Kelompok 3

X = r 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑
Y = r 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑
Z = r 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

𝛿𝑋 = Sin𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 dr+ r𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑d𝜃- r𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 d𝜑

𝛿𝑌 = Sin𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 dr+ r𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 d𝜃+ r𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 d𝜑
𝛿𝑍 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 dr – r𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃d𝜃
𝛿𝑟 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 dx + Sin𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 dy + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 dz
1
𝛿𝜃 = (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑dx +𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 dy – 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 dz
𝑟
1
𝛿𝜑= − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑𝑑𝑥-𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑dy
𝑟Sin𝜃

𝛿 𝛿 𝛿𝑟 𝛿 𝛿𝜃 𝛿 𝛿𝜑
= + +
𝛿𝑋 𝛿𝑋 𝛿𝑟 𝛿𝑋 𝛿𝜃 𝛿𝑋 𝛿𝜑
𝛿𝑟 𝛿 𝛿𝜃 𝛿 𝛿𝜑 𝛿
= + +
𝛿𝑋 𝛿𝑟 𝛿𝑋 𝛿𝜃 𝛿𝑋 𝛿𝜑
𝛿 1 𝛿 1 𝛿
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑
𝛿𝑟 𝑟 𝛿𝜃 𝑟Sin𝜃 𝛿𝜑
𝛿 𝛿 𝛿𝑟 𝛿 𝛿𝜃 𝛿 𝛿𝜑
= + +
𝛿𝑦 𝛿𝑦 𝛿𝑟 𝛿𝑦 𝛿𝜃 𝛿𝑦 𝛿𝜑
𝛿𝑟 𝛿 𝛿𝜃 𝛿 𝛿𝜑 𝛿
= + +
𝛿𝑦 𝛿𝑟 𝛿𝑦 𝛿𝜃 𝛿𝑦 𝛿𝜑
𝛿 1 𝛿 1 𝛿
= Sin𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑
𝛿𝑟 𝑟 𝛿𝜃 𝑟Sin𝜃 𝛿𝜑

𝛿 𝛿 𝛿𝑟 𝛿 𝛿𝜃 𝛿 𝛿𝜑
= + +
𝛿𝑧 𝛿𝑧 𝛿𝑟 𝛿𝑧 𝛿𝜃 𝛿𝑧 𝛿𝜑
𝛿𝑟 𝛿 𝛿𝜃 𝛿 𝛿𝜑 𝛿
= + +
𝛿𝑧 𝛿𝑟 𝛿𝑧 𝛿𝜃 𝛿𝑧 𝛿𝜑
𝛿 1 𝛿
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 - 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝛿𝑟 𝑟 𝛿𝜃

𝛿 𝛿
𝐿⃗z= -iћ (𝑋 -𝑌 )
𝛿𝑌 𝛿𝑋
𝛿 1 𝛿 1 𝛿 𝛿 1 𝛿 1 𝛿
= -iћ {𝑋( Sin𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 )+(Y(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 ))}
𝛿𝑟 𝑟 𝛿𝜃 𝑟Sin𝜃 𝛿𝜑 𝛿𝑟 𝑟 𝛿𝜃 𝑟Sin𝜃 𝛿𝜑
𝛿 1 𝛿 1 𝛿 𝛿 1 𝛿
=-iћ{r 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑( Sin𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 )+(r 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑
𝛿𝑟 𝑟 𝛿𝜃 𝑟Sin𝜃 𝛿𝜑 𝛿𝑟 𝑟 𝛿𝜃
1 𝛿
− 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 ))}
𝑟Sin𝜃 𝛿𝜑
 𝛿 𝛿 𝛿 𝛿 𝛿
= -iћ {(r 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜑 ) – (r 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜑 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜑 -
𝛿𝑟 𝛿𝜃 𝛿𝜑 𝛿𝑟 𝛿𝜃
𝛿
𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜑 )}
𝛿𝜑
𝛿 𝛿
= -iћ(𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜑 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜑 )
𝛿𝜑 𝛿𝜑

= -iћ (1)
= -iћ

𝝏 𝝏
⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑳𝑿 = −𝒊ℏ (𝒚 −𝒛 )
𝝏𝒛 𝝏𝒚

𝝏 𝟏 𝝏 𝝏 𝟏 𝝏 𝟏 𝝏
= −𝒊ℏ [𝒓 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 (𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 ) − 𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 (𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 )
𝝏𝒓 𝒓 𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝒓 𝒓 𝝏𝜽 𝒓 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 𝝏𝝋 ]

𝝏 𝝏
= 𝒊ℏ (𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 + 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 )
𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋

𝝏 𝝏
⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑳𝒀 = −𝒊ℏ (𝒛 −𝒙 )
𝝏𝒙 𝝏𝒛
 𝝏 𝟏 𝝏 𝟏 𝝏 𝝏 𝟏 𝝏
= −𝒊ℏ [𝒓 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 (𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 + 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 ) − 𝒓 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 (𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 − 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 )]
𝝏𝒓 𝒓 𝝏𝜽 𝒓 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 𝝏𝝋 𝝏𝒓 𝒓 𝝏𝜽
𝝏 𝝏
= −𝒊ℏ (𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 − 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 )
𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋

⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑳+ = ⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝒀
𝑳𝑿 + 𝒊𝑳
𝝏 𝝏 𝝏 𝝏
= 𝒊ℏ (𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 + 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 ) + ℏ (𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 − 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 )
𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋 𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋
𝝏 𝒊𝝋 𝝏 𝒊𝝋
=ℏ 𝒆 + ℏ 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒊𝒆
𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋
𝝏 𝝏
= ℏ𝒆𝒊𝝋 ( + 𝒊 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏 )
𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋

⃗⃗⃗⃗− = ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑳 ⃗⃗⃗⃗𝒀
𝑳𝑿 − 𝒊𝑳
𝝏 𝝏 𝝏 𝝏
= 𝒊ℏ {𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 + 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 } − 𝒊 {𝒊ℏ (−𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 + 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 )}
𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋 𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋
𝝏 𝝏 𝝏 𝝏
= 𝒊ℏ𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 + 𝒊ℏ𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 − 𝒊(𝒊ℏ𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 + 𝒊ℏ𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 )
𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋 𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋
 𝝏 𝝏 𝝏 𝝏
= 𝒊ℏ𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 + 𝒊ℏ𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 − ℏ𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 + ℏ𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 )
𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋 𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋
𝝏 𝝏
= ℏ {(𝒊𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋) + (𝒊𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 + 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋) }
𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋
𝝏 𝝏
= ℏ {(𝒊𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 + 𝒊𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋) + ( 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝝋 − 𝒊 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝝋)𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 }
𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋
𝝏 𝝏
= ℏ {−𝒆−𝒊𝝋 + 𝒊𝒆𝒊𝝋 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 }
𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋
𝝏 𝝏
= ℏ𝒆−𝒊𝝋 (− + 𝒊 𝒄𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒏𝜽 )
𝝏𝜽 𝝏𝝋
 2 2
L  L  . L   L z   L z

L  2 2 2
   
 2
 i



 cot an 2 2
 2

1  
tan  


 i 

2
   
     i
   



 


2
L   2  2 
i cot an2
 2 
2 2
 i
 2  2 


2
L   2  2
 2
cot an2
2 2

 2  2

2  1   cos2  2  2 
L   2   sin   
 sin   sin2  2  2 

2  1    2 cos2 sin2 
L   2   sin  (  )
 sin    2 sin2 sin2 

2  1   2 1 
L   2   sin  
 sin    2 sin2  

 2 
 2 2  1   1  
L   sin 
 sin   2   2 
 sin 