305-7s0x7 070 -o88 82.090 ‘A Formal Theory of Underdevelopment or a Methodology for the Analysis of Concrete Situations of Underdevelopment? GABRIEL PALMA? Insteute of Latin American Studies. Unlversity of London Par Magdalene 1. miTRODUCTION and the pont 1968 ECLA ctigee of the com ‘entonal theory of isteraton! wage and May one ak f theory of dependency’ It Tonomie development so, at general impiations dom t have for “The complet woot of the. dependency Stempetsy deveoprst etateey? Doe analysand the vse of intedecta tai fing ‘under the Sepeodeney" abel tects of Wonton whch thoy divw mae ay attempt at ‘ch 'vese ature tat ic'would be more comprabeaie sve ticle Te aicty fpr o tua of + choo of tren ‘ke difernt aproucer within that school? [Aid io, hat merges mig och (See have Tor contmporty development fet Inecapbly tote copclaton that development ‘Simpombe win te wore captatse ye ‘hr'aking demlopment tsepatteerant, tat win tat sytem. Othe, on te ote! fend shape pom tt ibe ie patel devapoest tay for TE the probe of exzacsng cect etons lzom the depnaracy ania fica one, ‘Xiao lial o survey what hes been fife tnd tins conan veo {Efe Ameri dol, finial ation and of the postr deaiopment of trations Slt and swag te ‘supra rom ‘S0b ese teen dtonr sete ng Ee arenes Mure vate conceaing tt ‘velopment of eps in backare ations,on wort DevELonaxr se major these of simply eecting sade ‘Scnadany ia aden and maton aces ‘theo sclaray Sse tale eae of nent arthodoty Aides to tie ee fact {atm one may oc sothe tote Bae ‘Snttbuted othe dependeney cool hee ‘te recy tad acl volved i the ao Pokal rugs and cantare of por ok ‘Amenc Not only tur ts lft an inceibie mart on thei own rks but I at Site ed htt opponents to ius the ee by Slrviag the bee to prey Isealopel ta Sn” Gu ad fo the Sonfuson moaning ‘Be dependency testy oe! by promoting st Ise eoledcusion wit dee aeat tontlnton of eo tad EP ates tat previous sive of depecr any wrings have in pares ele to Sly slice ite foo the tion of int ou ote depen of a (Bet deal of mosncentandag The tore ‘tempted porcculay to. pce it iti a ‘enim, Mactan 1 py comple suet, icser contain tothe seas of Semopneat of ep ack mations {he says bee beer ean oer (2) latty (be conceptual staat sound sich he deat rors, (Dshow how many of ie debates among Stpeadency ters eco tina tebtet ‘REN oor pce ue with he Mast {Teition tous iy some case the Fle ‘neha ot bes at append on (ByShow heprotions eed sesking ‘thick Yolowed the sppret fare of ECLA pred poli of imprecision oe ‘ehaiaston T diaguh te approaches within he sendeny tote ta eonchie tat te mort ‘tte tales re how hack ve ae (Pra terms Ihave elected cof tat the ‘Eeetbuion of dpenteney Sar Seo 2 sow mor ateqee of deepest roveper 4 general tan an etenpt to make practi Setvetoas 08 2. SALIENT FEATURES OF THE MARXIST DbeBATE ON caPiTaList DEVELOPMENT IN BACKWARD NATIONS Te Mare st at seg fe et ae ee So ceree f etic Sr etal manatee Soc Sporeansen eat re ceeme oe eee tae Seen sae Bate, cea A ee fic mined att ‘stem f iteration atone of dependency ‘Thich itor the exons development of Even mor, ie concede wate which. te ‘Siwar counts have famuhed the neds of {he advanced courses within the mer so ‘ones rhe, and aaiyse the way wach tSee retin of domination ane cen ‘velop! if not, we thal End ours mang ony ese ina oe spt hh gor, Sete, oe ‘ea ‘cs nears Be ae apd Rineor Gat Otis eae iy oh 1 The Mera concep of pera! “The suena charcteiie wish dine tutes the ey in wish Warn pet ths ‘etlonihip5f domination tn abecton wife Inthe contest in which ents om n ‘other socials sn haste aveloy: ‘bena) it an inthe ater condtions of ‘rodaedon: whe nowarst ‘sarpretatont [Ray be baad equal snd time tr, on ‘Getioeal politcal coonomi, socal oF cl ‘Sta ctor’ Neverthe the Marni anlyssn interpretation of imperiti Soe 208 deny iR'aay way ts sopertrecrara elements tat ‘uy fave bee recent n te ern sages of ‘oc ete mets he a ‘ate bu deny the impomane Bf the ‘ipestructral siemens sto fal to underand ‘Be mponantleedbck of naman comcoue See nt the mteal wo. What Seana fo Mut terpotons of impenaion he ‘erence i he inl napa a hee and other ‘Spersrctrl ements Yo the mater tae site they devon Neverthe no win to one {elted inthe tal analy fhe teal ae {hich they fvlop we asa need fo Enow fhe" concrete forme in"wuch te (woe ‘nnected, Tak bas Seen one of tie mort siberian See a a, ‘Satine at eon etna oe ‘ermeumes that canatons ie and sorstine {hat i eomeponce to" Thee at lest geement among Marat at chases te toe we meceaey tat not Saft fr hte inthe npertractae, Tha fost, ent athe sipewracare are read ‘ens eke mater uw f society st do 1 ware ae ifleent tems Yo rete tote ‘ition, tar aw neerthlew Pestge [Si wore wher ofr the nese) ltents {lt iar indestandiag o is potion Inte brtee fo che ses edtion af Tar Shorey Eumave of Lous Bonapare for example, ‘rite in 7669" explains that condoning tonal ezeunrancn (het i owe extra {othe wil of icvdua) determine ony he ‘estates steal stursomy ot the Sas of ther fare development Ta the lve wi be mage of the Roan se pele aa ee Feipect Lin for Nyt constant cebted ibe Mesina eetemanee iw ite ected tat 13 pT) ‘Te ingore ofthe mater conditions ofthe poses a oduct whith ena are fo fake ofthis pect of human actnty the omerstone of socal aciuey and store ‘evelopment (and hence ier) ree ‘hat for Sim dour the SOM. ance’ be had” demonstaed ‘noni af xpi te proceso exe ton of srpa aue atthe oe ofthe Sa ee grisce 4: Conrdbuson 16 he Cig of Pose! Economy (1859)