POOR MAN'S JAMES BOKD Vol. 3 245 BOUBY'TE FM 5-31 DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY FIELD MANUAL BOOBYTRAPS HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY SEPTEMBER 1965 xempoval of boobytraps in combat 0. Included are deseriations and discussions of the desiem and functioning characteristies of standard dem s~ fring devices, explosives, and aceessories — and ™ ch as hand grenades, mortar ammunition, artiliery acmunition, and tombs, ¢. This manual also contains information on 9 variety of items ‘and indigenous materials useful for improvising fring devices, explosives, und pyrotechnic mixtures for guerrilla warfare appli cations, ‘d Factory-produced bovbytraps (dirty triek devices) are described. Most of these have been developed and used in the field by foreign armies, fe Safety mesures pertinent to bootytrapping operations are provided for the protection of troops from casualty *. The contents of Lis manaal are aprlieable to nuclear and non- nuclear warfare. 2. Comma ‘Users of this manval are encouraged recorumendstions for changes for improvencent, Comments should bbe referenced to the page, paragraph, and line of text. The reason. {or each comment cheuld be given to Insure proper interpretation and evaluation. Forward all comments dicey to the Commandant, ‘US. Army Engineer School, Fort Reivoir, Virginia 22060, rward comments oF us Seollon Il, PRINCIPLES OF OFERATION 3 CHAPTER 1 — CHARACTERISTICS OF BOOBYTRAPS A boobytrap is an explosive charge cunningly contrived to be 3. Types of Boo fired by an unasspecting person who disturbs an apparently harm- less object or performs a prewutnably safe act, Two types aren use “improvised and manutuetured. Lzrovived bocbytraps are assem- 1, Purpore ond Scope bled from specially provided materiel or cons:ructed from materials 2. This manual contains procedures, techniques, and expedients generally used for other purposes. Manfacturod boobytraps are for tho instruction of the soldier in the axtemhly, use, detection, and dixty trick devices made at a factory for issue to troops. ‘They Seaign t. INTRODUCTIONPOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 236 BOOBYTRAPS, usually imitate some object or article that has souvenir appeal or & FUL. ‘that may be used by the target to advantage. ee 4 OLOSIVE ACTION. 4. Asambiing Boobytrope = A boobytrap consists of a main charge, firing device, standard Sr base {not abvays usod), and detonator. Another tem, thountvercal destructor, isan adapter for Installing a fring device anger fe le loaded projeetie or borrb to make an improvised boobytrap. Also, ¢ suutenease fring device assomblies are ofter attached to the main chatge bY Swot ‘moans of a longth of detonating cord, Sain aoocie $. Beebytrap Firing Chain . ‘Rance auch orth A EAL Im OF Moray secItvk centet ASO Bone wi a couranerien ier aunts OF Passe SxmosvE, ‘Frm Pinca Pomevaaton car Be rence owe moauet Ye Ber teFonaron maaee FED es maw eoureePOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 237 BOUBYTRAPS, bby specialists, AM military personnel, however, are trained in hax- Up explosives and other boobytrapping material, so that they may, i necessary, bookytrap u mine or install a simple boobytrap. 9. utherty & Army commanders issce special instructions for the we of ‘boobytrapa within their command. Supplies are authorized and pro- ‘vided as required to meet boobytrapping needs. 'b, Army and higher commanders may delegate authority to lay bookytrapa to as low as division commanders. All higher command cera, however, may revoks this authority for a definite or indefmite period, as the tactical situation may require. ‘2. Records of all boobytraps laid are prepared and forwarded ‘to higher hesdquarters. 2. Enemy boobytraped areas, as soon aa discovered, are report to higher headquarters to keep all interested troops advised of enemy setivitien If possible, all boobstraps are rontralized; ofher- oe Genma ‘wiss they are properly marked by warning signs, Section fl, PLANNING © pabmicnon 2. pmassune scion Soa bars bo vo ina rwoeronit ana ‘las norrune ee STIG ERE, Cau Miah NAT FES wate suet Bernat 10. Tassiead Effects @ The ingenious use of local resources and standard items is important in making effective boobytraps. They mast be simple in construction, rendily disguised, and deadly. They may produce RggNO NS unexpected results if eoneaired in sly cunning and builtin various forms. Boobytrape cause unesrtainty and suspicion in the mind fof the enemy, They may surprise him, frustrate his plans, and Snapire in his soldiers ¢ fear of the unknown. >. In withdrawal, boobytraps may be used in much the same way ‘as nuisance mines, Buildings and other forms of shelter, roads, ‘paths, diversions around obstacles, roed biocks, bridges, fords, and similar areas are suitable locations for concealing boobytraps. @, In defense, bosbytraps, placed in the path of the enemy at strategic locations in sufficient numbers, may impede his progress prevent detailed recoanoiasance, and delay disarming and recoval ‘of minefields, 11, aale Paociplen ‘Certain basie principles, a3 ole as warfare itself. must be followed to get the optimum benefit from hoobytrapa. Knowledge of these principles will aid the soldier, not only in placing boobytraps Expertly, butin detacting and avoiding thoso of the enemy. 40. eeu areas Santen oe Sires conemscny ‘3 CHAPTER 2 USE OF BOOBYTRAPS Seon 1. BASIC DOCTRINE ._Taatleal Prinelples ‘Roobytzape aupplement minefields by increasing their obstacle ‘value They add to the confusion of the enemy, infict casualties, destroy material, and lower morale, Roobytraps are usually laidPOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 ” 2 omuciss Neotireaes way a6 nace mn A thnpecite ceowsion or kara Gy Serour wed teva mote neat Lx ‘@ Preparation. Small campact bocbytraps are the mest desire- able for use in raids in enemy-reld territory, Hach member of a taam must carry hie evn supplics and le able te operate indepen- Gently. Bochytraps should be assembled, except fer the attachment of the fring device, before entering enemy territory. This will 238 BOUBYTRAPS reduce the srork at the aite ta the minimum. 2, Location. Charges should te placed where they wilt do the ‘mest damage. A charge detonated agzinst a stone wall will expend its force in maguified Intensity avay froze the wall. The fore of az explosion on the ground will affect the surrounding air more if the charge is plated on a hard surface, This deflects the explosive wave upward. A charge detonsting 6 to 10 feat above the ground will damage a larger area than one laid on or below the surface. © Characteristics. Many inexpensive bocbytraps, simple to make ‘and eagy to ay, will delay and confuse the enemy more thar, a small ‘umber of the expensive and complex kind. Complex mechanisms 13 oat mote, Fequite more sae IM Laying, and omy little more Advan. tage than the simple type 13. Reconnebssince Complete raconnaiseance of sn area in eatential ta good plannin Without this and the preparation of = program, boobytraps may not be used effectively. Roobytrap tears are best suited to survey a combet area to determine its boobytrapring possibilities. 14. Plon of Operation ‘& The commander with authority to use boobytraps coordinates his plans with other tactieal plans. Timing of bookytrap operations with movement plans is extremely essential. Boobytraps shoald not be Inid in areas where friendly croops will remain far any sppreciable length of time. Plana will indicate what is to be dane, where and when it will hedlona, and the tronpe ta he weed. Generally, Lraiced troops are amigned auch Lasks, ’. The plan authoriaes the nae of boahytraps and the types and ‘tennities required im sperified arena, depending on tne terrain, time, personnel, and material availahle, The completion of the detriled plan is delegated to the commander responsible for installation. Materials are obtained from unit supply stocks on the basis of the proposed action. . Complete coordination between Uy taoop euuumantes and te officer supervising boobytrap activities ix ewertial. The area should be evacuated immediately following the completion of the job. 4, The commander installing boobytraps prepares a detailed plan indicating the site and the location, number, type, and setting. He fssigns boobytrap (ams to specific areas and the laying of spec fied types. The plam covers arrangementa for suppliea and transpor- tation and designates the location where all preliminary work on boobytraps will bu dona Timo tablue aro cezablishod to insure com pletion of the work to comply with withdrawal phases af tactical Plans, . In hasty withdrawal, when there is no time for planning. each tear wil be given aaupply of material with instructions fox mhing the best possible use of it in the time allowed. 1 Bookytrap planning must give proper consideration to all known characteriatieg of the enemy. Members of tesraa should study the personal habits of enemy soldiers, constantly devising new ‘methods to surprise them, Repetitions may soon become a naitera eanlly detected by an slert enemy. 9. Withdrawal operations are the most desirable of all for laying bochytraps. When an enemy moets a booliytrap at the first obulacle, his progress throughout the ares will be delayed even though no others have been laid, A few deadly boobytraps and many dummies, laid indiscriminately, can inspire great caution. Dummies, however, should be unserviceable or useless items, Never Ubrow sway maier- ial that may return to plague friendly forcen! ‘* Secion Mi, INSTALLATION 15, Responsibilities ‘@ A commander authorized to use bochytrapa is responsible for all within his zone of command. He will keep adoquate records showing their type, number. and location, ancl prepare infornaation fon those laid and on practices followed by the enemy. 'b. Management of bosby:rap services may be delegated to the engineer etal officerPOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 239 BOOBYTRAPS ©, Unit commanders must know the location of all boctytraps casualty. Boobytrap installations are reported and recorded as im their areas and keep all subordinates so advised. Subordinates nuisance minefields, whether the area contains both boobytraps are slso responsible for reporting to higher headquarters all new and mines or boobytraps alo information obtained on enemy boobytraps. 4 Officers responsible for laying bootytraps prepare plans, supervise preliminary preparations, and direet thelr installation, ‘Thay forward to proper authority a detailed report of their pro- (press, advise all concerned when changes are made, and report to engineer intelligence unita the discovery of any new enemy devices or low-cunning practices ‘2. Engineer and infantry anite, with special training, have the responsibility of installing and neutralizing boubytraps, Since adequate numbers of trainees may nol always be available, all ‘twoope are given familiarity inetruetion in boobyirapping. 16. Procechres Like all activities involving explosives, boobytrapping is dan- gerous only because of mistakes men make. Prescribed methods ‘ust be followed explicitly in the interest of personal safety and overall effectiveness. 1 Before assembiying a boohytrap, all components shouki be inspected for serviceability. They must be camplete and in working, order, All safeties and triggering deviees must be checked ta Ingure prope: action, and for rust or dents that might interfere with me- chanical action. 