛ‬زش ا‪ ٚ‬الً) ‪ِٚ‬غبؽز‪ٙ‬ب‬
‫اٌغطؾ‪١‬خ اٌفبئمخ ‪ٚٚ‬ع‪ٛ‬د رغب‪٠ٚ‬ف دل‪١‬مخ ػٍ‪ ٝ‬عط‪ٛ‬ؽ‪ٙ‬ب ‪ٚ‬رٌه ‪٠‬ىغج‪ٙ‬ب طفبد ف‪١‬ض‪٠‬بئ‪١‬خ ‪ٚ‬و‪١ّ١‬بئ‪١‬خ رخزٍف ثشىً‬
‫ٍِؾ‪ٛ‬ظ ػٓ ٔظ‪١‬شار‪ٙ‬ب االػز‪١‬بد‪٠‬خ ( راد اٌؾغُ اٌؾج‪١‬ج‪ ٟ‬االوجش) سغُ اِزالن االخ‪١‬شح ٔفظ اٌزشو‪١‬ت اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪ٟ‬‬
‫[‪٘ .]10‬زا اٌزشو‪١‬ت اٌفش‪٠‬ذ ٌٍغغ‪ّ١‬بد إٌبٔ‪٠ٛ‬خ [‪٠ ]13،12،11‬غؼٍ‪ٙ‬ب راد اصش فؼبي عذا ف‪ ٟ‬رؾغ‪ ٓ١‬خ‪ٛ‬اص اٌّ‪ٛ‬اد‬
‫االٔشبئ‪١‬خ [‪ٌٚ .]15 ،14‬ىفبءح ٘زٖ اٌض‪ٛ‬سح اٌؼظش‪٠‬خ؛ ػذد ِؼزذ ثٗ ِٓ اٌجؾ‪ٛ‬س رجٕ‪ ٝ‬ر‪ٛ‬ظ‪١‬ف رىٕ‪ٌٛٛ‬ع‪١‬ب إٌبٔ‪ ٛ‬ف‪ٟ‬‬
‫ِغبي رؾغ‪ ٓ١‬خ‪ٛ‬اص ؽجمبد سطف اٌطش‪٠‬ك [‪،27 ،26 ،25 ،24 ،23 ،22 ،21 ،20 ،19 ،18 ،17 ،16‬‬
‫‪ .]36 ،35 ،34 ،33 ،32 ،31 ،30 ،29 ،28‬اال اْ ٘زٖ اٌزىٕ‪ٌٛٛ‬ع‪١‬ب ٌُ ر‪ٛ‬ظف ثشىً ِؤصش ف‪ِ ٟ‬غبي رؾغ‪ٓ١‬‬
‫خ‪ٛ‬اص ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك ؽ‪١‬ش ال ‪ٛ٠‬عذ اال ػذد ِؾذ‪ٚ‬د عذا ِٓ االثؾبس ف‪٘ ٟ‬زا االرغبٖ [‪.]38 ،37‬‬
‫‪ٌٚ‬ذساعخ اٌفشق اٌز‪٠ ٞ‬ؾذصٗ اعزخذاَ اٌغغ‪ّ١‬بد إٌبٔ‪٠ٛ‬خ ِمبسٔخ ثٕظ‪١‬شار‪ٙ‬ب راد اٌؾغُ االػز‪١‬بد‪ٞ‬؛ رجٕذ ٘زٖ‬
‫اٌذساعخ اعزخذاَ ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬ف‪ ٟ‬رؾغ‪ ٓ١‬خ‪ٛ‬اص رشثخ ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك ٌغذ‬
‫‪412‬‬
‫‪JES, Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering, Vol. 45, No. 4, July 2017, pp.411–421‬‬

