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Math Formulas: Definite integrals of trig

functions
Note: In the following formulas all letters are positive.

Basic formulas
Z π/2 Z π/2
2 π
1. sin x dx = cos2 x dx =
0 0 4

Z ∞
sin(px)  π/2 p>0
2. dx = 0 p=0
0 x
−π/2 p < 0

Z ∞
sin2 px πp
3. 2
=
0 x 2
Z ∞
1 − cos(px) πp
4. dx =
0 x2 2
∞
cos(px) − cos(qx)
Z
q
5. dx = ln
0 x p
∞
cos(px) − cos(qx) π(q − p)
Z
6. 2
dx =
0 x 2
Z 2π
dx 2π
7. =√
0 a + b sin x a − b2
2
Z 2π
dx 2π
8. =√
0 a + b cos(x) a − b2
2
Z ∞ Z ∞ r
2 2 1 π
9. sin ax dx = cos(ax ) dx =
0 0 2 2a
Z ∞ Z ∞ r
sin x cos x π
10. √ dx = √ dx =
0 x 0 x 2
Z ∞
sin3 x 3π
11. 3
dx =
0 x 8
Z ∞
sin4 x π
12. 4
dx =
0 x 3
Z ∞
tan x π
13. dx =
0 x 2
Z π/2
dx arccos(b/a)
14. = √
0 a + b cos x a2 − b2

Advanced formulas
Z π 
0 m, n integers and m 6= n
15. sin(mx) · sin(nx) dx =
0 π/2 m, n integers and m = n
Z π 
0 m, n integers and m 6= n
16. cos(mx) · cos(nx) dx =
0 π/2 m, n integers and m = n
Z π 
0 m, n integers and m + n odd
17. sin(mx) · cos(nx) dx =
0 2m/(m2 − n2 ) m, n integers and m + n even
Z π/2 Z π/2
1 · 3 · 5 . . . 2m − 1 π
18. sin2m x dx = cos2m x dx =
0 0 2 · 4 · 6 . . . 2m 2

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π/2 π/2
2 · 4 · 6 . . . 2m
Z Z
2m+1
19. sin x dx = cos2m+1 x dx =
0 0 1 · 3 · 5 . . . 2m + 1
Z π
Γ(p) Γq
20. sin2p−1 x cos2q−1 x dx =
0 2 Γ(p + q)

Z ∞
sin(px) · cos(qx)  0 p>q>0
21. dx = π/2 0 < p < q
0 x
π/4 p = q > 0

Z ∞ 
sin(px) · sin(qx) π p/2 0 < p ≤ q
22. dx =
0 x2 π q/2 p ≥ q > 0
Z ∞
cos(mx) π −ma
23. 2 + a2
dx = e
0 x 2a
Z ∞
x sin(mx) π
24. 2 2
dx = e−ma
0 x +a 2
Z ∞
sin(mx) π
dx = 2 1 − e−ma


25. 2 + a2 )
0 x (x 2a
Z 2π Z 2π
dx dx 2π a
26. 2
= 2
= 2
0 (a + b sin x) 0 (a + b cos x) (a − b2 )3/2
Z 2π
dx 2π
27. 2
= , 0<a<1
0 1 − 2a cos x + a 1 − a2
Z π  π
x sin x dx a ln(1 + a) |a| < 1
28. =
0 1 − 2a cos x + a
2 π ln(1 + a1 ) |a| > 1
Z π
cos(mx) dx πam
29. 2
= , a2 < 1
0 1 − 2a cos x + a 1 − a2
Z ∞
1 π
30. sin(axn ) dx = 1/n
Γ(1/n) sin , n>1
0 na 2n
Z ∞
1 π
31. cos(axn ) dx = 1/n
Γ(1/n) cos , n>1
0 na 2n
Z ∞
sin x π
32. p
dx = , 0<p<1
0 x 2 Γ(p) sin(pπ/2)
Z ∞
cos x π
33. p
dx = , 0<p<1
0 x 2 Γ(p) cos(pπ/2)
Z ∞
b2 b2
r  
1 π
34. sin(ax2 ) cos(2bx) dx = cos − sin
0 2 2a a a
Z ∞
b2 b2
r  
1 π
35. cos(ax2 ) cos(2bx) dx = cos + sin
0 2 2a a a
Z ∞
dx π
36. m dx =
0 1 + tan x 4