Process Control 1

Assignment 2

Question 1

State input, state and output variables for the following systems:

(a) Natural gas transportation pipe between the gas manufacturer and an industry user. The
pipe is being investigated for gas pressure loss.
(b) A human body in a 50 degrees Celsius environment, investigated for keeping the body
temperature at 37.5 degrees Celsius.
(c) Air conditioning (heating and cooling) of a lecture room with the purpose of minimizing
energy consumption by temperature optimization.

Question 2

Specify the systems discussed in Question 1 as:

(a) Dynamic and static with

(b) Lumped and distributed parameters

Question 3

Figure 1: heat exchanger

(a) Draw a diagram and show transfer paths for the heat transfer process in Figure 1.
(b) Write a mathematical model for it with each term explained.

Question 4

Give at least three advantages and disadvantages on each of automatic control compared with the
manual control. Why do you think automatic control is considered the best in complex industrial
processes?
Question 5

Consider three CSTRs in series, Figure 2. These reactors are isothermal, perfectly mixed, perfectly
insulated and reaction takes place only in the liquid phase. They function at the same temperature,
have different holdups, same density and different outflows. The reaction is A B, with ∆Hr =
0.

Figure 2: Three CSTRs in series

(a) What are the output, input and state variables of the system? (use symbols used on the
diagram)
(b) Write mathematical model equations (Hint: 12 equations)
(c) Using substitution in the formulas generated, solve for CB1, CB2 AND CB3.