4, Ha bocbytrapping plan is not availnble, ome must be prepared on arrival nt the sita, that the material obtained will be required ftems only. A central control point should be established in each boobytrap area whore cupplies may be uclonded and from which directions may be given. In areas where many boobytraps are con centrated, safe pustage routes from the control point to each loea- tion must be marked clearly. Lines or {ape may be useful where ‘vegetation in beavy. The control man ix the kay man. ‘Several teams may operate from oue control point, Each ‘eam (rarely more than ‘two men) is assigned to a specific area. ‘and supplies are issued only as needed. Each detail commander ‘must make certain that every man knows his job snd is competent to do it, Teams will remain soparated so thit one may not suffer ‘from the mistake of another. When a job is completed, al teams 8 must report to control man before going elsewhere. ‘4. One person in each team is designated leader to direct al! work If pouible, members of a team will avoid working clove together ‘when a boobytrap is assembled, One member enould do all technical ‘work and the ather be a helper to carry supplies, provide assistance ‘peeded, and learn the dkills needec. ‘¢. Bosbytraps lald during raids into enemy held territory should be small, simple, and easily installed, Zach member of a party must carry the supplies he needs. The use of bocbytraps under these conditions, when seourats records are imyoseible, may be a hazard ‘a friendly troops if raids into the same area should breome neces ary. {, Procedure for installing boobytraps is as follow: (1) Select the aite that will produce the optimum effect when the boobytrap 1s actuated. (2) Lay the charge, then prozect and conceal it, (@) Anchor the bootytrap securdy, with nails, wire, rope, oF ‘wedges.if necessary. (4) Camoudlage or conceal, if necessary. (5) ‘Teams erm boobytraps systematically, working toward asate ares, (6) Leave the boobytrapped area clean. Carry away ell items thst might betray the work that has been done, sueh as loose dirt, empty boxes, tape, and broken vegetation. Obliterate footprints. 17, Raparting, Recording, ond Marking ‘Boobytraps are reported and recorded for the information of tactical commanders and the protection of friendly troops from @ Reports (1) Intent, This is tranamitted by the fastest means avs ‘consistent with signal security, It includes the locat: the boobytrapped ares selected, the number and type of mines to a [aid (if antitank mines ure boobytrapped) , Dboobytraps to be lsd, the estimated starting and eomplet- ing time, ané the tatieal purpose. The report is initiated by the commander authcrized to lay the field and for- ‘warded to higher headquarters, (2) Initiation of Laying. This report is tranamitved by the fastest means available consistent with signal security. It contains the location and extent of the fel, total mam: Der of mines and boobytraps to be laid, and estimated ‘time of completion, The commander of the unit inatalling in ‘the field sends the report to the commander that directed ‘him to lay it, (8) Completion. The report of completion in transmitted by the fastest possible meazs. It contains the wamber andPOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 ‘pe of oabytraps lad, location andl extent of tha fed ‘or aren and tha time af completion. The report is for- warded 10 army level. When bocbytraps are laid, either love or with mines, the report of intent and the report ‘of initiation cf laying will incade the estimated number cof bootytrape te be placed and the report of completion, ‘tha number placed, 4. Records. Boobytraps are recorded as uulsance mine flés on ‘the standard ming fd record form. It is fled in as follows: (1) The general locations aro shown on the sketch, ualng the ‘sypropriata eymbol. Boobytrapped areas or buildings are letlered serialy,‘A" being the nearest ta the enemy. (2) ‘The number, types, locations, and methods of operation of Doabytraps are entare? in the NOTES section ofthe form, If space is lacking, addtional sheets may be attached. If the boobytrap can- not be ndequstely described in a few short sentences, a sketch of rinimcra d=tells willbe ineluded. (8) ‘The record is prepared simultaneously with the lying af ‘the boobytrap and forwarded through channels to army level with- ‘out delay. Lf's standard form is not available, the data required rust be entered and submitted on an expationt form. (4) Noimnee mine feds containing both mines and boobytrape are recorded as prescribed in FM 20-82. When the specie locations f boobytraps and manafactured devices cannot be accurately re ‘corded gcattered laying in open areas) their number and type are ‘entered in the notes sectioa of the form and identified by grid coar- inates. ‘Marking, Boobytzaps are marked by special trimgular signs vpaintad red on both sides. On tha she facing away from the danger sree, « Finch diameter white dc,is centered in tha frlangle and ‘the word BOOBYTRAPS is painted in white across the top in 1- {inch lettars, The STANAG or new sign is similar except for the 1- {ach white sripo below the inscription, Signa may bemade of metal, ‘wood, plastic, or similar material. They are placed above ground, Hight angied apex downwards, on wire fences, trees, OF doars, wit- ows, or other objects or by Pushing Uhe apex in the ground. These ‘working signs are ned hy all troops to identity friendly boobytrape daring the period preceding withdrawal from an'area, or 20 WA7n friendly torces of the presenca of active enemy boabytraps. 1d. Abandowment. When abandoning a boobytrupped area to the q@oeny, all markers, wire, et=, are removed. eS. Slt Ar ln ne to mark anny bobytrepmor booby. 240 BOOBYTRAPS 1° CHAPTER 3 BOORYTRAPPING EQUIPMENT Section |, FIRING DEVICES 18, Irovduction ‘Many triggering devieos are available for use in boobytraps. They ‘include fuzes, igniter, and firing devices. Al) U.S. standard Bring devices have the following advantages over ieaprovisations; extab- lished supply, speed of installation, dependability of functioning. resistance to weather, and safety. Ali have a standard base coupling by which they may readily be attached to a variety of charges. For more detailed information see TMS-1875-200. 19, MIAT Prewure Pring Device & Characteriation. ‘sa (ren dipped it wend bs, Safle ae omi a ‘A premure of 20 pounds or more on the pressure cap moves the trigger pin downward until the striker spindle passes through the Treyhole alot. This releases the striker to fire the percuasian cap. since sting cap: Criser fen sheald pled no farther than ¥ inck from open end of Blasting on.POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 241 BOOBYTRAPS (2) Assemble 8-pronged pressure heed and extension red and _Serew in top of pressure cap, if needed, (8) Attach firing device assernbly to standard base. (@) Attach firing device amembly to charge, (1) Remove protective cap. (2) With crimpers, altach blasting cap to slandard base, Grimper jaws should be placed wo farther then 14 in. from open end of blasting cap. (3) Attach firing device assembly to charge. oun rosmrve ewe sanfety pin hole, (2) Replace safety clip, if available, (3) Separate tring device and explosive block, van ‘screw standard base amsambly from fring derioe, A) Anchor trip wire and fasten other end to pall ring. (2), Remove locking safety pin fist and ponitiveeofety pin are zypee eee one n re eS {} (1) Insert length of wize, nail, or original pin in positive ae om , eG (1) Insert mail, length of wire, o= original safety pin in pasi- tive safety pin hole fret (2) Insert a similar pin in locking safety pin hole. (8) Cut trip wire. (4) Separate fring device and charge. if 1, M3 viLRelease Fring Device ‘8. Characteristics. 2. Fimctioning. ‘A pall af 3 to 5 Ib, on trip wire withdraws tapered ead of relenas pin from split head of striker. This frees striker to fire the percus- ‘lon cap.POOR MAK'S GAMES BOND Vol. 3 242 BOOBYTRAPS ¢ Disarming. sit = (1) Insert length of wire, nal, or cotter pin in positive safety Pete ole. ae a = “ @ Fenert length of wire, ml, of safety pin in locking satety pin bole, ‘ >. Functions (3) Cheek both ends and eut trip wire. @m Pat (4) Separate firing devies from charge ‘A palll of 6 to 10 Ib. on taut trip wire caizea reloase pi until shoulder passes constriction In barrel. The striker juws then spring open, celeesing striker to fire percussion cap. (2) Tension-ralease Release of tension (cutting of taut trip wire) permits apring-driven striker to move forward, separate trom release and fire percussion cap. Installing. (1) Remove protective cap, (2) With crimpers, attach tilasting cap to standard base. Grimper jaws should be pieced no farther than %4 im, from open end of bleating exp. (8) Attach Aring device amsembly to anchored charge (must be firm enough to withstand pull of at least 20 Ib.).. (4) Secure one end of trip wire to anchor and place other end in bole in winch. (8) With icurled knob draw up trip wire until locking safety pin ie pulled into wide portion of safety pin bole ame a & an SS Pr. (1) With cord, remove small cotter pic from locking safety pin and withdraw locking safety pin. If it does not pull ‘out earity, adjust winch winding. (2) With cord, pull out positive sxfety pin, This should pull cont easily. TF not, di ma Note. Insert positive enfety pin fiat. Cul trip wire last, 1 tae tartar s tear elon ine bn tote ‘Bend alightly to prevent dropping out. (2) Remove small cotter pin from safety pin. (3) Holding release plate down, raplace aafety pin with length Cf Me BB ire Basd we Sighy tery oes out, (4) Remove protective cap from hase and with crimpers, attach blasting csp. Crimper jaue should be placed mo ferther than 4 inch from open end of Blasting oap. (6) Secure firing device ansembly in charge.POOR MAN*S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 243 BOOBYTRAPS sere Sa = Prerecron se Taman] Bane BA the rr irtaereu Or om | snes race va = mee ¢. Fastalling. a8 (Q) Unscrew transit cap from base. (2) Secure device in charge. ner mee & Arming. Oe Z A) Place restraining weight on top of firing device {2) Remove thin wire from safety Bin Role. 1f wire Coss not come out ees, restalnlog weight in either insufelent ‘or improperiy pisces. (8) Remove heavy rire from interceptor hole Ie should meve ‘rely. Note Withdrass thin wire rot ond heavy wire last. Follow ering procedure carefully 4. Disarming. ” (1) Insert length of heavy gage wire in interceptor le. Bend wire to prevent drovaing out. Proeeed eirsfully, an the slightest disturbance of the restraining weight [night initiate the fring device. (2) ‘Separate fing device from charge. | exmamncw | RESTRAMING WT ‘2. U5-Second Delay Datonatar ‘& Characteristics. ‘This device consiste of a pull-fricticn fuxe igniter, 15-second enath of fose, and blasting eap. The blasting cap is protected by a transit cap screwed on the base, 2, Functioning. ‘A strong pull on the pull ring draws the friction igniter through the flash esmpound, causing a flame which ignites ‘he time fuse, (1) Mexual initiation. Remove safety pin. 42) Trip wire initiation (2) Attach one end of trip wire to anchor stake and the other to pull ring. (b) Remove safety pin. fe ,. Disarming (1) Insert length of wire, nail, or original safety pin in safety pinhole. (2) Remove trip wire, 48) Separate firing device from charge. ‘This devise consists of a pull-type fuse lighter. 8-second length of fuso, and a blasting cap. The blasting cua is protected by » transit cap, serewed on the base. 6. Functioning. A strong pull on the T-abaped handle draws the friction igniter thraugh the flash compound, causing = flame that ‘ignites the time fuse.POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 244 BOOBYTRAFS, rere Jive should be placed no farther than 14 in. from open ya ud of bleating cap. (5) Secure fring device ansembly in destructor and then in charge. . Inatalling. a (2) Unserew transit ap from base (2) Secure device in charse. rer re @ (2) Crush ampale by squeering the compar partion ot ease (2) Remove safety strip. carn, I (Q) Manoa initéxtion, Remove safety pin, (2) Trip wire initiation, (4) Attach one end of trip wire to anchor stake and the other to pull ring. (bd) Remove safety pin, Pe 3 There iso wsfe way of diserming this fring device. It dix srming is nevensary, ‘asect an improvieed safety pin Brough Inspection hele. & Disarming, at (2) Ter neh ot wma ov ety pin tn ty nin, eet Ser (2) Remove rip wice, Peden (8) Separate firing dovice fram charge. 