‫اٌضغشح اٌّ‪ٛ‬ع‪ٛ‬دح ف‪٘ ٟ‬زا اٌّغبي ‪ٚ‬الصشاء اٌجؾش اٌؼٍّ‪ ٟ‬ف‪ ٗ١‬ؽ‪١‬ش اظ‪ٙ‬شد اٌّشاعؼخ اٌّغزف‪١‬ؼخ ٌالدث‪١‬بد‬
‫اٌّزخظظخ ػذَ ‪ٚ‬ع‪ٛ‬د ثؾ‪ٛ‬س ف‪٘ ٟ‬زا اٌّغبي ػٍ‪ ٝ‬ؽذ ػٍُ اٌجبؽش‪ .‬عذ‪٠‬ش ثبٌزوش اْ اٌطجمخ اٌّشبس اٌ‪ٙ١‬ب رٍؼت‬
‫د‪ٚ‬سا ِ‪ّٙ‬ب ف‪ ٟ‬اعٕبد ؽجمبد سطف اٌطش‪٠‬ك االخش‪ٚ ٜ‬ػّبْ ِزبٔخ ٘زٖ اٌطجمخ ‪٠‬مًٍ ثشىً وج‪١‬ش اٌغّه اٌّطٍ‪ٛ‬ة‬
‫ف‪ ٟ‬رٍه اٌطجمبد االِش اٌز‪٠ ٞ‬خفغ وٍفخ أشبء اٌطش‪٠‬ك ثشىً وج‪١‬ش ‪٠ٚ‬ض‪٠‬ذ ِٓ ػّشٖ اٌخذِ‪ٚ .ٟ‬ف‪ ٟ‬دساعخ‬
‫الزظبد‪٠‬خ اعشا٘ب اٌجبؽش (ِب صاٌذ ل‪١‬ذ إٌشش)؛ رج‪ ٓ١‬اْ ص‪٠‬بدح ٔغجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب ٌطجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك ِٓ‬
‫‪ %3.4‬اٌ‪٠ %48 ٝ‬مًٍ وٍفخ االٔشبء ثّمذاس ‪ 25.875‬د‪ٚ‬السا اِش‪٠‬ى‪١‬ب ٌىً ِزش ِشثغ ‪ٚ‬اؽذ ِٓ ؽجمبد اٌشطف‬
‫ث‪ّٕ١‬ب رجٍغ وٍفخ ششاء ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬ثٕ‪ٛ‬ػ‪ ٗ١‬ث‪ 2 ٚ 0.2 ٓ١‬د‪ٚ‬السا اِش‪٠‬ى‪١‬ب ٌٍى‪ٍٛ١‬غشاَ اٌ‪ٛ‬اؽذ ‪ٚ‬ؽغت إٌمب‪ٚ‬ح‬
‫‪ٚ‬إٌّشأ‪ٚ .‬ثبػزجبس اْ ِؼذي عّه ؽجمخ اٌزأع‪١‬ظ ٘‪ٚ ٍُِ 250 ٛ‬ثبؽزغبة اٌىضبفخ اٌؼظّ‪ٌٍ ٝ‬زشثخ ‪ٚ‬ثبعزخذاَ ٔغجخ‬
‫خٍؾ ‪ٚ ِٓ %0.75‬صْ اٌزشثخ اٌغبفخ ‪٠‬ى‪ ْٛ‬الظ‪ ٝ‬اػبفخ ِؾزٍّخ ٌٍىٍفخ ٘‪ 7 ٛ‬د‪ٚ‬السا اِش‪٠‬ى‪١‬ب‪ٚ .‬ث‪ٙ‬زا ‪٠‬ى‪ ْٛ‬طبف‪ٟ‬‬
‫اٌزخف‪١‬غ ف‪ ٟ‬اٌىٍفخ ٘‪ 18.875 ٛ‬د‪ٚ‬السا اِش‪٠‬ى‪١‬ب ٌٍّزش اٌّشثغ اٌ‪ٛ‬اؽذ ػٍ‪ ٝ‬الً رمذ‪٠‬ش‪.‬‬
‫‪ٌٚ‬غشع رؾم‪١‬ك ٘ذف اٌذساعخ؛ رُ أزخبة رشثخ ِٓ ِذ‪ٕ٠‬خ ثغذاد ‪ٚ‬رُ اخزجبس خ‪ٛ‬اط‪ٙ‬ب اٌف‪١‬ض‪٠‬بئ‪١‬خ ‪ٚ‬اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪١‬خ‪.‬‬
‫ثؼذ رٌه رُ ر‪١ٙ‬ئخ ػذد ِٓ إٌّبرط ‪ٚ‬رّذ ِؼبٌغز‪ٙ‬ب ثغشػبد ِخزٍفخ ِٓ ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬عشػبد‬
‫ِّبصٍخ ِٓ ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ٚ ٞ‬وبٔذ اٌغشػبد اٌّخزبسح‪%)0.25( :‬؛ (‪%)0.50‬؛ (‪%)0.75‬؛‬
‫(‪%)1.00‬؛ (‪%)1.25‬؛ ‪ٚ ِٓ %)1.50( ٚ‬صْ اٌزشثخ اٌغبفخ‪ٚ .‬رُ رغٍ‪١‬ف إٌّبرط اٌّؼبٌغخ ثبو‪١‬بط طّبء ٌٍؾفبظ‬
‫ػٍ‪ِ ٝ‬ؾز‪ٛ‬ا٘ب اٌشؽ‪ٛ‬ث‪ٚ ٟ‬رشوذ ٌّذح ‪ِٛ٠ 28‬ب ٌؼّبْ رفبػً اٌّؼبفبد ِغ ِى‪ٔٛ‬بد اٌزشثخ‪ .‬ثؼذ رٌه؛ اعش‪ ٞ‬ػذد‬
‫ِٓ اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص اٌّخزجش‪٠‬خ ػٍ‪ ٝ‬إٌّبرط اٌّؾغٕخ ٌزج‪ ٓ١‬اٌزغ‪١‬ش ف‪ ٟ‬خ‪ٛ‬اط‪ٙ‬ب اٌ‪ٕٙ‬ذع‪١‬خ‪ .‬رؼّٕذ رٍه اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص‪ :‬فؾض‬
‫ٔغجخ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب ‪ٔٚ‬غجخ االٔزفبؿ ‪ٚ‬فؾض االٔؼغبؽ صالص‪ ٟ‬اٌّؾب‪ٚ‬س ثبٌؾًّ اٌّزىشس‪ .‬ث‪ٕ١‬ذ ٔزبئظ رٍه اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص‬
‫رؾغٕب ٍِؾ‪ٛ‬ظبف‪ ٟ‬خ‪ٛ‬اص اٌزشثخ إٌّزخجخ ‪ٚ‬اظ‪ٙ‬شد اْ ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ ٞٛ‬اوضش رف‪ٛ‬لب ف‪ ٟ‬رؾغ‪ٓ١‬‬
‫اٌخ‪ٛ‬اص ِٓ ٔظ‪١‬شٖ ر‪ ٚ‬اٌؾغُ اٌؾج‪١‬ج‪ ٟ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ٌٚ .ٞ‬زفغ‪١‬ش رٍه إٌزبئظ رُ رجٕ‪ ٟ‬فؾض ل‪١‬بط اٌم‪ٛ‬ح اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذ‪٠‬ش‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ‬
‫‪ٚ‬فؾض اٌزشو‪١‬ت اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪ ٟ‬ثبعزخذاَ فؾض ِط‪١‬بف‪١‬خ رشزذ اٌطبلخ ثبالشؼخ اٌغ‪١ٕ١‬خ‪.‬‬
‫انمواد انمستخذمة‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫رُ أزخبة رشثخ ِٓ ِذ‪ٕ٠‬خ ثغذاد العشاء دساعخ ِخزجش‪٠‬خ ػٍ‪ٙ١‬ب لجً ‪ٚ‬ثؼذ اٌزؾغ‪ ٓ١‬ثبعزخذاَ ِبدح ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ‬
‫اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ٚ .ٞ‬شٍّذ اٌذساعخ اعشاء ػذد ِٓ اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص ٌٍزؼشف ػٍ‪ ٝ‬خ‪ٛ‬اص اٌزشثخ‬
‫اٌّغزخذِخ ‪ٚ‬وّب ِج‪ ٓ١‬ف‪ ٟ‬اٌغذ‪ٚ‬ي (‪ٚ .)1‬وزٌه رُ رغ‪١ٙ‬ض ِبدر‪ ٟ‬ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ٞ‬؛‬
‫اٌغذ‪ٚ‬ي (‪٠ )2‬ج‪ ٓ١‬خظبئض رٍه اٌّبدر‪.ٓ١‬‬
‫برنامج انفحص‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫ثبالػبفخ اٌ‪ ٝ‬اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص اٌّخزجش‪٠‬خ اٌز‪ ٟ‬اعش‪٠‬ذ ٌزؾذ‪٠‬ذ خ‪ٛ‬اص اٌّ‪ٛ‬اد اٌّغزخذِخ (اٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ‬
‫‪ٚ‬اٌّؼبفبد)؛ رُ ر‪١ٙ‬ئخ ػذد ِٓ إٌّبرط ثؼذ ِضع‪ٙ‬ب ثبٌغشػبد اٌّشبس اٌ‪ٙ١‬ب عٍفب ِٓ اٌّؼبفبد إٌبٔ‪٠ٛ‬خ‬
‫‪ٚ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪٠‬خ ‪ٚ‬فمب ٌٍطشق اٌم‪١‬بع‪١‬خ ‪ٚ‬ثبعزخذاَ ٔغجخ اٌّبء اٌّضٍ‪ٚ ٝ‬اٌىضبفخ اٌغبفخ اٌمظ‪ٚ ٜٛ‬رُ ؽفؼ‪ٙ‬ب ف‪ ٟ‬او‪١‬بط‬
‫غ‪١‬ش ِٕفزح ٌٍّبء ‪ٚ‬رشوذ ٌّذح ‪ِٛ٠ 28‬ب رؾذ اٌّؼبٌغخ اٌشؽجخ ٌؼّبْ ؽظ‪ٛ‬ي اٌزفبػً اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪ .ٟ‬ثؼذ رٌه؛ رُ‬
‫اعشاء ػذد ِٓ اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص اٌ‪ٕٙ‬ذع‪١‬خ ‪ٚ‬اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪١‬خ ػٍ‪ٙ١‬ب‪ .‬وّب اعش‪٠‬ذ ٔفظ اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص ػٍ‪ ٝ‬اٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ‪.‬‬
‫اٌغذ‪ٚ‬ي (‪ٍ٠ )3‬خض ثشٔبِظ اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص‪.‬‬
 ‫‪413‬‬
‫اؽّذ ِٕغ‪ِٛ ٟ‬ع‪ - ٝ‬رأص‪١‬ش اٌغغ‪ّ١‬بد إٌبٔ‪٠ٛ‬خ ‪ٚ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪٠‬خ ػٍ‪ ٝ‬خ‪ٛ‬اص ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك‪ :‬دساعخ ِمبسٔخ‬
‫جذول (‪ :)1‬خ‪ٛ‬اص اٌزشثخ االطٍ‪١‬خ‬
‫‪A-7-6‬‬ ‫رظٕ‪١‬ف اٌزشثخ ‪ٚ‬فمب ٌطش‪٠‬مخ اٌّؤعغخ االِش‪٠‬ى‪١‬خ ٌٍطشق ‪ٚ‬إٌمً‬
‫‪%41‬‬ ‫ؽذ اٌغ‪ٌٛ١‬خ‬
‫‪%25‬‬ ‫ؽذ اٌٍذ‪ٔٚ‬خ‬
‫‪2.76‬‬ ‫اٌ‪ٛ‬صْ إٌ‪ٛ‬ػ‪ٟ‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫اٌخ‪ٛ‬اص اٌ‪ٕٙ‬ذع‪١‬خ‬
‫‪ 1890‬وغُ‪َ/‬‬ ‫اٌىضبفخ اٌغبفخ اٌؼظّ‪ٝ‬‬
‫‪%14.6‬‬ ‫ِؾز‪ ٜٛ‬اٌشؽ‪ٛ‬ثخ اٌّضٍ‪ٝ‬‬
‫‪%3.39‬‬ ‫ٔغجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب‬
‫‪%3.4‬‬ ‫ٔغجخ االٔزفبؿ‬
‫‪61.95%‬‬ ‫‪SiO2‬‬
‫‪29.83%‬‬ ‫‪Al2O3‬‬
‫‪4.76%‬‬ ‫‪Fe2O3‬‬
‫‪1.13%‬‬ ‫‪TiO2‬‬
‫‪0.51%‬‬ ‫‪K2O‬‬
‫اٌخ‪ٛ‬اص اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪١‬خ‬
‫‪0.47%‬‬ ‫‪MgO‬‬
‫‪0.09%‬‬ ‫‪SO3‬‬
‫‪0.07%‬‬ ‫‪CaO‬‬
‫‪0.12%‬‬ ‫اخش‪ٜ‬‬
‫‪5.2‬‬ ‫اٌم‪ٛ‬ح اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ‬
‫جذول (‪ :)2‬اٌخ‪ٛ‬اص اٌف‪١‬ض‪٠‬بئ‪١‬خ ‪ٚ‬اٌىّ‪١‬بئ‪١‬خ ٌّبدح ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕغ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪٠ٛ‬خ ‪ٚ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪٠‬خ‬
‫ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕغ‪ َٛ١‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ٞ‬‬ ‫ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕغ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٞٛ‬‬ ‫اٌخ‪ٛ‬اص اٌف‪١‬ض‪٠‬بئ‪١‬خ‬
‫‪The Central Drug House (P) Ltd/China‬‬ ‫اٌششوخ اٌّظٕغ‬
‫اث‪١‬غ‬ ‫اٌٍ‪ْٛ‬‬
‫‪ِ 2-0.5‬ب‪٠‬ىش‪ٍُِٚ‬‬ ‫‪ٔ 100-90‬بٔ‪ِٛ‬زش‬ ‫ِؼذي ؽغُ اٌؾج‪١‬جخ‬
‫‪/2َ >20‬غُ‬ ‫‪/2َ >50‬غُ‬ ‫اٌّغبؽخ اٌغطؾ‪١‬خ‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ 3.6‬وغُ‪َ/‬‬ ‫اٌىضبفخ‬
‫‪ 2850‬دسعخ ع‪١ٍ١‬ض‪٠‬خ‬ ‫دسعخ االٔظ‪ٙ‬بس‬
‫‪ 3600‬ع‪١ٍ١‬ض‪٠‬خ‬ ‫دسعخ اٌغٍ‪١‬بْ‬
‫‪%99.46‬‬ ‫‪%94.96‬‬ ‫إٌمب‪ٚ‬ح‬
‫‪%97‬‬ ‫اٌز‪ٚ‬ثبْ ف‪ ٟ‬اٌؾّغ اٌّخفف‬
‫فمذاْ اٌىزٍخ ثبٌؾشق ف‪ ٟ‬دسعخ ؽشاسح ‪900‬‬
‫‪%9‬‬
‫ع‪١ٍ١‬ض‪ٗ٠‬‬
‫‪%0.1‬‬ ‫اٌّ‪ٛ‬اد غ‪١‬ش لبثٍخ ٌٍز‪ٚ‬ثبْ ف‪ ٟ‬ؽّغ اٌخٍ‪١‬ه‬
‫‪%0.1‬‬ ‫اٌّ‪ٛ‬اد غ‪١‬ش لبثٍخ ٌٍز‪ٚ‬ثبْ ف‪ ٟ‬ؽّغ اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬وٍ‪ٛ‬س‪٠‬ه‬
‫اٌزشو‪١‬ت اٌىّ‪١‬بئ‪ٟ‬‬
‫‪%99.46‬‬ ‫‪% 94.96‬‬ ‫‪MgO‬‬
‫‪%0.2‬‬ ‫‪% 0.58‬‬ ‫‪CaO‬‬
‫‪%0.17‬‬ ‫‪% 3.93‬‬ ‫‪SO3‬‬
‫‪%0.11‬‬ ‫‪%0.09‬‬ ‫‪SiO2‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪%0.09‬‬ ‫‪Al2O3‬‬
‫‪%0.06‬‬ ‫‪% 0.35‬‬ ‫اخش‪ٜ‬‬
‫‪414‬‬
‫‪JES, Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering, Vol. 45, No. 4, July 2017, pp.411–421‬‬

