1) PERMITTED - REQUIRED – ALLOWED

1- At work we have to wear shoes.

We ____________________________________________________ shoes at work. REQUIRED
2- I think she will cook for the party.
She ____________________________________________________ for the party. SUPPOSED
3- My dad doesn’t let me eat sweets before dinner.
I ____________________________________________________ sweets before dinner. ALLOWED
4- Workers must arrive on time every day.
Workers ____________________________________________________ on time every day. OBLIGED
5- We thought the plane would arrive at 10:00.
The plane ____________________________________________________ at 10:00. EXPECTED
6- You can’t park your car here.
You ____________________________________________________ your car here. PERMITTED.

2) PERFECT MODALS
1- I’m sure Beth was at home yesterday.
Beth ____________________________________________________ yesterday. HAVE
2- I’m sure the shop wasn’t closed that early.
The shop ____________________________________________________ that early. BEEN
3- It wasn’t a good idea to leave the umbrella at home.
I ____________________________________________________ the umbrella at home. NOT
4- They’re terrible players. I’m sure they didn’t win the match.
They’re terrible players. They ____________________________________________________ the match. COULDN’T
5- It is possible that he heard the news from Laura.
He ____________________________________________________ the news from Laura. MIGHT
6- I regret not bringing a coat.
I ____________________________________________________ a coat. BROUGHT

3) CLAUSES OF CONTRAST
1- I was tired, but I continued studying.
I _____________________________________________________________________ tired. ALTHOUGH
2- It was raining, but we played outside.
We _____________________________________________________________________ raining. EVEN
3- He had a headache but he went to work.
He _____________________________________________________________________ headache. DESPITE
He _____________________________________________________________________ headache. DESPITE
4- She didn’t have much time. She helped me anyway.
She _____________________________________________________________________anyway. HOWEVER
5- The footballer continued playing even though he was injured.
The footballer _______________________________________________________________ injured. IN SPITE OF
The footballer _______________________________________________________________ injury. IN SPITE OF

4) USED TO – BE USED TO – GET USED TO

1- When I was a child I would chase birds.
_____________________________________________________________________ CHASE
2- It was Fred’s custom to read books during lesson breaks.
Fred _____________________________________________________________________ READING
3- I didn’t like pizza, but eventually I started eating it.
_____________________________________________________________________ USED
4- I never got accustomed to have dinner.
_____________________________________________________________________ GOT
5- My mum took us to church every Sunday some years ago.
_____________________________________________________________________ TAKE
6- I never had mate when I was a teenager, but I am accustomed to it now.
_____________________________________________________________________ AM
7- My granddad would never go to the cinema because it was very expensive.
_____________________________________________________________________ USE
8- I couldn’t stand rap music before, but now I listen to it.
_____________________________________________________________________ HAVE

5) IMPERSONAL PASSIVE
1- People think that the robber is from another town.
It _____________________________________________________________________
The robber _____________________________________________________________________
2- Everybody said that the meeting was a success.
It _____________________________________________________________________
The meeting _____________________________________________________________________
3- People believe that Argentina will win the next match.
It _____________________________________________________________________
Argentina _____________________________________________________________________
4- He says that the Governor had inaugurated the bridge last year.
It _____________________________________________________________________
The bridge _____________________________________________________________________
5- They think that temperature on Earth is rising.
It _____________________________________________________________________
Temperature on Earth _____________________________________________________________________
6- They say the kids were fishing yesterday afternoon.
It _____________________________________________________________________
The kids _____________________________________________________________________

6) WISHES AND REGRETS

1- I want a new car.
I wish _____________________________________________________________________
2- I didn’t go to the beach, but I wanted to.
I wish _____________________________________________________________________
3- I ate the whole cake and now I have a stomachache.
I wish _____________________________________________________________________
4- My neighbours play very loud music. It’s annoying!
I wish _____________________________________________________________________
5- I’m angry because the Government doesn’t do anything about poverty.
I wish _____________________________________________________________________
6- I’m not able to run very fast. It’s a shame.
I wish _____________________________________________________________________
7- Last year I couldn’t go on holiday. It was a pity.
I wish _____________________________________________________________________
8- Sadly, I didn’t have time to visit my friends.
I wish _____________________________________________________________________
9- You are always leaving dirty socks on the floor!
I wish _____________________________________________________________________
10- I’m not watching T.V. at the moment, sadly.
I wish _____________________________________________________________________

7) REPORTED SPEECH
1- ‘Anna is going to America for six months’, Thomas said.
______________________________________________________________________________________
2- ‘My mum arrived from work early yesterday’, Alfred told me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
3- ‘I’ve been waiting here for two hours’, she said.
______________________________________________________________________________________
4- ‘We usually eat in the backyard in the Summer’, Jane told us.
______________________________________________________________________________________
5- ‘They will deliver the food at nine’, he said.
______________________________________________________________________________________
6- ‘When do you have English lessons?’, Fred asked?
______________________________________________________________________________________
7- ‘Where did you buy this jacket?’, Jenna asked.
______________________________________________________________________________________
8- ‘How is your sister doing at school?’, Chris asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
9- ‘Who is the owner of this house?’, the police officer asked.
______________________________________________________________________________________
10- ‘What time will they leave?’, she asked.
______________________________________________________________________________________
11- ‘Do you have a pen?’, he asked.
______________________________________________________________________________________
12- ‘Are you waiting for the bus?’, Kelly asked.
______________________________________________________________________________________
13- ‘Have you been playing computer games the whole morning?’, my mum asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
14- ‘Does she play tennis on Saturday?’, he asked.
______________________________________________________________________________________
15- ‘Is she a swimmer?’, they asked.
______________________________________________________________________________________
16- ‘Buy some juice, please’, he asked.
______________________________________________________________________________________
17- ‘Be quiet!’, she ordered the kids.
______________________________________________________________________________________
18- ‘Don’t park here’, the man told me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
19- ‘Don’t run in the classroom!’, the teacher commanded.
______________________________________________________________________________________
20- ‘Stay here, please’, they asked us.
______________________________________________________________________________________

