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fo/u fopkjr Hkh# tu] ugha vkjEHks dke]
foifr ns[k NksM+s rqjra e/;e eu dj ';keA
iq#"k flag ladYi dj] lgrs foifr vusd]
^cuk^ u NksM+s /;s; dks] j?kqcj jk[ks VsdAA
jfpr% ekuo /keZ [Link]
ln~xq# Jh [Link]+nklth egkjkt
lfEeJ la[;k,¡ (Complex Numbers)
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
The shortest path between two truths in the real domain passes through the complex domain………..Hadamard gacgues
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
lfEeJ la[;k fudk; (The complex number system)
Hkkjrh; [Link] ^egkohj* ¼850 A.D.) viuh jpuk ^[Link] laxgz * esa ;g fy[kus okys izFke O;fDr Fks fd oLrqvksa dh
izdf` r dh rjg dksbZ _.kkRed la;k [Link] oxZ la[;k ugha gSA blfy;s bldk dksbZ oxZey
w ugha gksr k gS vr% ,slh dksb Z
okLrfod la[;k x ugha gS tks cgqir lehdj.k x + 1 = 0 dks lar’q V djsA
2

lehdj.k x2 + 1 = 0 dk gy nsus okys fy;s − 1 ds fy;s ,d izrhd ftls vaxt sz h ds i v{kj }kjk iznf”kZr djrs gS]
fLoV~tjyS.M ds [Link] fy;ksukMZ ;wyj }kjk 1748 esa fn;k x;kA i dks ,d dkYifud la;k ekuk x;k ftl ij ,d
okLrfod la[;k dh rjg [Link]; laØ;k,a dh tk ldrh gSA i v{kj ls − 1 dks iznf”kZr fd;k x;k; lEHkor% blfy,
D;ksfa d i ySfVu “kCn ‘imaginarius’ dk igyk v{kj gSA

,slh cgqinh; [Link] dks gy iznku djus ds fy;s lfEeJ la[;kvksa ds leqPp; dks ifjHkkf’kr fd;k x;k gSA ge a + bi
ds :i dh la[;k dks lfEeJ la[;k dgrs gS tgka a o b okLrfod la[;k,a gSA bls z ls iznf”kZr fd;k tkrk gSA vFkkZr z
= a + ib ‘a’ dks z dk okLrfod Hkkx ftls (Rez) rFkk ‘b’ dks dkYifud Hkkx ftls (lmz) }kjk fu:fir djrs gSA
dksbZ lfEeJ la[;k
(i) fo”kq) okLrfod gS] ;fn b = 0 gksA
(ii) fo”kq) dkYifud gS] ;fn a = 0 gksA
(iii) dkYifud gS] ;fn b ≠ 0 gksA

uksV % (a) okLrfod la[;kvksa dk leqPp; R leqPp; R la[;kvksa dk mfpr mileqPp; gSA vr% [Link] la[;k fudk;
N ⊂ W ⊂ I ⊂ Q ⊂ R ⊂ C gSA
(b) “kwU; “kq) okLrfod ,oa fo”kq) dkYifud gS ysfdu dkYifud ugha gSA
(c) i= − 1 dks dkYifud bdkbZ dgk tkrk gSA
rFkk i = - 1; 13 = - i; i4 = 1 bR;kfn
2

(d) a b = ab ;s dsoy rHkh lEHko gS tc de ls de a ;k b esa ls _.kkRed ugha gksA

(e) ;fn z = a + ib gks] rks a - ib dks z dk la;Xq eh lfEeJ dgk tkrk gS ftls z = a - ib fy[kk tkrk gSA
(f) okLrfod la[;k,a Øe lEcU/k dks lar’q V djrh gS ijUrq dkYifud la[;k,a Øe lEcU/k dks lar’q V ugha gS vFkkZr~ i
> 0, 3 + i < 2 vFkZ ghu gSA

[Link]; lafØ;k,¡ (Algebraic Operations)

lfEeJ la[;kvksa dh ewyHkwr lafØ;k,sa
lfEeJ la;k esa lafØ;k yxkus ds fy, ge okLrfod la[;kvksa] dh [Link] dk mi;ksx djrs gS] i2 dks -1 izfrLFkkfir
djrs gS tc ;g izkIr gksrk gksA
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1- ;ksx (a + bi) + (c + di) = a + bi + c + di = (a + c) + (b + d)i

2- O;odyu (a + bi) - c + di) = a + bi - c - di = (a - c) + (b - d)i

3- [Link] (a + bi) (c + di) = ac + adi + bci = bdi2 = (ac - bd) + (ad + bc)i

a + bi a + bi c − bi ac − adi + bci − bdi2

4- foHkktu = . =
c + di c + di c − di c 2 − d2i2

ac + db + (bc − ad)i ac + bd bc − ad
= = + i
c 2 − d2 c 2 + d2 c 2 + d2
lfEeJ la[;kvksa esa vlfedk,” ifjHkkf’kr ugha gSA ;fn ge dgs fd lfEeJ la[;k /kukRed gS ;k _.kkRed gks ;g ekU;
ugha gSA
mnkgj.k % z > 0, 4 + 2i + < 2 + 4i vFkZghu gSA
okLrfod la[;kvksa esa ;fn a2 + b2 = 0 gks] rks a = 0 = b rFkkfi lfEeJ la[;kvksa esa z12 + z 22 = 0 gksus dk eryc z1 =
z2 = 0 ugha gSA

lfEeJ la[;kvksa dh rqY;rk (Equality In Complex Number):

nks lfEeJ la[;k,¡ z1 = z1 + ib1 vkSj z2 = a2 + ib2 cjkcj gS ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn musd okLrfod Hkkx ,oa dkYifud Hkkx
Øe”k% cjkcj gksA
vFkkZr~ z1 = z2 ⇒ Re(z1) = Re(z2) ,oa Ιm ( z1 ) = Ιm ( z 2 )

lfEeJ la[;kvksa dk fu:ij (Representation of a complex number)

19oha “krkCnh ds izkjEHk esa dkyZ ÝsMfjd xkSl ¼1777&1855 ½ vkSj fofy;e jksou gSfeYVj ¼1805&1865½ us Lora= :i ls
yxHkx leku le; ij lfEeJ la[;kvksa dks nks okLrfod la[;kvksa ds Øfer ;qXe ds :i esa ifjHkkf’kr djus dk fopkj
j[kkA vFkkZr~ a + ib = (a, b)
izR;sd lfEeJ la;k ds fy, lery esa ek= ,d fcUnq gksrk gS vkSj foykser% esa izR;sd fcUnq ds fy, ek= ,d lfEeJ la[;k
gksrh gSA blh dkj.k ge izk;% lfEeJ la[;k z dks fcUnq z dgrs gSA

(a) dkrhZ; :i ¼T;kferh; fu:i.k½ %

izR;sd lfEeJ la[;k z = x + i y dks ,d fcUnq }kjk dkrhZ; lery ij Øfer ;qXe (x, y) ls iznf”kZr fd;k tkrk
gS ,oa bl dkrhZ; lery dks lfEeJ lery ;k vkxZ.M lery dgk tkrk gSA

yEckbZ OP dks lfEeJ la;k dk ekikad dgrs gS ftls | z | ls fu:fir fd;ktkrk gS vkSj θ dks [Link] dgk
tkrk gSA
y
| z |= x 2 + y 2 vkSj θ = tan−1 ¼/kukRed x- v{k ds lkFk cuk;k x;k dks.k OP)
x

uksV %
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(i) lfEeJ la[;k dk [Link] ,d cgqekuh; Qyu gSA ;fn θ ,d lfEeJ la[;k dk [Link] gks rks 2 nπ + θ; n ∈ Ι
Hkh ml lfEeJ la[;k dk [Link] ksxkA ,d lfEeJ la[;k ds fdUgha nks [Link] ds chp dk vUrj 2nπ gksr k gSA
(ii) θ dk vf}rh; eku tks −π < θ ≤ π dks lar’q V djrk gks] [Link] dk eq[; eku dgykrk gSA nwljs “kCnksa esa
[Link] (z), [Link] dk eq[; eku dgykrk gSA
(iii) ,d lfEeJ la[;k dks mlds [Link] ,oa ekikad ls ifjHkkf’kr fd;k tkrk gSA lfEeJ la[;k 0 + i0 ds fy,
[Link] ifjHkkf’kr ugha gS ,oa ;g dsoy ,d lfEeJ la[;k gS ftls blds ekikad ls ifjHkkf’kr fd;k tkrk gSA

(b) f=[Link]; @ /kzqoh; fu:i.k %

z = r (cos θ + i sin θ ) tgk¡ |z| = r; [Link] z = θ ; z = r (cos θ - i sin θ )

[Link] % cos θ + i sin θ is also written as CiS θ

(c) vkW;yj dk fu:i.k %

z = reiθ; | z |= r; [Link] z = θ; z = re −iθ
bl lw= dh miifRr orZeku ifjppkZ ls ijs gSA foLrkj dk iz;ksx djds bl lw= dh miifRr fuEuor~ nh tk
ldrh gSA
x x 2 x3
ex = 1 + + + + ......
1! 2! 3!
 θ2 θ4   θ3 θ5 
= i θ j[kus ij eiθ = 1 − + − ......  + i θ − + − ........ = cos θ + i sin θ.
 2! 4!   3! 5! 
   

eiθ + θ−iθ eiθ − e−iθ

uksV % ;fn θ okLrfod gS] rks cos θ = , sin θ =
2 2i

(d) lfn”kh; fu:i.k %

izR;sd lfEe.k la[;k dks fdlh fcUnq ds fLFkfr lfn”k ds :i esa fu:fir fd;k tkrk gSA ;fn dksbZ fcUnq p lfEeJ



la;k z dks iznf”kZr djs rks OP = z vkSj | OP | = | z | .

lfEeJ la[;k dk [Link] (Argument of a Complex Number(

v”kwU; lfEeJ la[;k P(z) dk [Link] dks arg(z) ls fu:fir fd;k tkrk gSA
arg z = OP }kjk okLrfod v{k /kukRed fn”kk ls cuk;k x;k dks.k
;fn OP = |z| = r vkSj arg(z) = θ gks] rks LoHkkfod :i ls z = r(cos θ + isin θ ), dks z dk /kzoq h; :i dgk tkrk gSA
bldk vFkZ gS fd z dk [Link]] z ds [Link] dk eq[; eku gksrk gS vFkkZr~ [Link] ( −π, π] ds chp jgrk gS tc rd
nwljk izfrca/k ugha gksA bl izdkj lfEeJ la[;k z = a + ib = r(cos θ + i sin θ ) dk [Link] θ dk og eku gS tks r
cos θ = a vkSj r sin θ = b dks lar’q V djrk gSA
b
ekuk θ = tan−1
a

(i) a > 0, b > 0 [; eku [Link] z = θ

π
(ii) a = 0, b > 0 eq[; eku [Link] z =
2
3
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(iii) a < 0, b > 0 eq[; eku [Link] z = π − θ

(iv) a < 0, b = 0 eq[; Kkr [Link] z = π

(v) a < 0, b < 0 eq[; eku [Link] z = - ( π − θ)

π
(vi) a = 0, b < 0 eq[; eku [Link] z = −
2

(vii) a > 0, b < 0 eq[; eku [Link] z = - θ

(viii) a > 0, b = 0 eq[; eku [Link] z = 0

ewyHkwr lafØ;kvksa dk T;kferh; fu:i.k

(Geometrical Representation of Fundamental Operations(
(i) ;ksx dk T;kfefr; fu:i.k (Geometrical representation of addition)

;fn nks fcUnq P o Q Øe”k% lfEeJ la[;kvksa z1 o z2 dks dks vkxZ.M lery ij fu:fir djrs gS] rks z1 + z2,
OP o OQ Hkqt k okys lekUrj prqHkqt
Z ds [Link] OR ds vUR; fcUnq R }kjk fu:fir gksrk gSA
(ii) vUrj dk T;kferh; fu:i.k (Geometric reprentation of substraction)
4
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(iii) nks lfEeJ la[;kvksa ds [Link] ds ekikad ,oa [Link]

(Modulus and argument of multiplication of two complex numbers)

s % fdUgh nks lfEeJ la[;kvksa z1 o z2 ds fy, |z1z2| = |z1| |z2| vkSj [Link] (z1z2) = [Link] (z1) + [Link] (z2).
ize;
Proof : z 1 = r1 eiθ , z2 = eiθ2
z 1z 2 = r2r2 ei( θ1 + θ2 )
⇒ |z 1z 2| = |z 1| |z 2|
[Link] (z1z2) = [Link] (z1) + [Link] (z2)
vFkkZr nks lfEeJ la[;kvksa dks [Link] djus ds fy, ge muds fuijs{k ekuksa dks [Link] djrs gS rFkk muds [Link]
dks tksM+rs gSA
uksV % (i) P.V. [Link] (z 1z 2) ≠ P.V. [Link] (z 1) + P.V. [Link] (z 2) (P.V. Principal value eq[;kekud )
(ii) |z 1z 2 ..... z n| = |z 1| |z 2| ...... |z n|
(iii) [Link] (z1z2 .... zn) = [Link] z1 + [Link] z2 + ...... + [Link] zn

(iv) lfEeJ la[;kvksa ds [Link] dk T;kfefr; fu:i.k

(Geometrical representation of multiplication of compelx numbers)
ekuk P,Q Øe”k% z1 = r1 eiθ1 , z2 = e2 eiθ2 }kjk iznf”kZr gSA fcUnq R izkir djus ds fy, tks fd lfEeJ la[;k
z 1z 2 dks fu:fir djrk gSA ge okLrfod v{k ij ,d fcUnq L bl izdkj ysrs gS fd OL = 1 vkSj ,d f=Hkqt
OQR [khaprs gS tks fd f=Hkqt OLP ds le:i gSA bl izdkj