‫جذول (‪ٍِ :)3‬خض ثشٔبِظ اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص‬

‫اطذاس اٌّؤعغخ‬
‫االِش‪٠‬ى‪١‬خ ٌٍفؾ‪ٛ‬ص‬ ‫اٌغشع ِٓ اٌفؾض‬ ‫اعُ اٌفؾض‬
‫‪ٚ‬اٌّ‪ٛ‬اد‬
‫رؾذ‪٠‬ذ ل‪ٔ ُ١‬غجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب (‪ )%‬اٌز‪٠ ٞ‬ج‪ ٓ١‬لبثٍ‪١‬خ‬ ‫ٔغجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب‬
‫‪D 4429‬‬
‫ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك ٌزؾًّ االؽّبي اٌّش‪ٚ‬س‪٠‬خ‬
‫رؾذ‪٠‬ذ ٔغجخ االٔزفبؿ ف‪ ٟ‬اٌزشثخ ( ٍُِ) ‪ٚ‬اٌز‪٠ ٞ‬ج‪ٓ١‬‬ ‫ٔغجخ االٔزفبؿ‬
‫‪D 4429‬‬
‫اٌزغ‪١‬شاد اٌؾغّ‪١‬خ اٌؾبطٍخ ف‪ ٟ‬ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك‬
‫رؾذ‪٠‬ذ ِؼبًِ ِش‪ٔٚ‬خ اٌزشثخ ‪ٚ‬اٌز‪٠ ٞ‬ج‪ ٓ١‬لبثٍ‪١‬خ اٌزشثخ ػٍ‪ٝ‬‬ ‫االٔؼغغغغغغغغغغغبؽ صالصغغغغغغغغغغ‪ٟ‬‬
‫‪D 4123‬‬ ‫رؾًّ االؽّبي اٌّش‪ٚ‬س‪٠‬خ ‪ٚ‬وزٌه ‪٠‬ؾذد اٌغّه اٌزظّ‪ّٟ١‬‬ ‫اٌّؾغغغغغغغغغغب‪ٚ‬س ثبٌؾّغغغغغغغغغغً‬
‫ٌطجمبد سطف اٌطش‪٠‬ك‬ ‫اٌّزىشس‬
‫رؾذ‪٠‬ذ ل‪ّ١‬خ اٌم‪ٛ‬ح اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ ‪ٚ‬اٌز‪٠ ٞ‬ؼىظ رؾفض اٌّ‪ٛ‬اد‬ ‫فؾغغغغغغغغغغغغغغغض اٌمغغغغغغغغغغغغغغغ‪ٛ‬ح‬
‫‪D 4972‬‬
‫ٌٍزفبػً اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪ٟ‬‬ ‫اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ‬
‫رؾذ‪٠‬ذ رشاو‪١‬ض اٌؼٕبطش ف‪ ٟ‬اٌّبدح ‪ٚ‬اٌز‪٠ ٞ‬ؼىظ اٌزغ‪١‬شاد‬ ‫فؾض ِط‪١‬بف‪١‬خ رشزذ‬
‫‪E 1508‬‬
‫اٌؾبطٍخ ف‪ ٟ‬اٌزشو‪١‬ت اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪ٌٍّٛ ٟ‬اد ثؼذ اٌزفبػً‬ ‫اٌطبلخ ثبالشؼخ اٌغ‪١ٕ١‬خ‬

