SUMMARY OF KANT

Thus, according to Kant: Both rationalism and empiricism are wrong when they claim that we can
know things in themselves.

Rationalists are wrong not to trust senses; in the phenomenal world, senses are all we have.

Rationalists are right about innate ideas, but not in Plato’s sense of Forms. It is much more like
Descartes in the argument of the wax.

Hume is wrong when he claims the concept of self is unsupported by senses, and thus bogus. Rather,
the experiencing self is a pre-condition for having any experience at all. (Descartes was right).

Hume is wrong when he says the notion that the future will resemble the past is due only to custom and
habit. That notion is a SAP; we couldn’t have ordinary experience without it.

Hume is wrong when he says the source of morality is feeling. Morality, properly understood, provides
the key to linking the noumenal and phenomenal worlds. Kant argues that if morality is real, then
human freedom is real, and therefore humans are not merely creatures of the phenomenal world.