8 wor [ oo [te [an lam) nome | neem [ ee 28. MI Delay Fielog Device hl STS votes & Characteristics, omental a & Fiectioning, ‘Lifting or removing restraining weight unlstehes lover, relens- ysciteronrepearin ch a ae See, es = | Ee 5 eet ireocs ee feces ‘Scueezing copper haif of case crushes ampule, releasing chem- ‘cal to corrode restraining wire and release striker. ‘ean €) Insert 4 Jensth of heavy gage wire in interceptor hole, ‘Band slighty to prevent droping oat. (2) Holding down latch, remove safety pin and replace with length of thin wire placed no farther than % im. from open end of Blasting . Installing. =. (1) Select device of proper delay. (4) Aseenble longth of detonating cord, priming adapter, (2) Tnsert nai In Inspection hole to make sure that fring pin ‘ondestric blasting cap, and explosive block. ‘has not been released. (8) Attach free end of detonating cord to blasting cap on (3) Remova protective eap from base. MA release device with friction tape, allowing 6 in. af (4) With crimpers, attach blasting cap te base. Crimper detonating cord to extend beyond Joint.POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 & Arming. (2) Place restraining weight on top of fring device. (2) Remove thin wire from safety pin hole If it does not come out eauly, resiraining weight is either insufficient ar improperly placed. (8) Remove heavy wire from interceptor hole. Note, Proceed carzfelly, FS ea «Blam, the 1 Fee eigen hn dete trie mee eee een eh CE eee Erase. (2 tie a ene or fy Section I. DEMOUTION MATERIALS Z7. Expledves ond Accessories UHor ore detoled Infarmanion, 186 FAMS-258 nd TM 9-1375-200.1 & TNT, This is isaved in 34, 4% and L-pound blocks in» eard- ‘board container with lacquered metal ends. One end has # ‘hreaded cap wall Haif-pound blocka are cbtained by eut- ting a I-pound puskuge in the eanter, b. Mi Chain Demolition Blocks (Tetrytol). This explosive con- sists of eight 2%4-pound tetrytol blocks cast 8 inches apart conto a single line of detonating cord, which extends 2 feet beyond the end blocks. All blacks have a tetryl booster in each 245 ROOBYTRAPS, end. Bach chain is packed in a have-vack, and two haversacks in. wooden box. 1 2. Mz Demolition Black (Tetrytol), The M2 demolition block is ‘enclosed in an asphalt impregnated paper wrapper. Tt has ‘threaded cop well in each end. Eight blocks are packed in & haversack, and two heversucks in « wooder box. 2 . MS and MS Demolition Blocks (Composition C4), These con- sist of a yellow, odorous, plastic explosive more powerful than TNT. The 39 block kas a cardboard wrapper perforated around the middle for eusy opening. ‘The M6 block has & plas- tic container with » threaded cap well. Eight M3 or BIS blocks are packed in a haversack; and bwo haversacks, in a wooden box. ¢. MEAL Demolition Block (Composition C4). This in a white plastic exrlosive more powerful than TNT, but without the ‘odor of C3. Fach block in wrapped in plastic covering with » well in each end. Twenty-four blocks are packed f, Mitt Demolition Charge (Composition C4). This is com- ‘position C4 in a new package measuring J in. x 2 in, x 12 in, Each block hes an adhesive compound on one face. Further Information ia not available. 1, Mit8 Demolition Charge. The M118 chacge is composed of PETN and plasticizers. The detonating rate is approximately 28,000 fs, per sevond. Each package contsins four sheets 4 In. x in, x 12 in, Each sheet has an adhesive compound on one face, Further information is unavailable. 1A, Composition B, Composition B is « high explosive with a rela- tive effectiveness higher than TNT, and more sensitive.POOR MAK'S CAMES BOND Vol. 2 ‘Bocause of its high dentonstion rate and shattering power, it is used in cer-ain hangulore torpedoes and in thaped charges. i PETN, This is used in detonating cord. It is one of the most yowartul military exflosives, almost equal to aitrogiycerine ani RDX. In detonating cord, PETN has a velocity rate of 22,000 feet per seeond 4. Amatol, Anustol, © mixture cf ammonium nitrate and TNT, has @ relative effectiveness higher than that of THT, Amatol (80/20) is used in the bangalote tarpedo. ‘& RDX, This |s the bose charge in the MG and M7 electric and ‘onslestrie blasting caps. It is highly sensitive, and hes a shattering effect second only to nitroglycerine, 1 Detonating Cori. (2) Types 1 ond U1. These connist of s floxible braided aeame Jess cotton tube filed with PETN. On the oulside 1s a layer of asphalt covered by a layer of rayon with a wax ‘kum compocition finish, Type II haa the larger diameter ‘and graater tensile strength. EXPLOSIVE. 20 (2) Type IV. This is similar (o tyzea 1 and TT, except for the special sancoth plastie coviring designed for vigorous use and rough weather, pcan exe.osve m. Blasting Time Fuse. This consists of black powder tightly ‘Wrapped in layers of fabric and waterproofing materials, Tt may be way color, orange being the most common. As burning Fate varias trom about 20 to 45 seconds per foot, exch roll ‘ust be tested hefore using by burning and timing a I-foot length. 1 Safety Fuse M700. This fuse iva dark green cord with aplastic. ‘cover, either smcoth or with single pointed abrasive bands ‘around the ouiside at 1-foot or 18iach intervals and double 246 BOOBYTRAPS SEE EEN EEE ll » ‘painted abrasive bands at 5.foot ur 90-ineh intervals, Although the Surning rate is uniform (ubout 40 seconds per fost), it should be tested before using by burcing and timing a 1-foot length. RAPER ATERPRODEING 0. Mao Fuse Lighter, (1) To inatelt: Unsere the fuse holder exp, remove shiping Plug, insert time fuse, ard tighten cap. (2) To retond: (2) Insert primer buse and primer in end of lighter housing. () Put washers and grommets in open end of fuse holder cap aa shown, and serew fuse holder cap. firmly on housing. (©) Unserew fuse holder capabout three turnaand insert a froshly ext end of time fuse into the hele in the esp ‘unt it rots agains: the primer, (4) Tighten cap. sheen ne pangcn — POMMETS ae - Lcerer waivers saree rn SOE (3) To fire: “ (a) Remove aafety pin (b) Pull on pall ring. Note, Lighter is rausable afvor the insertion of a new Primer snd the resssombly of partsPOOR MAN'S JAMES BORD vol. 3 1B Electric Blosting Cops. Bleccrie blasting waps have three lengths of lescls—short (4 to 10 ft.), medium (12 to 14 ft), and long (60 to 100 £2). The short-circuit tab or shant prevents accidental firing. Tt must be removed before the cap is con nected in the firing cireuit. Military blasting caps are required ‘te insure detonation of military explonives. C ‘boi cicur V eA, see Segoe 4. Nomslectrie Blasting Cape, Two types are available, the No, 8 and the specis! M7, which resembles the No, & in appearance ‘sxoep! for the expanded open end. 1, Priming Adapter. This isa plastic device with a threaded end fur securing electric and nonelectrie primers in the threaded cap wells of military explosives. A groove for easy insertion ‘of the electric lead wirasextends the full length of the adapter, <—oncowr 2 Mio Universal Destructor. Whe destructor in used to convert loaded projectile, missiles, and bombs into improvised chargea. The destractor has boowter capa containing tatryl pe lets. AI standard firing devices with the standard base coupler screw io the top, ey Tt) ivan 247 BOOBYTRAPS, 2, targaiers Torpedo ° ‘The benralore torpedo ia a group of 10 londing assernblies (steel ‘bes filled with high explosive) with nose sleeve and connecting sloeven, The loading assemblies may be used singly, in series, or in bundles, They are primed in four ways: by a standard fring ‘device; a standard fring device, nonelectric blasting cap, length of deteuating cord, primicg adapter, and nonelectric blasting cap (pars 28); a standard firing device, and length of detonatirg cord altached by the clove hiteh and two extra turns around the cap well ‘at ither end af the loading ausembly; and electrical methods. (para 23). Ez tees, Sie ort Tost ASE =e : SoS rve exe TRIP WE dase r Se wings ene perebe ‘Denes yal MPeRS 88 BBP . oe vanes a ‘Thia charge consists of « conical top, conical liner, integral stand- (of, threaded cap well, and 114 pounds of explosive. 1 may be 179, M2AS Shoped Charge 1 Aatitant Mine Aciaior This i 4 donation dexgnad tor Peds three ways: bya standard ing device; aatandars fine Acieens Mine Acti, ‘This is 4 ator dguad toe Tovey none Gasdog sop enc o aetoeint cn all standard firing devieoa, and the base to serew in antitank “DW, sad nonelectric blasting cap; and a priming adapter and nine activator wells electric ‘issting esp connected Lo power source, wb pa "Heme \ bevice yr warePOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 248 BOOBYTRAPS eee woo oI MET = Fz57 on y aren me oe [= euasTins cae 3S , ws aDAPTER rue (70. M3 Shaped Charge “ ‘The MS shaped charge ia & metal container with a conical tp, conical Uner, threaded cap wall 30\ pounds of elocva, ana eareee ‘33, SIAM Morten Shot! joe ‘This is converted by replacing the fuse with a standard fring device and a properly assembled destructor or by a firing device, iyi] E 31. tetredecton ‘Hand grenades, bombs, and mortar and artillery smmonition ee Ihave wide applicstion as improvised explosive charges. The only a =e orton ofthese useful in boobytrapping, however, arethe container a ‘snd it explosive filer. The fuse is replaced hy a standard firing Gevice and an MLO universal destroctar—an adapter designed erpe- a jxessoe cially for this purpose. The number and type of misalles useful in Set becbytrapping, however, are not limited to tha examples given eons below, 32, Mond Oreaode ‘The M26 hand grenade, an improved model, consists of « thin ametal body lined with x wire-wound fragmentation coll, fuse, aod | rap wine ‘composition B explosive charge. It has a varisty of applications to\ bookytraping. The furs is removed and a standard fring device ‘screwed directly into the fase well or remotely comnected by 2 propeerive Paes length of detonating cord, priming adapter, and a nonelectric Browre blasting cap. .POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 34. High Beplaaee shat 7 "The high explosive ahell is readily adapted to hoobytrapping. The faze lo removed and replaced by a standard firing device and & propery-assembled destructor of w standard fring devies, length (of detonating cord, priming adapter, nonelecirie blasting eap, and 1 properiy-ansembled destructor. If a destructor is not available, the detonating cord and nonslecrie blasting cap are packed firmly {in he faze wall with C4 explosive. i> 25, Bombe ‘These are adapted to boobytrapping in the same manner as high ‘explosive and mortar shells. They are primed by replacing the fuze ‘with a standard firing device and a properly-assembled destractar, or with a standard fring deviee, length of detonating cord, primiog ‘adspter, nonelectrie blasting esp, and a properly-assembled des- tractor. IZ destructor is not available, the detonating cord and blasting ap ate packed firmly in the fuze well with C4 explosive. 249 BOOBYTRAPS HES ancuvt 36, Ailend Maes ‘A land mine may be used as the main charge in a boobytrap by removing tha fire and attaching a standard pall or pressure raat Sota devices an seilary fone wall (1) Remove locking safety cotter pin in M1 pull fring device and replace with length of thin wire. Bend wire elightly to prevent dropping oat (2) Remove positive safety cotter pin and replace with length of thin wire Band wire slightly to prevent dropping oat. (8) Remove plastic protective cap from standard base. 4) Assemble firing deviee, activator, and mine, “omerent in intarceptor hole in MS ‘premure-release firing device. Bend wire slightly to pre- vent dropping cut. (2) Withdraw safety pin and replace with length of thin Band wire slightly to prevent dropping ont. (8) Remove plastic protective cap from stndaré base. (4) Assemble firing device, activator, and mine. Note. The firing device must be set om a firm base. A piece of smusonite fs issued with the 115 for this purpose. i ‘lise, snd delay the memy. Most standard U.S. antitank mines and many foreign antitank mines have auxiliary ture wella for this purpose. See FM20-82 for more detalled informatica. 