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Ps09 CatCromptLoomWrks FNL
Ps09 CatCromptLoomWrks FNL
CATALOGUE OF LOOMS,
whereby any of four boxes could be obt3ined. Testimony was first taken
in the spring of 1877. and continued from time to time until the fall of
1880. The argument before the court was made in November, 1880.
J udge Lowell gave his opinion and decision in May, 1881, dismissing the
bill; when Crompton appealed from this decision to the Supreme Court of
the United States, leaving the question still unsettled.
After the completion of the box-motion of 1880, and the new "close-
shed" harness-motion connected with it, a mode of taking off the picking,
and then finding the pick by the belt of the 100m, was added. The cylinder
of the harness and drop.box was actuated by a ratchet-motion, as in the old
Crompton" pump-motion" Loom. With very regular speed this worked
very well; but under all circumstances it was defective. ~Iany looms
were made before the ill defects in this movement were discovered. It
has been remedied by the adoption of gearing, and the Gene\'a stop-
motion, as in Crompton Looms made with upright jacks over ten years
ago. By striking one lever the picking may be taken off, and by striking
another lever the pattern cylinder carrying both harness and drop-box
chains is reversed; the belt is moved on to the fast pulley, and the drop-
boxes and harnesses are actuated, the pattern surfaces reversing, and the
pick is found: when the picking is restored, and the shaft re-clutched,
perfect weaving may be resumed. T he girths of the " 1880" loom (ex-
cepting the breast.beam) are made of iron_
The driving-gearing has been moved forward so the driving-pulleys do
not now project beyond the rear of the loom, - a matter of some impor-
tance, as eight looms can now be placed in the same space formerly occu-
pied by seven looms. The" 1880" loom as now made and perfected gives
the highest satisfaction. Those who have of late adopted the" open-shed"
loom made by Knowles, on account of the convenience, and increased
range of pattern of its box-motion, now return to the good old" close-
shed," when it can be had in union with a drop-box motion, which has no
superior, such as now offered to manufacturers in the" 1880" loom.
Many years ago, in 1858 and 185 9. these Works made quite a large
number of looms (for those days) of the "open-shed" character; and
some of them are in motion to-day_ Nine-tenths of them were, however,
changed into" close-shed" for the reason that they made rough cloth, and
in some cases could not weave the patterns put into them. One or two
manufacturers repeated their orders for t he" open-shed" before having an
opportunity to discover the evils of the system. The" open-shed" looms
of the presen t day have the same trouble : very often, where threads
stitch from the back to the facc, and others lie chiefly on the face of the
fabric, the stitching threads will take up yarn so much more than those
wbicb are principally on the surface, that they will break, and the weaving
To TVool/m and Collolt lIfamifac/urers. 9
can no longcr procced until the warp is put into a "close-shed ,. loom,
which, unlike the " open·shed," draws upon all the warp.thrcads equally
at every pick It is universally admitted that the "close·shed" loom
makes the smoother cloth.
I n certain t ests made recently between the Knowlcs "Opcn-shco"
Loom and thc Crompton Im proved" 1880 Closc-shed" Loom on Moscow
hea\'crs, and heavy goods of like charactcr, it was found that thc "close-
shed" was the \·ictor, gaining over its competitor one yard in tcn, and
making smoother cloth. The exact facts may be obtained upon applica-
tion at any time. These \Vorks are ready to test its Improved" 1880"
Loom against any and all comers within ran ge of its capacity (twenty-
se\'cn harnesses and four boxes at each end), as to quality and quantity of
cloth produced with cOI1\'eniencc and ease to the weaver. In referring to
the capacity of th e" 1880" loom, it is stated as twenty-seven harnesses: it
was formerly twcnty-four harnesses. Many years ago, the central support
being taken out of the chain cylinder, it enabled the use of twenty-fh'e
jacks. Bya recent invention, without changing the cylinder, or the stand-
ard length of the chain bars, or the grade of chain tubes and rollers,
twenty-sevcn points of indication are established. and twenty-seven jacks
and harnesses can be employed.
