TECHNIQUES OF TRAINING

PROGRAMMED INSTRUCTION

This method of training is an attempt to individualize training by letting each trainee

control his direct interaction with the program material e.g. Correspondence course.

Steps in training process

1. The entire subject matter is broken down into a large number of small units/frames
2. Frames are put into an instructional sequence
3. Learner maters one step at a time
4. Continued responding – As he works through the program, the learner responds to
each step, either fills in blank, makes a choice from alternatives, etc.
5. Immediate knowledge or Result – Program Instructions is designed such that a learner
can immediately know whether his answer is correct or wrong.
6. Process of learning is elf paced

Program Instruction method is used when :

 Training objective is to give rather than change an attitude

 When subject matter is stable and required by a large number of persons
 You cannot conveniently gather trainees together
 You have a wide difference in trainees ability to learn
 You have enough time and resources to prepare the program
 When learner motivation is high

SIMIULATION

This training is based on experiential learning

Participants learn by experiencing through duplication of the basic process and features
of actual on the job behaviour.

Useful for
 Safety during training
 Avoids costly mistakes taking place on the job
 Trainee can experiment with new behaviour
 LABORATORY TRAINING / T - GROUP TRAINING /
SENSITIVITY TRAINING

This is a form of group training primarily used to enhance interpersonal skills. It can also
be used to develop desired behavior for future job responsibilities. Paticipants seek to
improve their human relationship skill by better understanding themselves and others.
Laboratory training involves sharing experiences and examining the feelings, behaviours,
perceptions and reactions that result.

A trained professional usually serves as a facilitator. The process relies on participation,

feedback and repetition.

One popular form of laboratory training is the SENSOTIVITY TRAINING, which seeks
to improve a parent’s sensitivity to the feelings of others.

Features of Laboratory Training/Sensitivity Training :

 Comprises of small group of trainees

 Trainer is NOT a leader – Is a co-ordinator
 Rules for group – No agenda
- No leader
- Focus on the here and how situation
(what you feeling now and how you react now to the group)
 Trainees begin to work together to develop as a group and observe their own process
of discussion
 Factors like power, authority, needs, interpersonal relations, etc come into play and
are focused on and discussed
 Trainees learn to identify their feelings and understand them, and see how these work
in their own environment
 The training may be supplemented by games, examples, role play to throw up
material for interaction
 Trainees go through periods of shock, frustration and hospitality
 Trainer serves as a resource person and role model. Expresses himself openly and
honestly
 Trainer needs a lot of experience and skill to handle this kind of training
VESTIBULE TRAINING

This method attempts to duplicate On the job situation, in a compartmentalized manner,

in a company classroom

This technique enables an employee to concentrate on new skills rather than on

performing an actual job.

Theoretical training is given in the classroom while the practical work is conducted on
the production line. A single skill is taught at one time.

It is an efficient method of training semi-skilled personnel, particularly when amny

employees have to be trained for the same kind of work at the same time. Used to train
clerks, bank tellers, inspectors, machine operators, typists etc. It is useful when concepts,
attitudes, theories and problem solving abilities have to be taught.

Training is generally given in the form of lectures conferences, case studies , role play,
discussions, etc.

Merits of Vestibule training

1. Since it is given in a separate room, distractions are minimized

2. Specialists trainers can be better utilized
3. Correct methods can be taught form the beginning of the training
4. Trainee can practice without fear of supervision or ridicule

Demerits of vestibule training

1. Splitting of responsibilities leads to organizational problems

2. Additional expensed – due to class set up and having persons leave the workplace
3. This method has limited usage
4. Sometimes the training situation is artificial