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    85 views14 pages

    Solar Car PDF

    Uploaded by

    bfranck

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 14
    ~ page 1 Solar Car Project * Goal: design and construct a small solar powered vehicle that will climb a ramp at max possible speed. * Approach: Select transmission ratio (gears, wheel radius) that will extract max power from solar panels and motor. Construct lightest possible vehicle with lowest friction. * Background theory needed: (i) solar panel characteristics; (ii) DC motor characteristics (iii) concept of power matching Pee Vehicle components * Solar Panels * DC Motor * Gearbox (you need to select the optimal gear ratio) * Wheels (you need to select the optimal wheel radius) * Chassis (you need to minimize weight) 1-V curve, one panel (Cis Foc se ea ~page 2 ~ page 3 yPwn 10. Theory/Design Calculations Design problem #1: Consider car traveling up slope with speed V. Motor produces a power P. Find a formula for V Concept of power curves for a motor (or actuator) Concept of gearbox reduction ratio and Transmission ratio Effects of power curve and transmission ratio on car speed Design problem #2: If the motor produces its maximum power at a motor angular speed w, what gear ratio/wheel radius will maximize car speed V? Theory of DC electric motors Design problem #3: calculate properties of electric motor from manufacturers data Solar panel equations Design problem #4: calculate the constants for the solar panels ). Design problem #5: calculate the power curve for the panel/motor system _page 3 L pase # Sofae Lic paject Gaal: Desremn a_Vehicle tb clmb_ a cainps —— @) “wax speed, A ppasch Minune Friction QL weight Design a Fransmiwoin fo Maxam. 13a Powe dra ed ftom panel Marat _page 4 Design Problem #1: Ss Le h=s oO The solar cell/motor produce a power P Vv Car climbs a slope with angle @ at constant speed —_ @ —___ Estimate the speed V tome finch of Pw avail’ as ata) Lor. L cost "(ost to fiichin) Useful Power HP Y« OL as ques 7 q v CG Work ~tnerqy P= A (RE_+PEY “ ae => 4? dh = mpage cmb > lV UP mg shh © Aeeame. W wide _page 5 Design Problem #2: Motor producesa maximum power Pax ste pone up P at angularspeed aay ai tis connectedto the vehicles axle through a ae Pmaxe gearbox with reduction ratio Ooty / Ogle =P Calculate the wheel diameterthat will maximize @ wale elo the vehiclesspeed up the ramp. Wmay 1g Sind. ?. PeseT Operation of a simple DC motor oe PRA MU, a Bem Power supply (e.g. Battery, or in this project the solar cell) applies voltage to motor Voltage induces current flow through winding Current _page 7 reracts with magnetic field to generate torque page 8 BL ~ constants VR = reorhonce. ia id T={el=7 =% 6 RI> Ts \ CO ert Tita 8 = constants To. Stabe Lach, Ce edly curcenrt Jai drag _page 8 Design Problem #3: Using manufacturers data,calculate {R, 2,7), 9} Measuredstallcurrent I,=284 e- @ 8Y Von re ‘A uANE REN aa ope, | $ vere | aa ‘eco coen| wen bum four] ee | mance’ wow [Rem | A | RPM | A w | & [eecnfonen) 9 [isa fname | won| ew | ia | an ee | —_ Veal War iat Mo meded — % g————— Plus into mojo? ens = Lnt—= (V="B We )/R O= BIne ~To —Dy Ung t Zs VIR = § 7% OVE. G Con STON. _page 9 “page 10 Solar Cell Characteristics * Aphotoelectric cell is a junction Sunlight between P/N semiconductors — (it behaves like a diode) * One material is photoelectric — illumination provides energy to promote electrons (or holes) into conduction band. The P/N junction forces the charge carriers to flow through the external circuit Load Increasing light intensity & Temperature L Electronic charge 1=Jp- Le"? -1) No. cells in panel (a constant) x Forwardcurrent Reverse saturation current (a constant) page 10 (increases with lightintensity) Design Problem #4 vet SolarPanelEquation I = Ig —I(e7”/"*" — 1) _— ist oa - L,,q.k,T are known constants L-V curve, one panel IV curves have been measured a go y Jos Xo @ z E Find Ig,” Plt Thea Appaach > Pol — lata i 4 Phi_predichan of formula Adjust Lo, no atk earorghlo 4 v —page 11 Design Problem #5 Plot the power curve for the solar panel-motor combination Mechanical power oupat sp gain ities a 1 x wT —___ %» / \ aa 7 ——Gpuahon 2 T= Ly = Tap (pV oT J =I) T= V=BBIR T= GL =F — lel P= 7 WwW D ie of 6 Payot _ Si 5 © Vv : —page 12 Calculating power curve for your system Parametric plot of Pv «@ with motor voltage V as parameter — use MATLAB or excel T= 1p -h(et""™*" -1) noe2, 1=(V - foj/ R P=To palAl-To-r00 I>To/P 0 I

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