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Case Study 3
Case Study 3
Case Study 3
A twenty four year old male visited a dental office for an initial examination and routine
checkup. Radiographic examination revealed an unusual mandibular second molar. The patient
denied any history of symptoms or pain associated with the mandibular molar area. The patient
appeared to be in a general good state of health with no significant medical history. His dental
history included sporadic checkups and routine restorative dental treatment. The patient’s vitals
were all found to be within normal limits. Extraoral examination of the head and neck region
present. Based on the clinical examination of the patient, selected periapical radiographs,
bitewings, and a panoramic film were ordered and exposed. A review of the periapical films
revealed a mandibular second molar with an elongated pulp chamber and an abnormally low
furcation region. Clinically, the second molar appeared normal in size and shape. No other
Dentin dysplasia is separated into two groups, type one and type two. Type one features a
normal crown with abnormal roots and an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. The defect
lies in a disturbance in the Hertwig epithelial root sheath, which is what guides the formation of
the root. Radiographs show total or partial lack of pulp chambers and root canals. Primary and
secondary dentition are affected equally. The color of the teeth is normal and short roots cause
the teeth to exfoliate prematurely. The pulp chamber of permanent teeth are not obliterated fully
and have a half-moon appearance. Type two defect is a mutation of the gene that maps to the
long arm of chromosome four. Radiographs show a lack of pulp chamber and small root canals.
Pulp chambers show a thistle shape of single roots and a bow-tie appearance in permanent
molars.
Odontoma is a benign neoplasm, or tumor, that can produce all the tissue found in a
mature tooth, like enamel, dentin, cementum, and pulp. Radiographs show a circumscribed
lesion containing miniature teeth or radiopaque masses that do not resemble teeth. It is more
common in the maxilla and often discovered because the affected tooth fails to erupt.
the teeth exhibit elongated, large pulp chambers and short roots. It is a genetic, heterogeneous
condition of molar teeth with dominant and recessive inheritance patterns characterized by
enlarged pulp chamber, apical displacement of the pulpal floor, and no constriction at the level of
the CEJ. The cause is uncertain and can be seen in both deciduous and permanent teeth. It can
affect a single molar or several molars in a quadrant, occurring either unilaterally or bilaterally.
The crown appears clinically normal. Radiographs are the only way to diagnose taurodontism. It
can also be classified as mild, moderate, or severe depending on how far the base of the pulp
chamber extends apically. This condition can be seen in patients with Down syndrome,
more teeth in a dentition are larger than normal. It is classified similar to the way that
macrodontia, and macrodontia involving a single tooth. Although rare, it is usually seen is cases
of pituitary gigantism. Relative macrodontia is seen in patients with normal or slightly larger
than normal teeth with small jaws. This is caused from inheriting tooth size from one parent and
Teeth involved with regional odontodysplasia are clinically small, hypoplastic with
surface pits and grooves and also have a brown or yellow discoloration. Because the enamel is
thin, it is susceptible to caries or fracture. Often the eruption of teeth is delayed or does not
happen at all. Frequently gingival swelling and periapical infection are findings of this disease.
Radiographically, affected teeth demonstrate decreased radiodensity of enamel and dentin, wide
pulp chambers, short roots, and open apices. Regional odontodysplasia may occur in the
mandibular primary dentition but it more frequently seen in the maxillary permanent dentition.
This condition is more common in the anterior and typically the central and lateral incisors are
enlargement of the body and pulp chamber of a multirooted tooth, with apical displacement of
the pulpal floor and bifurcation of the roots. This condition could not be dentin dysplasia because
it does not show a lack of pulp chamber and small root canals. This condition could not be
odontoma because there is no visible neoplasm containing miniature teeth or radiopaque masses.
This tooth also has erupted which is not seen in odontoma. This condition is not macrodontia
because the teeth shown are all of normal size. This condition is not regional odontodysplasia
because this patient is a male, not female, and also his condtion lies in the molar region, not in
Associated with Eruption Failure.” International Journal of Health & Allied Sciences, Vol 5, Iss
Ibsen, A.C Olga, Phelan, Anderson Joan. “Oral Pathology for the Dental Hygienist with
General Pathology Introductions.” Elsevier. Elsevier Inc. Pgs. 206-208. 2018. St. Louis,
Missouri.
Newland, J. Robert. “Oral Hard Tissue Diseases: A Reference Manual for Radiographic
Diagnosis.” Lexicomp’s Dental Reference Library. Lexi-comp, Inc. Pgs.86, 92. 2012. Hudson,
Ohio.