UB00602

Unit 1:
Present time
 PRESENT TIME (TENSE)
I. Simple present
Use:
a) to express the idea that an action is repeated or usual. The action can
be a habit, a hobby, a daily event, a scheduled event or something that
often happens

b) to indicate facts or make generalisations about people or thing.

II. Present Progressive (Be –verb + Base form + -ing)

Use:
a) To describe an action that is happening exactly now.

b) Non-action verbs are not normally used with present progressive. They
are usually used with simple present.
III. Present Perfect ( Have + Past Participle)
Use:
a) To indicate something which started in the past and continues until
now. It is often used with for + a length of time ; since + a starting
point

Past Participle
• The past participle of a verb is a verb form that appears with the perfect
tenses. The past participle can be either regular or irregular.
• The regular verbs are formed by adding -ed to the verb:
IV. Present perfect and Present perfect progressive

• Both tenses are used to express that an action began in the past and is
still going on or has just finished. In many cases, both forms are
correct, but there is often a difference in meaning in terms of:
a) Completion of action
b) Duration of action
c) Situation of action
References
• Fuchs, M., Bonner, M. & Westheimer, M. (2012). Focus
on grammar 3: An integrated skills approach (4th ed.). New
York: Pearson Education, Inc.
• Maurer, J. (2012). Focus on grammar 5 (4th ed.). New York:
Pearson Education