OR OP
= ⇒ OR = OPOQ vFkkZr~ OR = r1r2 vkSj QOR = θ1
OQ OL
LÔR = LÔR + PÔQ + QÔR = θ1 + θ2 − θ1 + θ1 = θ1 + θ2
vr% R, z1z2 }kjk iznf”kZr gS = r1r2 ei( θ1 + θ2 )

(v) nks lfEeJ la[;kvksa ds HkkxQy dk ekikad ,oa [Link]

(Modulus and argument of division of two complex numbers)
z1 z
ize;
s % ;fn z1 vkSj z2 ( ≠ 0) nks lfEeJ la[;k,a gS rks = 1 vkSj
z2 z2
z 
arg 1  = arg( z1 ) − arg( z 2 )
 z2 

5
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z 
uksV % P.V. arg  1  ≠ P.V. arg ( z1 ) − P.V. arg ( z 2 ) P.V. arg (z1) - P.V. arg (z2)
 z2 

(vi) lfEeJ la[;kvksa ds HkkxQy dk T;kferh; fu:i.k

(Geometrical representation of the division of complex numbers)
z1
ekuk P, Q Øe”k% z1 = r2 eiθ1 , z2 = z2 = r2 eiθ2 }kjk iznf”kZr gSA lfEeJ la[;k
z2
dks iznf”kZr djus okys fcUnq R dks izkIr djus ds fy,] ge okLrfod v{k ij fcUnq L bl
izdkj ysrs gS fd OL = 1 vkSj f=Hkqt OPR [khaprs gS tksfd f=Hkqt OQL ds le:i gSA
OP OR r1
bl izdkj = ⇒ ;k vkSj LÔR = LÔP − RÔP = θ1 − θ2 vr%
OQ OL r2
z1 r1 i( θ1 − θ 2 )
R, }kjk iznf”kZr gS = e
z2 r2
lfEeJ la[;k dk la;Xq eh (Conjugate of a complex Number)
lfEeJ la[;k z = a + b dk la;Xq eh z = a − ib }kjk ifjHkkf’kr fd;k tkrk gSA
;fn fdlh lfEeJ la[;k esa i dks - i ls izfrLFkkfir dj fn;k tk, vkxZ.M lery esa okLrfod v{k ds lkis{k z dk niZ.k
izfrfcEc gksrk gS] vFkkZr z lfEeJ la[;k z dk okLrfod v{k ds lkis{k izfrfcEc gksrk gSA

lfEeJ la[;k ds la;Xq eh dk T;kferh; fu:i.k

(Geometrical representation of conjugate of compex number)
|z| =| z |
arg ( z ) = - arg (z)
arg ( z ) dk O;kid eku = 2n π - P.V. arg (z)
xq.k/keZ

z−z z−z
(i) ;fn z = x + iy rks x = ,y =
2 2i
(ii) z= z ⇒ z [Link];% okLrfod gS
(iii) z+ z = 0 ⇒ z [Link];% dkYifud gS
(iv) ekikad ,oa la;Xq eh ds e/; lEcU/k |z|2 = z z
(v) z= z
(vi) ( z1 ± z 2 ) = z1 ± z 2
(vii) ( z1z 2 ) = z1z2
 z1  ( z )
(viii)   = ( z 2 ≠ 0)
 z 2  ( z2 )
ize;
s % okLrfod [Link] okyh cgqinh; lehdj.k ds dkYiuh; ewy la;Xq eh ;qXe ds :i ds gksrs gSA

Proof : ;fn z0 lehdj.k a0zn + a1zn−1 + ..... + an−1z + an = 0 dk ,d ewy gSA

a0,a1,.........an ∈R rks a0 z0n + a1z0n −1 + ....... + an −1z 0 + an = 0

xq.k/keZ (vi) o (vii) dk iz;ksx djus ij a0 z0n + a1z0n−1 + ........ + an −1z0 + an = 0

⇒ z0 Hkh ,d ewy gSA

uksV % ;fn w = f(z), rks w = f ( z )

ize;
s % | z1 ± z 2 |2 =| z1 |2 + | z 2 |2 ±( z1z 2 + z1z 2 )
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=| z1 |2 + | z 2 |2 ±2 Re( z1z 2 ) = | z1 |2 + | z 2 |2 ±2 | z1 || z 2 | cos(θ1 − θ2 )

nwjh] f=Hkqth; vlfedk (Distance, Triangular Inequality)

;fn z1 = z\x1 + iy1, z2 = x2 + iy2 rks vkxZ.M lery esa z1, z2 ds e/; nwjh
|z 1 - z 2| = ( x1 − x 2 )2 + ( y1 − y 2 )2
f=Hkqt OAC esa
OC ≤ OA + AC
OA ≤ AC + OC
AC ≤ OA + OC
bl vlfedkvksa dk iz;ksx djus ij ||z1| - |z2|| ≤ |z1 + z2| ≤ |z1| + |z2|
blh izdkj f=Hkqt OAB ls
ge tkurs gS fd ||z1| - |z2|| ≤ |z1 - z2| ≤ |z1| + |z2|
uksV %
(a) ||z 1| - |z 2|| = |z 1 + z2|, |z 1 - z 2| = |z 1| + |z2| ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn ewy fcUnq z 1 vkSj z 2 laj[
s k gS vkSj ewyfcUnw z1
vkSj z2 laj[s k gS vkSj ewyfcUnq z1 vkSj z2 ds e/; gSA
(b) |z 1 + z2| = |z 1| + |z 2|, ||z 1| - |z2|| = |z 1 - z 2| ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn ewy fcUnq z1 vkSj z 2 laj[
s k gS vkSj z1 vkSj z2
ewy fcUnq ls ,d gh fn”kk eas fLFkr gSA

?[Link] (Rotation)
[Link] fu’d’kZ %
(i) arg z = θ okLrfod v{k dh /kukRed fn”kk ds lkFk θ dk.k cukus okyh rFkk ewy fcUnq ls fudyus okyh fdj.k
ij fLFkr fcUnqvksa v”kwU; dks iznf”kZr djrk gSA

(ii) arg (z - z 1) = θ okLrfod v{k dh /kukRed fn”kk ds lkFk θ dks.k cukus okyh rFkk z 1 ls fudyus okyh fdj.k
ij fLFkr fcUnqvksa (≠ z1 ) dks iznf”kZr djrk gSA

?[Link] ize;
s (Rotation theorem)
(i) ;fn P(z1) vkSj Q(z2) nks lfEeJ la[;k,a bl izdkj gS |z1| = |z2| rks z2 = z1 eiθ tgka θ = ∠POQ
z −z  z −z
(ii) ;fn P(z1), Q(z2) vkSj R(z3) rhu lfEeJ la[;k,a vkSj ∠PQR = θ rks  3 2  = 3 2 eiθ
 z1 − z 2  z1 − z 2

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z3 − z 4 z − z 4 iθ
(iii) ;fn P(z1), Q(z2), R(z3) vkSj S(z4) pkj lfEeJ la[;k,a gS vkSj ∠STQ = θ rks = 3 e
z1 − z 2 z1 − z 2
n~%ek;oj ize;
s (Demolvres Theorem)
fLFkfr Ι
dFku %

;fn n dksbZ [Link]

a la[;k gks] rks
n
(i) (cos θ + i sin θ ) = cos n θ + i sin n θ
(ii) (cos θ1 + i i sin θ1 ) (cos θ2 + i sin θ2 ) (cos θ3 i sin θ2 ) (cos θ3 + sin θ3 ) ....... (cos θn + i sin θn )
= cos ( θ1 + θ2 + θ3 + ......θn ) + i sin ( θ1 + θ2 + θ3 + ....... + θn )

fLFkfr ΙΙ

dFku % ;fn p, q ∈ Z ,oa q ≠ 0 gks] rks

p/q  2kπ + pθ   2kπ + pθ 
(cos θ + i sin θ ) = cos   + i sin  
 q   q 
tgk¡ k = 0, 1, 2, 3, ....., q - 1

uksV % fdlh lfEeJ jkf”k ds ewyksa dk Øfer [Link] dks lehdj.k fl)kar dk iz;ksx djds Kkr djuk pkfg,A

bdkbZ ds ?kuewy (Cube Root of Unity)

−1+ i 3 −1− i 3
(i) bdkbZ ds ?kuewy 1, , .
2 2

(ii) ;fn bdkbZ ds dkYifud ?kuewyksa esa ls ,d ω gks rks 1 + ω + ω2 = 0 gksrk gSA lkekU; :i esa 1 + ωr + ω2r = 0,
tgk¡ r ∈ Ι ysfdu r, 3 dk [Link] u tksA

2π 2π 4π 4π
(iii) bdkbZ ds ?kuewyksa dk /kzqoh; :i % cos 0 + i sin 0; cos + i sin , cos + i sin
3 3 3 3

(iv) tc bdkbZ ds rhuks ?kuewyksa dks fdlh vkxZM lery esa fu:fir fd;k tkrk gks] rks os ,d leckgq f=Hkqt ds “kh’kZ
dks fu:fir djrs gSA

(v) fuEufyf[kr [Link][[Link] dks ;kn j[kuk pkfg, &

(b b, c ∈ R vkSj ω bdkbZ dk ?kuewy gSA½ ; x2 + x + 1 = (x - ω ) ; (x - ω2 )
3 3
a + b = (a + b) (a + ωb ) (a + ωb ) ; x2 + ab + b2 = (a - bw) (a - bw2)
a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = (a + b + c) (a + ωb + ω2c ) (a + ω2b + ωc )

bdkbZ dk nok¡ ewy (nth Roots of Unity)

;fn bdkbZ ds n os]a n ewy 1, α1, α 2, α3,.....αn−1 gSA
(i) ;s xq-Js- esa gS ftldk lkoZ vuqikr ei( 2π / n)

(ii) 1p + α1P + 6αP2 + ..... + αPn−1 = 0 ;fn p, n dk [Link]

a [Link] ugha gks
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= n, ;fn p, n dk [Link]
a [Link] gksA

(iii) (1 − α1 )(1 − α 2 )..........(1 − αn−1 ) = n vkSj

(1 + α1 )(1 + α 2 )......(1 + αn −1 ) + 0 ;fn n le gks] 1 ;fn n fo’ke ksA

(iv) 1.θ1.α 2.α 3......αn −1 = 1 = 1 ;k -1, n fo’ke vkSj le gksus ds vuqlkj A

fuEufyf[kr Jsf.k;ksa ds ;ksx Qy dks ;kn j[kuk pkfg,A

(The Sum Of the Following Series Should Be Remembered)

sin(nθ / 2 )  n + 1
(i) cos θ + cos 2 θ + cos 3 θ + ....+ cos n θ = cos θ.
sin(θ / 2 )  2 

sin(nθ / 2 )  n + 1 
(ii) sin θ + sin 2 θ + sin 3 θ + ..... + sin n θ = sin θ.
sin(θ / 2 )  2 

uksV % ;fn θ = ( 2π / n) gks] rks bu mijksDr Jsf.k;ksa ds ;ksxQy “kwU; gksrs gSA

lfEeJ la[;k dk y?[Link] (Logarithm Of A Complex Quantity)

1  β
(i) Loge (θ + i β) = Loge (α 2 + β2 ) + i 2nπ + tan−1  tgk¡ n ∈ Ι.
2  α

 π
−  2nπ + 
(ii) e  2
, n∈Ι }kjk fu:fir dh tkus okyh /kukRed okLrfod la[;kvksa ds lqPp; dks ii ls iznf”kZr fd;k tkrk
gSA

T;kferh; xq.k/keZ (Geometrical Properties)

nwjh lw= %
;fn nks fcUnqvksa P vkSj Q dks Øe”k% z1 vkSj z2 ls iznf”kZr fd;k tkrk gks] rks nksuksa ds e/; nwjh = |z1 - z2|.

foHkktu lw= %
;fn nks fcUnqvksa p vkSj Q dks Øe”k% z1 vkSj z2 ls iznf”kZr djrs gS rFkk fcUnq C js[kk[k.M PQ dks m : n esa vUr% foHkktu
mz 2 + nz1
djrk gS] rks C dks z = ls iznf”kZr djrs gSA
m+n
mz 2 − nz1
;fn PQ dks fcUnq C, m : n esa ckg~; foHkktu djrk gks] rks z =
m−n

uksV % ;fn rhu okLrfod la[;k,¡ a, b, c bl izdkj gS fd az1 + bz2 + cz3 = 0 tgk¡ a + b + c = 0 ,oa a, b, c ,d lkFk “kwU;
ugha gks] rks lfEeJ la[;k,¡ z1, z2 vkSj z3 laj[s kh; gSA

(1) ;fn f=Hkqt ds “kh’kksZa A,B vkSj C dks Øe”k% lfEeJ la[;kvksa z1, z2 vkSj z3 ls iznf”kZr fd;k tkrk gks rFkk Hkqtkvksa
dh yEckbZ;ksa dks a,b,c ls fu:fir fd;k tkrk gks] rks

z1 + z 2 + z3
(i) f=Hkqt ABC dk dsUnz = :
3

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(ii) ∆ ABC dk yEcdsUnz =
(a sec A )z1 + (b sec )z2 + (c sec )z3 ;k z1 tan A + z 2 tan B + z3 tan C
a sec A + b sec + c sec C tan A + tan B + tan C

(iii) ∆ ABC dk var% dsUnz = (az1 + bz2 + cz3) ÷ (a + b + c)

(iv) ∆ ABC dk ifjdsUnz = (Z1 sin 2A + Z2 sin 2B + Z3 sin 2C) ÷ (sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C).

