Majorization and Variational Principles for Eigenvalues

Majorization in Rn and some of its properties. The concept of majorization plays an

important role in matrix analysis by producing several useful relationships. There is a strong
relationship between majorization and doubly stochastic matrices. This relation has been
perfectly described in Birkhoff's Theorem.
Inequalities that are used for localising the spectrum of a Hermitian operator have been
discussed. We can calculate eigenvalues in some specified intervals with these inequalities. In
this report The Minimax Principle for Eigenvalues, Weyl's Inequalities, Wielandt's Minimax
Principle, Lidskii's Theorems & Eigenvalues of Real Parts and Singular Values have been
discuss