Present perfect with ever / neéver Affirmative I've / You've / We've / They've (have) climbed a mountain. He's / She's / It’s (has) eaten octopus Questions Have | / you /we /they ever done jude? Has he / she / it ever seen snow? Usage + We use the present never to talk about lives up to now. Negative ve / You've / We've / They've never been skiing. He's / She's / It's (has) never swum in the sea. Short answers Yes, |/you/we/ they have. No, |/you/we/ they haven't. Yes, he/she / it has. No, he / she / it hasn't. perfect with ever and. experiences im ourForm To make the present perfect simple, we use: present tense of Mave + past participle. > Many irregular verbs Have a different past form and past participle. There is a list of past participle forms on page 108 of the Students’ Book. You need to learn these, + The verb go has two past participles: gone and been. They have different meanings. Common mistake Fve-never_gonete Paris. x ve never been to Paris. ¥ Present perfect with just, already and yet lve just done my homework. She's already read that book. They haven't arrived yet. Have you written that letter yet? Usage + We use the present perfect with just to talk about something that happened a very short time ago. + We use the present perfect with already to emphasise that something has happened before now. + We use the present perfect with yet in questions and negative sentences to mean up to now.If | see John, I'll give him your message. If he wins the competition, he'll get a prize. If we don’t like the music, we won't buy the CD. If | don’t know the answer, I'll ask my sister. If it's warm, we won't need coats. If he doesn’t pass his exams, will he do them again? If che fails her exams, what will she do? Usage ~ We use the first conditional to talk about something that may happen in the future, as a result of something else. We use uf + present simple for the possible future event and will + infinitive without to for the result, Common mistakes HE will work hard ti pass-my-exams: X If | work hard., "UL pass my exams. / tf -we-won't-hury; we'll miss-the film: X If we don’t hurry, we'll miss the film. ¥