(2) [Link] (z) = θ ewy fcUnq ls fudyus okyh fdj.k tks ,d x - v{k ls dks.k θ cukrh gSA

(3) a dks b ls feykus okyh js[kk dk yEc lef}Hkktd | z - a | - | z - b | gSA

(4) z1 vkSj z2 dks feykus okyh js[kk dk lehdj.k z = z1 + t (z1 - z2) }kjk fn;k tkrk gSA tgk¡ t ,d okLrfod
izkpy gSA
(5) z = z1 (1 + it), tgk¡ t ,d okLrfod izkpy gS] ,d ,slh js[ kk gS tks z1 vkSj ewyfcUnq dks feykus okyh js[kk ds
yEcor~ gks rFkk z1 ls xqtjrh gksA

z z 1
(6) fcUnq z1 vkSj z2 ls xqtjus okyh js[kk ds lehdj.k dks [Link] :i esa z1 z1 1 = 0 iznf”kZr fd;k tk ldrk
z 2 z2 1

gSA ;g rhu lfEeJ la[;kvksa z, z1 ,oa z2 ds laj[s kh; gksus dk izfrca/k gSA mijksDr lehdj.k dks ljy djus ij
α z + α z + r = 0 tgk¡ r okLrfod ,oa α v”kwU; lfEeJ :i ls izkIr gksr h gSA

uksV % ;fn z dks zeiθ vkSj z dks ze−iθ ls izfrLFkkfir dj fn;k tk rks gesa ljy js[kk dk lehdj.k izkIr gksrk gS tks ewy
fcUnq ls ljy js[kk ij Mkys x, yEc ds ikn ls xtjrh gks vkSj nh xbZ ja[kk ls dks.k θ cukrh gksA

(7) dsUnz z0 vkSj f=T;k ρ okys o`r dk lehdj.k |z - z0| = ρ ;k z z − z0 z − z0z + z0z0 − ρ2 = 0 gS tks fd
z z + α z + αz + k = 0, k okLrfod la[;k gS] dsUnz −α vkSj f=T;k = α α − k gS o`r okLrfod gksxk ;fn
α α − k ≥ 0... gksA

z − z2  π 
(8) z1 vkSj z2 dks feykus okys js[kk[k.M dks O;kl ysdj cuk;s x, o`r dk lehdj.k [Link]  =±
 ;k
 z − z1  2
( z − z1 )( z − z2 ) + ( z − z 2 )( z − z1 ) = 0 gSA

z3 − z1 z 4 − z 2
(9) fn;s x, pkj fcUnqvksa z1, z2, z3 vkSj z4 ds lao`rh; gksus ds fy, izfrcU/k gS fd la[;k .
z3 − z 2 z 4 − z1

okLrfod gksuh pkfg,A vr% rhu vlaj[s kh; fcUnqvksa z1,z2 ,oa z3 ls xqtjus okys o`r ds lehdj.k ds fy,

(z − z2 )(z3 − z1 ) okLrfod gSA

(z − z1 )(z3 − z2 )

⇒
(z − z2 )(z3 − z1 ) = (z − z2 )(z3 − z1 )
(z − z1 )(z3 − z2 ) (z − z1 )(z3 − z2 )

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(10) [Link]
(z − z1 ) = θ
(z − z 2 )
(i) dks.k js[kk dks iznf”kZr djrk gS ;fn θ = π
(ii) nks [Link] ds ;qXe dks iznf”kZr djrk gS ;fn θ = 0
(iii) ,d o`r ds ,d Hkkx dks iznf”kZr djrk gS ;fn 0 < θ < π.

1 z1 z1 1
(11) fcUnqvksa z1, z2 vkSj z3 ls fufeZr fdlh f=Hkqt dk {ks=Qy z 2 z2 1 gSA
4i z z 1
3 3

α z 0 + αz0 + r
(12) fcUnq z0 ls js[kk α z + αz + r = 0 dh yEcor nwjh gSA
2|α|

α
(13) (i) js[kk α z + αz + r = 0 dk lfEeJ <ky ω = − gSA
α
z1 − z 2
(ii) fcUnqvksa z1 vkSj z2 dks feykus okyh js[kk dk lfEeJ <ky ω =
z1 − z 2

(iii) okLrfod v{k ls θ dks.k cukus okyh js[kk dk lfEeJ <ky = e2iθ gSA

(14) fcUnq [Link] ,oa lfn”k [Link]

ekuk z1 = x1 + iy1 vkSj z2 = x2 + iy2 dks lfEeJ la[;k,a gS ¼lfn”k½ z1 o z2 dk fcUnq [Link] ¼vfn”k [Link]½
fuEuor~ ifjHkkf’kr gSA

1
z1 • z 2 =| z1 || z 2 | cos θ = x1x 2 + y1y 2 = Re { z1z 2 } = { z1z 2 + z1z 2 }
2
tgka θ z1 rFkk z2 ds e/; dks.k gS tks 0 o θ ds e/; fLFkr gSA
z1 z 2
;fn lfn”k z1, z2 yEcor~ gS rks z1 • z2 =⇒ + = 0.
z1 z 2
vFkkZr~ lfEeJ <kyksa dk ;ksx = 0
z 1 o z 2 dk lfn”k [Link] fuEuor~ ifjHkkf’kr gSA

1
z 1 + z 2 = |z 1| |z 2| sin θ = x1y2 - y1 x2 = Ιm{ z1z 2 } =
{ z1z 2 − z1z2 }
2i
z z
;fn lfn”k z1, z2 lekUrj gS rks z1 + z2 = 0 ⇒ 1 = 2
z1 z 2
vFkkZr lfEeJ <kysa leku gSA

uksV % ω1 vkSj ω2 nks js[kkvksa ds lfEeJ <ky gS&

(i) ;fn js[kk,a lekUrj gS rks ω1 = ω2
(ii) ;fn js[kk,a yEcor~ gSa rks ω1 + ω2 = 0

(15) ;fn |z - z1| + |z - z2| = K > |z1 - z2| gks] rks z dk fcUnqiFk ,d jslk nh?kZor` gS ftldh ukfHk;k¡ z1 vkSj z2 gSA

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α z + αz + r
(16) ;fn |z - z0| = gks] rks z dk fcUnqiFk ,d ,slk ijoy; gS ftldh ukfHk z0 gS vkSj fu;rk
2|α|
α z0 + α z0 + r = 0 ¼fn;k gS α z 0 + αz0 + r ≠ 0 ½

z−z
(17) ;fn = k ≠ 1,0 gks] rks z dk fcUnqiFk ,d o`r gSA
z − z2

(18) ;fn || z - z1 | - | z - z2 || = K < |z1 - z2| gks] rks z dk fcUnqiFk ,d ,slk vfrijoy; gS ftldh ukfHk;k¡ Øe”k%
z 1 vkSj z 2 gSA

fuEufyf[kr dk feyku dhft;s %

LrEHk -I LrEHk - I

(i) ;fn | z - 3+2i | - | z + i | = 0 gks rks (i) o`Rr|

rc z dk fcUnqiFk iznf”kZr djrk gS&

;fn [Link] 
z − 1 π
(ii) = gks\ (ii) ljy js[kk|
 z + 1 4
rks z dk fcUnqiFk iznf”kZr djrk gS &

(iii) ;fn | z - 8 - 2i | + z - 5 - 6i | = 5 (iii) nh?kZoR` r|

rks z dk fcUnqiFk iznf”kZr djrk gS&

;fn [Link] 
z − 3 + 4i  5π
(iv) = , (iv) vfrijoy;|
 z + 2 − 5i  6
rks z dk fcUnqiFk iznf”kZr djrk gS&

(v) ;fn | z - 1 | + | z + i | = 10 gks] rks (v) nh?kZ v{k|

z dk fcUnqiFk iznf”kZr djrk gS &|

(vi) ;fn | z - 3 + i | - | + 2 - i | = 1 (v) y?kq v{k

z dk fcUnqiFk iznf”kzr djrk gS&

(vii) | z - 3i | = 25 (vi) js[kk dk yEc lef}Hkktd|

[Link] 
z − 3 + 5i 
(viii) =π (vii) js[kk[k.M|
 z+i 

Ans. Ι (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii)

ΙΙ (vii) (v) (viii) (vi) (iii) (iv) (i) (viii)

(a) ljy js[kk ds fy, izfrfcEc fcUnq %

nks fcUnq P ,oa Q ,d nh xbZ ljy js[kk ds izfrfcEc fcUnq gksrs gS ;fn nh xbZ js[kk PQ dh yEc lef}Hkktd gksA
;fn nksuksa fcUnq lfEeJ la[;k z1 vkSj z2 }kjk iznf”kZr gSA rc z1 rFkk z2 }kjk iznf”kZr gSA rc z1 rFkk z2 js[kk
α z + αz + r = 0 ds izfrfcEc fcUnq gksrs gSA ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn α z1 + αz 2 + r = 0 tgk¡ r okLrofd gS rFkk ga
v”kwU; lfEeJ vpj gSA
(b) o`Rr ds lkis{k izfryksx fcUnq %
nks fcUnq P ,oa Q fdlh o`Rr ftldk dsUnz O ,oa f=T;k ρ gS] ds lkis{k izfrykse dgykrs gS] ;fn
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(i) fcUnq O, P ,oa Q laj[s kh; gS vkSj P,Q dsUnz O ds ,d gh vksj fLFkr gSA
(ii) OP, OQ = ρ2 .

uksV% nks fcUnq z1 vkSj z2 o`r zz + a z + αz + r = 0 ds lkis{k izfrykse fcUnq gksxas ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn
z1z2 + α z1 + αz2 + r = 0.

ikyeh ize;
s (Ptolomy’s Theorem)
;g ize; s crkrk gS fd fdlh o`r ds vanj [khaps x;s vory prqHZ kwt ds [Link] dh yEckbZ;ksa dk [Link]] mldh lEeq[k
Hkqtkvksa dh yEckbZ;ksa ds [Link] ds ;ksxQy ds cjkcj gksrk gS vFkkZr
| z1 - z3 | | z2 - z4 | = |z1 - z2 | z3 - z4 | + | z1 - z4 | | z2 - z3|.
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Exercise - 1
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
1- A ¼cgqfodYih; iz”u½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
dsoy ,d fodYi lgh
5π
1- ;fn lfEeJ la[;k z bl izdkj gS fd |z| = 4 rFkk zrg(z) = gks] rks z =
6
(A) -2 3 + 2i (B) 2 3 + i (C) 2 3 = 2i (D) - 3 +i
6π  6π 
2- lfEeJ la[;k sin + i1 + cos  dk [Link] gS&
5  5 
6π 5π 9π 2π
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 6 10 5
3- lfEeJ lery esa fcUnq z1, z2, z3, z4 ,d Øe esa ysus ij fdlh lekUrj prqHkqt
Z ds “kh’kz fcUnq gksxas ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn &
(A) z1 + z4 = z2 + z3 (B) z1 + z3 = z2 + z4 (C) z1 + z2 = z3 + z4 (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
4- Re(z2) = 4 ds }kjk iznf”kZr oØ gS&
(A) ijoy; (B) nh?kZor
` (C) o`r (D) vk;rhr vfrijoy;

5- vlfedk |z -4| < |z - 2| iznf”kZr djrh gS&

(A) Re(z) > 0 (B) Re(z) < 0 (C) Re(z) > 2 (D) Re(z) > 3

6- lehdj.k fudk; Re(z2) = 0, |z| = 2 ds gyksa dh la[;k gs&

(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 1

z −1
7- ;fn z ( ≠ -1) ,d lfEeJ la[;k nl izdkj gS fd fo”kq) dkYifud gS] rks |z| dk eku gS&
z +1
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 1

z − 5i
8- lehdj.k = 1 dks lar’q V djus okyh lfEeJ la[;k z = x + iy ftl oØ ij fLFkr gS] og gS&
z + 5i
(A) x-v{k (B) ljy js[kk y = 5
(C) ewy fcUnq ls xqt jus okyk o`r (D) y-v{k
9- ;fn |z1| = |z2| = |z3| = 1 gks rFk ,d leckgq f=Hkqt ds “kh’kZ z1, z2, z3 gks] rks &
(A) z1 + z2 + z3 = 0 (B) z1z2z3 = 1
(C) z1z2 + z2z3 + z3z1 = 0 (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
π
10-
10- ;fn z - 2 - 3i dk [Link] gks] rks z dk fcUnqiFk gS&
4
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(A) (B)

(C) 11 - z dk fcUnqiFk tks js[kkafdr Hkkx esa fLFkr gS eq[;r%

11-
(D)11
iznf”kZr gS&
−π π −π
(A) | z |≤ 1, ≤ arg z ≤ }kjk (B) | z |= 1, ≤ arg z ≤ 0 }kjk
2 2 2
π π
(C) | z |≥ 0, 0 ≤ arg z ≤ }kjk (D) | z |≤ 1, ≤ arg z ≤ π }kjk
2 2

12-
12- ;fn ,d o`Rr |z| = 2 ds varxZr cuk, x, leckgq f=Hkqt ds “kh’kZ z1,z2,z3 gks rFkk z1 = 1 + i 3 gks] rks&
(A) z 2 = - 2. z 3 = 1 + i 3 (B) z 2 = 2, z 3 = 1 - i 3
(C) z 2 = - 2, z 3 = 1 -i 3 (D) z 2 = 1 - i 3 , z 3 = - 1 -i 3