38. Mathede US, standard antitank mines are generally boobytrapped by means of a poll or a presmure-release firing deviec, or both, ifPOOR MAN'S JAMB2 BOND Vol. 3 Gesirabl 250 ion “vith top of pressure plate even with or slightly above round level. Arm mine before boobytrapping. O) Installing. (a) Remove locking safety cotter pin and replace with length of thin wire. Hend wire alightly to prevent dropping out. (b) Remove positive safety cotter pin and replace with length of thin wire. Bend wire slightly tn prevent dropping out. (c) Remove protactive cap from standard base and assemble firing device, activator, and mine. featren / EP PRS LZ BB acrivaron AUXILIARY FUZE WELL 4 ia halt Nowe “ANTITANK MINE, PROTECTIVE WIRES CAP (2) Arming. (a) Anchor one end of trip wire ta stake and fasten the other pall ring. (b) Remove locking safety wire feat. (2) Remove positive safety lavt. (a) Camouflage. (a) Uncover mune carefully. {b) Locate boobytzap assembly. (@) Replace positive safety first, then locking safety. (a) Cut trip wire. . (@) Tura arming dial of mine to safe and remove arming plug. (1) Remove fuse and replace safety clip. (a) Replace arming plug. (h} Recover mine and firing device. BOOBYTRAPS — 2 Pult Dig hole to proper depth to bury mine on firm founda- 5, Bresnere-Retease. Dig hole to prover depth to bury mine on firm foundation, with top of pressure plate even with or slightly above ground level. 1) Inetaiting, (2) Insert length of heavy wire in interceptor hols. Bend swine slightly to prevent dropping out. () Remove aafety pin. Apply pressure on release plate antil pin comes out easily. (e) Insert lenge af light wire in axfety pin hole and bend slightly to prevent dropping out. (@) Remove protective cap from standard base and assemble firing device, activator, and mine. (@) Place mine tnd firing assembly in hole, using pressure board to insure s solid foundation for fring device, 42) Arming. (a) Camouflage mine, leaving hole a: side to remove anfetion. (D) Garetully remove thin antery wire frat, then tha inter- coptor wire, (e) Complete camouflage. (8) Diserming, (a) Uncover mine carefully. {b) Locate beobytrap assembly. (Q Ram earth of heary wire in interceptor hole ‘1 pressure plate to “3 (cafe ‘tore Pinte to “3” (safe) and replace (=) Recover mine and fring device assexbly. (f) Remove pressure plate, de r Prt unscrew detonator, and replace (a) Reassemble mine em we AE igrePOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 251 acre IERCEPTOR tray wae 29. ebytrepped Feege Hint & Antitand Mines, ‘The Communist European and Asintic armies boobyirap mines in a euch different fashion from that of the US. and other NATO countries. The Germans in World War [I used both special aniift ‘devices and antidisturbance fue, ona of whiek haa bean conied by the French (1) Anttife devices, (a) Passio 1, "The Russians, Communist Chinese, snd North Koreans bocby:rapped wooden antitank mines by laying two of them, one on top of the other, in the ame bole. The mines were connected by am MOV Pall fare and 4 pull wire, so that the botam mine frould detonate whe the top mie was lifted. ‘2 "The Bussinns in World War II also had » more sophisticated methods special wooden antilift device, placed ander the mine. This, however was readily localed by probing. It consisted of an outer cease, acharge, an MUV pall fuze, x pressure relesse lid supported an two ccil springs, and s fuze access hole, Lifting the mine initiated the antilift. This device is too dangerous to disurm. Even though the preasure-relesse might be secured by a rope or Tength of wire, the chances of additional pull wires ‘and boohytrap charges are too great to rink. Also deterioration of the wooden case from prolonged ‘burial adds to the difficulty. The best procedure ix ta blow all wooden antitank mimen and entilifta rm (0) Crechoalovatia, ‘Thin entallite country has & wooden BOURYTRAPS, antitank mine (PT-Mi-D) that may prove extremely ‘hazardous to breaching aod clearing par‘ies. Having an RO-L, pull fuze in oach end, it Is easily boobytrapped by means of wire szchored to a stake underneath the ‘mine and extended through a hole in the bottam of the ‘ease to the fuze pull pin. (e) World Wor H Germany, ‘The German srmics had severai presaure-releare devices for boobytrapping antitank mines, In a future war in Europe, these or facsimiles may appear on any bsttiefel. 1 Nipalite alt explosive antii/t. This consisted of two. oblong blocks of moulded explosive joined together with brass bolts und recessed to con:ain the metal a safety in the lower safety pin hole 4 0 2 o wer ” 2 RZ, SMe (BZ 44). This device consists of ax explo- sive charge, a presmure-releace firing mechanism, a ‘safety ber and a metal ease. When the safety bar is ‘removed, the device arms ilself by means of clock- ‘work Inside the case, This device cannot he ait. armed.POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 q ¢ SFS.‘This antitift consists of an explosive charge, Dpressure-release striker aasembly, safety bar, and chemical arming equipment. A turn of the safoly bar erushes the glasa vial, releasing the chemical fo dimolve the safety pellet. Phis device cannot be a (2) T, Mt 2 48 and T. Mi Z 44 eatidisturboncs fuses. (c) Germany. In addition to several antilift deviees, the Germans developed two antidinturbance fuses initiated by pressure or pressure-releasa for activating Teller mines 42 and 43, To arm, the fue is placed in the fuze well and the pressure plate serewed down on top of the fuze, shearing the arming pin. Removal of the pressure plate fnitintes the preasure-release mocha rism and detonates the mine. Although the T. Mi Z 44 was an experimental model that never reached the field, copies of both fuses are now in use in several European armies, Mines armed with these fuses can neither be identified by size, shape, marking, or color of the case, mor be disarmed. aka (©) France, The French have a copy of the T. Mi. 2-48 anti- disturbance (pressure and pressureelease) fuze, ‘and Teller mine 43, named models 1952 and 1948 respectively. The fuze is placed in the fase well and the pressure plate screwed down on top, ahearing the arming pin, Removing the pressure plate actuates the pressure-reiease element, detonating the mine BOOBYTRAPS moots 1948 Same aoe ‘Stronumeance ). Antipersonnel Mines. ‘Antipersonne] mines are laid in antitank minefields ‘to halt and delay enemy troops and make breaching and cloaring as difficult, dangerous, and time consum- ing as possible, Enomy mine layers may increase this harrassment substantislly by laying emall blsst type antipersonnel mines near the anchors and slong the ‘crip wires, which, azeording to procedure, must be ‘raced from pull ring to anchor befare cutting. These cere extremely hazardous to breaching snd clearing specialists who may detonate them unawares by the pressure of hand, knee, or elbow on the pressure LA © 2 Seaion 11, BOOBYTRAPAING BUILDINGS 1 Advantoges Boobysraps laid in buildings and their surroundings can be very effective. Buildings are yery attractive to fighting men for they provides degree of eamfort and shelter from the elamenta. They are ‘lao useful for keadquarters where plans may be made snd com- runications earried on with grester dispatch, 41, Immediate Surrounds ‘4. Once a bullding has been occupied, it becomes the focal point for vravel and communication from many directions. Thus the immediate vicinity becomes a potential location for boobytraps. }, Dwellings ix sparsely populated areas ofien have out builds nga, wood piles, fruit trees, wells, fencer with gates, walks, and ‘other locations easily rigged wo wound or destroy careless soldiers, €. Delayed action charges detonated in buildings after they are cocupies are extremely effective, Such charges, however, are difi- ‘cult if not almost impossible to conceal, especialiy in large masonry and steel buibdings, which may require a large quantity of exploalve for serious damage or destruction. None bat a most ingenious specialit, given time, help, and a wide selection of material ean do ‘this satisfactorily. Ta. World War II, the Russians prepared such a boobrtrap for the Germans. However, after long careful search, the charge and its clockwork fure were located by means of @ stethoscope. Small buildings, on the other hand, may be only modar- ately difficult to destroy by delayed charges.POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 ial emessune Firing pevice. ‘Booey, TRAPS UNDER BRICKS 42, Exrronces ‘Curiosity prompts a soldier to investigate hurriedly an interest {ng bullding in bis path. Women, loot, or mere inquisitiveness may bbe the motive His rush to be the frst inside makes all entrances ‘excellent spots for boobytraps. For the foolish, a rigging conmected ta the front door, side door, or back doors may be sufficient. But for the experienced soldier, who may carefully seek entry to the base- ‘ment firet and then try to clear the building story by story, carefal ‘and ingenioos effort may be required. & Basement Windows, Hore boobytraps mast be concealed to prevent detection by the enemy’s breaking the paneor kicking out a door panel, Basement windows should be boobytrapped at the top ‘or in the oar underneath, a 6. Upper Floor Windows. Window charges are easier concealed in the weight box behind the jamb than in the wall or under the floor. Experienced hands can remove and replace window trim ‘without obvious damage. (AY Nonelectrae firang. 254 BOOBYTRAPS {a) Assemble M3 pull-release firing deviee, siandard base, and blasting cap. {b) Place sheet explosive in weight box. (e) Bore hole in side jamb for pull wire {@) Anchor one end of pull wire to window, and thread ‘through hole in side jamb, (e) Attach fros end of pull (Q) Arm fring device. {g) Conceal boobytrap. {to ratchet on fring device. HOLE FOR PULL WIRE, we PULL-RELEASE FIRING, DEVICE 228. SHEET. EXPLOSIVE CHARGEPOOR MAN'S (2) Blectrie fring. (a) Fasten two metal brackets ta side of weight box clos: enongh to wedge tro fleshlight batteries between. (b) Place sheet explative charge in weight box. (@) Insert electric blasting cap in charge. (4) Cut one leg wite and attach to lower bracket, (@) Get other leg wire to proper length to twist an uninews lated Ivop on end and fasten to hang ir place just above top of window weight, (£) Ona length of leg wire twist cm uninsulated loop around, the leg wire banging above the weight. Thread other end through other uninsulated loop and fasten ‘a top clamp. Tape wire to window weight. (a) Test cizeuit with gelovonme.er first, then inser: bat teres between bracke's, {h) Conceal boobytrap, JAMES BOND Voi. 3 ry +, Doors. Irsproved defection methods have made the use of Yoobyfraps on doors, with charges, firing devices, sad wires exposed, a waste of time and materiel, except for purposes af decep- tion. The best location is the head or side jamb, not the sil, which often recommended, ‘The sill ix exposed, x0 that ane experienced clearing unit may easily locate the rigging while in the jamb, itis concealed ty the docrstz. (Q) Head jomd rigging. (2) Asgemile M1 pull firing device, standard bese, and nos. ‘elyctrie blasting cep. (b) Assemble length of detonating eord, priming edapter, norelectrie blasting cap and explosive block. (e) aftach firing device firmly ‘0 stud and tope free end of length of detonating cord io nonelcetric Wasting exp. (4) Drill hole s¢ proper place in header and head jamb. (e) Anchor one end of pall wire at propar place cn door 4nd thread free end Uurough holes, (2) Gloaa door and attoch pull wire to pull ring, (g) Arm snd conesal boobytrap. Ma 2 RING Device 6 (2) Side jemh rigging. {a) Attach metal brackets to side jamb close enough to ‘wedge tra flashlight batiories between. (hy Insert shee exloive charge oncely between rad and 254 a. BOOBYTRAPS (©) Place electric blasting cap in charge, and fasten one Jeg wire to top bracket. (@) Bore pall wire hole at proper spot Inside jamb. (e) Cut other leg wire long enough to twist on an insulsted Joop on one end snd fit over pull wire hole. Loop should ‘be about 4% inek in diameter. (6) Teist on uninsulated foo7 on one end af log wire and secure to lower bracket so that loop fita over pall wire hole. Fasten wire to jamb. (a) Anchor one ond cf insulated poll wire at proper spot ‘on door, and thread free end through pull wire hole and Toop fastened to jamb. (2) Close door. Fasten free end of pull wire to other loop tohold it ugly against etud. @) Check eireuit with galvorometer first, then (G) Install betterles between brackets, (k) Conceal bootytrap. ‘a. Ina building charges shou’ be placod where detonation will seriously impair its structural strength, such as walls, chimneys, ‘beams, and columns. Charges and firing deviees must be carefully comezaled to avoid detection. ', In boobytrapring Icad-bearing walls, several charges ehould bbe laid to detonate simultaneous’ near che base. Chimneys and ‘ireplaces are difcul: to booaytray for charges placcd there are readily detected. These spouli detonate from intense heat. Souaras™ a OSLA FRING OR, ¢. Beams and columns when they collapse cause much more damage than walls becauie ther boar much more weet (1) Tn wooden beams, holes for eancealed explosives ehould be bored close enough together for sypat etic detonation, Ap MI delay firiug device anc’ detonator placed i a holePOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 255 BOOBY RAPS within the bullcexplosive chargeahould suffice. Buildings of masonry and steel construction may also be booby- ‘trapped with delay charges. The difficulty of the job de- pends cften on the interior finish, type of decoration, hesting ducts, air conditioning, and type of floors. (2) 4 column may be destroyed by a charge buried below ground level at its base. Although Heavy delay charges ke these are often consicered mines, they are shown here because they may be found in boobytrap locations. a 44, Interior Fornshings “ ‘Vacated buildinge provige mach opportunity for boolrtrapping. Hurriedly departing vecuran?s usualy leave behind suck odds and tends ar decks, Hing cates, cooking ulens..s, table ter-s, rags, amps, and furnitare, Blestrie light and power fixiures are also exploitable. ‘4, Deak. Bossuse of ile eonstrcetion a cask is easly boobytrap- pei, If carciully laced the rigging may be nondetectsble and if properly constructed, cannot beneuiralized. Electric firing systerss "| are the most suitable for this purpose. Sheet explosive 1s much J bettor thon other types, because sts adhesive surin it firraly in place, Check tre eireuit with a galvonomezer before instal- ling the batteries. ee 4. Loose floor boards sometimes are excellent objects far boaby- trapping. The rigging must exeape detection, however; otherwise, it will be ineffective. This rigging might be harder to detect if the ‘support underneath is chiseled gat to let the floorboard sink shout 44 inch when tramped on. 2, Office Equipment, Mang items used in offices have boobytrap ¢. A double delay chain detonating bovtytrap should be very potential. effective if timed right and skillfully laid. Firet, isthe explasiveof a" (1) Telezhowe list finder. minor charge laid in an upper story damaging the Luilding only (a) Remove contents from finder. slightly, Then, efter a curious crowd has gathered, 2 second heavy (b) Astemble skeet explosive, shrapnel, end Lasting cap. charge or series of changes go off, seriocsly damaging or destroy- 4e) Remave insulation from ends of wires and twist to ing the buildlog and killing or wounding many onlookers, ‘form lovp ewiteh,POOR MAN JAMES BOND Vol. 3 (4) Place bocbytrap in finder 20 that the raising of the Mc draws the loops together. (2) Insalate inside of case fro contact with loops with, fiction cape. (0) Check circu with galvanometer frat, then Snatall atteries, Note, Batteries may be connected to legwires ty wrap- ing them tightly in place with friction tape. tA (2) Card ile, A wooden card file can be bocbstrapped ‘effectively by the use of a mousetrap rigged as a trigger, a standord base with blasting cap attached, = supzort block fastened inside to hold the firing assembly at the proper level for operation, and a trigger block to hold ‘the trigger in. armed position. (a) Rig wire trigger of mousetrap with serew and metal strip. (b) Locate support block on strins at proper level to for ‘rigger in trigger block. (©) Bore hole in support block at proper place to admit standard base and blasting cap so that shaet metal ‘screw will strike percussion eap. (a) Insert axplosiva, thon euppert Block with mousetrap, standard base, and blssting cap ‘n position, 256 BOOBYTRAPS &. Electric tron, 7" ie Br Nt as arse a on 2 ices eee n (1) Assemble shest explosive, electric blasting cap amd mer- ccury element in ieaketle, (2) Check circuit with galvanomotor first, then install bat- teri Note. Batteries may be bound tightly in eireuit with frietion tape. For safety and anse of assembly, use a wriat watch delay im cirouit (para 607). — _ Sk RNS PEM gen rae cer (1) Antidisturbance cireuit. (a) Assomble chest explosive, mercury element, and alee trfeblasting cap fe cooker. (b) Check circuit with galvanomoter firet, then install Sallerien Note. Batteries omy be bound tightly in circuit with friction ape For sufely and ease of ssumlly,usea writ watch delay in elreit (nara 602). yy (2) Loop avitch. (1) Assemble sheet explosive and electrie blasting cap. (2) Cut leg wires to proper length. Remove insulation3 POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. Bae ete SS Rie ae Sn from ends and twist to form loop ewiteh, (8) Cheek cirexat sith galvonometer. (4) Fasten one leg wire (insulated) to lid to serve as poll wire, (8) Secure batteries in circuit by wrapping tightly with SHEET, BATTERIES EXPLOSIVE J. Radia and Televieion Sets, Both sets may be boobytraped by asvembling # charge and an electric blasting cap inside the case. 257 BUOBYTRAPS ‘The log wires are connected in the circuit for detonation at turning of off-en ewitch. Extreme care is required in connecting leg wires to prevent pre ‘mature explosion. 2. Bed. Two methods may be used~o charge, ronclectrie blasting cap, and pull firing duvice or a charge, Ualleries, elscuric blasting cap, anda mercury switeh element. (GQ) Noncleetrie rivgina. (a) Aséemble pull wie, M1 wull firing: deviee, blasting, ‘cap, and shect explosive clarke (2) Anchor pull wire to that a person sittuue or Iyiag om ‘bed will initiate iring devi. (ey Conceal boobrtrap. (2) Electric rigging. (a) Assemble sheet explosive charge, electric blasting cap, and mercury elezrent. (b) Check cirenit with gulvancmeter, (e) Place boobytrap on bed to initiate when its level position is disturbed. (4) Install batteries in circuit by wrapping tightly with friction Lape. (©) Conceal boobytrap. Note, For safety and case of assembly, use a wrist watch delay sm etreuit (para 60d) EN Cae 1 1k. Chars and Sofas. Theae may be boobytrapped noneleetrically ‘and electrically as in / above. For noncleeiric rigging the M1AL pressure firing device, nonelectric blasting cap and sheet explasive charge are probably the most suitable. The sofa bocause of its aire shoold have more than one rigging. If the electrical method is uaed the circuit should be tested with the galvanometer before the bat- teries ore installed, 4, Book. A book with an attractive cover is sure to invite exam- ination. (2) Cut hole in book lure enougn to accommodate the rig-PooR MAN'S JAMES BOND yoi 3 Device ging. (2) Ascemble sheet explosive, electric blasting cap, mercury lement, and shrapnel, (8) Test eireuit with galvaaometer first, then (4) Secure batteries in circuit by wrapping tightly with frie ‘on tape n Secon 1, 45. Highwoys, Trolls, and Poth Boobytrape used along roads are 6 groat help in slowing down enemy traffe, especially if they aro laid in and sround ozher obstrue- tions. Those bléeed on paths and trails are excellent against raid. ing parties that must operate under cover of darkness. 46. Lototions Boobytraps in roadway obstructions should he concealed o7 the ‘enemy side, If the obstruction is hesvy, requiring fores to remove 4% boobytrapa ecneesied underneath will increase its effectiveness. Fragmentation charges ere very destroctive uxainst personnel. ‘These include hard grerades; bounding antizersonne! mines with thelr owe specia! fuses actuated by pressure or trip wire; ordinary azplesive charges covered with picees of serap mets}, nails, gravel, lengths of wire, nuts and belts; and the like. The latter may be actuated by ary of the standard firing devicesby pressure, BOOBYTRAPS Rian a8) rae f a y oF Mil aterm needed See a eae ee eee a oi (4) Fin shaped charge in position to direet explosive jet nto ‘vehicle when front wheels hit trip rire. Gs ” (5) Aslack free end of all Wire in hole im winch and draw faut. (5) Screw priming adupter and nonelectaic biaeting eap in vaded cap well, (7) Conceal bootytrap, (8) Arm Gring deviee. Note: Cone may be filed with fragments Le Paving. ADAPTER Noy-ELecTRIC BLASTING CAFS, DETONATING CORD TAPED HERE JMS PULL- RELEASE FIR.NG 2e¥ICEPOOR MAN'S AMES BOND Vol. 3 a0 b. An MS shaped charge bootytrap placed overhead in a tree in 1 woodad area wil) dentrey both tank and crew if loested properly. ‘Trip wire, being vary thin and carcoulloage-colored, is not exaily detected by a driver. (1) Assemble two ring devices (only one may be necessary) Srith detonators and lengths of detonating eord ond a ‘detonating curd primer. “Attach firing assemblios and M3 shapad chaegy in position in tree, eo that when the vehicle coniuels the trip wires, the explosive jet will penetrate the erew compartment Arm boobytrap, 2 mcrae EEN - ~ cate Seaman 2 ee - ronan) a, ¢. Boobstrere laid in and along a narrow path may prove & delaying of fruscratiug cbstacles to foot troops These may be improvised shrapnel charges with a yressurereleese fring device concealed under 4 stone, plete of woud, or other olyjert or with a pull or pull-release firing device and a trip wice. The latter would be very eflective against patra " ie PRESSURE -RELEASE nee ecied Se ‘a Abandoned serviceable or repairable items are frequently 255 BOOBYTRAPS: Doobstrappad if sime and equipment are available. ven unserviee able items may be rigged against scavangers who may search, ‘through the wreckage for useful things. >, Abandoned ammuricion should be exploited to the maxi mur. Chain delonations of connected minas er sec:ions af bengulore vorpedo are particularly effeccive Bocbyzrape aro apzlcable tostorage arene where materi's ceannoe be removed or desiuyed. Several chases strocesically lad seit prave very rewardieg. A lumber pile pravides excellent con- Toatment for an oxshoive rieging, Sheet expiosive may be used in many places where TNT ia imprectical, because of ite size and Shape. Here aguin chain detonations of explosive blocks and ban galore torpedlos wil dé extensive damage, if Uhe firing, meckamsc ie properly located and eanningly concealed, fof is. racamenee ‘Teme Device 48. Abordoned Vabicen ‘a, Truck Wacel (2) Insert length of heavy wire in intercepror hoie in fring devies. - (2) Remove safety pin and replace with laugth of thin wire, Bond both wires slightly to prevent falling out. “Assemble. standard bast, nonsloviric blasting cap, and firing device. ‘Assemble two 2-block explosive charges, nunielectrie blast ing eaps, priming adapters, ard longth of detonating cord, @) ayPOOK MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 260 BOOBYTRAPS (5) In hole prepared under truck whee, assemble bearing Motor, The fan belt is an excellent anchor for a pull wire. The blocks (lake weight off explosive charge), charges, bear- pull wire will be much harder to deiect if anchored underneath the ing board, protective blocks (ake weight off ‘tring bottom pulley, from where it may be extended any length to the device), ond firing device, firing device and charge. (Oar 2. Blectrie System. A veefal combination in charge primed with GD re eee aan electric blasting cap with clamps uttached to the leg wires, This Salts tence ray be attached to deiause by turning o° the ignition switch, engaging the starter, braking, and the Ii mroreenve 1 ae) > e.. 4, Body, Another combination useful in rigging a seat or any other part of the vehicle body is x charge detonated electrically by ‘meana of a mercury switch element. (1) Assemble charge, electric blasting cap, and mercury element, (2) Place boobytrap in position und check circuit with a gal vanometer. (8) Attach batteries in circuit by wrapping tightly with fric- tion tape. Note. Always check circuit before atteching batteries. ‘This rigging way be assembled in 2 small package for-use in a ‘seat cushion or separated for convenience for ancther location in the body of the wehicle. CHARGE, sueer EXPLOSIVE eLEctAIC BLASTING oP est /SMALL 3 eS curr s MISCELLANEOUS BOOBYTRAPS {econ |, STANDARD BOORYTRAPS 4, ectes! Us In World War II, every major power manufactured boobytraps ‘to use against the enemy. Most of them were charged imitations of useful objocts, which maimed or killed helpless soldiers that handled ‘them, The defee: common to all standard boobytraps however, is that after the first or sacond explosion, all others of the same type became ineffective, A "one-shot job hardly justifies preduetion conta. WONELECTREG $0. Foreign Tyee Tae weet sine Se am, Fs one 4, The Soviets used more standard boobytraps in World War II Ea than any other combatent. A weird assortment af charged imits- lions of items iesue’ to German soldiers were dropped from Soviet aP = planes, Some of these were: memes GQ) Cartridge bores, apparently fled with ammunition, com taining high explosives and detonators (2) Bandage packeta containing detonators and shrapnelPOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 261 (8) Bandage cases with Red Cross insignia rigged as min (4) Rubber balic, about twice the elze of a fist that detonated ‘upon Impact, ¢8) Silver-grey light metal boxes or fasks that exploded when ‘the Hd was raised. 