‫اننتائج‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫ِٓ خالي اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص اٌز‪ ٟ‬رُ اعشاء٘ب ػٍ‪ ٝ‬اٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ ‪ٚ‬اٌّج‪ٕ١‬خ ف‪ ٟ‬اٌغذ‪ٚ‬ي (‪)1‬؛ ارؼؼ أ‪ٙ‬ب رشثخ‬
‫فم‪١‬شح ٔغج‪١‬ب ارا رُ اعزخذاِ‪ٙ‬ب وطجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ‪ٚ .‬ػٍ‪٠ ٗ١‬غت اْ رظُّ ؽجمبد سطف اٌطش‪٠‬ك ثغّه وج‪١‬ش ٔغج‪١‬ب‬
‫ٌؼّبْ اعزمشاس رٍه اٌطجمبد ف‪ٛ‬ق رٌه االعبط د‪ ْٚ‬ؽذ‪ٚ‬س رش‪٘ٛ‬بد ِؼزذ ث‪ٙ‬ب رؾذ ربص‪١‬ش االؽّبي اٌّش‪ٚ‬س‪٠‬خ‬
‫خالي ػّش٘ب اٌخذِ‪ٚ .ٟ‬رظّ‪ ُ١‬رٍه اٌطجمبد ثغّه وج‪١‬ش ‪٠‬ض‪٠‬ذ ِٓ وٍفخ اٌّشش‪ٚ‬ع ثشىً وج‪١‬ش ار اْ ل‪ٛ‬اَ وٍفخ‬
‫ِشبس‪٠‬غ اٌطشق ‪٠‬ظشف ػٍ‪ ٝ‬أشبء رٍه اٌطجمبد‪ .‬وّب ث‪ٕ١‬ذ رٍه اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص اْ اٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ ٌ‪ٙ‬ب لبثٍ‪١‬خ‬
‫ِز‪ٛ‬عطخ ػٍ‪ ٝ‬االٔزفبؿ ث‪ٛ‬ع‪ٛ‬د اٌشؽ‪ٛ‬ثخ ‪ ٛ٘ٚ‬اِش لذ ‪٠‬ؤد‪ ٞ‬اٌ‪ ٝ‬اػشاس ثبٌغخ ف‪ِٕ ٟ‬ظ‪ِٛ‬خ ؽجمبد سطف اٌطش‪٠‬ك‬
‫ع‪ّ١‬ب رؾذ اٌظش‪ٚ‬ف اٌّشجؼخ ثبٌّبء‪ٚ .‬ف‪ ٟ‬ػ‪ٛ‬ء رٍه إٌزبئظ رزؼؼ ػش‪ٚ‬سح رؾغ‪ ٓ١‬خ‪ٛ‬اص اٌزشثخ ٌض‪٠‬بدح وفبءر‪ٙ‬ب‬
‫‪ٚ‬خذِ‪١‬ز‪ٙ‬ب‪ .‬رج‪ ٓ١‬اٌفمشاد اٌزبٌ‪١‬خ إٌزبئؼ اٌز‪ ٟ‬رُ اٌؾظ‪ٛ‬ي ػٍ‪ٙ١‬ب ِٓ اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص االخش‪ٚ ٜ‬اٌّشبس اٌ‪ٙ١‬ب عٍفب‪.‬‬
‫‪ٔ .1.4‬زبئظ فؾض ٔغجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب‬
‫اظ‪ٙ‬شد ٔزبئظ فؾض اٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ اْ ٔغجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب رجٍغ (‪ %)3.39‬وّب رُ ث‪١‬بٔٗ عٍفب‪ .‬وّب‬
‫ث‪ٕ١‬ذ ٔزبئظ اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص اْ ٔغجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب ٌٍزشثخ اٌّؾغٕخ ثبٌّؼبف اػٍ‪ ِٓ ٝ‬رٍه اٌّغغٍخ ٌٍزشثخ االطٍ‪١‬خ‬
‫وّب ِج‪ ٓ١‬ف‪[ ٟ‬اٌشىً‪٠ ]1-‬الؽع ِٓ خالي اٌشىً اْ ٔغجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب رزضا‪٠‬ذ ثض‪٠‬بدح عشػبد ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ‬
‫اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬رظً اٌ‪ ٝ‬الظب٘ب ػٕذ اٌغشػخ (‪ٚ ِٓ )%0.75‬صْ اٌزشثخ اٌغبفخ (ؽ‪١‬ش ثٍغذ ثؾذ‪ٚ‬د‬
‫(‪ ِٓ %)15.75‬رٍه اٌخبطخ ثبٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ) صُ رجذأ ثبالٔخفبع ثض‪٠‬بدح اٌغشػبد‪ٚ .‬وبٔذ ل‪ٔ ُ١‬غجخ‬
‫رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب (‪26%‬؛ ‪%35‬؛ ‪%52‬؛ ‪%48‬؛ ‪%32‬؛ ‪ )%28 ٚ‬ثبػبفخ (‪%0.25‬؛ ‪%0.5‬؛ ‪%0.75‬؛‬
‫‪%1‬؛ ‪%1.25‬؛ ‪ ِٓ )%1.5 ٚ‬ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ ٞٛ‬ػٍ‪ ٝ‬اٌز‪ٛ‬اٌ‪ٚ .ٟ‬ثّالؽظخ [اٌشىً‪٠ ]1-‬زؼؼ ّٔؾ‬
‫ِشبثٗ ثبٌٕغجخ ٌٍّٕبرط اٌّؾغٕخ ثب‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬ؽ‪١‬ش وبٔذ ل‪ٔ ُ١‬غجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب (‪%18‬؛‬
‫‪%26‬؛ ‪%37‬؛ ‪%35‬؛ ‪%23‬؛ ‪ )%20 ٚ‬ثبػبفخ (‪0.25%‬؛ ‪%0.5‬؛ ‪%0.75‬؛ ‪%1‬؛ ‪%1.25‬؛ ‪)%1.5 ٚ‬‬
‫ِٓ ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬ػٍ‪ ٝ‬اٌز‪ٛ‬اٌ‪ٚ .ٟ‬رّضً ٔغجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب ٌٍزشثخ اٌّؾغٕخ ثبعزخذاَ‬
‫(‪ ِٓ %)0.75‬اٌّؼبف إٌبٔ‪ ٞٛ‬ؽ‪ٛ‬اٌ‪ ِٓ %)140( ٟ‬رٍه اٌز‪ ٟ‬رُ رؾظٍ‪ٙ١‬ب ثبػبفخ ٔفظ إٌغجخ ِٓ اٌّؼبف‬
‫االػز‪١‬بد‪ .ٞ‬رؼىظ ٘زٖ إٌزبئظ رؾغٕب ٘بئال ف‪ ٟ‬خ‪ٛ‬اص ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك ‪ٚ‬ص‪٠‬بدح ِؤصشح ف‪ ٟ‬لبثٍ‪١‬ز‪ٙ‬ب ػٍ‪ٝ‬‬
‫رؾًّ االؽّبي اٌّش‪ٚ‬س‪٠‬خ اٌؼبٌ‪١‬خ ‪ٚ‬ثبٌزبٌ‪٠ ٟ‬ؤد‪ ٞ‬اٌ‪ ٝ‬رخف‪١‬غ وج‪١‬ش ف‪ ٟ‬عّه ؽجمبد سطف اٌطش‪٠‬ك ‪ٚ‬اٌز‪٠ ٞ‬م‪ٛ‬د‬
‫ثذ‪ٚ‬سٖ اٌ‪ ٝ‬أخفبع وج‪١‬ش ف‪ ٟ‬وٍفخ االٔشبء‪.‬‬
 ‫‪415‬‬
‫اؽّذ ِٕغ‪ِٛ ٟ‬ع‪ - ٝ‬رأص‪١‬ش اٌغغ‪ّ١‬بد إٌبٔ‪٠ٛ‬خ ‪ٚ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪٠‬خ ػٍ‪ ٝ‬خ‪ٛ‬اص ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك‪ :‬دساعخ ِمبسٔخ‬