13-
13 ;fn (cos θ + i sin θ ) (cos 2 θ + i sin 2 θ ) .... (cos n θ + i sin n θ ) = 2 gks] rks θ dk eku gS&
2mπ 4m π mπ
(A) 4mπ, m ∈ Z (B) , m∈ Z (C) , m∈ Z (D) , m∈ Z
n(n + 1) n(n + 1) n(n + 1)

14-
14- ;fn x = a + b + c, y = a α + b β + c rFkk z = a β + b α + c, tgk¡ α o β bdkbZ ds lfEeJ ?kuewy gks] rks xyz =
(A) 2(a3 b3 + c3) (B) 2(a3 - b3 - c3) (C) a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc (D) a3 - b3 - c3

15-
15- lehdj.k |z - 1|2 + |z + 1|2 = 2 iznf”kZr djrk gS&
(A) bdkbZ f=T;k dk ,d o`r (B) ,d ljy js[kk
(C) Øfer ;qXe (0, 0) (D) bueas ls dksbZ ugha

16-
16- vkxZ.M lery esa |z - 1| + || z + 1| ≤ 4 ls iznf”kZr djrk gS&
(A) nh?kZo`r ds vUnj dk {ks=Qy (B) o`r ds ckgj dk {ks=Qy
(C) nh?kZo`r dh lhek rFkk vUrj dk {ks=Qy (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

17-
17- ekuk bdkbZ ds nks vokLrfod ?kuewy z1 o z2 gS rFkk |z - z1|2 + |z - z2|2 = λ ml o`r dks iznf”kZr djrk gS ftlds O;kl
ds fljs z1 o z2 gks] rks λ dk eku gS&
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 2

18-
18- |z| = Re(z) + 2 }kjk iznf”kZr oØ gS&
(A) ljy js[kk (B) o`r (C) nh?kZor
` (D) ijoy;
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _
,d ld vf/kd fodYi lgh
19-
19- ;fn |z1 + z2|2 = |z1|2 + |z2|2 gks] rks&
z1 z1
(A) fo”kq) okLrfod gSA (B) fo”kq) dkYifud gSA
z2 z2
z1 π
(C) z1z2 + z 2 z1 = 0 (D) [Link] dk eku ds cjkcj gks ldrk gSA
z2 2
20-
20- lehdj.k |z - i| + |z + i| = k, k > 0, iznf”kZr dj ldrh gS&
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(A) ,d nh?kZo`r ;fn k > 2 (B) js[kk [k.M ;fn k = 2
(C) ,d nh?kZo`r ;fn k = 5 (D) js[kk [k.M ;fn k = 1

21-
21- lehdj.k ||z + i| - |z - i|| = k iznf”kZr djrh gS&
(A) ,d vfrijoy; ;fn 0 < k < 2 (B) ,d fdj.k ;qXe ;fn k > 2
(C) ,d ljy js[kk ;fn k = 0 (D) ,d fdj.k ;qXe ;fn k = 2

22-
22- ewyfcUnq O ls xqtjus okyh js[kk POQ gSA P rFkk Q lfEeJ la[;kvksa a + i b, c + i d dks iznf”kZr djrs gS rFkk OP = OQ
gSA rc&
(A) |a + i b| = | c + i d| (B) a + c = b + d
(C) [Link] (a + i b) = [Link] (c + i d) (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
23-
23- ;fn z vlfedk |z - 1 - 2i| ≤ 1 dks lar’q V djrk gks] rks&
-1  3  π
(A) U;wure ¼[Link] (z)) = tan   (B) vf/kdre ¼[Link] (z)) =
4 2
(C) U;wure (|z|) = 5 -1 (D) vf/kdre (|z|) = 5 +1
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
1-B ¼fo’k;kRed iz”u½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
1- x rFkk y ds okLrofd eku Kkr djsa ftlds fy;s fuEufyf[kr lehdj.k lar’q V gksrh gS&
(1 + i)x − 2i ( 2 − 3i)y + i
+ =i
3+i 3+i

2- fuEufyf[kr lfEeJ la[;kvksa ds ekikad. [Link] o [Link] dk eq[; eku Kkr dhft,A
18π 18π
(a) z = 1 + cos + i sin (b) z = -2 (cos 300 + i sin 300)
25 25

3- fuEufyf[kr dk oxZey
w Kkr dhft, A
(i) 7 + 24 I (ii) 4 + 3I

4- fuEufyf[kr dks ljy dhft, vkSj [Link] dks a + bi ds :i esa O;Dr dhft,A
2
 4i3 − i  1
(b)  
-1
(a) -i (9 + 6 i) (2 - o) (c)
 2i + 1  (1 − cos θ) + 2 i sin θ
 

4
5- ;fn |z - 2| = 2 |z - 1|, tgka z ,d lfEeJ la[;k gS] rks fl) dhft;sA | z |2 = Re( z) u sin g
3
(i) z dk /kqozh; :i iz;ksx djds (ii) z = z + iy, iz;ksd djds (iii) ekikad] [Link] ds xq.k/keZ iz;ksx
djds

6- ;fn z = z + iy ,d lfEeJ la[;k bl izdkj gS fd z = (a + ib)2 rks

(i) z Kkr djsa (ii) n”kkZb;s fd x2 + y2 = (a2 + b2)2

7- nks lfEeJ la[;k,¡ z1, z2 rFkk nks okLrfod la[;k,¡ a,b gS rks n”kkZb;s fd
|az 1 - bz 2|2 + |bz 1 + az 3|2 = (z 2 + b2) |(z 2)|2)

8- fuEufyf[kr O;atdksa ds z ∈ C ds vuqlkj fcUnqiFk Kkr dhft,A

(a) 1 < | z - 2i | < 3 (b)Im (z) ≥ 1 (c)Arg (z - a) = π / 3 tgka a = 3 + 4i.

9- ;fn |z - 2 + i | = 2 rks |z| dk vf/kdre o U;wure eku Kkr dhft,A

10-
10- ;fn |z + 3| ≤ 3 esa fuEufyf[kr dk U;wure ,oa egRre eku Kkr dhft,A
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(i) |z| (ii) |z - 1| (iii) |z + 1|

π 3π
11-
11- Re (z) ≤ 2, Im (z) ≤ 2 vkSj ≤ arg ( z ) ≤ ds }kk iznf”kZr Hkkx dks n”kkZb;s&
8 8

12-
12- ;fn |z1| = |z2| = ..... = |zn| = 1 rks n”kkZb;s fd
1 1 1 1
(i) z1 = (ii) | z1 + z 2 + ....... + zn |= + + ..... + .
z1 z1 z 2 zn
1 1 1
vkSJ bl izdkj fl) djsa fd 2n “kh’kksaZ z1, z2,.....zn, , ..... ¼Øe esa gksuk vko”;d ugha½ okys
z1 z 2 zn
13-
13- f=Hkqt ds rhu “kh’kZ lfEeJ la[;kvksa 0, z1, z2 vkSj z2 }kjk iznf”kZr gSA ;fn f=Hkqt leckgq gks rks n”kkZb;s fd z12 + z22 =
z 1z 2. ;fn z 0 ifjdsUnz gS rks fl) dhft;s z 12 + z 22 = 3z 02.

14-
14- ;fn O ewy fcUnq gS vkSj P,Q,R Øe”k% z, iz, z + iz }kjk iznf”kZr gS rks fcUnqvksa dks lfEeJ lery ij n”kkZb;sA ;fn
∆ POR = 200 rks (i) |z| (ii) prqZ”kka”k OPRQ dh Hkqtk,a Kkr dhft,sA

15-
15- ;fn ( 3 + i)100 = 299 (a + ib) rks Kkr dhft, &
(i) a2 + b2 (ii) b

16-
16- ;fn n /kukRed [Link] gS rks fuEufyf[kr dks fl) dhft;s &
n n+1 θ nθ
(i) (1 + cos θ + i sin θ ) + ( 1 +cos θ - i sin θ ) = 2 cosn cos .
2 2
n
n n
+1 2π
(ii) (1 + i) + (1 - i) = 2 2 . cos
4

17-
17- (z - 1)4 - 16 = 0 dks gy dhft;sA ewyksa dk ;ksx Kkr dhft;sA ewyks]a ewyksa ds ;ksx ,oa ewyksa ls cus cgqHkqt ds dsUnzd dks
lfEeJ lery ij n”kkZb;sA

;fn xr = cos  + i sin r  gks] rks fl) dhft, x1 x2 x3 ..... vuar inksa rd = i
π π
18-
18-
 3r  3 

19-
19- fuEufyf[kr ds eku Kkr dhft;s&
3 3/ 4
1 − 3  1 − 3 
(i)  + (ii)  +
2 2  2 2 
 
bl izdkj lrr~ [Link] Kkr dhft;s ;fn nks ;k vf/kd fHkUu fHkUu eku gksAa

 z − 8i  π
20-
20- ekuk Ι: Arg =±
z+6 2
 z − 8i 
ΙΙ : Re =0
z+6
n”kkZb;s fd Ι ;k ΙΙ esa z dk fcUnqiFk x2 + y2 + 6x - 8y = 0 ij fLFkr gS vkSj bl izdkj n”kkZb;s fd z dk fcUnqiFk
z − 8i z − 8i
+ = 0 }kjk Hks iznf”kZr gS rFkk ;fn z dk fcUnqiFk |z + 3 - 4i| = R }kjk ;qDr fd;k tkrk gS rks R dk eku
z+6 z+6
16
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Kkr dhft;sA

21-
21- lehdj.k z z + (4 - 3i)z + (4+ 3i) z + 5 = 0 ,d o`Rr dks iznf”kZr djrk gSA bldh f=T;k ,oa dsUnz Kkr dhft;sA

22-
22- ;fn a = eiα , b = ei / β, c = eiγ vkSj cos θ + cos β + cos γ = 0 = sin α + sin β + sin γ, rks fuEufyf[kr dks fl)
dhft;s&
(i) a+b+c=0 (ii) ab + bc + ca = 0
(iii) a2 + b2 + c 2 = 0 (iv) Σ cos 2 α = 0 = Σ sin 2 α
(v) Σ sin2 α = Σ cos2 α = 3/2

Exercise - 2
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
2-A ¼cgqfodYih; iz”u½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
dsoy ,d fodYi lgh
1- a ∈ R ds mu ekuksa dk leqPp; ftlds fy, lehdj.k x2 + i(a - 1) x + 5 = 0 la;Xq eh dkYifud ewyksa dk ;qXe j[krh gS
(A) R (B) {1}
(C) |a| a2 - 2a + 21 > 0 } (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

1 
sin  i
-1 ( z − 1)
2-  tgk¡ z vokLrfod gS] f=Hkqt dk dks.k gks ldrk gS ;fn &
(A) Re(z) = 1, Im(z) = 2 (B) Re(z) = 1, -1 ≤ Im (z) ≤ 1
(C) Re(z) + Im(z) = 0 (D) bueas ls dksbZ ugha

lfEeJ la[;k z = 1 + cos 

11π   11π 
3-  + i sin  ds [Link] dk eq[; eku ,oa ekikad (|z|) Øe”k% gS&
 9   9 
11π π 7π 7π 2π 7π π π
(A) , 2 cos (B) − , 2 cos (C) , 2 cos (D) − , − 2 cos
18 18 18 18 9 18 9 18

4- ;fn z1 = -3 + 5 i; z2 = - 5 -3 i gks rFkk Z1 o z2 dks feykus okys js[kk[k.M ij fLFkr lfEeJ la[;k z gks] rks arg(z) gks
ldrk gS&
3π π π 5π
(A) − (B) − (C) (D)
4 4 6 6

5- ;fn fdlh xq-Js- dk izFke in rFkk lkoZ vuqikr

1
2
( 3 + i) gks] rks blds n osa in dk fujis{k eku gS&
n n
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

6- ;fn z = x + iy rFkk z1/3 = a - ib gks] rks

x y
(
− = k a2 − b 2 tgk¡ k =
a b
)
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

7- ekuk lfEeJ lery ij A, B, C Øe”k% lfEeJ la[;kvksa z1,z2,z3 dks iznf”kZr djrs gSA ;fn f=Hkqt ABC dk ifjdsUnz
ewyfcUnq ij gks] rks yEc dsUnz dks iznf”kZr djus okyh lfEeJ la[;k gS&
(A) z1 + z2 - z3 (B) z2 + z3 - z1 (C) z3 + z1 - z3 (D) z1 + z2 + z3

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n
1 + i 
8- n dk U;wure /kukREd eku] ftlds fy,   okLrfod gks] gS&
1 − i 
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

9- ;fn (a + ib)5 = α + iβ gks] rks (b + ia)5 cjkcj gS&

(A) β + iα (B) α − iβ (C) β − iα (D) −α − iβ
10-
10- ;fn |z| = vf/kdre {|z - 1|, |z + 1|} gks] rks&
1
(A) |z + z | = (B) z + z = 1 (C) |z + z | = 1 (D) z ∈ φ
2
11-
11- ;fn |Z1 = 1| < 1, |z2 - 2| < 2, |z3 - 3| < 3 gks] rc |z1 + z2 + z3| dk eku gS&
(A) 6 ls de (B) 3 ls de (C) 12 ls de (D) 6 o 12 ds e/;
12-
12- lfn”k z = -4 + 5i dks okekorZ fn”kk esa 1800 dks.k ij ?kqek;k tkrkgS rFkk 1.5 [Link] foLrkfjr dj fn;k tkrk gSA bl
izdkj izkIr lfn”k ds laxr lfEeJ la[;k gS&
15 15 15
(A) 6 − i (B) − 6 + i (C) 6 + i (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
2 2 2