For those manufacturers having decided preference for the "open-
shed" principle for twills and other goods where a low number of har-
nesses arc used, the \Vorks have Pl!rchascd and improved the Faulkner
"open-shed" motion, specially adapted for cotton-warp goods, either
6
broad or narrow. This Faulkner motion combined with thc imprO\-ed
" 1880" box-motion makes a very simple and light-running loom.
In 1868, soon after \Vyman's invention of the compound lever, crank
and gear box-motion, the \Vorks commenced making gingham looms.
The first order of magnitude came from the Renfrew !'I Ianufacturing
Company, in 1870, for three hundred and fifty looms . From that time to
the present, this gingham loom has been considcred the leading loom by
the first-class mills of the country, such as Renfrew Manufacturing Com-
pany, Amoskeag Manufacturing Company, Lancaster Mills, Glasgow
Company, Johnson Manufacturing Company, Whittenton Manufactu ring
Company, Parkhill Manufacturing Company, Gloucester Gingham Mills,
Bates Manufacturing Company, etC., and they show thcir appreciation by
continuous orders. Many thousands are now in use. They arc built
with {our, six, and eight boxes at one end, also fou r boxes at each end;
speed, from one hund red and thirty-five to one hundred and fifty picks.
T he boxes are moved up and down by an absolute movement, always
beginning and ending their movements at certain points, producing an
easy. smooth motion to t he box : any shuttle-box can be brought into
10 To Wool/m {md Collo" Afamt/a&lurers.
position at any pick. The changeable box-motions are easily attached,
and n:l\'c been applied in large numbers to all the common makes of
cotton looms. such as Whit In, Mason, Lowell, Colvin, etc.
L..rge numbers of patent" New-England" dobbies of twenty.harness
capacity, for light fancy cottons, have been applied to the Whittn, Mason,
Lowell, and Colvin looms. These dabbies are governed by chain lags
nod pins, making a cheap hut durable chain: the pins arc locked in the
lags by a patent device. These dobbies will operate at from one hundred
and fifty to one hundred and seventy picks per minute.
Silk looms of excellent design and operation, with patented spedal de-
\'ices for particular adaptation to the wants of silk manufacturers, have
lately been placed on the Paterson market, and give choice satisfaction.
They are of different widths; fitted with twenty.harness dobbies, or
adapted for the mounting of Jacquards. They arc made plain for single
shuttle, or four and six boxes at one end, or four boxes at each end of the
lathe.
The Works will exhibit a liberal assortment of woollen, gingham, and
fancy cotton looms at the New·England Manufacturers' and Mechanics'
I nstitute, at Boston for ,881, ALSO gingham and fancy cotton looms at
the International Cotton Exhibition at Atlanta, Ga.• next October.
Manufacturers are cordially in\'ited to critically examine into the merits
7
of the several Crompton Looms as exhibited at these two important
exhibitions,
It is confidently asserted, that, for variety of fancy looms, no concern
can "ie with the Crompton Loom Works; and it is prepared to show that
its different looms surpass in execution, product, and quality, any machines
of their class.
The Works, now in business for thirty years, relying upon its reputa-
tion for fair dealing, returns thanks for the favors it has reeeh'ed at the
hands of its manufacturing patrons, and respectfully solicits that they
may be continued.
CROMPTON LOOM WORKS,
WOIlCKSTEIt. MASs., GEORGE CROMPTON, Pro/n't/or.
Augult, , 881.
To lPool/en mId Co/lo" lJImmjadllyn-s.
"
PLATE I.
Tills is the fa\'orite loom of the \Vorks. It embodies all that is desira·
ble in this class of looms. The framework is stronger than formerly.
The driving-gearing has been brought forward, so the pulleys do not pro-
ject beyond the rear of the loom: therefore eight looms can be placed in
the same space as seven looms formerly occupied. Besides being more
sightly, and less dangerous to the operative, it facilitates the insertion of
warp beams.