48) Cogaac bottles filled with incendiary liguid. (7) Small red Mage marked with an M and attached to wines that detonated when the Bag was removed (8) Imitation earth-geer colored frogs that detonated when pressed oa. (8) Flashlights containing high explosive which detonated ‘hen the switch was moved (20) Medhanical pencils, watches, cigarette cases, cigarette lighters, salt cellars, and similar items that de:onated ‘when handled, b, Knowing the German interest in boaks, the Soviets prepared ‘a book boobytrap. The charge inside Getonated when the cover Was ‘ikea ae Hae Geax ¢. The British also had 2 book boobytap; but it was slightly mare complicated than the Soviet version, above. 4. All sorts of dirty-triek devices were used by the enemy: (1) A flashlight was rigged with a charge and an electric detonator powered and gctuated by the original éry cell battery switeh, and circuit, (2) Bottles designed to lock Uke liguer bottles were filled ‘with a liquid explosive detonated by a pullfrietion fuze attached to the cork. (3) A fountain pen, though very stall. was rigged with an explosive charge, a spring driven striker to fire n perzus- sion cap, and a detonator. (4) ‘The Jepanese manufaezurcd a pipe koobytrap with a charge, detonator, and epring-loaed str:ker. BOCBYTRAFS: (®) The Tuullaus had s boobytrapped heaciset containing an lectrie detonator connected to the terminals on the back. ‘The cenncerion of the headset into the live communication line initiated dolonation POWDERED EXPLOSIVE. = PACKED. AnUND DETONATO DETONATOR WARED To TexmmaLs RETER THE Bigpntian's REMOVED 48) ‘The Germane converted thelr own and enomy standard canteens into bosbytrars. ‘The explosive charge was detonated by a pull fuse and s. pull wire connected to the feap. When partially filled with water and placed in its ‘canvas ease, I€ was very deceptive. The eaniven booby: ‘rap had sn elfective radius of 3 to 8 yards. canyeen PuLe Fuze ain Cars DETORATORPOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 262 BOOBYTRAPS = ; Se Gee eee e-tnig 2396 than cthern, How the goerila may ace them, however, is OF Meaitcd of erate case St uecerirup whittle This Gopedhtable, Al are presesied to stimclste titative end ace . ewthusiaam to cut-do backward enemy peoples in devieing and charge und & mezal ball covered with a layer of frietion ‘ sormpouci, Blowing the whistle moved the ball igniting 7aGP# boobyiraps and to develor a higher level of proficiency she fron composé est decay te earge ae Se Peer ner deen and Feo vara ar inchs per minute). RATING. rast burning fuse (40 inches per minute) eicTION MATERIAL (2) Braid three lengths of cotton s:ring together. (2) Mointen fine back powder» form a past, Rub paste into tiated string with fingers snd allow to dry. Ifa powder fe not available, mix 25 parts posasiim nitrate (aalt peter) in an equal amount of water ane 148 3 parts pu ‘erioedcharcoak and 2 parts pulverized sulphur to form conPouND (6) ‘The German Peters candy bar boobyixa was ingenious part into twiated sizing an allow to indead, The explosive charge faze, and tain canvas pall este, Rub pasts into tis a ary. oviee were covered with chocolet, (8) Check burning rsie before using. 2b. Slow burning fuse (2 inches per minute) « (1) Wash three iengths of string or three shoelnees n hat soapy water and rinse, (2) Dissolve 1 part potassium nitrate ar potassium chlorate and 1 par: granviated suger in 2 parts hot water. (8) Soak string or shoelaces in solution and braid three strands together. Allow to dry. (4) Chesk burning rate (3) Before using, coat several inches of the end to be inserted into cap or material to be ignited with black powder paste (a (2) above) ©. Bisotrie Blasting Cas. (L) With file-or other [nstrument make hole in end of light bulb. Fa SerGan Ik WMPROWISATIONS (2) If jacket is no: available, solder or secure’y fasten two 51. gent Fi Oa eee reas .intehintrmsion ov itary eration n Wot War ete, balbone on mia © cs Mar Oa as cr ate ieee eas IA antig cap wih back docoPiapg oir auras bys beeen! 2 FH gaan ey pron of png ap warfare, However, he now is virtually a noviee in esmparison with the conning and inyen!ous prosont day guerrilla, who at the stert wes almost totally [acking in material and equipment. EB 2, Experience has shown that in guerra warféce, carried on Ly ily-equipped zat.ve ponmiations, bocbytranpina success Geperda te exeuserme Tagconr largely on ingenuity. Explosive, a necessary clement, is either gpm improvised from commercial ingredients or eaptiired from the enemy. Captured mincs, ammunition, and other similar material ‘sre disuaserbiad and ovary ounce af explosive raved. ‘uzere ierearen eae Every soldier shoul: have some traitting in the lessons learned ser ve town t ynrling fr tanh ose Gee Bore sapaan a Se eee see Sea fare Wikre efor cer mayo aioe alerts oi Se ca Scena ae Neon etarivey withmtensesssionehoee te, parrot ee 2D... 3 doses 2 ss ‘ve Inpieiaton cued fa ths etn ure thereto, Prusin Cop Ansnbip aero sore Some may have wie APS octet amePOOR MAN'S JAMES contre. (2) Tape nonélectric blasting cap securely in cartridge. BOND Vo. 3 ane Sore a Bets ese aiteoae ee 55. Pull Fring Devices " Tube and Striker. ‘Assemble tube, spring, str ker sheft with hole or with hex nut soft wood or meta: op plug, pull pic, and improvised yerrussion ‘cap assenably. Note, Always assemble fir-og devies before attaching the impra- viged pereussion cap awembly. =z A 2 2 | | = | 7 Iyesovsco y o PERU 1b, Clothes Pin, “Ack Pawo” (1) Weep atripped ends o€ log sires arvund clothes pin jaws to make elestrict] contaet, Assemble charge, adapter, ler clothes pin, Insert woaden wedge, anchor 2 wire, Check cireult with galvoncmeter fire, ther, connect bat- teries, PA spat @ © lasting esp, and a nes pin, and inal trip (4) “ oucames 2. Stake or Pole Initiator. (A) Assemile stake oF pole, contai chorge, clcetrie ulus (2) Cheek eireuis with gai tories, (3) Fasten down top of container snd seal hole around stale with friction tape sr, metal contact plates, np, and pull cord. venometer frat, then eonnect buts 263 BOOBYTRAPS 4. Rope und Cytiier (1) Cot leg wires 0 proper length, (2) Prepare wooden end plugs and bore hole in one to receive leg wires. Thread leg wires through hole in block Strip end of one leg wire and twist into locp, and secure other leg wive in position Test eirouit with galvonometer. ‘Assemble metal cylinder, contact bolt, pull cord, charge, a) i 6) @ @ Trip Lever and Pull Pin, (1) Plat placement. ‘Assemble container, charge, improvised pall fring device 43 above) and trip lever, ] Ti ae beet (2) Sioping placement. Assemble container, charge, improvised firing davice {shovel und stake. 36 Pretaure Fite Devices 1, Mecianical Concussion. (1) Force striker into hole in pressure board, (2) Insert wood or soft metal shear pin in shear pin hole 48) Assemble striker, metal tube, and improvised blasting cap (para 64)POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 b, Blestrisal. () Lever arm, (a) Attach contact blocks to ends of wooden levers, (b) Assemble wooden levers, rubber strip, and plastic sponge. (e) Attach leg wire contacts, AT f wissen svar a BAN 42) Flezibte side! ™** (a) Attach metal contact plates to bearing boards, (b) Thread Tes through holes in lower bearing bboard and attach to contact plates. (e), Attach Mexible aides, sae 264 (8) Springed pressure board, (a) Assemble metal contacts, springs, bearing board, ‘and preasurs board, (by Attach Teg wires to metal contacts, BOOBYTRAPS (a) Assemble box, leaving one side open, (b) Assembie contact plate and three spacing biecks inside box. €e) Drill holes in spacing block for leg wires. ” (4) Amemble plunger, mets! release, contact block, ‘metal contae, and contact screw. (e) Thread Jeg wire through holes in spacing block: attach to contacts. (6) Metal boz. (a), Attach metal contact to wooden contact block, (b) Assemble contact block and metal contact, brackets, ‘motal release, plunger, and wooden box lid. (e) Bore hale in xide of box for leg wires. (a) Thread leg wires through hole in box. (e) Attach one leg >rire to plunger, the other to metal contact. Note, Batteries may be placed insid 37, Teraton-foleone Fring Device ‘Attach stripped ends of circuit wires to ends of clothes pin to form contacts, Attach taut trip wires below contacts.POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 58, Premce-Releose ve ‘& Double Contact. (2) Bore hols in top of mine body to accommodate long. contacts. (2) Assemble pressure board, coll springs, wooden contact board and metal contacts, {8) Altack cirouit wires, 28 > CIRCUIT WIRES ——-* PRESSURE BEARD == SPRINGS weraL, a contacts. . Clothes Pin. (@) Attach stripped ends of cireuit wires t5 clothes pin to make contee!s. (2) Place mine on top, keoping eomtacts apart. ‘sraeeeo ence crcurt ies 107 e Bottom Plenger. (2) Bore hole is bottom of mine case to admit plunger, (2) Attach lower metal contact over hole, (8) Assemble mine, pressure block, upper metal contact, ‘and nonmetallic phunger. (4) Atinen circuit wires. & Mousetrap. (1) Mechamicai See para $4 5 (2) (2) Bleetricat (a) Remove triggering devices from mousetrap. (b) Assemble trap, contac: plate, and cireuit wires, (c) Place weight on top with striker in armed position. 