13-
13- lev’VHkqt ds vklUu “kh’kZ z1 ,oa z2 gS rks z2 ds vklUu “kh’kZ z3(z3 ≠ z1) dks iznf”kZr fd;k tk ldrk gS&
1 1
(A) z 2 + (1 ± i)( z1 + z 2 ) (B) z 2 + (1 ± i)( z1 − z 2 )
2 2
1
(C) z 2 + (1 ± i)( z 2 − z1 ) (D) bueas ls dksbZ ugha
2

z1 + z 2 π
14-
14- ;fn z1 vkSj z2 nks lfEeJ la[;k,a gS rFkk [Link] = ijUrq |z1 + z2| ≠ |z1 - z2| gks rks fcUnqvksa 0, z1, z2 vkSj
z1 − z 2 2
z1 + z2 ls fufeZr vkd`fr gS&
(A) ,d lekUrj prqHkqt
Z ijUrq vk;r ;k leprqHkqt
Z ugha
(B) ,d vk;r ijUrq oxZ ugha
(C) ,d leprqHkqt
Z ijUrq oxZ ugha
(D) ,d oxZ
n
1 + i tan α  1 − i tan nα
15-
15- O;atd   − dks ljyhd`r djus ij eku gS&
1 − i tan α  1 − i tan nα
(A) “kwU; (B) 2 sin n α (C) 2 cos n α (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

16-
16- ;fn p = a + b ω + c ω2 ; q = b + c ω + a ω2 ,oa r = c + a ω + b ω2 tgk¡ a, b, c ≠ 0 gks rFkk bdkbZ dk lfEeJ
?kuewy ω gks rks&
(A) p + q + r = a + b + c (B) p2 + q2 + r2 = a2 + b2 + c 2
(C) p2 + q2 + r2 = 2(pq + qr + rp) (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

2 2 2 2 2
;fn x2 + x + 1 = 0 gks rks  x −  +  x 2 + 2  +  x3 + 3  +  x 4 + 4  + ...... +  x 27 + 27  dk la[;kRed
1 1 1 1 1
17-
17-
 x  x   x   x   x 
eku gS&
(A) 54 (B) 36 (C) 27 (D) 18

2
+ α −2 − α −1 |
18-
18- ;fn α vokLrfod rFkk α = 5 1 gks] rks 2|1+ α + α dk eku gksxk &
(A) 4 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

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6
 2πk 2πk 
19 ∑  sin
k =1
1
− i cos
7 
 dk eku gS &

(A) -1 (B) 0 (C) -i (D) i

20-
20- lehdj.k z10 - z5 - 992 = 0 ds ?ku ewyksa dh la[;k ftuds okLrfod Hkkx _.kkRed gks] gS &
(A) 3 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 6

21-
21- lfEeJ lery esa fcUnq z1 = 3 + 3 i ,oa z2 = 2 3 + 6 i fn, x, gSA lfn”kksa z1 ,oa z2 ls fufeZr dks.k ds v/kZd ij
fLFkr lfEeJ la[;k gS&
(3 + 2 3 ) 3+2
(A) z = + i (B) z = 5 + 5 i
2 2
(C) z = −1 − i (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
22-
22- lfEeJ lery esa nks oØksa |z - 3| = 2 vkSj |z| = 2 ds izfrPNsnu fcUnq gS&
(A)
1
2
(
7±i 3 ) (B)
1
2
(
3±i 7 ) (C)
3
2
±i
7
2
(D)
7
2
±i
3
2

23-
23- lfEeJ lery esa [Link] |z - 2| = 3 vkSj |z - 2 - 3i| = 4 ls iznf”kZr nks o`rksa dh ewyk{k dk lehdj.k gS&
(A) 3iz – 3i z - 2 = 0 (B) 3iz - 3i z + 2 = 0 (C) iz - i z + 1 = 0 (D) 2iz - 2i z + 3 = 0

24-
24- ;fn (1 + i) z = (1 - i) z gks] rks z =
t
(A) t(1 - i), t ∈ (B) t (1 + i), t ∈ (C) , t ∈R + (D) bueas ls dksbZ ugha
1+ i
_ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ _
,d ld vf/kd fodYi lgh
25-
25- ;fn z ,d ,slh lfEeJ la[;k gS tks lehdj.k z2 + z |z| + |z2| = 0 dks lar’q V djrh gS rks
( ω vkSj ω2 bdkbZ ds dkYifud ?kuewy gSA)
(A) z = k ω g tgk¡ k ∈R (B) z = k ω2 tgk¡ k v_.kkRed okLrfod gSA
(C) z = k ω tgk¡ k /kukREd okLrfod gSA (D) z = k ω2 tgk¡ k ∈ R.
1 1
26-
26- ;fn 2 cos θ = x + vkSj 2 cos ϕ = y + gks] rks &
x y
1 x y
(A) xn + = 2 cos (nθ) (B) + = cos (θ − ϕ)
xn y x
1
(C) xy + = 2 cos (θ + ϕ) (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
xy
27-
27- i= − 1 ds fy, in + i−n tgk¡ n ∈ Ι dk eku gksxk &

(A)
2n
+
(1 + i)2n (B)
(1 + i)2n + (1 − i)2n (C)
(1 + i)2n +
2n
(D)
2n
+
2n
(1 − i)2n 2n 2n 2n 2n (1 − i)2n (1 + i)2n (1 − i)2n
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
2-B ¼fo’k;kRed iz”u½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
z−2
1- ;fn |z - 1| = 1 tgk¡ ‘z’ lfEeJ ry eas dksbZ fcUnq gks] rks fl) dhft, fd = i tan ¼[Link] z).
z
2- js[kk az + a z + b = 0 }kjk okLrfod ,oa dkYifud v{kksa ds e/; dVs gq, Hkkx ds e/; fcUnq dk fcUnqiFk Kkr dhft;sA
tgka ‘b’ ,d okLrfod izkpy gS vkSj ‘a’ ,do fu;r lfEeJ la[;k ftldk Re(a) ≠ 0, Im(a) ≠ 0.
π
3- ;fn lEcU/k z + z = 2 | z − 1 | ,oa [Link] ( z1 − z 2 ) = nksuksa dks z1 o z2 lar’q V djrs gks] rks (z1 + z2) dk dkYifud
4
Hkkx Kkr dhft,A
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n −1
nα
4- ;fn α bdkbZ dk dkYifud n oka (n ≥ 3) ewy gS rks n”kkZb;s ∑ (n − r )α
r =1
r
=
1− α
n −1
2rπ n π
vkSj bl izdkj fl) dhft;s
r =1
∑
(n − r ) sin
n
= cot .
2 n
5- fl) dhft, fd &
x n + 2
cos x + C 1 cos 2x + C 2 cos 3x + .... + C n cos (n +1) x = 2 . cos 2 . cos 2 
n n n n n
(a)
x
n n n n n . n + 2
(b) sin x + C1 sin 2x + C2 sin 3x + .... + C2 sin (n + 1) x = 2 . cos 2 sin   x.
 2 
 2π   4π   6π   2nπ  1
(c) cos  + cos  + cos  + ....... + cos  = − When n ∈N.
 2n + 1   2n + 1   2n + 1   2n + 1  2
6- ekukfd lehdj.k |z1 - 1| = |z2 - 1| = |z3 - 1| dks lar’q V djus okyh rhu fofHkUu lfEeJ la[;k,¡ z1,z2,z3 gSA
rFkk vkxs.Z M
lery eas z1,z2z3 ds laxr fcUnq Øe”k% A,B ,oa C gSA fl) dhft, fd z1 + z2 + z3 = 3 ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn ∆ ABC
,d leckgq f=Hkqt gksA
7- ekuk fLFkr lfEeJ la[;k,¡ α o β rFkk pkj lfEeJ la[;k z bl izdkj gS fd z − α 2 + z − β 2 = k rks ‘k’ dh lhek
Kkr dhft, rkfd z dk fcUnqiFk ,d o`r gksA o`r dk dsUnz o f=T;k Hkh Kkr dhft,A

8- izkpy ‘a’ ds okLrfod eku Kkr dhft, ftuds fy, de ls de ,d lfEeJ la[;k z = x + iy lfedk |z - ai| = a + 4 ,oa
vlfedk |z - 2| < 1 nksuksa dks lar’q V djrh gksA

9- ;fn z1 o z2 dksbZ nks LosPN lfEeJ la[;k,¡ gks] rks fl) dhft, fd
z1 z
(i) |z1 + z2| =
z1
z 2 + 2 z1
z2
(
(ii) |z 1 + z 2| ≥ z1 + z 2 ) zz1 +
z2
z2
.
1

10-
10- ekuk fcUnq A,B,C Øe”k% lfEeJ la[;kvksa z1z2z3 dks lfEeJ lery ij iznf”kzr djrs gSA ;fn f=Hkqt ABC ds dks.k B o
α
1 2 .
C izR;sd ( π − α ) ds cjkcj gks] rks iznf”kZr dhft, fd (z2 - z3)2 = 4z3 - z1) (z1 - z2) sin 2
2

11-
11- fl) dhft, fd &
z
(i) − 1 ≤ | [Link] z|. (ii) |z - 1| ≤ ||z| - 1| + |z| [Link] z|.
z

Exercise -3
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
3- A ¼LrEHk feyku½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
3
1- ekuk α, β, γ ∈R bl izdkj gS fd cos (α − β) + cos (β − γ ) + cos ( y − α) = −
2
LrEHk -I LrEHk - II

(A) Σ sin (α + β) = Σ cos (α + β) = (p) 0

(B) Σ sin 3 α = (q) 3 sin (α + β + γ )

(C) Σ cos 3 α = (r) 3 cos (α + β + γ )

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Σ cos3 (θ − α )
(D) ;fn α ∈R rks = (s) 3
ΙΙ cos(θ + α )

2- ekuk z1 | z | = 1 ij fLFkr gS vkSj z1 | z | =2 ij fLFkr gS&

LrEHk - I LrEHk -II

(A) | z1 + z 2 | dk egRre eku (p) 3

(B) | z1 - z2 | dk U;wure eku (q) 1

(C) | 2z 1 + 3z2 | dk U;wure eku (r) 4

(D) | z1 = 2z 2| dk egRre eku (s) 5

••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
3-B ¼dFku@dkj.k½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
3- ekuk z1,z2,z3 ,d f=Hkqt ds “kh’kksaZ dks n”kkZrs gS A
1 1 1
dFku&1% + + = 0 tgka f=Hkqt leckgq gSA
z1 − z 2 z 2 − z3 z3 − z1
dFku&2% | z1 |2 −z1z0 − z1z0 =| z 2 |2 −z 2 z0 =| z3 |2 −z3z0 − z3z0' tgks z0 f=Hkqt dk ifjdsUnz gSA
(A) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2] dFku&1 dk lgh Li’Vhdj.k gSA
(B) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2] dFku&1 dk lgh Li’Vhdj.k ugha gSA
(C) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 vlR; gSA
(D) dFku&1 vlR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gSA

4- ekuk 1, α1.α 2, α3,.........αn −1, n bdkbZ esa n osa ewy gsA

π 2π 3π (n − 1)π n
dFku&1% sin . sin . sin ........ sin = n −1 .
n n n n 2
dFku&2% (1 − α1 )(1 − α 2 )(1 − α3 )..........(1 − αn−1 ) = n.
(A) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2] dFku&1 dk lgh Li’Vhdj.k gSA
(B) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2] dFku&1 dk lgh Li’Vhdj.k ugha gSA
(C) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 vlR; gSA
(D) dFku&1 vlR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gSA

5- dFku&1% lehdj.k (1 + z)6 + z6 = 0 ds ewy laj[s k gSA

dFku&2% ;fn z1,z2,z3 lekUrj [Link] esa gS rks z1,z2,z3 }kjk iznf”kZr fcUnq laj[s k gSA
(A) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2] dFku&1 dk lgh Li’Vhdj.k gSA
(B) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2] dFku&1 dk lgh Li’Vhdj.k ugha gSA
(C) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 vlR; gSA
(D) dFku&1 vlR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gSA

6- dFku&1% ;fn a3 + b3 + 6abc = 8c3 rks a, c, b lekUrj [Link] esa gSA

dFku&2% rhu pkj jkf”k;ksa esa rhu ?kkr okys izR;sd le?kkrh O;atd dks rhu le?kkrh js[kh; O;tadksa ds [Link] ds :i esa
O;Dr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(A) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2] dFku&1 dk lgh Li’Vhdj.k gSA
(B) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gS ; dFku&2] dFku&1 dk lgh Li’Vhdj.k ugha gSA
(C) dFku&1 lR; gS] dFku&2 vlR; gSA
(D) dFku&1 vlR; gS] dFku&2 lR; gSA

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••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
3-C ¼vuqPNsn ½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
7- vuqPNsn

ekuk (1 − x )n = C0 + C1x + C2 x 2 + ....... + Cn xn [Link] C0 + C1 + C2 + ....., ds ;ksx ds fy, x = 1 j[krk gSA [Link] C 0
+ C2 + C4 + C6 + ...... ;k C1 + C3 + C5 + .... ds ;ksx ds fy, x = 1 ,oa x = -1 j[kus eas izkIr [Link] dks tksMr + s ;k
?kVkrs gSA [Link] C0 + C3 + C6 + ..... ;k C1 + C4 + C + ...... ;k C1 + C4 + C7 + ....... ;k C2 + C5 + C8 +..... ds ;ksx
ds fy;s ge x = 1, x = ω x = ω2 izfrLFkkfir djrs gS vkSj [Link] dk ;ksx ,oa varj ysrs gSA blh izdkj ;fn vuqyXuksa
dk vUrj ‘p’ gksrk gS rks ge bdkbZ esa p osa ewyksa dks izfrLFkkfir djrs gS vkSj ;ksx ysrs gSA