‫شكم رقم (‪ٔ :)1‬غت رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب ٌٍزشثخ اٌّؾغٕخ ‪ٚ‬اٌّؾغٕخ ثغشػبد ِخزٍفخ ِٓ ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕغ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ٞ‬‬
‫اِب ف‪ّ١‬ب ‪٠‬زؼٍك ثٕغجخ االٔزفبؿ ف‪ ٟ‬رشثخ ؽجمخ اٌـزأع‪١‬ظ؛ فمذ اظ‪ٙ‬شد ٔزبئظ فؾض اٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ اْ ٔغجخ‬
‫االٔزفبؿ رجٍغ (‪ %)3.4‬وّب رُ ث‪١‬بٔٗ عٍفب‪ .‬وّب ث‪ٕ١‬ذ ٔزبئظ اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص اْ ٔغجخ االٔزفبؿ ٌٍزشثخ اٌّؾغٕخ ثبٌّؼبف الً‬
‫ِٓ رٍه اٌّغغٍخ ٌٍزشثخ االطٍ‪١‬خ وّب ِج‪ ٓ١‬ف‪[ ٟ‬اٌشىً‪٠ .]2-‬الؽع ِٓ خالي اٌشىً اْ ٔغجخ االٔزفبؿ رٕخفغ‬
‫ثض‪٠‬بدح عشػبد ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬رظً اٌ‪ ٝ‬ادٔب٘ب ػٕذ اٌغشػخ (‪ٚ ِٓ %)0.75‬صْ اٌزشثخ اٌغبفخ‬
‫(ؽ‪١‬ش ثٍغذ ثؾذ‪ٚ‬د (‪ ِٓ %)9‬رٍه اٌخبطخ ثبٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ) صُ رجذأ ثبالسرفبع ثض‪٠‬بدح اٌغشػبد‪ٚ .‬وبٔذ ل‪ُ١‬‬
‫ٔغجخ االٔزفبؿ (‪%0.79‬؛ ‪%0.42‬؛ ‪%0.32‬؛ ‪%0.35‬؛ ‪%0.62‬؛ ‪ )%1.04 ٚ‬ثبػبفخ (‪0.25%‬؛ ‪%0.5‬؛‬
‫‪%0.75‬؛ ‪%1‬؛ ‪%1.25‬؛ ‪ ِٓ )%1.5 ٚ‬ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ ٞٛ‬ػٍ‪ ٝ‬اٌز‪ٛ‬اٌ‪ٚ .ٟ‬ثّالؽظخ [اٌشىً‪٠ ]2-‬زؼؼ‬
‫ّٔؾ ِشبثٗ ثبٌٕغجخ ٌٍّٕبرط اٌّؾغٕخ ثب‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬ؽ‪١‬ش وبٔذ ل‪ٔ ُ١‬غجخ االٔزفبؿ (‪%1.2‬؛‬
‫‪%0.6‬؛ ‪%0.45‬؛ ‪%0.5‬؛ ‪%0.85‬؛ ‪ )%1.5 ٚ‬ثبػبفخ (‪%0.25‬؛ ‪%0.5‬؛ ‪%0.75‬؛ ‪%1‬؛ ‪%1.25‬؛‬
‫‪ ِٓ )%1.5ٚ‬ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬ػٍ‪ ٝ‬اٌز‪ٛ‬اٌ‪ٚ .ٟ‬رّضً ٔغجخ االٔزفبؿ ٌٍزشثخ اٌّؾغٕخ ثبعزخذاَ‬
‫)‪ ِٓ%(0.75‬اٌّؼبف إٌبٔ‪ ٞٛ‬ؽ‪ٛ‬اٌ‪ ِٓ %)70( ٟ‬رٍه اٌز‪ ٟ‬رُ رؾظٍ‪ٙ١‬ب ثبػبفخ ٔفظ إٌغجخ ِٓ اٌّؼبف‬
‫االػز‪١‬بد‪٘ٚ .ٞ‬زا االٔخفبع اٌىج‪١‬ش ف‪ ٟ‬االٔزفبؿ ‪٠‬ذي ػٍ‪ ٝ‬رؾغٓ وج‪١‬ش ف‪ ٟ‬لبثٍ‪١‬خ اٌزشثخ ٌّمب‪ِٚ‬خ اٌزغ‪١‬شاد اٌؾغّ‪١‬خ‬
‫رؾذ اال‪ٚ‬عبؽ اٌّشجؼخ ثبٌّبء ثشىً عضئ‪ ٟ‬ا‪ ٚ‬ربَ؛ االِش اٌز‪ٛ٠ ٞ‬د‪ ٞ‬اٌ‪ ٝ‬ػّبْ عالِخ ؽجمبد سطف اٌطش‪٠‬ك‬
‫ِٓ اػشاس االٔزفبؿ ‪ٚ‬ثبٌزبٌ‪ ٟ‬أخفبع وج‪١‬ش ف‪ ٟ‬وٍفخ اٌظ‪١‬بٔخ ‪ٚ‬وزٌه ص‪٠‬بدح ٍِؾ‪ٛ‬ظخ ف‪ ٟ‬ػّش اٌطش‪٠‬ك اٌخذِ‪.ٟ‬‬

‫شكم رقم (‪ٔ :)2‬غت االٔزفبؿ ٌٍزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ ‪ٚ‬اٌّؾغٕخ ثغشػبد ِخزٍفخ ِٓ ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕغ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ٞ‬‬
‫‪ٔ .2.4‬زبئظ فؾض االٔؼغبؽ صالص‪ ٟ‬اٌّؾب‪ٚ‬س ثبٌؾًّ اٌّزىشس‬
‫ِٓ خالي ٘زا اٌفؾض رُ رؾذ‪٠‬ذ ل‪ِ ُ١‬ؼبًِ ِش‪ٔٚ‬خ ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك ٌٍّٕبرط غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ ‪ٚ‬اٌّؾغٕخ‬
‫ثبٌّؼبف اٌّمزشػ ثٕ‪ٛ‬ػ‪( ٗ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ )ٞ‬وّب ِج‪ ٓ١‬ف‪[ ٟ‬اٌشىً‪٠ .]3-‬زؼؼ ِٓ اٌشىً اْ إٌّبرط رظ‪ٙ‬ش‬
‫عٍ‪ٛ‬وب ِشبث‪ٙ‬ب ٌّب ٘‪ ٛ‬ػٍ‪ ٗ١‬ف‪ ٟ‬ؽبٌخ فؾض ٔغجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬س‪١ٕ٠‬ب وّب ٘‪ِ ٛ‬ز‪ٛ‬لغ ار اْ ِؼبًِ ِش‪ٔٚ‬خ اٌزشثخ‬
‫‪٠‬ؼىظ ِزبٔز‪ٙ‬ب ‪ٚ‬لبثٍ‪١‬ز‪ٙ‬ب ػٍ‪ ٝ‬رؾًّ االؽّبي اٌّش‪ٚ‬س‪٠‬خ‪ٚ .‬ثٍغذ الظ‪ ٝ‬ل‪ّ١‬خ ٌّؼبًِ اٌّش‪ٔٚ‬خ (‪١ِ )172‬ىبثبعىبي‬
‫‪ٚ‬رٌه ٌٍزشثخ اٌّؾغٕخ ثبعزخذاَ (‪ ِٓ %)0.75‬ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪٘ٚ .ٞٛ‬زٖ اٌم‪ّ١‬خ رّضً ؽ‪ٛ‬اٌ‪ ٟ‬خّظ‬
‫‪416‬‬
‫‪JES, Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering, Vol. 45, No. 4, July 2017, pp.411–421‬‬

‫اػؼبف ٔظ‪١‬شر‪ٙ‬ب ٌٍزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ ‪ٚ‬اٌجبٌغخ (‪١ِ )35‬ىبثبعىبي‪ .‬وّب اْ ٘زٖ اٌم‪ّ١‬خ (‪١ِ )172‬ىبثبعىبي اوجش‬
‫ِٓ رٍه اٌّغغٍخ ٌٍزشثخ اٌّؾغٕخ ثبعزخذاَ (‪ ِٓ %)0.75‬ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬االػز‪١‬بد‪.ٞ‬‬

‫شكم رقم (‪ :)3‬ل‪ِ ُ١‬ؼبًِ اٌّش‪ٌٍ ٗٔٚ‬زشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ ‪ٚ‬اٌّؾغٕخ ثغشػبد ِخزٍفخ ِٓ ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕغ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ٞ‬‬
‫ِٓ خالي ٔزبئظ ٘زا اٌفؾض ‪ٚ‬فؾض ٔغجخ رؾًّ وبٌ‪١‬ف‪ٛ‬سٔ‪١‬ب ‪ٚ‬وزٌه فؾض ٔغجخ االٔزفبؿ؛ ‪ّ٠‬ىٓ اػزجبس ٔغجخ‬
‫(‪ ِٓ %)0.75‬ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ ٟ٘ ٞٛ‬إٌغجخ اٌّضٍ‪ ٝ‬اٌز‪ٕ٠ ٟ‬ظؼ ثبعزخذاِ‪ٙ‬ب ٌزؾغ‪٘ ٓ١‬زا إٌ‪ٛ‬ع ِٓ‬
‫اٌزشة اٌؼؼ‪١‬فخ الغشاع اعزخذاِ‪ٙ‬ب ف‪ ٟ‬ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك‪٘ .‬زا اٌزؾغٓ ف‪ ٟ‬خ‪ٛ‬اص اٌزشثخ ‪ّ٠‬ىٓ اْ ‪٠‬ؼ‪ٛ‬د‬
‫اٌ‪ ٝ‬رشىً ا‪ٚ‬اطش ل‪٠ٛ‬خ ( و‪١ّ١‬بئ‪١‬خ ‪ٚ‬و‪ٙ‬شثبئ‪١‬خ) ث‪ ٓ١‬عغ‪ّ١‬بد اٌزشثخ ِٓ خالي اٌزفبػً اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪ ٟ‬ث‪ ٓ١‬ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ‬
‫اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ِٚ َٛ١‬ى‪ٔٛ‬بد اٌزشثخ ػٓ ؽش‪٠‬ك اٌّؼبٌغخ اٌشؽجخ‪ٌٚ .‬غشع رفغ‪١‬ش اٌزفبػً اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪ ٟ‬رُ رجٕ‪ ٟ‬فؾض‬
‫اٌم‪ٛ‬ح اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ ‪ِٚ‬ط‪١‬بف‪١‬خ رشزذ اٌطبلخ ثبالشؼخ اٌغ‪١ٕ١‬خ وّب ِج‪ ٓ١‬ف‪ ٟ‬اٌفمشاد اٌزبٌ‪١‬خ‪.‬‬

