(74) JANUARY 2001 Paper 03. ‘SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE, ‘EXAMINATION BIOLOGY Paper 03 ~ General Proficiency Thou In.additon to the 1 hour, candidates are allowed 2 reading time of 10 minutes. Writing may begin during the 10-minute period. ‘This paper is divided into THREE sections. Candidates MUST answer ONE question from EACH section, Where appropriate, ‘answers shouldbe Mlustrated by diagrams. La © © 2.@ ® © SECTIONA Answer ONE question from this ection. () Death shape andthe basi sect of he main ee. (Dagan NOT required) Gi) What evidence is there that the eye is an organ? (8 marks) Dest how he mammalian ej responds () hangin ad Gi objets atin itunes. Fo EACH response yo desert, gg why ity be ingor- tant for the survival of an animal. (8 marks) Moder medical techniques now allow couples to choos he sex of a child. Soon they may beable to choose other genetically determined characerisics such as eye colour. ()—Canthinbe considered an exanileofaificial selection? Explain yoor answer ‘What may be the consequences of lage numbers of people in a population choosing the same characteristics? (marks) ‘Total 20 macks Describe how the skin functions in temperature contin a mammal. (@ marks) (Persons who are albinos have no pigment in their hai, skin or eyes. Suggest how the absence of pigment would affect the fonctioning ofthe skin and eyes. (i _Aaismis aheredimy conion controlled by arcesive alle. Expsinhow ‘wo normal indvidals may have an offspring whois albino. (Smarts) Name TWO hereditary diseases. What features do they have in common that allow them be classified as heredity? 4 marks) ‘Total 20 macks“Pe SECTIONB Answer ONE question from tis section. _¥@) Give TWO features of joints that allow easy movement and stale how EACH feature ‘makes movement ea, (4marks) () G) There are many different shapes and sies of booes in the human skeletal system. Using FOUR examples of differen types of bones, show how this characteristic of the skeletal system is important for the functions of the skeleton (i) Teeth also come in diferent shapes and sizes. How do the different types of teethbumans posess illustrate the relationship between structure and function? (12 marks) (©) oth babies and eldely woren should have adequate amounts of calcium inthe diet {Explain why you thik this is necessary in EACH case. (4 marks) ‘Total 20 marks 4, (@) (_Thesystem formed by xylem and phlocani gee plans performs similar func~ ‘ions othe crculatoy system in hamans. Discuss TWO similarities and TWO dliferences between the plant system andthe human circulatory system. ‘The transport system is the esseatl link between all parts of « multcellvar organism, Discus, giving TWO reason, why this link i essential. (12 marks) {() Plane and animals bth produce substances that ctrl ter growth and develop entity TWO horrnones in the human body whic affect these processes and escribe the role of EACH Gi) Digcuss TWO ways in which growth substances produced by plans are similar to andor diferent from hormones, ( Simarks) aren 5)e SECTIONC ‘Answer ONE question from this section. 5. (a) Describe bow vaccines work to protect the body from disease. (marks) () Jnacertaintor, only a ew children had diseases that couldbe prevented by vaccines Many people had vector-ransmited diseases. Suggest TWO reasons EACH why (© senme children had nt been vaccinated a (A marks) Reflex actions can protect the body from injury. With reference to a named reflex ction, describe the properties of reflex actions that enable them to cary out this protective function. (marks) ‘Suggest () ONE charset of plans, and (i) TWO churacterstis of invertebrates ‘which help to protect them where they lve. In EACH case, explain your answer, (Gmarks) ‘Total 20 marks so many people bad vecoctransrited diseases. © @ 6.1] Distinguish between the terms ‘population’ and ‘community’, giving an camp ia EACH ee. CG) plain THREE ways in which plants and ana depend om each ob. ‘(0marks) (A visiing scientist noticed that a particular species of plant was not distributed vnifomly on a large island. In one part of the island thre was a large population while in another pact, only few individual plants existed. Discuss THREE reasons (exchodng human activity) that may account fortis. ( 6 marks) (Discus TWO ways in which human activity can dec or indirectly affect the size of ‘plan popataion. (Amarks) ‘Total 20 marks ENDOFTEST