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Hydraulic Design of Energy Dissipators for Culverts and Channels

Hydraulic Engineering Circular Number 14, Third Edition
Chapter 9: Streambed Level Dissipators
This chapter contains energy dissipators for culvert outlets that are designed to operate at the streambed
level and reestablish natural flow conditions downstream from the culvert outlet. They are also intended to
drain by gravity when not in operation. The following sections contain limitations, design guidance, and
design examples for the following energy dissipators:
• Colorado State University (CSU) rigid boundary basin
• Contra Costa basin
• Hook basin
• U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) Type VI impact basin
9.1 CSU Rigid Boundary Basin
The Colorado State University (CSU) rigid boundary basin, illustrated in Figure 9.1, uses staggered rows of
roughness elements to initiate a hydraulic jump (Simons, 1970). CSU tested a number of basins with
different roughness configurations to determine the average drag coefficient over the roughened portion of
the basins. The effects of the roughness elements are reflected in a drag coefficient that was derived
empirically for each roughness configuration. The experimental procedure was to measure depths and
velocities at each end of the control volume illustrated in Figure 9.2, and compute the basin drag coefficient
CB, from the momentum equation by balancing the forces acting on the volume of fluid.
Figure 9.1. CSU Rigid Boundary Basin

http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/engineering/hydraulics/pubs/06086/hec14ch09.cfm 25/07/2011