‫‪ٔ 3.4‬زبئظ فؾض اٌم‪ٛ‬ح اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ‬

‫ث‪ٕ١‬ذ ٔزبئظ ٘زا اٌفؾض اْ ل‪ ُ١‬اٌم‪ٛ‬ح اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ ٌٍزشثخ اٌّض‪ٚ‬عخ ثبٌٕغجخ اٌّضٍ‪ ِٓ ٝ‬اٌّؼبف إٌبٔ‪ٞٛ‬‬
‫‪ٚ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬ثؼذ اٌّؼبٌغخ اٌشؽجخ رجٍغ (‪ )10.2( ٚ )11.1‬ػٍ‪ ٝ‬اٌز‪ٛ‬اٌ‪ ٟ٘ٚ ٟ‬اػٍ‪ ِٓ ٝ‬رٍه اٌخبطخ ثبٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش‬
‫اٌّؾغٕخ ثىض‪١‬ش ؽ‪١‬ش وبٔذ ل‪ّ١‬ز‪ٙ‬ب (‪ٔ ِٓٚ .)5.2‬ز‪١‬غخ اٌفؾض ‪٠‬زؼؼ اْ اٌّؼبف إٌبٔ‪ ٞٛ‬اوضش فؼبٌ‪١‬خ ِٓ ٔظ‪١‬شٖ‬
‫االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬ف‪ ٟ‬ص‪٠‬بدح لٍ‪٠ٛ‬خ اٌزشثخ‪ .‬ؽ‪١‬ش اْ ٘زا اٌزغ‪١‬ش ف‪ ٟ‬ل‪ّ١‬خ اٌم‪ٛ‬ح اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذ‪٠‬ش‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ ‪٠‬ذي ػٍ‪ ٝ‬اصد‪٠‬بد ف‪ ٟ‬لٍ‪٠ٛ‬خ اٌزشثخ‬
‫اٌّؾغٕخ ‪ٚ‬اٌز‪ّ٠ ٞ‬ىٓ اْ ‪٠‬ى‪ِ ْٛ‬غؤ‪ٚ‬ال ػٓ اراثخ ثؼغ ِى‪ٔٛ‬بد اٌزشثخ ‪ٚ‬رؾف‪١‬ض اٌزفبػالد اٌى‪١ّ١‬بئ‪١‬خ ‪ٚ‬اٌّغبّ٘خ ف‪ٟ‬‬
‫رى‪ِ ٓ٠ٛ‬شوجبد ِزشاثطخ صادد ِٓ ِزبٔخ اٌزشثخ‪ .‬ثبالػبفخ اٌ‪ ٝ‬رٌه فبْ ص‪٠‬بدح ل‪ّ١‬خ اٌم‪ٛ‬ح اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ ‪٠‬غبػذ ػٍ‪ٝ‬‬
‫رىزً عغ‪ّ١‬بد اٌزشثخ ِّب ‪٠‬ؾغٓ اٌزشو‪١‬ت اٌ‪١ٙ‬ىٍ‪ٌٙ ٟ‬ب ‪ِّ ٛ٘ٚ‬ب ‪٠‬ض‪٠‬ذ ف‪ِ ٟ‬زبٔز‪ٙ‬ب ا‪٠‬ؼب ]‪. [40، 39‬‬

‫‪ٔ .4.4‬زبئظ فؾض ِط‪١‬بف‪١‬خ رشزذ اٌطبلخ ثبالشؼخ اٌغ‪١ٕ١‬خ‬

‫رج‪[ ٓ١‬االشىبي‪ٔ ]6 ، 5 ، 4-‬زبئظ رٍه اٌفؾ‪ٛ‬ص ٌؼ‪ٕ١‬بد اٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ ‪ٚ‬رٍه اٌّؾغٕخ ثبعزخذاَ إٌغجخ‬
‫اٌّضٍ‪ ِٓ ٝ‬اٌّؼبف إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬ػٍ‪ ٝ‬اٌز‪ٛ‬اٌ‪ٚ .ٟ‬رظ‪ٙ‬ش إٌزبئظ رغ‪١‬شا ٍِؾ‪ٛ‬ظب ف‪ ٟ‬رشاو‪١‬ض اٌؼٕبطش اٌشئ‪١‬غ‪١‬خ‬
‫ٌٍزشثخ لجً اٌزؾغ‪ٚ ٓ١‬ثؼذ اٌزؾغ‪ ٓ١‬ثبٌّؼبف إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬وّب ِج‪ ٓ١‬ف‪[ ٟ‬اٌشىً‪ ِٓ .]7-‬خالي اٌّمبسٔخ‬
‫ث‪ ٓ١‬اٌشىٍ‪[ ٓ١‬اٌشىً ‪-7‬أ] ‪ٚ‬اٌخبص ثبٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ ‪[ٚ‬اٌشىً ‪-7‬ة] ‪ٚ‬اٌخبص ثبٌزشثخ اٌّؾغٕخ ثبٌّؼبف‬
‫إٌبٔ‪ٞٛ‬؛ ‪٠‬زؼؼ ‪ٚ‬ع‪ٛ‬د ص‪٠‬بدح ِؤصشح ف‪ ٟ‬رشو‪١‬ض‪ ٞ‬اال‪ٚ‬وغغ‪ٚ ٓ١‬اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ِ َٛ١‬مبثً رشاعغ ف‪ ٟ‬رشو‪١‬ض‪ ٞ‬االٌّٕ‪َٛ١‬‬
‫‪ٚ‬اٌغ‪١ٍ١‬ى‪٘ٚ ْٛ‬زا دٌ‪ٚ ً١‬اػؼ ػٍ‪ ٝ‬ؽظ‪ٛ‬ي رفبػً و‪١ّ١‬بئ‪ ٟ‬ث‪ ٓ١‬ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ِٚ ٞٛ‬ى‪ٔٛ‬بد اٌزشثخ‪ .‬ار اْ‬
‫رفبػً ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬اٌّبء و‪ِ ْٛ‬شوت ٘‪١‬ذس‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ .َٛ١‬ص‪٠‬بدح لٍ‪٠ٛ‬خ اٌّض‪٠‬ظ ثؼذ اٌّؼبٌغخ‬
‫اٌشؽجخ ‪ٚ‬اٌز‪ ٞ‬اصجزٗ فؾض اٌم‪ٛ‬ح اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ ‪ٚ‬اٌّشبس اٌ‪ ٗ١‬عٍفب ‪٠‬ؼضص ٘زا االعزٕزبط‪ .‬ثؼذ رٌه؛ رُ ر‪ٚ‬ثبْ ٔغجخ ِٓ‬
‫االٌّٕ‪ٚ َٛ١‬اٌغ‪١ٍ١‬ى‪ ْٛ‬ف‪ِ ٟ‬ؾٍ‪ٛ‬ي اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ ‪ٚ‬ثز‪ٚ‬ثبٔ‪ّٙ‬ب أخفغ رشو‪١‬ضّ٘ب ف‪ ٟ‬اٌّض‪٠‬ظ ‪ٚ‬ثبٌزبٌ‪ ٟ‬اسرفغ رشو‪١‬ض‪ٞ‬‬
‫اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ٚ َٛ١‬اال‪ٚ‬وغغ‪ ٓ١‬ػٍ‪ ٝ‬ؽغبث‪ّٙ‬ب‪ .‬ثبالػبفخ اٌ‪ ٝ‬ص‪٠‬بدح رشو‪١‬ض اال‪ٚ‬وغغ‪ ٓ١‬ػٍ‪ ٝ‬ؽغبة أخفبع رشو‪١‬ض‪ٞ‬‬
‫االٌّٕ‪ٚ َٛ١‬اٌغ‪١ٍ١‬ى‪ْٛ‬؛ ر‪ٛ‬عذ ص‪٠‬بدح اػبف‪١‬خ ٌزشو‪١‬ض اال‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬غ‪ ٓ١‬عجج‪ٙ‬ب رفبػً ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬إٌبٔ‪ِ ٞٛ‬غ اٌّبء‬
‫ؽ‪١‬ش اػبف رٌه اٌزفبػً رسح ا‪ٚ‬وغغ‪ ٓ١‬اخش‪ِ ٜ‬ظذس٘ب اٌّبء‪.‬‬
 ‫‪417‬‬
‫اؽّذ ِٕغ‪ِٛ ٟ‬ع‪ - ٝ‬رأص‪١‬ش اٌغغ‪ّ١‬بد إٌبٔ‪٠ٛ‬خ ‪ٚ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪٠‬خ ػٍ‪ ٝ‬خ‪ٛ‬اص ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك‪ :‬دساعخ ِمبسٔخ‬
‫٘زٖ اٌزفبػالد ‪ّ٠‬ىٓ اْ رى‪ِ ْٛ‬شوت ٘‪١‬ذساد عٍ‪١‬ىبد اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬اٌز‪٠ ٞ‬زى‪ ِٓ ْٛ‬رفبػً ٘‪١‬ذس‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ‬
‫اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ِ َٛ١‬غ اٌغ‪١ٍ١‬ىب اٌّ‪ٛ‬ع‪ٛ‬دح ف‪ ٟ‬اٌزشثخ االطٍ‪١‬خ ‪ِ ٛ٘ٚ‬شوت ِغؤ‪ٚ‬ي ػٓ أشبء ل‪ ٜٛ‬رشاثؾ ل‪٠ٛ‬خ ث‪ٓ١‬‬
‫عغ‪ّ١‬بد اٌزشثخ‪٘ .‬زا اٌزفبػً شج‪ ٗ١‬ثزفبػً اٌغّٕذ اٌج‪ٛ‬سرالٔذ‪ِ ٞ‬غ اٌزشة اٌط‪١ٕ١‬خ ‪ٚ‬اٌز‪٠ ٞ‬ى‪ِ ْٛ‬شوت ٘‪١‬ذساد‬
‫عٍ‪١‬ىبد اٌىبٌ‪١‬غ‪ٚ .]41 ،39[ َٛ١‬ثّمبسٔخ [اٌشىً ‪-7‬أ] ‪ٚ‬اٌخبص ثبٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ ثبٌشىً [اٌشىً ‪-7‬ط]‬
‫‪ٚ‬اٌخبص ثبٌزشثخ اٌّؾغٕخ ثبٌّؼبف االػز‪١‬بد‪ّ٠ ٞ‬ىٓ ِالؽظخ عٍ‪ٛ‬ن ِشبثٗ ٌزٌه اٌز‪ ٞ‬رُ رؾظٍ‪ ٗ١‬ف‪ ٟ‬ؽبٌخ اٌزشثخ‬
‫اٌّؾغٕخ ثبٌّؼبف إٌبٔ‪ ٞٛ‬اال اْ رشو‪١‬ض‪ ٞ‬اال‪ٚ‬وغغ‪ٚ ٓ١‬اٌغٍ‪١‬ى‪ ْٛ‬وبٔب الً ‪ٚ‬رشو‪١‬ض‪ ٞ‬االٌّٕ‪ٚ َٛ١‬اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬وبٔب‬
‫اوجش ف‪ ٟ‬ؽبٌخ اعزخذاَ اٌّؼبف االػز‪١‬بد‪ِ ٞ‬مبسٔخ ثبٌٕبٔ‪ ٞٛ‬االِش اٌز‪٠ ٞ‬ش‪١‬ش اٌ‪ ٝ‬ؽذح رفبػً الً‪ٚ .‬ف‪ ٟ‬ػ‪ٛ‬ء رٌه‬
‫‪ّ٠‬ىٓ اٌم‪ٛ‬ي اْ اٌخظبئض اٌفش‪٠‬ذح ٌٍّؼبف إٌبٔ‪ ٞٛ‬وبٌٕؼ‪ِٛ‬خ اٌفبئمخ ‪ٚ‬اٌّغبؽخ اٌغطؾ‪١‬خ اٌىج‪١‬شح ‪ٚ‬اٌزغب‪٠ٚ‬ف‬
‫اٌغطؾ‪١‬خ عبّ٘ذ ثشىً ٍِؾ‪ٛ‬ظ ف‪ ٟ‬ص‪٠‬بدح ؽذح اٌزفبػً ‪ٚ‬ثبٌزبٌ‪ ٟ‬ادد اٌ‪ ٝ‬ص‪٠‬بدح اٌّشوجبد اٌشاثطخ ث‪ ٓ١‬عغ‪ّ١‬بد‬
‫اٌزشثخ ‪ٚ‬ؽغٕذ خ‪ٛ‬اط‪ٙ‬ب اٌ‪ٕٙ‬ذع‪١‬خ ثشىً اوضش ربص‪١‬شا ِٓ إٌظ‪١‬ش االػز‪١‬بد‪.ٞ‬‬