265 BOOBYTRAPS: @noot wane WEIGHT 59 Ants Devtons a Loop Contact. (2) Drill hole in bottom of mine to admit insulated pull w: (2) Assemble plunger, metal release, and contact plate. (8) Attach circuit wires and bare lonz to plunger contact and contact plate. (A) Thread anchored insulated trip wire through holes in bottom of mine and contact plate and attach io bare loop, nen sate fescese teor IRSUATEO PUM Wit b. Double Detonator. (1) Drill three holes—one in bottom, one in partition, and ‘one in side—to admit nonmetallic plunger ané two eleetrie Dianting caps (2) Assemble blasting cap, leg wires, contact plates, plunger and preanure block. (8) Check cireuit with galvonometer first ‘Teen connect bat- terles with frietion tape. (4) Install binsting eap connected to pressure fring device 1m side of mi ¢. Sliding Contact. (1) Assemble metal eap, nonmecallic tube or carton, sliding contact, wooden plug, and leg wires at contacts. (2). Check olrouit with a galvoncmeter frst, them connect bate teriea with friction tape. (3) Install assembly in tube.POOR MAN'S: JAMES BOND Vol. 3 26 oar Oe wrens ee ee oa (3) Assemble sloped end of time fuze, match head, and cigar. tte. 7 “a i eee a Loe 9 > es iter Ee a ee eee ers eens eee re Te, eo tot cucu wins — Ee ano oes ALARM WINDING STEW 266 61. Bombs BOOBYTRAPS, . Alarm: Clock Timers, (1) Rlecérie. (a) Assemble bose, metal contacts, and alarm clock, (b) Tie knot in one end of string. Thread other end Ghrough metal contacts and sttach to alarm winding. stem, which winches string and closes cirenit. ‘Note. An alarm clock, being 1 very veriatlle delsy, may be con- Sirvemes nected in many other ways, (2) Nonelectric, ee {a) Drill hole in boatd of proper size to hold standard bane tightly (b) Remove standard safety pin trom firing device and replace with easily removed pin. (c) Remove protective cap from standard base and crimp on nonelectric blesting cap, (4) Screw standard base with blasting cap into fring aeviee (2) Assemble alarm clock and firing device on board. {t) Altach one end of length of string to eye in safety pin and the other to alarm windimg stem, which winches string and removes safely 13m, 9 pacsoute reese Fh bev @. Wrist Wateh Timer. (1) One-hour deloy or teas. (a) Dri) small hole in plastic crystal and attach cireuit wire with serew of proper length to contact minute band, (b) Attach other clreuit wireto ense, (2) Taeive-hour delay or leas (a) Remove minute hand. (b) Dil} small hole in plastic eryalal and attach clreult, ‘wire with screw of proper length to contact hour hand, fe) Attach other circuit wire to ease. @, Pipe Bombe, (2) Grenade. (a) Drill hole in cop oF piug to admit length of time foe, (©) Grime nonelectsic blasting oop W length of time ze, (©) Assemble pipe, caps or plage, time fuee primer, and explotive charge.POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 267 BOUBYTRAPS Es 108 rvs, a ee Ee (2) Antigisturbance bomb. 4a) Drill hole in end cap to edmit length of burnt time ‘fore to make a tamb look like « “aud.” fb) Attach leciric cap and mercury element on bese. (o) Test circuit with gulvonometer first, then connect ‘batteries with Zriction tape. (@) Assemble bomb. Caution: If possible, sssemble bomb i piace, aa the mercury element, when disturbed, aay cause premature explosion. To as. semble more safely and easily, attach wrist watch timer in circuit. eee —=9 oo one eas: es (8) Shotows toms, (a) Close one end of pipe with hammer, allowing open- ing for detonating cord primer or eleetrie blasting: cap, (by Remove protective cap from MLA1 pressure or M1 pul firing device end crimp on nonelectrie blasting. cap. (e) Screw standard base with blasting eap inte fring deviee, (4) Assemble pipe, shrapnel, wadding, explosive, ron- ‘electric primer or electric blasting cap (for con ‘rolled fring), end proper firing device. Note. The force of the explosive and the strength of the pipe are important in calculating the size of the charge. b. Nait Grenade. - ‘Aitach neils t top and sides of charge by means of tape or string. Under certain ennditions, nails may be cequired on only two sides. orevencm one side. . Delay Bom, () Chemioa! deloy. () Crimp ncnelectric blasting cs on bass of approprt- ate Mi delay firing device (2) Assemble firing device and charge in package. (e) Crush eepper end of firing deviee with fingers. (4) Place package in suitease or coatainer. Note. Use this bomb anly when delay’ le necessary but sceuraey: in secondary, 28 the delay time of any chemieal Fring deviee varies considerably according to ter:perature, 109 (2) Alarm clock delay, (a). Deilthole in woodsn base of proper size to hold stan- dard base firm! Remove standard safety pin from M5 pressure, release firing device ond replace with easily-re- moved pin. Crimp nonelectric blasting cap on standard base sand attach to firing device Assemble alsrm clock and firing device on wooden base, - ‘Attach one end of string in eve in pull pin and the ‘other to the alarm winging stem so that ita turning veill winch the string and withdraw the pin, (1) Place assembly in suitcase or container. wo © @ cc)POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 268 er BOOBYTRAPS (4) Attach firing device to detanating cord with tape. (5) Assemble Claymore mine with priming and firing se- cestories and dram of napalm. anwar ue a ve mess ecue sone " STD oH ene 0 eee 62 tee? vnctonge ‘Lame on Pa = fae oer ee — = 3 aa — (1) Cut leg wires of electric blasting cap of proper lengch to make cirevit. (2) Strip insulation off ends of circuit wires and twist into Yinch loops to make Joop awiteb. (8) Test circuit with galvonometer jirsé, them attach bet= teries, (4) Assemble cardboard base, batteries, eleetric blasting esp, and explosive as package, (5) Attach one end of string to loop switch so that it will pull the bared loops together to elase eireuit. (8) Cut hole inside of envelope under fap, (1) Fix package in envclopa firmly and thread etring through te. (8) Attach string firmly hut concealed to undersige of Aap. (8) Close envelope with elastic band. Elastic eano ‘i (STRETCH AROUND RSSEMBLY) WALLET TWPE ENVELOPE GS SHEET EXPLOSIVE, Worw2 eATTERES ELECTING BLASTING CAP STRING 2. Hot Shrapnel Bomb. (2) Remove protective cap from standard base and crimp of nomelectrie blasting cap. (2) Sere base with cap in MY pull fring device. (3) Crimp nonelectrie Slasting cap on one end of tength of detonating cord, and install in Claymore mine, J. Rice Paddy Bomb. 4 cmon, (1) Remove protective esp from atandard bese and crimp on nonelectric blasting cap. (2) Screw standard base with esp into M1 pull fring device. (8) Asvembie fring device, detonating cord, priming sdavter, nonelectric blasting sap, and explosive charge. (A) Attach charge to drum of napalm. (6) Arm fring dovies au a) i J ge g ue i / Ea Re te Re | BS ee 7 Pronger eis OF APA pueeb Ter TENT 9. Tin Can Bomb. (©) Cuba notehed metal contact disk to provide dlearance for Jength of sti insuleied wire and % :0 14 in. from: walls ulated wire of proper length to support disk and strip insulation from both ends. Bend hook on oneFOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 fend tc hold bare suspension wire, (8) Bend stiff wiee to proper chape. (4) Assemble can, explosive, contact to can, blssting cap, insulated support wire, suspension wire and contact disk. (5) Check circuit with galvonometer firs, then eonneet bat = 62. Micalleneous Charger ‘« Improvised Shaped Charge, (2) Cut strip of thin metal to make eone of 30° ta 60° angie ‘to fit snugly into container. (2) Place cone in container, Pack explosive firmly in container to a level of 2x height. (4) Attach standoffs to set charge above target at height of of cone. 2m diameter of cone. (5) Attach blasting eap at renr dead center of charge. b. Improvised Antipersonnel Mine, (1) Assemble container, explosive, separstor, and shrapnel Explosive must be paced to uniform density and thick- ‘ness (should be 44 weight of shragmel). (2) Remove protective cap from stencard base end crimp on. electri latng cap, (8) Scraw standard base with Sasting cap into proper fring devica, (4) Secure firing device in place. (8) Fix primer in rear center of explosive and tape to fring aevice, (8) Arm fring device aaa 269 BOOBYTRAPS Platter Charge. devon (1) Astembie container, charge, und piatter. Charge should ‘weigh same ns platter. (2) Place primer in rear center of charge, (3) Align center af platter sith center of target mass, (A) Attach and arm firing device. US noueczcrme peer earares Ahan, ‘bewecd ere Improvised Claymore (1) Altach shrapnel to conver side of base and cover with ‘loth, tape, or acreen retainer. (2) Place layer of plastic explosive on concave side of base. (2) Attach logs to concave side of base. (4) Attach electric blasting cap at exact rear center. (5) Attach firing device to fring wires at proper distance from mine for safety, nssie pene OLS sere toys Bee rrr i=POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vou. ne 3 BOOBYTRAP DETECTION AND REMOVAL Secilon |. CLEARING METHODS 63, Technicians 2, Although engineer and infantry specialists are responsible ‘or boobytrap detection and removal, all military organizations ax- signed to combat zone missions must provide trained men to assist then, >. If possible, trained engineer, infantry. or explosive ordnance disposal units will search out and neutralize all bocbytraps in front of friendly trocps or prepare anfe passage lanes. When discovered, boobytraps will either be disarmed immediately or marked by warning sign, Only the simple ones ill be disarmed during attack, ‘Thoxe more complicated will be marked and reported for removal, «¢. Te avoid casualty, boobyérapped areas, especially villages and ‘other inhabited places, should be bypassed, to be eleared by special- ists Inter, ‘Tactical units will neutralize bootytraps omly when necessary for eontinued movement or operation. 64, Cleoronce Teome Men who clear bootytraps ure organised into Aispesal tears and assignad to specific areas according to thelr teaining end experi- 4. Direction anc control is the responsiblity of the person in charge of clearance activities, who will= (1) Maintain a control point near at hend snd remain in close contact with his clearance parties, (2) Give assistance to disposal teams when required. (9) Preserve new types of enemy equipment found for more carefal examinaticn by engineer intelgence teams, #, Searching parties will be sufficient in number to cover an area promptly, without interfering with exch other , In clearing a building, one person will direct all searching parsies ascimned. Open arés clearance will be preceded by reconnaissance if the presence of bocbytraps is suspected. Once boobytraps are found, saareh must be thorough. « Searching parties must be rested frequently. A tired man, cr one whose atzention is attracted elaewhere, is a danger to hime self and others working with him. $5. Tools and Equipment 42. Body Armor. Armor of various kinds is available. Special bots end shoe pac, also issued, will give gresvar protection ‘aguinss blast than boots generaily worm, b. Mine Detectors ne (2) ‘Toree mize detectors useful in the removal of bsobytraps sare issued: AN/PRSS (Polly Smith) and the transietor- iestion model, designed far metal detection, and AN/PRS-4 for nonmetallic detection. Of the metal Gelectors, the transistorized model is the lighter and more powerful, All three mode's have the same de- Ficiences, They may signa’ a smal) piece of acvep as well rietal-cased explonive or signal an air pocket in the BOOBYTRAPS Dot, oF disturbed soil generally. ing time shoulé not exceed 20 minutes to avois ‘operator fotigue, Tired operators after become envelese ozeratora & Gropnels. These ate hocks attached to 2 length of stout cord wire, long enough for the operator to pull a tine cr boobytrap from place from a safe sistance or from at least 62 meters behing cover, iC @. Probes. Lengths of metal rod or stiff wire, or bayonets, are ‘#003 probes for locating buried charges. Searching parties some- times work with rolled-ap sleeves better to feel trip wires und hidden cbjeets, Markers, Stanciard markers tre carried by dizposal teams to {designate the loeation of known boobytraps, pending their rersoval 7 f. Tope. Marking tape is useful for tracing safe rostes and identifying dangerots areas g. Hand Toole. Sreall items, such as nai's, cotter pins, places of wire, friction tape, safety pins, pliers, pocket keife, hand mirror, scissors, fleshlight, end screw driver sve very useful im booby trap clearance. 6, Detection 4. The most careful observation is required for the detection of boobytraps. Soldiers must be trained snd disciplined to be on guard ‘especially when moving over an area previously held by the enemy. Although a soldier may not be assigned the responsibility for their Geteetion snd clesrance, he must be a any sign that may indicate their presence. He rust also discipline himself to Jeok carefully for concealed boobyiraps before performing many acts of norm! life, Often prisoners of war through interrogation give informa tion on new or imknown hoobytrep devices that may sid in their Sdentification and handling later on. Local inhabitants also often provide information on boatytraps Jaid in the neighborhood. @, Searching for bocbytrana ani delaved charies is diftevt and tedious, particularly when inielligance is lacking cr inadequate. ‘The extent of search required, the ease of placing and cemouflag-POOR MAN'S JAMES HONU Vol. 3 271 BOOBYTKAPS: ing, and the great number of devices available to the enemy make e light held at the other, Clog-teg fuex may be checked by lowering a the’clearance of all charges almost, impossibie, Searching parties, brick froma sofe distance. before heing sent out, will be briefed on all that is known about —% Guard all buildings until they are occupied. smemy activities in the aren 2 When possible and only after a thorough sherk, turn on all 7, Outdoor Serching Technigont ubllitfes trom outside the balding. ‘as boobytraps are so deadly and as a rule cunn:ngly conceived toad hidden, outdoor searcting parties should be suspicious of = Nate. A soldier by training aon develop hi vense of denger: Also All moveable and apparentiy valuable and ‘ietul property bY experience and exraful continuous observation of his surround: b. All disturbed ground ant littar from explaive containers.” €¥20 while wm a combat area, he car velop am ccute matint that €. Marks intentionally left behind to attsact or divert attention, terns hint of danger—a most rakunble asset tox ard self-protection. 