Water Supply—Basic Requirements Water Supply ~ an adequate supply of cold water of drinking quality should be provided to every residential building and @ drinking water tap installed within the building. The installation should be designed to prevent waste, undue consumption, misuse, contamination of general supply, be Protected against corrosion and frost damage and be accessible for maintenance activities. The intake of a cold water supply to a building is owned jointly by the water authority and the consumer who therefore have joint maintenance responsibilities Typical Water Supply Arrangement ~ site boundary —— ty of auth property consumer ~ see page 554 expansion loop or goose neck to relieve stress on — cast iron connection due to pipe surface box settlement (BS 5834: | Part 2) 750mm minimum ground for frost dine ee Protec Olea valve guard in cloyware (BS 5834: Part 1) screw - mass concrete bose to suit communication pipe eubseil type at right angles to water authority main stop valve water main - fully charged with water under pressureEOC oo Water Supply - Basics Requirements site boundary Property Property of consumer bats scat Lene en) a of water Hee authority - 750 mm_minimum see previous [Tuntess insutated “| page | against freezing ! external wall {] service pipe or W rising main to storage cistern and drinking water tap drain down service or supply pipe minimum internal diameter ground 15 mm 4 end of pipe sealed with plastic or mastic | to stop valve and main - see Previous page —_— be} 750 mm minimum>} service pipe must not “tast 600 mm pass through a drainage of service inspection chamber pipe to be insulated - pipes passing under foundations should be protective encased in mass concrete | Pipe to be sealed with Service Pipe Materials - | Plastic or unprotected iron - not suitable imostic unprotected steel - not suitable 7S tam diameter galvanised steel - may be acceptable to water authority drain pipes as lead - prohibited protection for copper - BS 2871 Table Y acceptable service pipe plastic - blue polyethylene BS 6572 under building and uPVC BS 3505 are acceptable 554Cold Water Installations General ~ when planning or designing any water installation the basic physical laws must be considered - 1 He is subject to the force of gravity and will find its own eve To overcome friction within the conveying pipes water which is stored prior to distribution will require to be under pressure and this is normally achieved by storing the water at a level above the level of the outlets. The vertical distance between these levels is usually called the head 3. Water becomes less dense as its temperature is raised therefore warm water will always displace colder water whether in a closed or open circuit Direct Cold Water Systems ~ the cold water is supplied to the outlets at mains pressure the only storage requirement is a small capacity cistern to feed the hot water storage tank. These systems are suitable for districts which have high level reservoirs with a good supply and pressure. The main advantage is that drinking water is available from all cold water outlets, disadvantages include lack of reserve in case of supply cut off, risk of back syphonage due to negative mains pressure and a risk of reduced pressure during peak demand periods Typical Direct Cold Water System ~ 114 litre feed cistern to hot water cylinder 22 mm dia. overflow and warning pipe isolating valve ———»} 15mm_ dia. rising main or service pipe 22 mm dia cold feed pipe hot water storage cylinder to water main ——r4ll NB all pipe sizes given are outside diameters for copper tube 555| / Cold Water Installations Indirect Systems ~ cold water is supplied to all outlets from a cold water storage cistern except for the cold water supply to the sink(s) where the drinking water tap is connected directly to incoming supply from the main. This system requires more Pipework than the direct system but it reduces the risk of back syphonage and provides a reserve of water should the mains supply fail or be cut off. The local water authority will stipulate the system to be used in their area. Indirect Cold Water System ~ cold water storage cistern minimum capacity 230 litres if used as a teed cistern and storage or 115 litres for storage only 7 Typical dust proof cover 22 mm dia overflow and warning ir pipe isolating valves! 22 mm dia. cold water distribution pipe - 114 litre hot water storage cylinder. j-WC cistern 22 mm dia cold teed pipe overtlow pipe Y 15mm | 22mm dia — dia 15 mm dia, cold water distribution pipe dia 15 mm dia. service pipe ; 1 or rising main ———-——— >} 22 mm dia. overflow pipe drinking water ei outlet ————> SINK we A drain valve drain off tap or valve stop valve ——>) i de diameters for copper tude to water main NB all pipe sizes given are outsi 556