7-1 C0 + C3 + C6 + C9 + ..... =
1 n nπ  1 n nπ  1 n nπ  1 n nπ 
(A)  2 − 2 cos  (B)  2 + 2 cos  (C)  2 − 2 sin  (D)  2 + 2 sin 
3 3 3 3  3 3 3 3
7-2 C1 + C5 + C9 + ..... =
1  n n/2 nπ  1 n nπ 
(A) 2 − 2 cos 4  (B)  2 + 2n / 2 cos 
4   4 4
1 n nπ  1 n nπ 
(C)  2 − 2n / 2 sin  (D)  2 + 2n / 2 sin 
4 4 4 4

7-3 C2 + C6 + C10 + ...... =

1 n nπ  1 n nπ 
(A)  2 − 2n / 22. cos  (B)  2 + 2n / 2 2. cos 
4 4  4 4
1 n nπ  1 n nπ 
(C) 2 − 2n / 2 2. sin  (D) 2 + 2n / 2 2. sin 
4  4 4  4

8- vuqPNsn

ABCD ,d leprqHkqt Z gS blds [Link] AC o BD fcUnq M ij izfrPNsfnr djrs gS vkSJ BD = 2AC. ekuk fcUnq D vkSj M
lfEeJ la[;k,sa 1 + i vkSj 2 - i dks Øe”k% iznf”kZr djrs gSA

8-1 fcUnq A dk lEHko izn”kZu gS&

i i 3 3
(A) 3 − (B) 3 + (C) 1 + i (D) 3 − i
2 2 2 2

8-2 eiz =
(A) e−r cos θ (cos(r cos θ) + i sin(r sin θ)) (B) e −r cos θ (sin(r cos θ) + i cos(r cos θ))
(C) e−r sin θ (cos(r cos θ) + i sin (r cos θ)) (D) e −r sin θ (sin(r cos θ) + i cos (r sin θ))
8-3 ;fn z js[kk[k.M DM ij dksbZ fcUnq gS rks w = eiz ftu ladUs nzh o`rksa ds e/; dk Hkkx gS os gS&
1
(A) | w | = 1 | w | = 2 (B) | w | = |w|=e
e
1 1
(C) | w | = , | w | = e2 (D) | w | = , | w | = 1
e2 2
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
3-D ¼lR;@vlR; dFku½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

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5 + 12i + 5 − 12i π
9- ;fn z = rks [Link] z dk eq[; eku − gSA
5 + 12i − 5 − 12i 2

10-
10- ;fn (2 + i)(2 + 2i) (2 + 3i) ...... (2 + ni) = x + iy gks] rks 5.8.13...... (4 + n2) dk eku (x2 + y2)2 gSA

11-
11- z dk fcUnqiFk tcfd Arg(z + i) - Arg (z - i) = π / 2 izFke ,oa prqFkZ prqFkkZ”kka esa ,d v)Zor
` x2 + y2 = 1 gSA

z −1 + 4
12-
12- ;fn log1 / 2 > 1 rks z dk fcUnqiFk dsUnz 1 + i0 rFkk f=T;k 10 okys o`r dk ckgkz Hkkx gSA
z −1 − 2

13-
13- ;fn a1, a2, a3.... an, A1, A2, A3..... An k lHkh okLrfod la[;k,sa gS rks lehdj.k

2 2 2
A1 A2 An
+ + ........ + = k dk dksbZ dkYifud ewy ugha gSA
x − a1 x − a 2 x − zn

••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
3-E ¼fjDr LFku dh iwfrZ½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
ω − α1 ω − α 2 ω − α3 ω − α 4
14-
14- ;fn lehdj.k x5 - 1 = 0 ds ewy 1, α1. α 2, α3, α 4 gks] rks . . . dk eku _________
ω2 − α1 ω2 − α 2 ω2 − α3 ω2 − α 4
gSA

1 1 1
15-
15- ;fn ,d n-Hkqtkvksa okys cgqHkqr ds “kh’kZ A1,A2,........An bl izdkj gS fd = + gks] rks n dk eku
A1A 2 A1A 3 A1A 4
______ gSA

16-
16- ;fn |z1 + z2| = |z1 - z2| gks] rks | [Link] z1 - [Link] z2| dk eku _______ gSA

2rπ 2rπ
17-
17- ;fn zr = cos + i sin , r = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, ..... gks] rks z 1.z 2.z 3.z4.z5 dk eku _____ gSA
5 5

z1 − z 2
18-
18- ;fn < 1 rks z 1, z 2 nksuksa gh o`r | z | = R ds vUr% Hkkx ;k ckgkz Hkkx esa fLFkr gSA rks R = ______.
1 − zz 2

Exercise - 4
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
4-A ¼iwoZorhZ JEE ijh{kk iz”ku½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
IIT - JEE - 2008

1- ekuk A, B, C lfEeJ la[;kvksa ds rhu leqPp; gS tks fuEu izdkj ls ifjHkkf’kr gSA
A = {z : Im z ≥ 1}
B = {z : |z - 2 - i| = 3}
C = {z : Re ((1 - i) z) = 2}

1-1 leqPp; A ∩ B ∩ C esa lnL;ksa dh la[;k fuEu gS &

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) ∞

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1-2 ekuk z, A ∩ B ∩ C dk dksbZ ,d fcUnq gSA rc |z + 1 - i|2 + |z - 5 -i|2 fuEu ds chp fLFkr gS
(A) 25 vkSj 29 (B) 30 vkSj 34 (C) 35 vkSj 39 (D) 40 vkSj 44

1-3 ekuk z, A ∩ B ∩ C esa dksbZ ,d fcUnq gS rFkk w, |w - 2 - i| < 3 dks lar’q V djus okyk dksbZ fcUnq gSA rc] |z| - |w| + 3
fuEu ds chp fLFkr gS
(A) -6 vkSj 3 (B) -3 vkSj 6 (C) -6 vkSj 6 (D) -3 vkSj 9

IIT-JEE - 2007

2- ,d O;fDr ewy fcUnq ls mRrj&iwoZ (N 45 0 E ) fn”kk esa 3 bdkbZ nwjs pyrk gS] blds i”pkr~ mRrj&if”pr (N 45 0 W) eas
4 bdkbZ nwjh r; djds fcUnq P ij igqp
a rk gS rks fcUnq P dh vkxs.Z M lery esa fLFkfr gSA
(A) 3 eiπ / 4 + 4i (B) (3 − 4i)eiπ / 4 (C) ( 4 + 3i)eiπ / 4 (D) (3 + 4i)eiπ / 4

z
3- ;fn |z| = 1 rFkk z ≠ ±1 rks ds lHkh eku fLFkr gS&
1 − z2
(A) ,d js[kk tks ewy fcUnq ls ugha xqtjrh (B) |z| = 2
(C) x-v{k (D) y-v{k

IIT-JEE -2006
ω − ωz
4- ekuk ω = α + iβ, β ≠ 0 vkSj z ≠ 1 ;fn fo”kq) okLrfod gks] rks z ds ekuksa dk leqPp; gS&
S
1− z
(A) {z : |z| = 1} (B) {z : z = z} (C) {z : |z| ≠ 1} (D) {z : |z| = 1, z ≠ 1}

IIT-JEE-2005
5- z dk fcUnqiFk tks Nk;kafdr {ks= ¼lhekvksa jfgr½ esa fLFkr gks] dk Js’V fu:i.k gS&

(A) z : |z + 1| > 2 and | arg (z + 1)| < π / 4 (B) z : |z - 1| > 2 and | arg (z - 1) < π / 4
(C) z : |z + 1| < 2 and | arg (z + 1)} < π / 2 (D) z : |z - 1} < 2 and | arg (z - 1) < π / 2

6- a, b, c [Link]
a la[;k,¡ gSa tks fd ,d lkFk cjkcj ugha gS vkSj bdkbZ dk ?kuewy ω gSA (ω ≠ 1) rc | z + bω + cω2 | dk
U;wure eku gksxk &
3 1
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) (D)
2 2

7- ;fn o`r |z -1| = 2 ds ifjxr fufeZr oxZ dk ,d “kh’kZ 2+ 3 i gks] rks oxZ ds vU; “kh’kZ Kkr dhft,A

IIT - JEE - 2004

8- ;fn bdkbZ dk ?kuewy ω( ≠ 1) gks rFkk (1 + ω4 )n gks rks n dk U;wure /kukRed [Link] h; eku gS&
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 6

24
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z−α
9- = k, k ≠ 1, tgka z = x + iy, α = α1 + iα 2, β = β1 + iβ2 , }kjk fn,s tkus okys o`r dk dsUnz kSj f=T;k dk eku Kkr
z−β
dhft,A
IIT-JEE-2003
z −1
10-
10- ;fn |z| = 1 vkSj ω = ¼tgk¡ z ≠ −1 ½ gks] rks ω dk okLrfod Hkkx gS &
z +1
1 z 1 2
(A) 0 (B) − (C) . (D)
| z + 1 |2 z + 1 | z + 1 |2 | z + 1 |2

1 − z1z 2
11-
11- ;fn z1 vkSj z2 nks lfEeJ la[;k,¡ bl izdkj gS fd |z1| < 1 < |z2|, gks rc fl) dhft, fd <
z1 − z 2

∑a z
1 r
12-
12- fl) dhft, fd ,slh dksbZ lfEeJ la[;k ugha gS rkfd | z |< vkSj r = 1 tgk¡ |ar| < 2 gks
3 r =1

IIT – JEE – 2002

13. | z1 |= 12 vkSj | z 2 − 3 − 4i |= 5 dks lar’q V djus okyh lHkh lfEeJ la[;kvksa z1, z 2 ds fy, | z1 − z 2 | dk U;wure eku
gS &
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 7 (D) 17

1 1 1
1 3
14-
14- ekuk ω = − + i rks 1 − 1 − ω2 ω2 =
2 2 1 ω2 ω4

(A) 3 ω (B) 3 ω(ω − 1) (C) 3ω2 (D) 3ω(1 − ω)

15-
15- ,d lfEeJ la[;k α, α ≠ 1 lehdj.k zp+ q − zpzq + 1 = 0 dk ewy gS] tgka p, q fHkUu&fHkUu vHkkT; gSA iznf”kZr dhft,
fd ;k rks 1 + α + α 2 + ..... + αp −1 = 0 ;k 1 + α + α 2 + .....αq−1 = 0 fdUrq nksuksa ,d lkFk ughaA
IIT – JEE – 2001

16-
z1 − z3 1 − i 3
(i) = dks lar’q V djus okyh lfEeJ la[;k z1, z2 vkSj z3 ftl f=Hkqt ds “kh’kZ gS] og gS&
z 2 − z3 2

(A) “kwU; {ks=Qy okyhk f=Hkqt (B) ledks.k lef)ckgq f=Hkqt

(C) leckgq f=Hkqt (D) vf/kd dks.k lef}ckgq

(ii) ;fn bdkbZ ds n osa ewy z1 o z2 tks ewyfcUnq ij ledks.k vUrfjr djrs gks rks n dk eku fdl :i esa gksuk pkfg, \
(A) 4k + 1 (B) 4k + 2 (C) 4k + 3 (D) 4k

IIT-JEE-2000

17-
17-
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1 1 1
(a) ;fn lfEeJ la[;k,¡ z1, z2, z3 bl izdkj gS fd z1 = z2 = z3 = + + = 1 gks] rks z1 + z 2 + z3 dk eku gS&
z1 z 2 z3

(A) 1 (B) 1 ls NksVk (C) 3 ls cM+k (D) 3

(b) ;fn [Link] (z) < 0 gks] rks [Link] (-z) - [Link] (z) =
π π
(A) π (B) −π (C) − (D)
2 2

IIT-JEE-1999

334 365
 1 i 3   1 i 3
18-
18- ;fn i = − 1 gks] rks 4 + 5 − + + 3 − +  dk eku gksxk &
 2 2   2
 2 
(A) 1 − i 3 (B) − 1 + i 3 (C) i 3 (D) − i 3

19-
19- lfEeJ la[;k z vkSj ω ds fy, fl) dhft, fd z 2 ω − ω 2 z = z − ω ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn z = ω ;k z ω = 1.