4, Evidence of former camouflage. pmemincsaneyanecs 130 +. Abrupt changes or bresks in the continuity of any object, such 89. Neutralization as tanatura appesrasce: of fences, pain, vegsiation, and dase. @ This isthe making of a dangerous boobytrap mnie to handle. /. Unnceseace thivgs lke naite, wire, ov cord thet may be part If thisis not possible, however, it must be destroyed. Neutralization of a toobytrap. involves two steps—disorming or replacing safeties in the firing 9. Unueual marks that may be an enemy warsing of danger. assembly and defusing or separating the fring asserobly from the % AID obstrietions, for thay are ideal spots Zor boobytraps, main charze and the detonator Srom the firing assembly. Search carefully before lifting a stonc, moving a low hanging iimb, 8. Although typer of boobytraps found in conventional warfare ct pushing aside & broker-down whectbarrow. fn a combat zone var’ greatly, equipment used by most armies in Queer imprints or marks or a rosd, which may lead a curious basically similer except i construction details. Accordingly, & peracn to dsnzer. Imnowladge of the mochanical details and ‘=chniques in the use of 9. Abandoned vehicles, dugouts, wells, machinery, bridges, gub standard US, bochytrayping equipment im conventional warfare ties, defen, er bandoned stores, Ales walk esrefully in or around Prepsres a soldier to sume exter: for dealing with that of she theses pressure-elense devioce are easily concealed under relative: enemy. This, however is not true in guerrille warfere. Most enemy ty seca objcets. beotysraps found recently in guevrilla infested areas, were can- A Aroas in which boobytrane are no: Zound immediately. Never Tingly and ingeniously improvised and iaié. Such Loobytrape ean stare without Curther uivesigelion that ectire areas are clear. rarely be neutralized even by the most experienced specialists Obvious trip wires. The presence of one trip wire aitached to Theve are discussed snd illustrated in chopter 0. aan objert does not mesn that there areno others, Searching ust be _ ¢, Boobytraps may be neatralzed by two methods. (1) Whea- concplete, ever the Iccation permits, they may be destroyed by actuating the from @ safe distance o detonating a charge near the ty an ee eee ‘Those in charge of disposal teams should: fitions are unfavorable (2) Waen necessary, booiytraps may be ‘@ Assign no more than one ran +9 @ room in a building. Sisaseembied by hand. As his is extremely dangerous, i should be 8. Indicate th ning of large chee yo prorrangod sig in . nal. Ail teams except those sesponsitle for nestrelinng large eae eA Seay Oe Sa aia maa %€ UATE atertaken only by experienced and extreme); skillful apecaliste, Beyer rete ea ine eri MES Pee erg eb 'e. Examine both sides of a door before touching a knob, Observe b¢ obtained before any neutralization isattenpiedh through a reindow or brosk opens pandh. Lf deers and windaws | 1m forward moverients, all complicated mechaniaras found must be opened and both sides cannot be examined, use a ong rope. S76 ypaared. These are marled and reported for, neucratzation SE ene a eee ior Laabglocs aay be ciphed MRT, when mnere deliberate etion may be taken without harrags- 1a loose bocrés. revosble bricks, carpets, raised boards or stair Ment by enemy Are oleae eae eee a st sositnos expt to ast from ally fre oF eaial . Never move farniture, pictures, or siailar cbjects before bombing shoul be destraved in place. . Pye ce deerel al ree ae reimieinape with sormcopnable or complisted Arig a Se ee eet hon ccnbiard door or Grawer without care: FAMEDRaN shou'd be marked and Wert for specials to disarm. ‘fal checking, Sticky doors, €rawerr, cr [de ahould be pulled witha | (1) Electrically fired boobytraps ars among the most dangercus eon of all, Though rare in the past, they now toon up froquently in ne A sit an any chair, sofa, or bed before carefulexamination, Ewer? warfare, Some may be identified by the presence of «lat. SE a a arr bafort cheak. Ee ‘ead wires, dry ceils. or other batteries Some are amall con- Larter ey erate switches before check- siner, with all elements placed inside which actuate at the slightest ing the entize cicuit- Such action may connect powar fo 8 chAPES aigturbunce, Thess can hardly be disarmed even by experts. fe Pmoys al switch plates and trace ali wires thnk appear for- ‘ 7 ign oacizeuit. Examire all appliances. CG) Another tel te has Sey Tsing 2pringcund or FP Pamcoigaiall rpc ed ress Look for arming hole, Enlare ieee Sockwork for long delay teri oy heme aon Erie : Sevices, Az she Lime of Selonaticn is unezrtain, ouch boobytraps at wal and floor punctures Cavities maybe examined by refleting ae ale creuahtght beare off @ bend mirror. (This i also applicable for *b00ld be destroyed in plate, i poasbie or tachaly esas searching under antitank mines.) 70, Rules of Conduct 121 "as Keep in constant practice by inspecting and studying all J, Empty all fire boxes, remove the ashes, check fire wood, and known boobytrap methods and mechanisms. mare the caal pile. ®. Develop patience. A careless net may dectrcy you and others 1 Always work from the basement upward. Cheek, move, and as well. mask cveryiling movaule incloding valves, taps, lovers, controls, e, Remember that knowiecge inspires confidence Tareons, and the like. A leckwerk delay may noi be hasrd If3t isd, Let only one man deal with a boobyurap. Keep all others out ‘wall biden. of danger. ‘on: Double chock basements and first floors—especially chimney ¢, 1in doubt, gethelp fromn exper’, flume, clevator and ventilator ehefte, and insulated dead-air spaces. j. Never group together when there is danger. Shek screight flues and shafts by abserving from one end against p, Hesuspicious of every unusual objectPOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 272 BOOBYTRAPS A. Regardless of nationality, consider every enemy a ruthless, ‘cunning and ingeniocs killer. 7. Detailed Operations &. Destruction tm Place. (2) If damage is eecestahla, which in genevally the case out of doors, the operator may initiate boobyteap riggings by their own acheninm or hy a zope from & sae poston (at east 5 eaters asay) (2) ‘The easiest method of getiing rid of a boobyeray into detoo- ste w pound of high explosive adjacess to the main charge 2, Removal of Moin Charge (Antitenk Mina). Careful probing or search around the charge Is neceasary to locate and neutralize all antilift devices, Recognition of the type of firing mechanisms used is necessary to avoid casualty. Ail aafety 13 Goviees must he replaced. If complete neutralization ceenm doubt. (4) Fuzes of certain types become extremely sensitive to dis- ful, the charge should be pulled from place by a grapnel or rope turbance from exposure to wet soil. The only safe method of meu- from a safe location. After the charge is pulled, the aperator ahould trélizing or removing wich deterioreted boobytrepa is detonation in ‘wait af least 20 seconds at a safeguard against ® concealed delay PIECE. section fuze, 72. Esplosiva Disposal ‘c. Hard Disarming. None but trained specialists should ucder- a. Usually, explosive items recovered by hand neutralization are take this job, unless the boobytrep's characteristics and disarming destroyed by specially-trained explosive ordnance disposal units, technfgues are well known. Trained epecialists only should inepect Should untrained troops be required to do this, they should follow ‘and destroy ail unusval or complicated mechanisms for safety rea- established procedures with great care, Explosives to be detonated tons and Zor information on new enemy devices. The fclowing peo. should be buried in « pit at ‘enw: d feet deep under 2 feet of earth, cedures for herd neuialization are for guidance only, a8 the exact. {tee of rocks or other matter that may become fiving debris. nequence depends on the type of device und the manner of place. 8. Components should be placed oa their side or in position to att ‘expose their largest arca to the force of the initisting explosive, Demolition blocks should be used for destruction of these compo- (1) Do not touch any part of a boobytrap before examining it nents, if available; but bangalore torpedoes or dycamite may be thoroughly. Locate all firing devices and their triggering mechan- substituted. Primed charges should ziwave be connected to firing iss, rechanisms by detonating cord, so that blasting eaps may be cone (2) When tracing wires, lock for concealed intermediate devices nectad a: the Inst minute: This eliminates openiag the pit ir the laid to impede searching. Do not distarb any wires during theexam- event of a misfire. All persons engaged in dispoval should take nation of the bootytrap. cover when explosive components are detonated. Despite the 2-foot 48) Cut loose trip wires only after careful examination of all layer of earth, fragments tay be thrown at high velocity for aeve connecting objects and their functions and replacing alt safoties. eral hundred yards, (4) Trace taut wires and disarm a!) connectod dring dovieca by vs replacing safeties, Taut wires should be cutonly when the danger at INDEX both ends hae bean eliminated. (5)) Replace safeties in all mechanisms, using nails, lengths of ‘metal forms extremely sensitive salts readily detonated by handling. of wire, cotter pn and other objec — (6) Never use force in disarming firing devieus. Abandoned material, bocbytrappicg of: (7) Without aisarbng the rain barge, ca deiouating cord or ~Ammenton cones ah other leads between the dissrmed firing devices and the main weber Ke charge. we " (@) Cot wires lading tan elaisiedetonator_one at tine, MO aes (9) When using a probe, push it gently into the ground. Stop “Adapter, prin when you touch ary cen. Hray bem pressure eap gr plate” 4a inne ™ (10) Once sepaeated, boobytrey components should be removed AMUMLSST mw tonsafestorageor dispous! area. ae re 1 Spnal Peeeatione Pre rama (1) Be wary eastloce in handing dalay mechanisms. though ander tun seacasnc there may be ite danger before the sppeiate Um, wualnry fr “gay ite, bros: te sng devious maybe prevent All complicate: and exfuning Geviees Pra lst Ss thould be dstzoyedin pace or mata for treatment ty apecans, Amo boy mS (2). Explosive containers of wood or cardboard buried for ng. setney babyien.. . periods are dangerous a ditars, They are lao axtremaly danger ous to probe if in an advanced state of decomposition, Deteriorated Bangalore torpedo. a high explosives are very susceptible to detonation, Thus destruc- Blasting cape: tion im place of a boobytrap and in a concentrated area Jong exposed Electria. - vp @ ‘w moisture may detonate many others simultanecusly, ae eee He ae 1 Norelectrie mo (9) Metallic explosive containers, after prolonged burial, are Homb charge. s 8 often dangerous to remove. Oxidation may make them resistant to Bombs, improvised: detection After a Une the explosive nay bneome contaminaied, — S8sdhuace esta is increasing the danger in handling, Explosives containing picrle — prcheeo77 ~ “lie teid'arepartialary Gancerous as deterioration from eantat with fat upealsans. SePOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 273 BOOBYTRAPS B ‘6 2 ” ™ ” awe rn rs Lighten fuse, HOA. 2g Leeallom, booby. Mee Daly fing deview: “Lares bese a th a0 2 ‘om Me chara 2 rene ere) Moca eal, SIME (charged. = evtraiatin... - m4, He, 8, 7, ua eke ons oePOOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 3 274 INCENDIARIES YW Gees Rh RO, a pone oa he ‘Bug Se: Ryu din S41 oem attntine 45, 72) Withdrawal. ——_—_—_—_—_ OOOar—ey—x > ———