1.

2.

3. Write down the symbolic equations for these neutralization reactions:

a) magnesium oxide and nitric acid
b) sodium hydroxide and sulphuric acid
c) aqueous ammonia and hydrochloric acid
d) calcium carbonate and sulphuric acid
4. How is soil acidity reduced?
5. Aluminium oxide is an amphoteric oxide. What does amphoteric mean? Write down the
reactions of aluminum oxide with HCl and with sodium hydroxide.
6. What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid? Give examples of a strong
acid and a weak acid.
7. How to produce an insoluble salt like barium sulphate?
8. If 10mL of 0.1M HCl is mixed with 25mL of 0.1M NaOH is the resulting solution acidic or
basic? What is the concentration of the acid/base solution that is formed?
9. The following “cycle of copper” experiment is performed in some general chemistry
laboratories. The series of reactions starts with copper and ends with metallic copper. The steps
are as follows: (1) A piece of copper wire of known mass is allowed to react with concentrated
nitric acid [the products are copper(II) nitrate, nitrogen dioxide, and water]. (2) The copper(II)
nitrate is treated with a sodium hydroxide solution to form copper(II) hydroxide precipitate. (3)
On heating, copper(II) hydroxide decomposes to yield copper(II) oxide. (4) The copper(II) oxide
is reacted with concentrated sulfuric acid to yield copper(II) sulfate. (5) Copper(II) sulfate is
treated with an excess of zinc metal to form metallic copper. (6) The remaining zinc metal is
removed by treatment with hydrochloric acid, and metallic copper is filtered, dried, and
weighed.
(a) Write a balanced equation for each step and classify the reactions.
(b) Assuming that a student started with 65.6 g of copper, calculate the theoretical yield at each
step.
(c) Considering the nature of the steps, comment on why it is possible to recover most of the
copper used at the start.