IIT-JEE-1998

20-
20-
(a) ;fn ω bdkbZ dk ?kuewy gks] rks (1 + ω − ω2 )7 dk eku gS&
(A) 128ω (B) −128ω (C) 128ω2 (D) − 128ω2
13
(b) ∑ (i
n =1
n
)
+ in +1 , tgk¡ i = − 1 gS] dk eku gS&

(A) i (B) i - 1 (C) - i (D) 0

6i − 3i 1
21-
21- ;fn 4 3i − 1 = x + iy, rks&
20 3 i
(A) x = 3, y = 1 (B) x = 1, y = 3 (C) x = 0 , y = 3 (D) x = 0, y = 0

IIT-JEE-1997

22-
22- (a) ekuk z1 vkSj z2 lehdj.k z2 + pz + q = 0 ds ewy gS tgka [Link] p o q lfEeJ gks ldrs gSA ekuk A vkSj B, z1
o z2 dks lfEeJ ry ij iznf”kZr djrs gSA ;fn ∠AOB = α ≠ 0 vkSj OA = OB tgka O ewy fcUnq gSA fl) dhft, p2 =
α
4 q cos2  .
2
n −1
2kπ n
(b) fl) dhft, ∑ (n − k ) cos
k =1
n
= − tgka n ≤ 3 ,d [Link]
2
a gSA
]
23-
23- ekuk b z + bz = c, b ≠ 0 lfEeJ ry eas ,d js[kk gS tgka b, b dk lfEeJ la;Xq eh gSA ;fn ,d fcUnq z1 js[kk esa fcUnq z2
dk izfrfcEc gS rks n”kkZb;s fd c = z1b + z 2 b

IIT-JEE-1996

24-
24- a ksa n1, n2 ds fy;s O;atd dk eku gS (1 + i)n1 + (1 + i3 )n1 + (1 + i5 )n 2 + (1 + i7 )n2 tgka i = − 1 ,d
/kukRed [Link]
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okLrfod la[;k gS ;fn vkSj dsoy ;fn &
(A) n1 = n2 + 1 (B) n1 = n2 - 1 (C) n1 = n2 (D) n1 > 0, n2 > 0

25-
25- O;atd dk eku 1. (2 - ω ) (2 - ω2 ) + 2. (3 - ω ) ( 3- ω2 ) + ..... + (n - 1). (n - ω ) (n - ω2 ),
¼tgka ω bdkbZ dk dkYifud ?kuewy gS½ gS__________.

26-
26- lHkh v”kwU; lfEeJ la[;k,a Kkr dhft, tks z = iz2 dks lar’q V djrh gSA

IIT-JEE - 1995

27-
27-

(i) ;fn ω( ≠ 1) bdkbZ dk ?kuewy gS vkSj (1 + ω)7 = A + Bω rks A o B Øe”k% la[;k,a gS&
(A) 0, 1 (B) 1, 1 (C) 1, 0 (D) -1, 1

(ii) ekuk Z o W nks v”kwU; lfEeJ la[;k,a bl izdkj gS fd |z| = | w| vkSj Arg Z + zrg W = π rks Z gS &
(A) W (B) -W (C) W (D) − W

(iii) ekuk Z o W nks lfEeJ la[;k,a bl izdkj gS fd |z| ≤ 1, |w| ≤ 1 vkSj | z + iw | = |Z - i W | = 2 rks Z gS&
(A) 1 ;k i (B) i ;k -i (C) 1 ;k -1 (D) i ;k -1
1 1 + i + w2 w2
(iv) ;fn ω( ≠ 1) bdkbZ dk ?kuewy gS rks 1 − i − 1 w2 − 1 =
− i − i + w −1 −1
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) i (D) ω

28-
28- ;fn iz3 + z2 - z + i = 0 rks n”kkZb;s fd |z| = 1

29-
29- ekuk z vkSj ω nks lfEeJ la[;k,a bl izdkj gS fd |z| ≤ 1, | ω ≤| 1 rks] n”kkZb;s fd
z − ω |2 ≤ (| z | − | ω |)2 + ( Arg z − Arg ω)2

IIT - JEE - 1994

30-
30- ekuk z1, z2, z3 o`r |z| = 2 ds vUr% leckgq f=Hkqt ds “kh’kZ gSA ;fn z1 = 1 + i 3 rks z2 = ..... vkSj z3 = .......

••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
4-B ¼iwoZorhZ AIEEE/DCE ijh{kk iz”u½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

31-
31- ;fn |z + 4| 3 rks |z + 1| dk egRre eku gS&
(A) 4 (B) 10 (C) 6 (D) 0

10
 2kπ 2kπ 
32-
32- ∑  sin 11
k =1
+ i cos  dk eku gS&
11 
(A) 1 (B) -1 (C) - i (D) i

33-
33- ;fn z2 + z + 1 = 0, tgka z ,d lfEeJ la[;k gS] rks
2 2 2
 1  1   1   1 
 z +  +  z 2 + 2  +  z3 + 3  + ..... +  z6 + 6  dk eku gS&
 z   z   z   z 
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(A) 54 (B) 6 (C) 12 (D) 18

34-
34- ;fn bdkbZ ds ?kuewy 1, ω, ω2 gS rks lehdj.k (x - 1)3 + 8 = 0 ds ewy gS&
(A) -1, 1 + 2 ω 1 + 2 ω2 (B) -1, 1 - 2 ω ] 1-2 ω2
(C) -1, -1, -1 (D) -1, -1 +2 ω -1 - 2 ω2

35-
35- ;fn z1 rFkk z2 nks v”kwU; lfEeJ la[;k,a bl izdkj gS fd |z1 + z2| = |z1| + |z2|, rks arg z1 - arg z2 leku gS&
π π
(A) − (B) 0 (C) − π (D)
2 2

z
36-
36- ;fn W = vkSj |w| = 1, rks z fLFkr gS&
1
z− i
3
(A) ijoy; ij (B) ljy js[kk ij (C) o`r ij (D) nh?kZo`r ij

37-
37- ekuk z,w lfEeJ la[;k, bl izdkj gS fd z + iw = 0 vkSj arg zw = π rks arg z dk eku gS&
π π 3π 5π
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 2 4 4

x y
 + 
38-
38- ;fn z = x - iy vkSj z1 / 3 = p + iq, rks p q dk eku gS&
(p 2 + q2 )
(A) 1 (B) -1 (C) 2 (D) -2

39-
39- ;fn |z2 - 1| = |z2| + 1, rks z fLFkr gS&
(A) okLrfod v{k ij (B) dkYifud v{k ij (C) o`Rr ij (D) nh?kZo`r ij

40-
40- ekuk z1 vkSj z2 lehdj.k z2 + az + b = 0 ds nks ewy gSa tgka z ,d lfEeJ la[;k gS rFkk ekuk ewy fcUnq z1 vkSj z2 ,d
leckgq f=Hkqt cukrs gS] rks &
(A) a2 = b (B) a2 = 2b (C) a2 = 3b (D) a2 = 4b.

41-
41- ;fn z vkSj ω nks v”kwU; lfEeJ la[;k,a bl izdkj gS fd | zω |= 1 vkSj
π
arg (z) - arg ω = , rks zω dk eku gS&
2
(A) 1 (B) -1 (C) i (D) -i

;fn zr cos
π π
42-
42- r
 + i sin r , r = 1, 2..... rks z1z 2 z3...... dk eku gS &
2  2 
(A) -1 (B) i (C) -i (D) 1

 π  3π  5π  7π 
43-
43- 1 + cos 1 + cos 1 + cos 1 + cos  dk eku gS&
 8  8  8  8 
1+ 2 1 π 1
(A) (B) (C) cos (D)
2 2 8 8 2

28
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z − 5i
44-
44- lfEeJ la[;k z = x + iy tks fd lehdj.k = 1 dks lar’q V djrh gS] fLFkr gS&
z + 5i
(A) ewyfcUnq ls xqtjus okys o`Rr ij (B) x-v{k ij
(C) ljy js[kk y = 5 ij (D) bueas ls dksbZ ugha

45-
45- lg lEcU/k (corelation) [Link]] ;fn x = y = 0. Σxiyi = 12, σ x = 2, σ y = 3, n = 10 gS&
(A) 0.1 (B) 0.2 (C) 0.3 (D) 0.4

46-
46- lg lEcU/k [Link] (r) vkSj nks lekJ;.k [Link] byx, bxy lacfa /kr gS&
(A) r = (sgn b yx ) b xyb yx (B) r = b xy + b yx
(C) r = b xy × b yx (D) b xy / b yx

47-
47- ;fn lekJ;.k [Link] 0.8 vkSj 0.2 gS] rks lg lEcU/k [Link] dk eku gS&
(A) 0.164 (B) 0.04 (C) 0.4 (D) 0.16

48-
48- -1 ds ?kuewyksa dk [Link] gS &
(A) -2 (B) 0 (C) -1 (D) 4

49-
49- ;fn lfEeJ la[;k,a iz, z rFkk z + iz ,d f=Hkqt ds rhu “kh’kksaZ dks iznf”kZr djrs gS rks f=Hkqt dk {ks=Qy gS&
1 1
(A) | z − 1| (B) | z |2 (C) | z |2 (D) | z − 1 |2
2 2

50-
50- nh?kZo`r 5x2 - 9y2 = 32 ij fcUnq (2, 3) ls fdruh Li”kZ js[kk,a [khap ldrs gS \
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

51-
51- lekUrj Js<+h esa lfEeJ la[;k,a z1,z2 vkSj z3
(A) nh?kZo`r ij fLFkr gSA (B) ijoy; ij fLFkr gSA (C) js[kk ij fLFkr gSA (D) o`r ij fLFkr gS

n
52-
52- ;fn sin3x sin 3x = ∑C
m =0
m cos mx ‘x’ eas ,d loZlfedk gS tgka C0, C1, ..... Cn fu;rkad gS vkSj Cn ≠ 0, rks n dk

eku gS&
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8

x y
53-
53- ;fn z = x + iy z1/3 = z - in vkSj − = k(a2 - b2) rks k dk eku gS&
a b
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 1

54-
54- ;fn lfEeJ la[;k 4 - 3i dk ekikad rhu xquk dj fn;k tkrk gS rFkk bls ckekorZ fn”kk esa dks.k π ls ?kqe k;k tkrk gS rks
[Link] lfEeJ la[;k gksxh&
29
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(A) -12 + 9i (B) 12 + 9i (C) 7 - 6i (D) 7 + 6i

z1 − z3 1 − i 3
55-
55- lfEeJ la[;k, z1,z2,z3 tks fd = dks lar’q V djrh gS] rks f=Hkqt gS&
z 2 − z3 2
(A) leckgq (B) [Link];
(C) U;[Link]; (D) vf/kd [Link];

56-
56- ;fn |z - 2 - 3i| + |z + 2 - 6i| = 4 tgka i = − 1 rks P(z) dk fcUnqiFk gS&
(A) ,d nh?kZo`r (B) φ
(C) 2 + 3i ; - 2 + 6i dks feykus okyk js[ kk[k.M (D) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

57-
57- lHkh lfEeJ la[;kvksa z1,z2 tks fd |z1| = 12 vkSj |z2 - 3 - 4i| = 5 dks lar’q V djrh gS] ds fy;s |z1 - z2| dk eku gS&
(A) 0 (B) 2 (C) 7 (D) 13

1 1 1
58-
58- ;fn z1,z2 vkSj z3 lfEeJ la[;k,a bl izdkj gS fd |z1| = |z2| = |z3| = + + = 1 rks |z1 + z2 + z3| gS&
z1 z 2 z3
(A) 1 ds cjkcj (B) 1 ds de (C) 3 ls cM+k (D) 3 cjkcj

••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

Answers
1
EXERCISE # 1 –A 3. (i) ±( 4 + 3i) (ii) ± (3 + i)
2
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. A

8. A 9. A 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. C 14. C 21 12

4. (a) − i (b) 3 + 4 i
5 5
15. C 16. C 17. B 18. D 19. BCD 20. ABC θ
− cot
1 2
21. ACD 22. AB 23. ABCD (c) +i
 θ θ
21 + 3 cos 2  1 + 3 cos 2
 2 2
EXERCISE # 1 –B
2
1. 3, -1 6. (i) (a – ib)

9π 9π
2. (A) Z = 2 COS Pr incipal Arg z = , 8. (a) ladUs nzh
o`rksa ds chp dk Hkkx ftudk dsUnz
25 25
¼0] 2½ rFkk f=T;k,a 1 o 3 bdkbZ gSA
9π
arg z = + 2kπ, k ∈ Ι (b) lfEeJ lery dk og Hkkx tks js[kk y = 1 ij
25 ;k mlds Åij gSA
5π (c) (c) ,d fdj.k tks fd fcUnq (3 + 4i) ls
(b) Modulus = 2, Arg = 2kπ − , k ∈ Ι,
6 fudyrh gSA rFkk ewy fcUnw ls nwj tkrh gS vkSj
5π mldk lehdj.k
Principal Arg = -
6
3 x − y + 4 − 3 3 = 0. x > 3

30
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1 2
2. az + az = 0 3. 2 7. k≥ α−β
9. 5 + 2& 5 − 2 2
 21 5 
8. − ,− 
 10 6 
10. (i) 0, 6 (ii) 1, 7 (iii) 0, 5
EXERCISE # 3

1. (A) → (p), (B) → (q), (C) → (r) (D) → (s)

2. (A) → (p), (B) → (q), (C) → (r) (D) → (s)

3. B 4. A 5. B 6. C 7.1 B 7.2 D 7.3 A

8.1 A 8.2 C 8.3 B 9. False 10. False

11. 11. True 12. True 13. True 14. ω 15. 7

π
16. 17. 1 18. 1
2

EXERCISE # 4
14. (i) |z| = 20 (ii)OP = OQ = PR = QR = 20
1.1 B 1.2 C 1.3 BCD 2. D 3. D 4. D
15. (i) 4 (ii) 3 5. A 6. B 7. − i 3, 1 − 3 + i, 3 − i

17. z = - 1, 3, 1 – 2 I, 1 + 2 i  K 2β − α  k(α − β)
8. B 9.  ,
 k2 − 1  1 − k2
 

10. A 13. B 14. B 16. (i) C (ii) D

17. (a) A (b) A 18. C 20. (a) D (b) B

;ksx =4, dsUnzd =1 2

 n(n + 1) 
21. D 24. D 25.  2  −n
19. (i) – 1  
π
( 6n +1) i
(ii) e 4 , n = 0, 1, 2, 3 lrr~ [Link] = 1 3 1 − 3 1
26. 0 + i, − i, − i
4 2 4 2
20. 5 21. − 4 − 3i, 2 5
27. (i) B (ii) D (iii) C (iv) A
EXERCISE # 2- A
30. z 2 = −2, z3 = 1 − i 3 31. C 32. C 33. C
1. B 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. D
34. B 35. BD 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. C
8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. C
41. D 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. C 46. D 47. B
15. A 16. C 17. A 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. B
48. C 49. C 50. C 51. C 52. C 53. B 54. A
22. B 23. B 24. A 25. BC 26. ABC 27. BD
55. A 56. B 57. B 58. A
EXERCISE # 2 –B