8) REPORTING VERBS
1- ‘You shouldn’t leave without your phone’, he said to me.
He ______________________________________________________________ without my phone. ADVICE
2- ‘I won’t travel by plane. I’m scared!’.
My aunt ______________________________________________________________ by plane. REFUSE
3- ‘You didn’t follow the rules’, he told us.
The man ______________________________________________________________ the rules. ACCUSE
4- ‘You broke my tablet!’, he shouted at me.
My brother ______________________________________________________________ tablet. BLAME
5- ‘Ok Jake. I’ll buy you an ice cream’, I said.
Jake ______________________________________________________________ an ice cream. CONVINCE
6- ‘I won’t tell your secret’, she told me.
Mara ______________________________________________________________ secret. PROMISE
7- ‘I’ll make dinner as long as they wash the dishes’, she told him.
She ______________________________________________________________ washed the dishes. AGREE
8- ‘I should have bought the dress when I had the opportunity!’
She ______________________________________________________________ had the opportunity. REGRET

9) -ING / TO + infinitive / bare infinitive

1- My dad would like _____________________ (have) a word with you.
2- Mary admitted _____________________ (take) my jacket.
3- We carried on _____________________ (walk) even though we were very tired.
4- I can’t afford _____________________ (buy) a new mobile phone.
5- You should _____________________ (eat) more fruit and vegetables.
6- That’s impossible. The door can’t be open. I remember _____________________ (lock) it.
7- Please, don’t forget _____________________ (bring) this book for next class.
8- Children, stop _____________________ (run) around!
9- I tried _____________________ (fix) the T.V. several times but it was impossible to repair it.
10- The boy managed _____________________ (win) the race.
11- May I _____________________ (call) you later?
12- We might _____________________ (stop) halfway there.

10) CLAUSES OF PURPOSE

1- We saved some money to go on holiday.
___________________________________________________________________________________ ORDER
2- I studied a lot because I had a test.
___________________________________________________________________________________ FOR
3- My friends trained very hard in order not to lose the competition.
___________________________________________________________________________________ SO AS
4- My mum signed a permission slip for a school trip.
___________________________________________________________________________________ SO THAT
5- I went to the library so as to study in silence.
___________________________________________________________________________________ TO

11) CONDITIONALS

A) SECOND CONDITIONAL.
1- I don’t like rock music. That’s why I don’t go to concerts.
If I _____________________________________________________________________________ to concerts.
2- They love cats. They have six at home!
If they _____________________________________________________________________________ at home.
3- You never sleep early, so you’re sleepy all the time.
If you _____________________________________________________________________________ all the time.
4- Tom is too young and he can’t drive a car.
If Tom _____________________________________________________________________________ a car.
5- Elisa isn’t here, so the children are sad.
If Elisa _____________________________________________________________________________ sad.
 B) THIRD CONDITIONAL
1- I didn’t listen to my mum, so this happened!
If I _____________________________________________________________________________!
2- We invited lots of people so the party was a success.
If we _____________________________________________________________________________ a success.
3- They survived because they had food and water.
If they _____________________________________________________________________________.
4- My son packed his books so he didn’t get bored on the bus.
If my son _____________________________________________________________________________ on the bus.
5- I couldn’t buy the medicine because the chemist’s was closed.
If the chemist’s __________________________________________________________________________ the medicine.

C) MIXED CONDITIONALS
1- I went to bed late. I’m tired.
________________________________________________________________________________________
2- I have lots of debts. I sold my car in order to pay.
________________________________________________________________________________________
3- He doesn’t care about us. That’s why he didn’t help us when we needed him.
________________________________________________________________________________________
4- I had an argument with my neighbours because they park their car in front of my garage.
________________________________________________________________________________________
5- I forgot my keys. I can’t open the door.
________________________________________________________________________________________

12) RELATIVE CLAUSES. Write ONE sentence using the relative pronouns given.
1- The restaurant has closed. They met there.
The restaurant __________________________________________________________________________ WHERE
2- Freya saved me.
Freya is __________________________________________________________________________ WHO
3- That woman is walking down the street. She was my babysitter.
The woman __________________________________________________________________________ WHO
4- The school is opposite the church. They study there.
The school __________________________________________________________________________ WHERE
5- Mr. Jackson’s son won an award last week.
Mr Jackson is __________________________________________________________________________ WHOSE
6- I’ve told you about that house.
That is __________________________________________________________________________ WHICH
7- That man’s bike was stolen.
That is __________________________________________________________________________ WHOSE