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Comparison of Medium Voltage Earthing Systems - EEP PDF
Comparison of Medium Voltage Earthing Systems - EEP PDF
The various earthing systems in medium voltage systems are different in the way they
operate and each has its advantagesand disadvantages, which we shall now consider.
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Comparison of Medium Voltage Earthing Systems | EEP http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/medium-voltage-earthing-systems...
Operating technique: Compulsory switching on occurrence of the first insulation fault.
Advantages:
Go back to Index ↑
2. Unearthed neutral
Description:
There is no electrical connection between the neutral point and earth, except for
measuring or protective devices. A high impedance is inserted between the neutral point
and earth.
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Operating technique:
Advantages:
Provides continuity of service by only tripping upon occurrence of the second fault,
subject to the network capacity not leading to a high earth fault current that would
be dangerous for personnel and loads on occurrence of the first fault.
Disadvantages:
The unearthed neutral involves:
The use of equipment whose phase-to-earth insulation level is at least equal to that
of the phase-to-phase level. Indeed, when a permanent phase-earth fault
occurs, the voltage of both unaffected phases in relation to earth takes on the value
of the phase-to-phase voltage if tripping is not triggered on occurrence of the first
fault. Cables, rotating machines, transformers and loads must therefore be chosen
with this in mind;
The risk of high internal overvoltages making it advisable to reinforce the equipment
insulation;
The compulsory insulation monitoring, with visual and audible indication of the first
fault if tripping is not triggered until the second fault occurs;
The presence of maintenance personnel to monitor and locate the first fault during
use;
Some difficulties implementing selective protection devices upon occurrence of the
first fault;
The risk of ferroresonance.
Go back to Index ↑
3. Resistance earthing
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Advantages:
back to Index ↑
Go
4. Reactance earthing
Limiting reactance earthing
Description: A reactor is inserted between the neutral point and earth.
Advantages:
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Disadvantages:
Go back to Index ↑
A reactor L tuned to the network capacities is inserted between the neutral point and
earth so that if an earth fault occurs, the fault current is zero.
If = IL + IC
Where:
If – fault current
IL – current in the neutral earthing reactor
IC – current in the phase-earth capacitances
Advantages:
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Comparison of Medium Voltage Earthing Systems | EEP http://electrical-engineering-portal.com/medium-voltage-earthing-systems...
Disadvantages:
Recommended EE articles //
About Author //
Edvard Csanyi
Edvard - Electrical engineer, programmer and founder of EEP.
Highly specialized for design of LV high power busbar trunking
(<6300A) in power substations, buildings and industry fascilities.
Designing of LV/MV switchgears.Professional in AutoCAD
programming and web-design.Present on Google+
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