‫شكم رقم (‪ٔ :)4‬زبئظ فؾض ِط‪١‬بف‪١‬خ رشزذ اٌطبلخ ثبالشؼخ اٌغ‪١ٕ١‬خ ٌٍزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ‬

‫شكم رقم (‪ٔ :)5‬زبئظ فؾض ِط‪١‬بف‪١‬خ رشزذ اٌطبلخ ثبالشؼخ اٌغ‪١ٕ١‬خ ٌٍزشثخ اٌّؾغٕخ ثب‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕغ‪ َٛ‬إٌبٔ‪ ٞٛ‬ثؼذ اٌّؼبٌغخ اٌشؽجخ‬
‫‪418‬‬
‫‪JES, Assiut University, Faculty of Engineering, Vol. 45, No. 4, July 2017, pp.411–421‬‬

‫شكم رقم (‪ٔ :)6‬زبئظ فؾض ِط‪١‬بف‪١‬خ رشزذ اٌطبلخ ثبالشؼخ اٌغ‪١ٕ١‬خ ٌٍزشثخ اٌّؾغٕخ ثب‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕغ‪ َٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬ثؼذ اٌّؼبٌغخ اٌشؽجخ‬

‫شكم رقم (‪ :)7‬رشاو‪١‬ض اٌؼٕبطش اٌشئ‪١‬غ‪١‬خ ٌٍزشثخ لجً ‪ٚ‬ثؼذ اٌّضط ِغ اٌّؼبف إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬ثؼذ اٌّؼبٌغخ اٌشؽجخ‬

