‘Table 28.2. Characteristics of production system (Production control systems) Characte- Tob oniter Batch production Continuous istics pe or similar process production T 2 [3 + Examples Provotype models, ‘Shoe making, cloth ‘Automobile ‘machine tool manufacturing, industry electrical manufacturing, forging, appliances, household special projets, casting processes, and appliances Jargeturbogenerator, | chemical plants et sugar mill, boilers, ship building toy manufacturing, ‘material, handling ‘company. Glass manu- system, Special elec- fecturing ttonicequipments etc. EndProduct | Nonstandard (unique) | Standard (similar) Standard Gndentcaly (2) Quantity, ‘Very small. Wide range of products Few standard products and produet | The product design are manufacture in small ae manufactured design changes from one {quantities in lots. The in large quantities. order to another product design changes ‘The productdesign from lot according to product isto be done only once specifications (3) Equipment | General purpose General purpose Special purpose used (4) Type of Process layout Process layout or Product layout plantlayout (functional) combination (5) Skill of Highly skilled to handle Skilled since there Semi-skilled or unskilled. worker special jobs is frequent changes in Since the manufacturing product design and activities become a machine setup foreach lot, routine funetion © Supervising [Much ‘Less Quite less difficulties (Macerat | Mobile Less mobile, conveyors Built in types, wide scope handling can also be used for mechanised material ‘equipment handling system eg. conveyors, over head rails etc. (®In process [High Relatively low ‘Low, since production inventories iscontinuous (9) Unit cost of [High Less Quite less item ' (10) Prior [Complex Easy Very easy planning(11) Control [Complex Easy Very easy (12) Cycle time Long, Relatively short Very short (13) Balance of load Easier, Flexibility if Jone machine is under repair another machine Jean be used, Relatively difficult Very difficult because of perfect balancing of the production line (14) Job instructions [Complex and in details as the job changes every tir Few job instructions when the production of another lotbegins ‘Only at the out set of new job. Once the instructions. are given itbecomes aroutine (15) Investment jin machine ‘and equipment (16) Changes in machine set up [As the machines are arranged in process layout few machines are needed. Investment in machines is less Every job is diferent hence every time new setup is necessary Tavestmentin machines comparatively more a ‘New set up is necessary ‘when te batch changes High investment in ‘machines since there may bbe duplication of machine foreach production ine ‘Setup to machines remains ‘unchanged fora larger period since standard products are manufactured ina continuous flow