MQB 31
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••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
EXERCISE # 1 ¼cgqfodYih; iz”u½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

dsoy ,d fodYi lgh

1- ;fn 1, α, α 2, ,.........., αn −1 bdkbZ ds n osa ewy gks] rks (3 − α)(3 − α 2 )(3 − α3 ).......(3 − αn−1 ) dk eku gS&
3n − 1 3n + 1
(A) n (B) 0 (C) (D)
2 2

2- ;fn f}?kkr lehdj.k (1 + i) x2 - (7 + 3i) x +(6 + 8i) = 0 dk ,d ewy 4 - 3i gS] rks bldk nwljk ewy gS&
(A) 1 + i (B) 4 + 3i (C) 1 - i (D) dksbZ ugha

3- ;fn P rFkk P’ Øe”k% lfEeJ la[;k z1 rFkk blds ;ksT; izfrykse dks iznf”kZr djrs gS] rks ml o`r dk lfEeJ lehdj.k]
ftldk O;kl PP’ gS] gS&
z  z1 
(A) =  (B) z z + z1z1 = 0 (C) z z1 + z z1 = 0 (D) bueas ls dksbZ ugha
z1  z 

4- ;fn z = x + iy, [Link] (z - 1) = [Link] (z + 3) dks lar’q V djrk gS] rks (x - 1) : y gS&
(A) 2 : 1 (B) 1 : 3 (C) -1 : 3 (D) dksbZ ugha

5- ekuk z(≠ ) dk ,d lfEeJ la[;k bl izdkj gS fd log1 / 2 | z − 2 |> log1 / 2 | z |, rks

(A) Re(z) > 1 (B) Im (z) > 1 (C) Re(z) = 1 (D) Im (z) = 1

6- z 3 + z = 0 ds gyksa dh la[;k gS &

(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

7- ;fn iz3 + z2 - z + i = 0, rks | z | =

(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 1

8- ;fn a > 0 rFkk lehdj.k |z - a2| + |z - 2a| = 3 ,d nh?kZor` dks fu:fir djrh gS] rks a gS &
(A) (1, 3) (B) ( 2 , 3 ) (C) (0, 3) (D) (1, 3)

n −1
9- ;fn w ≠ 1 bdkbZ dk n oka ewy gS] rks ∑| z
l=0
1 + w k z 2 |2 dk eku gS&

(A) n(|z 1|2 + |z 2|2) (B) |z1|2 + |z 2|2 (C) (|z 1| + |z 2|2) (D) n(|z 1| + |z 2|)2

10-
10- ;fn |z1| = 2, |z2| = 3, |z3| = 4 rFkk |2z1 + 3z2 + 4Z3| = 4 gS] rks 8z2z3 + 27z3z1 + 64z1z2 dk fujis{k eku gS&
(A) 24 (B) 48 (C) 72 (D) 96

11-
11- ;fn z1, z2, z3 rhu lfEeJ la[;k,sa bl izdkj gS fd 4z1 - 7z2 + 3z3 = 0 gS] rks z1, z2, z3 gS&
(A) fo’keckgq f=Hkqt ds “kh’kZ (B) ledks.k f=Hkqt ds “kh’kZ
(C) o`rh; fcUnq (D) laj[
s kh;
12-
12- -2 + 2i dk (cos θ + i sin θ ) okyk :i gS&

32
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  π  π    3π   3π 
(A) 2 2 cos −  + i sin −  (B) 2 2 cos  + i sin 
  4   4    4  4 
  3π   3π    π  π 
(C) 2 2 cos −  + i sin −  (D) 2 cos −  + i sin − 
  4   4    4   4 

13-
13- ;fn z = x + i y rks ljy js[kk dh lehdj.k Ax + By + C = 0 tgk¡ A,B,C, ∈ R, dks lfEeJ ry eas a z + az 2C = 0 ds
:i esa fy[kk tk ldrk gS rks ‘a’ gS&
(A)
(A + iB) (B)
A − iB
(C) A + i B (D) dksbZ ugha
2 2

π
14-
14- lfEeJ ry esa fcUnqvksa dk leqPp;] tks |z| ≤ 4 vkSj [Link] z = nksuksa dks lar’q V djs]a gS&
3
(A) ,d o`r rFkk ,d js[kk (B) ,d o`r dh f=T;k
(C) ,d o`rh; [k.M (D) ,d vuUr js[ kk dk Hkkx

15-
15- ;fn z1, z2, z3,......zn ,d o`r |z| = 2 fLFkr gS] rks
1 1 1
E =| z1 + z 2 + ....... + zn | − 4 + + ........ +
z1 z 2 zn
(A) 0 (B) n (C) -n (D) dksbZ ugha

16-
16- ;fn z = 2 + 3 i, rks O;atd z4 - z3 + 10 z2 + 3 z - 5 dk eku ,d okLrfod la[;k gS&
(A) 122 (B) -122 (C) 160 (D) -160

17-
17- z eas lehdj.k z z − (3 + i)z − (3 − i)z − 6 = 0 ds gyksa dh la[;k gS&
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) vuUr

24
 1 
18-
18- ;fn 1+ x2 = 3 x, rks ∑  x
n =1
n
− =
xn 
(A) 48 (B) -48 (C) ± 48 (ω − ω2 ) (D) dksbZ ugha

1 1 + i + ω2 ω2
19-
19- ;fn ω( ≠ 1) bdkbZ dk ?kuewy gS] rks 1 − i − 1 ω2 − 1 =
− i − i + ω −1 −1

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) i (D) ω

_ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ __ _

,d ls vf/kd fodYi lgh

20-
20- ;fn z1,z2,z3,z4 lehdj.k a0z4 + a1z3 + a2z2 + a3z2 + a3z + a4 = 0 ds ewy gS] tgk¡ a0, a1, a2, a3 rFkk a4 okLrfod gS
rks&
(A) z1, z2 , z3, z4 Hkh lehdj.k ds ewy gSA
(B) z1 de ls de z1, z2 , z3, z4 ds cjkcj gSA
(C) − z1,− z2 ,− z3,− z4 Hkh lehdj.k ds ewy gSA
(D) dksbZ ugha
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21-
21- oxZ ABCD ds Øekxr “kh’kZ okekorZ fn”kk esa fy;s x;s gSAa ;fn “kh’kZ A lfEeJ la[;k z }kjk iznf”kZr gS rFkk [Link] dk
izfrPNsn fcUnq ewyfcUnq gS] rks&
(A) “kh’kZ B lfEeJ la[;k iz }kjk iznf”kZr gSA (B) “kh’kZ D lfEeJ la[;k iz iznf”kZr gSA
(C) “kh’kZ B lfEeJ la[;k iz }kjk iznf”kZr gSA (D) “kh’kZ D lfEeJ la[;k - iz }kjk iznf”kZr gSA

22-
22- ;fn α lehdj.k z5 + z3 + z + 3 = 0 dk ewy gS rks &
(A) | α |≥ 1 (B) | α |< 1
(C) α, bdkbZ o`r |z| = 1 ds ckgj fLFkr gSA (D) α, bdkbZ o`r |z| = 1 ds vUnj fLFkr gSA

3
23-
23- z= , θ ∈R }kjk iznf”kZr oØ &
2 + cos θ + i sin θ
(A) dkYifud v{k dks dHkh ugha feyrk A (B) okLrfod v{k dks dsoy nks fcUnqvksa ij feyrk gSA
(C) |z| dk vf/kdre eku 3 gSA (D) |z| dk U;wure eku 1 gSA

24-
24- ;fn g(x) rFkk h(x) nks okLrfod cgqin bl izdkj gS fd cgqin g(x3) + xh (x3), x2 + x + 1 ls foHkkftr gS] rks &
(A) g(1) = h(1) = 0 (B) g(1) = h(1) ≠ 0 (C) g(1) = - h(1) (D) g(1) + h(1) = 0

z1 − z 2
25-
25- nks lfEeJ la[;k,sa z1 rFkk z2 izfrca/k = 1 dks lar’q V djrh gS] ;fn &
1 − z1z 2

(A) |z 1| = 1 (B) |z2| = 1 (C) z 1 = eiθ , θ ∈R (D) z2 = eiθ , θ ∈ R

••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
EXERCISE # 2 ¼fo’k;kRed iz’ku½’k’ku½
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
1- ekuk Ai (i = 1, 2, .......n) ,d bdkbZ f=T;k okys o`r ds varxZr n-Hkqtk okys lecgqHkqt ds “kh’kZ gS] rks Kkr dhft,&
(A) |A1A4|2 + |A1A3|2 + ...... + |A1An|2 (ii) |A1A2| . |A1A3|....... |A1An|

2- iznf”kZr dhft, fd bdkbZ ds n os ewyksa dh p oha ?kkrksa dk ;ksx

(a) “kwU; gS] ;fn p, n dk [Link] ugha gSA (b) n ds cjkcj gS] ;fn p, n dk [Link] gSA

fl) dhft, fd lehdj.k (x - 1)n = xn ds ewy 1 + i cot  gS] tgk¡

rπ
3-
 r 
r = 0, 1m 2, ........(n - 1) & n ∈ N.

4- ;fn α, β, γ lehdj.k x3 - 3 x2 + 3 x + 7 = 0 ds ewy gSa rFkk ω bdkbZ dk dkYifud ?kuewy gS rks

α −1 β − γ −1
+ + dk eku Kkr dhft,&
β −1 γ −1 α −1

5- iznf”kZr dhft, fd lehdj.k a1z3 + a2z2 + a3z + a3z + a4 = 3 ds lHkh ewy tgk¡ |ai| ≤ 1, i = 1, 2, 3, 4 ml o`r ds
ckgj fLFkr gS] ftldk dsUnz ewyfcUnq rFkk f=T;k 2/3 gSA

6- fn;k x;k gS z1 + z2 + z3 = A, z1 + z2 ω + z3 ω2 = B, z1 + z2 ω2 +z3 ω = C tgk¡ ω bdkbZ dk ?kuewy gS] rks

(a) z 1, z2, z 3 dks A,B,C ds inksa eas O;kDr dhft,A

(b) fl) dhft, |A|2 + |B|2 + |C|2 = 3 z1 2 + z 2 2 + z3 2 .

 

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(c) fl) dhft,] A3 + B3 + C3 - 3ABC = 27z1z2z3
7- ;fn α rFkk β nks lfEeJ la[;k,a gS] rks fl) dhft,&
2 2
(i) α + β + α − β = 2(| α |2 + | β |2 )

(ii) α − α 2 − β2 + α 2 − β2 = α + β + α − β .

8- lfEeJ la[;kvksa a,b,c }kjk fu:fir fcUnq] o` ftldk dsUnz O rFkk f=T;k r gS] ij fLFkr gSA fcUnq c ij [khaph xbZ Li”kZ
a −1 + b−1 − 2c −1
js[kk fcUnqvksa a,b dks feykus okyh thok dks z ij dkVrh gS] rks iznf”kZr dhft, z =
a −1b −1 − c − 2

9- f}?kkr lehdj.k z2 + (p + ip’) z + q + iq’ = 0; tgk¡ p,p’,q’q’ lHkh okLrfod gS] ds lanHkZ esa fl) dhft,A
(a) ;fn lehdj.k dk ,d okLrfod ewy gS] rks p’2 - pp’ q’ + qp’2 = 0.
(b) ;fn lehdj.k ds nks ewy leku gks] rks p2 - p’2 = 4q & pp’ = 2q’.
;fn Hkh crkb;s fd ;s leku ewy okLrfod ;k dkYifud gSAz

p
32  10  2qπ 2qπ  
10-
10- ljy dhft,% ∑ (3p + 2)
 ∑ sin
 11
− i cos 
11  
p =1  q =1 

2 πi 20
11-
11- ;fn α = e 7 rFkk f ( x ) = A 0 + ∑ A k xk , rks f ( x ) + f (αx ) + ........ + f ( α6 x ), dk α ls Lora= eku Kkr dhft,A
k =1

2π 2π
12-
12- fn;k x;k gS z = cos + i sin , ' n' /kukRed [Link]
a gS] rks lehdj.k Kkr dhft,] ftlds ewy
2n + 1 2n + 1
α = z + z3 + ....... + z 2n −1 rFkk β = z 2 + z 4 + ........ + z 2n gSA

13-
13- lehdj.k z12 - 56z6 - 512 = 0 ds os lHkh ewy Kkr dhft,] ftudk dkYifud Hkkx /kukRed gSA

Answers
EXERCISE # 1 A + Bω + Cω2
z3 =
3
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. D

8. C 9. A 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. C 14. B 10. 48 (1- i)

15. A 16. B 17. D 18. D 19. A 20. AB

7 14
21. AD 22. AC 23. ABCD 24. ACD 25. ABCD 11. 7 A0 + 7A7 x + 7A14x

EXERCISE # 2

1. (i) 2n (ii) n 4. 3 ω2
sin2 nθ 2π
12. z2 + z + = 0, where θ =
A +B+C A + Bω2 + Cω sin2 θ 2n + 1
6. (a) z1 = , z2 =
3 3
13. ± 1 + i 3,
(± 3 +i ), 2i
2
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