‫االستنتاجات‬ ‫‪.5‬‬
‫اعزخذاَ ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬ثٕ‪ٛ‬ػ‪ ٗ١‬إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪٠ ٞ‬ؾغٓ خ‪ٛ‬اص ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك ثشىً‬ ‫‪.1‬‬
‫ٍِؾ‪ٛ‬ظ ِّب ‪٠‬ض‪٠‬ذ ِٓ ِزبٔزٗ‪ٚ .‬ثض‪٠‬بدح ِزبٔزٗ ‪ّ٠‬ىٓ رمٍ‪ ً١‬اٌغّه اٌزظّ‪ٌ ّٟ١‬طجمبد سطف اٌطش‪٠‬ك‬
‫(ؽجمخ اٌؾظ‪ ٝ‬اٌخبثؾ؛ ؽجمخ اٌمبػذح؛ اٌطجمخ اٌغطؾ‪١‬خ) ِّب ‪٠‬مًٍ وٍفخ االٔشبء ثشىً وج‪١‬ش‪ٚ .‬وزٌه فبْ‬
‫رؾغٓ خ‪ٛ‬اص ؽجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ اٌطش‪٠‬ك ‪٠‬ض‪٠‬ذ ِٓ ػّشٖ اٌخذِ‪٠ٚ ٟ‬مًٍ وٍف اٌظ‪١‬بٔخ‪.‬‬
‫ثٍغ الظ‪ ٝ‬رؾغٓ ثبػبفخ (‪ ِٓ %)0.75‬اٌّؼبف إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ٔ ٞ‬غجخ اٌ‪ٚ ٝ‬صْ اٌزشثخ اٌغبفخ ‪ٚ‬ػٍ‪ٗ١‬‬ ‫‪.2‬‬
‫‪ّ٠‬ىٓ اػزجبس ٘زٖ إٌغجخ ٘‪ ٟ‬اٌغشػخ اٌّضٍ‪ ٝ‬ف‪ ٟ‬رؾغ‪٘ ٓ١‬زا إٌ‪ٛ‬ع ِٓ اٌزشة اٌّغزخذِخ وطجمخ رأع‪١‬ظ‪.‬‬
‫رؼذ اٌغشػخ اٌّشبس اٌ‪ٙ١‬ب اػالٖ طغ‪١‬شح عذا ثبٌّمبسٔخ ِغ اٌغشػبد اٌّطٍ‪ٛ‬ثخ ف‪ ٟ‬اٌّؼبفبد اٌزمٍ‪١‬ذ‪٠‬خ‬ ‫‪.3‬‬
‫االِش اٌز‪ّ٠ ٞ‬ىٓ اْ ‪٠‬ؼذ ٔمٍخ ٔ‪ٛ‬ػ‪١‬خ ف‪ِ ٟ‬غبي أشبء اٌطشق ؽ‪١‬ش اْ اعزخذاَ وّ‪١‬بد طغ‪١‬شح ِٓ ٘زٖ‬
‫اٌّبدح االلزظبد‪٠‬خ ٔغج‪١‬ب ال ‪٠‬ؼ‪١‬ف اال وٍف ِؾذ‪ٚ‬دح ػٍ‪ ٝ‬اٌىٍفخ اٌىٍ‪١‬خ‪ .‬ثبالػبفخ اٌ‪ ٝ‬رٌه فبٔٗ ‪٠‬مًٍ ِٓ‬
‫رٍ‪ٛ‬س اٌج‪١‬ئخ ‪٠ٚ‬ذػُ ص‪ٛ‬سح اٌ‪ٕٙ‬ذعخ اٌّغزذاِخ‪.‬‬
‫اػبفخ ا‪ٚ‬وغ‪١‬ذ اٌّغٕ‪١‬غ‪ َٛ١‬اٌ‪ ٝ‬اٌزشثخ اٌط‪١ٕ١‬خ ‪٠‬مًٍ ِٓ ؽبِؼ‪١‬ز‪ٙ‬ب ‪٠ٚ‬ض‪٠‬ذ ِٓ لٍ‪٠ٛ‬ز‪ٙ‬ب وّب ث‪ ٕٗ١‬فؾض اٌم‪ٛ‬ح‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ ؽ‪١‬ش اصدادد ل‪ّ١‬خ اٌم‪ٛ‬ح اٌ‪١ٙ‬ذس‪ٚ‬ع‪١ٕ١‬خ ِٓ (‪ )5.2‬ف‪ ٟ‬اٌزشثخ غ‪١‬ش اٌّؾغٕخ اٌ‪)10.2(ٚ )11.1( ٝ‬‬
‫ٌٍزشة اٌّؾغٕخ ثبٌّؼبف إٌبٔ‪ٚ ٞٛ‬االػز‪١‬بد‪ ٞ‬ػٍ‪ ٝ‬اٌز‪ٛ‬اٌ‪ .ٟ‬ص‪٠‬بدح لٍ‪٠ٛ‬خ اٌزشثخ رؼضص اراثخ ِى‪ٔٛ‬بر‪ٙ‬ب ‪ٚ‬رغبػذ‬
‫ػٍ‪ ٝ‬رفبػً رٍه اٌّى‪ٔٛ‬بد ِغ اٌّؼبف ِّب ‪٠‬شىً ِشوجبد و‪١ّ١‬بئ‪١‬خ عذ‪٠‬ذح وّب ث‪ٕ١‬زٗ ٔزبئظ فؾض ِط‪١‬بف‪١‬خ رشزذ‬
‫اٌطبلخ ثبالشؼخ اٌغ‪١ٕ١‬خ‪٠ٚ .‬ؤد‪ ٞ‬رشىً ِشوجبد عذ‪٠‬ذح اٌ‪ ٝ‬رى‪ ٓ٠ٛ‬ل‪ ٜٛ‬رشاثؾ ث‪ ٓ١‬عغ‪ّ١‬بد اٌزشثخ وّب أٗ ‪٠‬غبػذ‬
‫ف‪ ٟ‬رىزٍ‪ٙ‬ب ‪ٚ‬ثبٌزبٌ‪ ٟ‬رؾغ‪ ٓ١‬خ‪ٛ‬اط‪ٙ‬ب اٌ‪ٕٙ‬ذع‪١‬خ ‪ٚ‬ص‪٠‬بدح ِزبٔز‪ٙ‬ب وّب اشبسد اٌّظبدس [‪.]41 ،40 ،39‬‬
 419
‫ دساعخ ِمبسٔخ‬:‫ك‬٠‫ظ اٌطش‬١‫اص ؽجمخ رأع‬ٛ‫ خ‬ٍٝ‫خ ػ‬٠‫بد‬١‫االػز‬ٚ ‫خ‬٠ٛٔ‫ّبد إٌب‬١‫ش اٌغغ‬١‫ رأص‬- ٝ‫ع‬ِٛ ٟ‫اؽّذ ِٕغ‬
ٗ‫ل‬ٛ‫رضجذ رف‬ٚ ‫بدح ؽذح اٌزفبػالد‬٠‫ ص‬ٟ‫ رغبُ٘ ثشىً ِؤصش ف‬ٞٛٔ‫َ إٌب‬ٛ١‫غ‬١ٕ‫ذ اٌّغ‬١‫وغ‬ٚ‫ِخ اٌفبئمخ ال‬ٛ‫ إٌؼ‬.5
‫ اٌزشثخ اٌّؾغٕخ ثبعزخذاَ اٌّؼبف‬ٟ‫ْ ف‬ٛ‫ٍى‬١‫اٌغ‬ٚ ٓ١‫وغغ‬ٚ‫ض اال‬١‫ش وبٔذ رشاو‬١‫ ؽ‬ٞ‫بد‬١‫شٖ االػز‬١‫ ٔظ‬ٍٝ‫ػ‬
‫ وّب‬ٞ‫بد‬١‫وزٌه اٌّؾغٕخ ثبعزخذاَ اٌّؼبف االػز‬ٚ ‫ش اٌّؾغٕخ‬١‫ اٌزشة غ‬ٟ‫ٗ ف‬١ٍ‫ ػ‬ٟ٘ ‫ ِّب‬ٍٝ‫ اػ‬ٞٛٔ‫إٌب‬
‫ذي‬٠ ‫اد‬ٌّٛ‫ض رٍه ا‬١‫ رشاو‬ٟ‫ظ ف‬ٛ‫د اٌٍّؾ‬ٚ‫٘زا اٌزفب‬ٚ .‫خ‬١ٕ١‫خ رشزذ اٌطبلخ ثبالشؼخ اٌغ‬١‫بف‬١‫ٕٗ فؾض ِط‬١‫ث‬
.ٞ‫بد‬١‫ رّذ ثبعزخذاَ اٌّؼبف االػز‬ٟ‫ ِٓ رٍه اٌز‬ٍٝ‫ اػ‬ٞٛٔ‫اٌّؼبف إٌب‬ٚ ‫ٓ اٌزشثخ‬١‫ ؽذح رفبػً ث‬ٍٝ‫ػ‬
‫انمصادر‬
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‫ دساعخ ِمبسٔخ‬:‫ك‬٠‫ظ اٌطش‬١‫اص ؽجمخ رأع‬ٛ‫ خ‬ٍٝ‫خ ػ‬٠‫بد‬١‫االػز‬ٚ ‫خ‬٠ٛٔ‫ّبد إٌب‬١‫ش اٌغغ‬١‫ رأص‬- ٝ‫ع‬ِٛ ٟ‫اؽّذ ِٕغ‬
INFLUENCE OF NANO AND ORDINARY PARTICLES ON
PROPERTIES OF SUBGRADE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
ABSTRACT
This study aims to compare between usage of Nano-particles and ordinary-particles in
enhancement of subgrade properties. To attain this purpose, Nano-magnesium oxide and ordinary-
magnesium oxide were selected as modern alternatives in improvement of construction materials. A
selected soil supplied from Baghdad city was treated with different dosages of the proposed
additives to investigate the changes in engineering properties of the selected soil. The study
involved laboratory tests to compare the properties of untreated and treated soils with Nano-additive
and ordinary-additive. Basically, this study adopted California bearing ratio, swelling ratio, and
repeated triaxial compression tests. The results revealed the preponderance of Nano additive over
the ordinary one in enhancement of subgrade properties. Afterward, chemical tests and tests by x-
ray were implemented to reveal the chemical reaction that changed the properties of subgrade.
These tests revealed high increase in alkalinity of treated samples. In addition, the results revealed
effective chemical reaction generated magnesium silicate hydrate which produce strong bond
among the particles. Moreover, chemical tests results exhibited that using Nano additive lead to
more intense chemical reaction compared to ordinary one. This behavior may be attributed to the
unique properties of Nano particles with super fineness and large surface area.
Keywords: Subgrade, Nano Particles, Properties Improvement, CBR, Optimum Dosage,
Resilience Modulus

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