The harness-motion is composed of upright levers whose jacks lie on the
chain without the intervention of fingers. The lifter and depressor also
form the eveners, and move in arcs formed from the centre of oscillation of
the upright levers; and these le\'ers arc so moved, that the rear harnesses
may have a greater range of motion than the front ones. The levers are
notched as in the old loom. The lifter and depressor are made to pause
when the shed is sprung, to facilitate the passage of the shuttle. T he
chain cylinders of the harness and drop-box motions are mounted on the
same shaft, and turned by a geared, intermittent movement from the pick.
ing·shaft. This geared shaft is capable of being clutched or unclutched at
will.
The drop· box movement derives its motion from the bottom shaft.
Geared crank wheels are moved into contact with either of two intermit.
tently moving gears, which cause the cranks to move from one extreme
throw to the other, under the direction of the pattern chain. Connectors
from the cranks move one or both of two levers of such unequal lengths,
that one will move the series of boxes from one to the succeedi ng box,
and the other lever move them through two spaces, and the action of both
levers will move them through three spaces; viz. , from the firs t to the
fourth. A pulley in the bight of a chain which is fastened to each of the
levers is connected to the drop.box after passing under and over carrier
pulleys. A similar series of mechanism, side by aide with that described,
12 To Woollen a.,d Cotton Mam,/actuYcrs.
operates the series of boxes at the other end of the 100m: so the series of
each end is independent of the other, and anyone box of either series can
be brought into line with the shuttle-race at any desired pick.
The chain indicates when and how the box shall move, and each indi-
vidual box of each series will indicate the character of the chain; viz., No.
I Box will have a special" set-up" of rollers and tubes on the chain, and
No.2 Box will have its special "set-up," etc. Therefore, whenever it is
necessary to find a lost pick, the shaft which works the pattern chains of
the harness and drop-box motions may be unclutched and reclutched so
as to reverse: the picking is then disconnected, and the belt moved on to
the fast pulley, and worked pick by pick till the lost pick is discovered,
and a true shed found, when correct weaving may be resumed.
A let·off motion, which is independent of friction, making perfect goods
with greater certainty than the old friction plan, is a special feature of the
H 1880" loom.
This 100m, introduced in I 880, is now in complete order, giving supe·
rior satisfaction to the manufacturers who use it, most of whom have had
experience with al l kinds of looms.
IMPROVED " 1880" BROAD FANCY LOOM.
92 INCHES; 4 + 4 BOX; 27 HARNESS E S.
P LATE I.
14 To Woollen a11d Collon Afanu(aclurers.
PLATE II.
GINGHAM LOOM.
Tills is the most popular gingham loom. Having only four boxes at
one end, it v/orks with case in bringing anyone of the series into line with
the race at a hundred and fifty picks or more peT minute, and is capable
of doing all the ordinary work of a gingham mill. T he shuttle.box moves
up and d ()fI)1I wi th a positive, abso lute movement; whatever the range
may be, the movement commences and ends always at cert ain points,
thus obtaining all the time possible for the box movement. T he combina-
t ion of this positive movement up and down without the aid of friction,
and the occupying of all the time possible, is original with these Works.
T he public is cautioned against using such construction and combination
without the consent of these \ Vo rks, as all infringement will be prosecuted.
CINCHAM LOOM.
TWO LEAF; 4 + J BOX.
PlATE II.
J6 To I-Voollen a1,d Col/on Afallujaduyff's.
PLATE III.
GINGHAM LOOM:.
Tills gingham loom has four Iioxes at each end, and the apparatus
for working the boxes is a partial duplication of the devices {or working
+
the 4 I box. This loom has a stop-motion at each end between the
selvage and the shuttle-box : so the loom can be stopped instantly when-
ever the filling breaks. This loom operates at about a hundred and thirty.
five picks per minute.
Large numbers of gingham looms have been made with six boxes at
one end of the lathe. The principle of box 'movement is the same as that
of Plate II J.; and, in order to obtain any of the boxes at will, an additional
lever is mounted on the four-box lever. This six-box loom has proved
popular, and has lately been strengthened in many of its working_parts.
h will run without extra repairs at one hundred and forty picks or more
per minute.
CINCHAM LOO M.
TWO LEAF; .. + .. BOX.
I
PLATE III.
18 To Woollm a11d Coltrnt Afa1lt~/a(luy"s.
PLATE IV,
.. NEW·ENGLAND" DOBBY,
Pu.n tV.